WO2018177380A1 - 动力系统用混合动力、纯电动传动装置及操作方法 - Google Patents

动力系统用混合动力、纯电动传动装置及操作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177380A1
WO2018177380A1 PCT/CN2018/081131 CN2018081131W WO2018177380A1 WO 2018177380 A1 WO2018177380 A1 WO 2018177380A1 CN 2018081131 W CN2018081131 W CN 2018081131W WO 2018177380 A1 WO2018177380 A1 WO 2018177380A1
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Prior art keywords
motor
reduction gear
gear pair
reduction
shaft
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PCT/CN2018/081131
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郝韵
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苏州凯博易控驱动技术有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州凯博易控驱动技术有限公司 filed Critical 苏州凯博易控驱动技术有限公司
Priority to US16/497,685 priority Critical patent/US11046167B2/en
Priority to EP18777169.6A priority patent/EP3604012B1/en
Priority to AU2018241662A priority patent/AU2018241662B2/en
Priority to CA3058222A priority patent/CA3058222C/en
Publication of WO2018177380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018177380A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

一种动力系统用传动装置，包括第一电机（EM1）、第二电机（EM2）、单行星排（PG）和减速齿轮传动机构。传动装置设有一个制动器（B1）和两个离合器（C1、C2），能够实现两个挡位的纯电动驱动模式，满足纯电动行驶的低速大扭矩和高车速使用需求。在混合动力驱动时采用输入动力分流和固定速比模式，实现动力系统的高效运行。该传动装置去掉与发动机连接的离合器等部件还可以作为一款双电机的两挡纯电动变速器。

Description

动力系统用混合动力、纯电动传动装置及操作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆动力传动技术，尤其涉及基于单行星排结构的动力系统用混合动力传动装置和用于纯电动传动装置，以及操作方法。
背景技术
随着能源紧张和环境污染等问题的日益突显，目前各汽车公司都致力于对汽车在节能环保方面的积极研发，其主要集中在对于内燃机系统、动力系统方面的研发，尤其是新能源动力系统的开发，能够有效解决汽车能耗和环境污染的问题。
目前的新能源动力系统中，由于传动装置的布局问题，导致需要依靠采用大功率高扭矩的驱动电机来满足动力需求，由此造成传动装置的成本非常昂贵。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种基于单行星排结构的混合动力传动装置和纯电动传动装置，其能够降低成本的同时，提升动力系统性能。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种动力系统用混合动力传动装置，包括由太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成的单行星排，第一电机，第二电机和发动机；所述第一电机并联有第一减速齿轮副、第二减速齿轮副，其中，所述第一减速齿轮副通过套轴与太阳轮相连接，所述第二减速齿轮副连接有第一离合器，控制所述第二减速齿轮副是否介入；所述第二电机连接有第三减速齿轮副，所述齿圈与连轴相接，所述第二减速齿轮副、所述第三减速齿轮副分别与连轴相连接；所述行星架连接有制动器；发动机利用输入轴穿过套轴与行星架相连接，输出轴与连轴相连接。
较佳地，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
较佳地，所述第一电机连接有第一电机轴，所述第一减速齿轮副、所述第二减速齿轮副分别与所述第一电机轴相连接。
较佳地，与第二减速齿轮副相连接的第一离合器套接在所述第一电机轴上。
较佳地，所述第二电机通过第二电机轴与第三减速齿轮副相连接。
较佳地，所述发动机与第一输入轴相连接，第一输入轴与第二输入轴之间连接有第二离合器，所述第二输入轴的另一端穿过所述套轴，与行星架相连接。
一种动力系统用纯电动传动装置，包括由太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成的单行星排，第一电机和第二电机；所述第一电机并联有第一减速齿轮副、第二减速齿轮副，所述第一减速齿轮副通过轴与太阳轮相连接，所述第二减速齿轮副连接有第一离合器，控制所述第二减速齿轮副是否介入；所述第二电机连接有第三减速齿轮副，所述齿圈与连轴相接，所述第二减速齿轮副、所述第三减速齿轮副分别与连轴相连接；所述行星架连接有制动器，输出轴与连轴相连接。
较佳地，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
较佳地，所述第一电机连接有第一电机轴，所述第一减速齿轮副、所述第二减速齿轮副分别与所述第一电机轴相连接。
较佳地，与第二减速齿轮副相连接的第一离合器套接在所述第一电机轴上。
较佳地，所述第二电机通过第二电机轴与第三减速齿轮副相连接。
一种动力系统用传动装置，包括有：
单行星排，包括有太阳轮、环绕所述太阳轮布置并与之啮合的多个行星轮、用于安装所述行星轮的行星架、与多个所述行星轮同时啮合的齿圈，所述齿圈同轴连接有一输出轴；所述行星架连接有制动器；
第一传动机构，包括有第一电机，所述第一电机连接有并联设置的第一减速齿轮副和第二减速齿轮副；所述第一减速齿轮副与所述太阳轮连接，所述第二减速齿轮副与所述齿圈连接；其中，所述第二减速齿轮副与所述第一电机之间设置有用于控制动力通断的第一离合器；
第二传动机构，包括有第二电机、与所述第二电机相连的第三减速齿轮副，所述第三减速齿轮副连接所述齿圈。
较佳地，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
较佳地，所述第一齿轮副包括：
第一减速大齿轮，通过套轴与所述太阳轮同轴连接或者直接与所述太阳轮同轴连接；
第一减速小齿轮，与所述第一电机的第一电机轴同轴连接，且所述第一减速小齿轮与所述第一减速大齿轮啮合。
较佳地，所述第二减速齿轮副包括：
第二减速小齿轮，通过所述第一离合器与所述第一电机的第一电机轴连接；
第二减速大齿轮，通过连轴与所述齿圈同轴连接，所述第二减速小齿轮与所述第二减速大齿轮啮合；所述连轴与所述输出轴同轴连接。
较佳地，所述第二减速小齿轮与所述第一电机轴套设，且所述第一电机轴可相对于所述第二减速小齿轮转动。
较佳地，所述第三减速齿轮副包括第三减速小齿轮，与所述第二电机的第二电机轴连接，且所述第三减速小齿轮与所述第二减速大齿轮啮合。
较佳地，还包括有发动机和用于控制所述发动机与所述行星架之间动力通断的第二离合器；所述发动机通过第一输入轴与所述第二离合器连接，所述第二离合器通过所述第二输入轴连接所述行星架连接。
一种动力系统用传动装置的操作方法，其中传动装置采用如上所述的传动装置，操作方法包括有：
a、闭合所述制动器，所述第一减速齿轮副介入；打开所述第一离合器，所述第二减速齿轮副不介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第一减速齿轮副、太阳轮、行星轮、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第一种传动模式；
b、开启所述制动器，所述第一减速齿轮不介入；闭合所述第一离合器，所述第二减速齿轮副介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第二减速齿轮副、 齿圈作用在所述输出轴，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第二种传动模式；
c、所述第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第三种传动模式；
d、在第三种传动模式的基础上，与a结合形成第四种传动模式；
e、在第三种传动模式的基础上，与b结合形成第五种传动模式。
一种动力系统用传动装置的操作方法，其中传动装置采用如上所述的传动装置，操作方法包括有：
a、闭合所述制动器，第一减速齿轮副介入；所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器开启，所述第二减速齿轮副和发动机不介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第一减速齿轮副、太阳轮转动、行星轮、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第一种传动模式；
b、闭合所述制动器，第一减速齿轮副介入；所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器开启，所述第二减速齿轮副和发动机不介入；所述第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第二种传动模式；
c、在第二种传动模式的基础上，与a结合形成第三种传动模式；
d、在第三种传动模式的基础上，当发动机加速的时候，为了防止第一电机转速过高，先打开所述制动器，使的第一电机的转速与第二电机的转动趋近，再闭合第一离合器，通过所述第二减速齿轮机构驱动输出轴，形成第四种传动方式；
e、打开所述制动器和第一离合器，闭合所述第二离合器；所述第一电机工作，通过所述第一减速齿轮副带动太阳轮工作；所述太阳轮通过行星轮和行星架传递给所述发动机，从而带动所述发动机启动；所述发动机启动后，分别带动齿圈和太阳轮转动，通过所述齿圈作用在所述输出轴上形成第五种传动模式；
f、在第五种传动模式的基础上，第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述第二电机和所述发动机共同为所述输出 轴提供动力，形成第六种传动模式。
本发明由于采用以上技术方案，使之与现有技术相比，具有以下的优点和积极效果：
本发明通过本发明所采用的动力耦合装置为一个单行星排机构，构成一个三轴系统(套轴、连轴、输入轴)，第一电机和第二电机分别通过减速齿轮副与行星排进行连接，本发明中第一离合器和第二离合器采用多片摩擦元件，第一制动器采用多片湿式换挡元件或具有双向锁止功能的单向离合器机构。
在纯电动模式时，单独控制所述第一制动器闭合实现第一固定挡位的纯电动模式，采用第一电机或第二电机或者两个电机共同驱动；随着车速的增加，为了防止第一电机的转速过高，控制第一制动器打开，控制第一电机的转速接近第二电机转速，然后闭合第二离合器，即实现第二挡固定速比纯电动行驶。
在混合动力驱动模式时，闭合第一离合器使发动机输出的动力通过输入轴传递至行星架，此时动力系统以动力分流工作模式运行，作为主要的混合动力模式。在该模式下，通过控制第一电机的工作转速，调节发动机的工作点，使得发动机能够稳定在高效区间，此时第一电机处于发电状态，电能存入电池或供给第二电机使用。动力分流模式能够使发动机转速与车速解耦，发动机能够长时间工作在最优区间，而且还能通过电机的转速控制实现整车无级变速，即E-CVT功能，这也是动力分流混合动力系统的方案优势。
在混合动力高车速行驶时，发动机自身可以工作在高效区间，此时再闭合第二离合器，动力系统实现固定传动比驱动模式，此时发动机单独驱动或同时与两个电机或与其中一个电机共同驱动车辆。
在混合动力传动装置的基础上，通过去除与发动机连接的输入轴、第一离合器，能够形成一种纯电动传动装置，可以根据需要进行不同速比的调整，同时采用单电机或者双电机工作模式，以满足不同的工况需求；另外，在产品进行批量化生产过程中，纯电动传动装置与混合动力传动装置，其零部件通用度高，能够节省大量的制造成本，有助于实现产品的系列化开发。
通过以上分析，本发明提供的混合动力的传动装置，能够实现两挡纯电动驱动模式，能够满足低速大扭矩和高车速的使用要求，尤其适用于插电混合动力系统；在混合动力驱动模式下，中低速时采用动力分流模式，实现良好的燃 油经济性；高车速时采用固定速比驱动模式，充分利用发动机自身的高效运行区间；本发明所提供的纯电动传动装置，能够用于两挡纯电动变速箱，结合混合动力传动装置和纯电动传动装置来看，能够实现产品的平台化和系列化。
而且，本发明提供的传动装置结构简单，且无需通过大功率高扭矩的驱动电机来满足动力需求，从而降低传动装置的成本。
附图说明
结合附图，通过下文的述详细说明，可更清楚地理解本发明的上述及其他特征和优点，其中：
图1为本发明实施例1所公开的一种混合动力传动装置的原理结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例2所公开的一种纯电动传动装置的原理结构示意图。
图中数字和字母所表示的相应部件名称：
1、第一输入轴；2、行星架；3、太阳轮；4、行星轮；5、齿圈；6、套轴(轴)；7、连轴；8、第一减速大齿轮；9、第一减速小齿轮；10、第二减速小齿轮；11、第二减速大齿轮；12、第三减速小齿轮；13、第一电机轴；14、第二电机轴；15、第一电机定子；16、第一电机转子；17、第二电机定子；18、第二电机转子；19、第二输入轴；20、输出轴。
具体实施方式
参见示出本发明实施例的附图，下文将更详细地描述本发明。然而，本发明可以以许多不同形式实现，并且不应解释为受在此提出之实施例的限制。相反，提出这些实施例是为了达成充分及完整公开，并且使本技术领域的技术人员完全了解本发明的范围。这些附图中，为清楚起见，可能放大了层及区域的尺寸及相对尺寸。
实施例1
参照图1，本发明提供了一种混合动力传动装置，包括单行星排PG、发动机、第一传动机构、第二传动机构。其中，单行星排PG包括有太阳轮3、行星轮4、行星架2和齿圈5，多个行星轮4绕太阳轮3周向布置并与之啮合，齿圈5环绕多个行星轮4设置，并与多个行星轮同时啮合，齿圈直接或间接的同轴连 接有一输出轴20。
在本实施例中，第一传动机构包括有第一电机EM1，第一电机EM1由第一电机定子15、第一电机转子16和第一电机轴13构成，第一减速齿轮副直接连接在第一电机轴13上，第二减速齿轮副通过第一离合器C2设置在第一电机轴13上，第一减速齿轮副与第二齿轮副处于并列关系；第一离合器C2用于控制第二减速齿轮是否连接第一电机轴13，及控制第一电机轴13是否带动第二减速齿轮副。其中，第一减速齿轮副与太阳轮3连接，第二减速齿轮副与齿圈5连接。
在本实施例中，第一减速齿轮副包括第一减速大齿轮8和第一减速小齿轮9，第一减速小齿轮9与第一电机轴13同轴固定连接，第一减速大齿轮8与太阳轮3同轴固定连接，且第一减速大齿轮8与第一减速小齿轮9啮合，第一电机EM1启动通过第一电机轴13带动第一减速小齿轮9转动，第一减速小齿轮9转动通过第一减速大齿轮8作用在太阳轮3上；第一减速大齿轮8通过一套轴6与太阳轮3同轴固定连接。
进一步的，为了能够控制第一减速齿轮副的介入单行星排，在行星架2上连接有制动器B1；具体的，在实际过程中，传动装置具有箱体0，制动器B1安装于行星架2与箱体0之间。
在本实施例中，第二减速齿轮副包括有第二减速小齿轮10和第二减速大齿轮11；第二减速小齿轮10通过第一离合器C2连接与第一电机轴13连接，第一离合器C2用于控制第二减速齿轮副是否介入单行星排；第二减速小齿轮10与第一电机轴13套设，且第一电机轴13可相对于第二减速小齿轮10转动；第二减速大齿轮11与齿圈7同轴固定连接，当第一离合器C2闭合后，第一电机轴13转动带动第二减速小齿轮10转动，第二减速小齿轮10转动再通过第二减速大齿轮作用在齿圈5上。其中，第二减速大齿轮11通过一连轴7与齿圈5同轴固定连接，该传动装置的输出轴20直接与连轴7同轴固定连接。
在本实施例中，第二传动机构包括有第二电机EM2，第二电机EM2由第二电机定子17、第二电机转子18和第二电机轴14构成，第二电机轴14上设置有一第三减速齿轮副，第三减速齿轮副与齿圈5连接，转动作用在齿圈5上。
进一步的，第三减速齿轮副包括有第三减速小齿轮12，本实施例中第三减速小齿轮12直接与第二减速大齿轮11啮合；第二电机EM2工作，带动第二电机轴14转动，从而带动第三减速小齿轮12转动，第三减速小齿轮12转动通过第二减速大齿轮11作用在齿圈5上。
在本实施例中，发动机通过第二离合器C1与行星架2固定连接；具体的，发动机的飞轮减震器FW连接有第一输入轴1，第一输入轴1通过第二离合器C2连接有第二输入轴19，第二输入轴19与行星架2同轴固定连接；在此需要说明的是，由于第一减速大齿轮8与太阳轮3通过套轴6相连接，为了能够使第二输入轴19与行星架2相连接，本实施例将套轴6设计为空心轴，通过将第二输入轴19穿过套轴6，能够与行星架2相连接。
在本实施例中，第一离合器C2和第二离合器C1采用多片摩擦元件，制动器B1采用多片摩擦元件或具有双向锁止功能的单向离合器机构。本实施例选用多片摩擦元件，因其具有表面压强大的特点，能够产生更多的扭矩；当然，在其他实施例中第一离合器C2、第二离合器C1以及制动器B1的实现方式并不局限于以上所述，可根据具体情况进行调整。
本实施例所提供的传动装置，其采用一个单行星排作为动力耦合机构，用于实现发动机、第一电机、第二电机的动力耦合，车辆在实际行驶过程中，各动力源与换挡原件(第一离合器、第二离合器以及制动器)组合使用，能够产生多种不同的工作模式；而且本发明仅仅需要一个单行星排即可完成现有技术中双行星排需要达到的传动比，其传动装置结构简单，传递路径最优，能够满足整车空间的布置，简化了工艺；
另外，本发明中第一电机、第二电机采用一级齿轮传动减速增扭，在纯电动行驶模式下，可以用较小扭矩的电机达到大电机的动力性能，优化了电机工作高效率区，进而降低了整个电驱动系统的尺寸、重量及成本，爬坡能力和加速性能远远超过单一的大电机；
Figure PCTCN2018081131-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018081131-appb-000002
注：○——表示打开状态；●——表示闭合状态
依据上表对本实施例提供的传动装置的工作模式作进一步的说明：
一、纯电动驱动模式：
在纯电动驱动模式下，结合表1，将制动器B1闭合，第一离合器C2和第二离合器C1开启，此时：
(ⅰ)第一电机单独工作时，能够带动所述第一电机轴13进行转动，通过第一电机轴13能够驱动第一减速齿轮副进行转动，从而将动力传递至套轴6上，由于套轴6与太阳轮3相连接，通过套轴6能够将动力传递至太阳轮3，又由于制动器B1与行星架2相连接，利用制动器B1能够锁止行星架2，从而使动力传递至齿圈5，进而传递至于齿圈5相连接的连轴7，通过连轴7传递至于其相连接的输出轴上；
(ⅱ)第二电机单独工作时，能够带动第二电机轴14进行转动，将动力通过第二电机轴14传递至第三减速小齿轮12，进而传递至与第三减速小齿轮12相啮合的第二减速大齿轮11，由于所述连轴7与第二减速大齿轮11相连接，因此动力能够传递至连轴7，从而通过连轴7传递至输出轴20上；
(ⅲ)结合(ⅰ)和(ⅱ)两种情况，通过第一电机和第二电机共同工作，能够带动连轴7进行转动，进而驱动输出轴进行转动。
通过以上三种情况中的任一情况，能够形成第一固定的传动比，形成电机模式1，需要说明的是，当所述第一电机和所述第二电机同时工作时，能够输出较大的驱动扭矩，充分满足纯电动的动力性需求。
在第一电机与第二电机同时工作时，当车速增加的情形下，为了防止第一电机转速过高，此时打开制动器B1，调节第一电机的转速，使第一电机的转速接近或者等同第二电机的转速，然后闭合第一离合器C1，此时，第一电机通过第一电机轴13能够带动第二减速齿轮副进行转动，从而驱动连轴7进行转动，连轴7将动力传递至输出轴，此时能够形成第二固定的传动比。
另外，通过设置第一减速齿轮副传动比与第二减速齿轮副传动比相同，当第一离合器C2闭合时，太阳轮3的转速和齿圈5的转速将同速运行，及行星排的各元件之间没有相对转速，这样能够降低行星排运行的机械损失。
二、混合动力驱动模式：
在混合动力驱动模式下，结合上表，打开制动器B1和第一离合器C2，闭合第二离合器C1，当第一电机工作时，通过第一电机能够带动第一电机轴13转动，驱动第一减速齿轮副进行转动，第一减速齿轮副能够将动力传递至太阳轮3，由于制动器处于打开状态，第二离合器C1处于闭合状态，太阳轮3将动力传递至行星轮4，进而通过行星架2将动力传递至发动机，能够带动发动机启动，同时调节发动机的工作点，实现发动机转速与车速解耦；
发动机在工作状态下，通过第一输入轴1能够将动力传递至第二输入轴19，由于制动器B1处于打开状态，且第二输入轴19与行星架2相连接，通过利用第二输入轴19能够带动齿圈5和太阳轮3分别进行转动，通过齿圈5的转动能够驱动连轴7进行转动，从而使输出轴20进行转动。
需要说明的是，当发动机进行工作时，能够带动太阳轮3转动，从而通过第一减速齿轮副带动第一电机轴13进行转动，此时，第一电机能够从发动机获得部分功率，第一电机处于发电状态，能够将电能存入电池或供给第二电机使用，形成完整的电功率传递路径，发动机的其余功率将通过行星排机构的机械路径传递至输出轴。
第二电机通过驱动第二电机轴14能够驱动第三减速齿轮副进行运转，带动连轴7进行转动，从而将动力传递至输出轴20，与发动机共同提供动力输出。
在此模式中，发动机的输出功率经过电功率传递路径和机械传递路径传递，实现了动力分流工作模式，该动力分流的工作模式优化了发动机的工作区间，使得动力系统整体获得受益，具有良好的燃油经济性。
当车辆处于高速行驶时，由于发动机自身可以工作在高效区间，此时闭合第一离合器C2和第二离合器C1，打开制动器B1，动力系统能够实现固定的传动比驱动模式，即通过利用发动机单独驱动，或者发动机与第一电机共同驱动，或者发动机与第二电机共同驱动，或者发动机与第一电机、第二电机共同驱动，即能够形成该固定的传动比驱动模式。
由上可知，本发明提供的传动装置，可根据车辆不同工况智能化切换不同运行模式，在满足整车驱动要求的前提下保证整车的经济性和排放性，发动机时刻处于高效率运行状态，车辆经济性和排放性处于最佳状态；起步阶段，双电机纯电行驶，低速阶段双电机纯电驱动、中低速阶段行星排混动行驶，高速阶段，并联混动模式，怠速阶段发动机停机，制动阶段能量回馈
实施例2
参照图2，本实施例提供了一种纯电动传动装置，包括单行星排PG、第一传动机构、第二传动机构。其中，单行星排PG包括有太阳轮3、行星轮4、行星架2和齿圈5，多个行星轮4绕太阳轮3周向布置并与之啮合，齿圈5环绕多个行星轮4设置，并与多个行星轮同时啮合，齿圈直接或间接的同轴连接有一输出轴20。
在本实施例中，第一传动机构包括有第一电机EM1，第一电机EM1由第一电机定子15、第一电机转子16和第一电机轴13构成，第一减速齿轮副直接连接在第一电机轴13上，第二减速齿轮副通过第一离合器C2设置在第一电机轴13上，第一减速齿轮副与第二齿轮副处于并列关系；第一离合器C2用于控制第二减速齿轮是否连接第一电机轴13，即控制第一电机轴13是否带动第二减速齿轮副。其中，第一减速齿轮副与太阳轮3连接，第二减速齿轮副与齿圈5连接。
在本实施例中，第一减速齿轮副包括第一减速大齿轮8和第一减速小齿轮9，第一减速小齿轮9与第一电机轴13同轴固定连接，第一减速大齿轮8直接与太阳轮3同轴固定连接，且第一减速大齿轮8与第一减速小齿轮9啮合，第一电机EM1启动通过第一电机轴13带动第一减速小齿轮9转动，第一减速小齿轮9转动通过第一减速大齿轮8作用在太阳轮3上。
进一步的，为了能够控制第一减速齿轮副的介入单行星排，在行星架2上连接有制动器B1；具体的，在实际过程中，传动装置具有箱体0，制动器B1安装于行星架2与箱体0之间。
在本实施例中，第二减速齿轮副包括有第二减速小齿轮10和第二减速大齿轮11；第二减速小齿轮10通过第一离合器C2连接与第一电机轴13连接，第一离合器C2用于控制第二减速齿轮副是否介入单行星排；第二减速小齿轮10与第一电机轴13套设，且第一电机轴13可相对于第二减速小齿轮10转动；第二减速大 齿轮11与齿圈7同轴固定连接，当第一离合器C2闭合后，第一电机轴13转动带动第二减速小齿轮10转动，第二减速小齿轮10转动再通过第二减速大齿轮作用在齿圈5上。其中，第二减速大齿轮11通过一连轴7与齿圈5同轴固定连接，该传动装置的输出轴20直接与连轴7同轴固定连接。
在本实施例中，第二传动机构包括有第二电机EM2，第二电机EM2由第二电机定子17、第二电机转子18和第二电机轴14构成，第二电机轴14上设置有一第三减速齿轮副，第三减速齿轮副与齿圈5连接，转动作用在齿圈5上。
进一步的，第三减速齿轮副包括有第三减速小齿轮12，本实施例中第三减速小齿轮12直接与第二减速大齿轮11啮合；第二电机EM2工作，带动第二电机轴14转动，从而带动第三减速小齿轮12转动，第三减速小齿轮12转动通过第二减速大齿轮11作用在齿圈5上。
本实施例中的纯电动传动装置具有以下几种工作模式：
(ⅰ)闭合所述制动器，开启所述第二离合器，第一电机工作时，通过带动所述第一电机轴13进行转动，驱动第一减速小齿轮9进行转动，与第一减速小齿轮9相啮合的第一减速大齿轮8能够进行转动，通过轴的转动，带动太阳轮3进行转动，由于制动器处于闭合状态，通过太阳轮3的转动能够带动齿圈5进行转动，进而使得与齿圈5相连接的连轴7进行转动，从而通过输出轴上输出动力；
(ⅱ)开启所述制动器，闭合所述第二离合器，第一电机工作时，通过带动所述第一电机轴13进行转动，能够驱动所述第二减速小齿轮10进行转动，与第二减速小齿轮10相啮合的第二减速大齿轮11能够进行转动，由于第二减速大齿轮11与连轴7相连接，因此能够带动连轴7进行转动，从而通过输出轴20输出动力；
(ⅲ)第二电机工作时，通过第二电机能够带动第二电机轴14进行转动，驱动与第二电机轴14相连接的第三减速小齿轮12进行转动，进而驱动与第三减速小齿轮12相啮合的第二减速大齿轮11进行转动，由于第二减速大齿轮11连接有连轴7，因此能够带动连轴7进行转动，从而通过输出轴20输出动力；
(ⅳ)在(ⅲ)的基础上，通过任意结合(ⅰ)或者(ⅱ)，能够实现双电机同步驱动，能够输出较大的驱动扭矩，满足纯电动的动力性能需求。
综上所述，本发明提供的混合动力传动装置，能够降低对电机的要求，满足低速大扭矩和高车速的使用要求，尤其适用于插电混合动力系统。在混合动力驱动模式下，中低速时采用动力分流模式，实现良好的燃油经济性；高车速时采用固定速比驱动模式，充分利用发动机自身的高效运行区间。
在产品进行批量化生产过程中，纯电动传动装置与混合动力传动装置，其零部件通用度高，能够节省大量的制造成本，有助于实现产品的系列化开发。
本技术领域的技术人员应理解，本发明可以以许多其他具体形式实现而不脱离其本身的精神或范围。尽管已描述了本发明的实施案例，应理解本发明不应限制为这些实施例，本技术领域的技术人员可如所附权利要求书界定的本发明的精神和范围之内作出变化和修改。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，包括由太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成的单行星排，第一电机，第二电机和发动机；所述第一电机并联有第一减速齿轮副、第二减速齿轮副，其中，所述第一减速齿轮副通过套轴与太阳轮相连接，所述第二减速齿轮副连接有第一离合器，控制所述第二减速齿轮副是否介入；所述第二电机连接有第三减速齿轮副，所述齿圈与连轴相接，所述第二减速齿轮副、所述第三减速齿轮副分别与连轴相连接；所述行星架连接有制动器；发动机利用输入轴穿过套轴与行星架相连接，输出轴与连轴相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一电机连接有第一电机轴，所述第一减速齿轮副、所述第二减速齿轮副分别与所述第一电机轴相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，与第二减速齿轮副相连接的第一离合器套接在所述第一电机轴上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述第二电机通过第二电机轴与第三减速齿轮副相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述发动机与第一输入轴相连接，第一输入轴与第二输入轴之间连接有第二离合器，所述第二输入轴的另一端穿过所述套轴，与行星架相连接。
  7. 一种动力系统用纯电动传动装置，其特征在于，包括由太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成的单行星排，第一电机和第二电机；所述第一电机并联有第一减速齿轮副、第二减速齿轮副，所述第一减速齿轮副通过轴与太阳轮相连接，所述第二减速齿轮副连接有第一离合器，控制所述第二减速齿轮副是否介入；所述第二电机连接有第三减速齿轮副，所述齿圈与连轴相接，所述第二减速齿 轮副、所述第三减速齿轮副分别与连轴相连接；所述行星架连接有制动器，输出轴与连轴相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的动力系统用混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的动力系统用纯电动传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一电机连接有第一电机轴，所述第一减速齿轮副、所述第二减速齿轮副分别与所述第一电机轴相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的动力系统用纯电动传动装置，其特征在于，与第二减速齿轮副相连接的第一离合器套接在所述第一电机轴上。
  11. 根据权利要求7或9所述的动力系统用纯电动传动装置，其特征在于，所述第二电机通过第二电机轴与第三减速齿轮副相连接。
  12. 一种动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，包括有：
    单行星排，包括有太阳轮、环绕所述太阳轮布置并与之啮合的多个行星轮、用于安装所述行星轮的行星架、与多个所述行星轮同时啮合的齿圈，所述齿圈同轴连接有一输出轴；所述行星架连接有制动器；
    第一传动机构，包括有第一电机，所述第一电机连接有并联设置的第一减速齿轮副和第二减速齿轮副；所述第一减速齿轮副与所述太阳轮连接，所述第二减速齿轮副与所述齿圈连接；其中，所述第二减速齿轮副与所述第一电机之间设置有用于控制动力通断的第一离合器；
    第二传动机构，包括有第二电机、与所述第二电机相连的第三减速齿轮副，所述第三减速齿轮副连接所述齿圈。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，所述单行星排设置在一箱体内，所述制动器设置在所述箱体上用于锁止所述行星架。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一齿轮副包括：
    第一减速大齿轮，通过套轴与所述太阳轮同轴连接或者直接与所述太阳轮同轴连接；
    第一减速小齿轮，与所述第一电机的第一电机轴同轴连接，且所述第一减速小齿轮与所述第一减速大齿轮啮合。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，所述第二减速齿轮副包括：
    第二减速小齿轮，通过所述第一离合器与所述第一电机的第一电机轴连接；
    第二减速大齿轮，通过连轴与所述齿圈同轴连接，所述第二减速小齿轮与所述第二减速大齿轮啮合；所述连轴与所述输出轴同轴连接。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，所述第二减速小齿轮与所述第一电机轴套设，且所述第一电机轴可相对于所述第二减速小齿轮转动。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，所述第三减速齿轮副包括第三减速小齿轮，与所述第二电机的第二电机轴连接，且所述第三减速小齿轮与所述第二减速大齿轮啮合。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的动力系统用传动装置，其特征在于，还包括有发动机和用于控制所述发动机与所述行星架之间动力通断的第二离合器；所述发动机通过第一输入轴与所述第二离合器连接，所述第二离合器通过所述第二输入轴连接所述行星架连接。
  19. 一种动力系统用传动装置的操作方法，其特征在于，其中传动装置采用权利要求7-11、12-17中任意一项所述的传动装置，操作方法包括有：
    a、闭合所述制动器，所述第一减速齿轮副介入；打开所述第一离合器，所述第二减速齿轮副不介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第一减速齿轮副、太阳轮、行星轮、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第一种传动模式；
    b、开启所述制动器，所述第一减速齿轮不介入；闭合所述第一离合器，所述第二减速齿轮副介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第二减速齿轮副、 齿圈作用在所述输出轴，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第二种传动模式；
    c、所述第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第三种传动模式；
    d、在第三种传动模式的基础上，与a结合形成第四种传动模式；
    e、在第三种传动模式的基础上，与b结合形成第五种传动模式。
  20. 一种动力系统用传动装置的操作方法，其特征在于，其中传动装置采用权利要求1-6、18中任意一项所述的传动装置，操作方法包括有：
    a、闭合所述制动器，第一减速齿轮副介入；所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器开启，所述第二减速齿轮副和发动机不介入；所述第一电机工作，顺序通过所述第一减速齿轮副、太阳轮转动、行星轮、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第一种传动模式；
    b、闭合所述制动器，第一减速齿轮副介入；所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器开启，所述第二减速齿轮副和发动机不介入；所述第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴，所述输出轴输出动力，实现传动装置的第二种传动模式；
    c、在第二种传动模式的基础上，与a结合形成第三种传动模式；
    d、在第三种传动模式的基础上，当发动机加速的时候，为了防止第一电机转速过高，先打开所述制动器，使的第一电机的转速与第二电机的转动趋近，再闭合第一离合器，通过所述第二减速齿轮机构驱动输出轴，形成第四种传动方式；
    e、打开所述制动器和第一离合器，闭合所述第二离合器；所述第一电机工作，通过所述第一减速齿轮副带动太阳轮工作；所述太阳轮通过行星轮和行星架传递给所述发动机，从而带动所述发动机启动；所述发动机启动后，分别带动齿圈和太阳轮转动，通过所述齿圈作用在所述输出轴上形成第五种传动模式；
    f、在第五种传动模式的基础上，第二电机工作，顺序通过所述第三减速齿轮副、齿圈作用在所述输出轴上，所述第二电机和所述发动机共同为所述输出轴提供动力，形成第六种传动模式。
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CN109203972A (zh) * 2018-11-14 2019-01-15 上海汉老汽车科技有限公司 一种双电机混合动力系统传动装置
CN109203972B (zh) * 2018-11-14 2024-02-27 王延芸 一种双电机混合动力系统传动装置
CN109866603A (zh) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-11 王佩英 混合动力传动装置

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EP3604012A4 (en) 2020-12-23
US20210053434A1 (en) 2021-02-25
US11046167B2 (en) 2021-06-29
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EP3604012A1 (en) 2020-02-05
EP3604012B1 (en) 2022-12-07

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