JP2007516875A - 超音波法によってラミネート加工された多プライ布 - Google Patents
超音波法によってラミネート加工された多プライ布 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ここで用いられる「不織ウェブ」という用語は、個々の繊維又は糸が相互に組み合わされているが、編成布におけるような識別可能な形態ではない構造を有するウェブを意味する。不織ウェブは、例えば、メルトブローンウェブ、スパンボンドウェブ、カーデッドウェブ、空気堆積ウェブなどを含む。
ここで用いられる「カーデッドウェブ」という用語は、不織ウェブを形成するために繊維を分離又は分解して整列させるコーミング装置又はカーディング装置を通されたステープル繊維から作られるウェブを意味する。
ここで用いられる「スパンボンドウェブ」という用語は、小さな直径の実質的に連続な繊維から形成される不織ウェブを意味する。繊維は、溶融した熱可塑性材料を、普通は環状の紡糸口金の複数の微細な毛細管からフィラメントとして押し出し、次いで、押し出された繊維の直径を、例えば、引き取り及び/又は他の周知のスパンボンディング機構によって、急速に減じることによって形成される。スパンボンドウェブの製造法は、例えば、Appel他による米国特許第4,340,563号、Dorschner他による米国特許第3,692,618号、Matsuki他による米国特許第3,802,817号、Kinneyによる米国特許第3,338,992号、Kinneyによる米国特許第3,341,394号、Hartmanによる米国特許第3,502,763号、Levyによる米国特許第3,502,538号、Dobo他による米国特許第3,542,615号、及び、Pike他による米国特許第5,382,400号に記述され説明されており、これらの特許は、全ての目的に関してその全体が引用によりここに組み入れられる。スパンボンド繊維は、一般に集積表面上に堆積されるときは粘着性をもたない。スパンボンド繊維は、時には約40ミクロンより小さな直径を有し、約5から約20ミクロンまでの間の直径を有することが多い。
ここで、
k=最大の繊維長
xi=繊維長
ni=xiの長さをもつ繊維の数、及び
n=測定した繊維の総数である。
一般に、本発明は、それぞれが不織複合材料を含有する二つのプライの間に配置された内側プライを有する多プライ布に向けられる。本発明者らは、内側プライを形成するのに用いられる材料が、特定の用途に関する布のある性質(例えば、強さ、嵩、吸収容量、吸収速度、手触りなど)を最適化するように選択的に制御可能であることを見出した。例えば、強化された吸油性が望ましい場合には、内側プライは、実質的に連続なポリオレフィン繊維から形成されるスパンボンドウェブなど、高親油性をもつ疎水性材料を含有することができる。同様に、内側プライは、強化された吸水性を与えるためには、高親水性をもつパルプ繊維など、親水性材料を含有することができる。これらの性質は、超音波接合技術を用いてプライを互いに積層すると特に改善される。具体的には、理論に拘束されるものではないが、プライの超音波接合は、布の構造体のいたるところに孔及び連続した空隙の形成をもたらすものと考えられ、その構造がさらに吸油性又は吸水性を改善する。
本発明は、以下の実施例を参照することによってよりよく理解することができる。
以下の試験方法が実施例において利用される。
カリパ:布のカリパは、その厚さに相当する。カリパは、実施例においてTAPPI試験法T402“紙、板、パルプハンドシート及び関連製品に関する標準調節及び試験環境”、又は、積層シートに関するNote 3を伴うT411 om−89“紙、厚紙、及び複合板の厚さ(カリパ)”に従って測定された。T411 om−89を実施するのに用いるマイクロメータは、57.2ミリメートルのアンビル直径と2キロパスカルのアンビル圧力を有するEmveco モデル200A 電子マイクロゲージ(オレゴン州、Newberry所在のEmveco,Inc製)とすることができる。
グラブ引張り強度:グラブ引張り試験は、一方向性応力を受けた際の布の破壊強度の計量法である。この試験は当技術分野で既知であり、連邦試験法標準191Aの方法5100の仕様に適合するものである。その結果は、破壊に要するポンド値で表される。高い数字ほど強い布を示す。グラブ引張り試験は、二つのクランプを使用し、その各々は、試料に接触する仕上げ面をそれぞれが有する二つのジョーをもつ。該クランプは、同じ平面内で、通常垂直に、3インチ(76mm)だけ離れて材料を掴み、所定の伸張速度で離れてゆく。グラブ引張り強度の値は、4インチ(102mm)かける6インチ(152mm)の試料サイズを用いて、1インチ(25mm)かける1インチのサイズのジョー仕上げ面、及び一定の伸張速度300mm/minによって得られる。試料はクランプのジョーより広く、布中の隣接する繊維によって与えられる付加的な強度と組み合わさった、クランプされた幅内の繊維の有効強度の典型値が得られる。例えば、ノースカロライナ州、Cary所在のSintec Corporationから入手可能なSintec 2 テスター、マサチューセッツ州、Canton所在のInstron Corporationから入手可能なInstronモデルTM,又は、ペンシルバニア州、Philadelphia所在のThwing−Albert Instrument Co.から入手可能なThwing−Albert モデルINTELLECT IIに、試験片がクランプされる。このことは、実際の使用における布の応力条件を綿密にシミュレートする。結果は、3つの試験片の平均値として報告され、該試験片を用いて、前後方向(CD)又は機械方向(MD)において行うことができる。
油取り込み速度:油の取り込み速度は、試料が所定量の油を吸込むのに要する秒単位の時間である。50Wの潤滑油の取り込みは、水に関して上述したのと同じ方法で測定されるが、但し、4滴(1面当たり2滴)の各々に対して0.1立方センチメートルの油が使用される。
吸収容量:吸収容量は、ある時間の間に液体(例えば、水又は潤滑油)を吸収する材料の容量を表し、飽和点において材料が保持する液体の総量に関係する。吸収容量は、工業及び施設用タオル、及び拭取り紙に関する連邦規格No.UU−T−595Cに従って測定される。具体的には、吸収容量は、液体の吸収によって生ずる試料の重量増加によって決められ、以下の式を用いて、吸収された液体の重量、又は、吸収された液体の重量%として表される。
吸収容量=(飽和した試料の重量−試料の重量)
又は、
%吸収容量=[(飽和した試料の重量−試料の重量)/試料の重量]]×100
表1 3プライ試料を形成するための条件
1パターンAは4.7%の全接合面積をもつ縞模様。パターンBは10.7%の全接合面積をもつ縞模様。パターンCは5.9%の全接合面積をもつドット・パターン。
表2 2プライ試料のための条件
1パターンAは4.7%の全接合面積をもつ縞模様。パターンBは10.7%の全接合面積をもつ縞模様。パターンCは5.9%の全接合面積をもつドット・パターン。
さらに、比較のため種々の1プライ試料も準備した。具体的には、一つの試料はKimberly−Clark Corp.からWypall(登録商標)X80 Orangeという名で市販されている単プライ拭取り材であった。Wypall(登録商標)X80 Orange拭取り材は、125gsmの坪量をもち、北方軟木クラフト繊維と水圧交絡されたポリプロピレン製スパンボンドウェブ(22.7gsm)を含有するものであった。もう一つの試料は、ウィスコンシン州、Green Bay所在のTufco,Inc.から市販されていて、およそ207gsmの坪量をもつ単プライ拭取り材と思われる“TufPro Rental Shop Towel”であった。
1プライ試料の種々の性質を試験して、上記の仕方で形成された2プライ及び3プライ試料と比較した。その結果は下の表5に示されている。
X1N−778(PSD998)
表5 試料の性質
1上記のように、この3プライ試料は不織複合外側プライ(30%スパンボンド/70%パルプ、64gsm)から形成され、内側プライとして接合されたカーディングされたウェブ(100%ポリプロピレン、45gsm)を含有するものであった。
2上記のように、この3プライ試料は不織複合外側プライ(30%スパンボンド/70%パルプ、64gsm)から形成され、内側プライとしてスパンボンドウェブ(100%ポリプロピレン、30gsm)を含有するものであった。
3上記のように、この2プライ試料の各プライは、Kimberly−Clark Corp.からPrimere(登録商標)の名で入手できる拭取り材から形成された。
4上記のように、この2プライ試料の各プライは、Kimberly−Clark Corp.からWypall(登録商標)X60 Blueの名で入手できる拭取り材から形成された。
Claims (20)
- 多プライ布を形成する方法であって、前記方法が、
熱可塑性繊維を含有する不織層からなる少なくとも一つの内側プライを、各々が熱可塑性繊維及び吸収性ステープル繊維を含有する不織複合材料からなる第1の外側プライと第2の外側プライとの間に配置し、
前記内側プライと、前記第1外側プライと、前記第2外側プライとを超音波法で互いにラミネートするステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記第1外側プライ、前記第2外側プライ、又はそれらの組合せの前記不織複合材料が、約50重量%より少ない前記熱可塑性繊維と、約50重量%より多くの前記吸収性ステープル繊維を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1外側プライ、前記第2外側プライ、又はそれらの組合せの前記不織複合材料が、約10重量%から約40重量%までの前記熱可塑性繊維と、約60重量%から約90重量%までの前記吸収性ステープル繊維を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1外側プライ、前記第2外側プライ、又はそれらの組合せの前記吸収性ステープル繊維がパルプ繊維であることを特徴とする、請求項1,2、又は3に記載の方法。
- 前記第1外側プライ、前記第2外側プライ、又はそれらの組合せの前記熱可塑性繊維が実質的に連続であることを特徴とする、上記請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1外側プライ、前記第2外側プライ、又はそれらの組合せの前記不織複合材料中の前記吸収性ステープル繊維と前記熱可塑性繊維が水圧交絡又はブレンドされることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 多プライ布を形成する方法であって、前記方法が、
熱可塑性繊維を含有する不織層からなる少なくとも一つの内側プライを、各々が実質的に連続なポリオレフィン繊維から形成され、かつ、パルプ繊維と水圧交絡されたスパンボンドウェブを含有する不織複合材料からなり、前記パルプ繊維が前記不織複合材料の約50重量%より大きな部分を構成している第1の外側プライと第2の外側プライとの間に配置し、
前記内側プライと、前記第1外側プライと、前記第2外側プライとを超音波法で互いにラミネートする、
ステップを含む方法。 - 第1の外側プライと第2の外側プライの間に配置された少なくとも一つの内側プライを有する多プライ布であって、前記第1外側プライ及び前記第2外側プライのそれぞれが、パルプ繊維と水圧交絡された実質的に連続な熱可塑性繊維を含有する不織複合材料からなり、前記パルプ繊維が前記不織複合材料の約50重量%より大きな部分を構成しており、前記内側プライが熱可塑性繊維を含有する不織層からなり、前記内側プライ、前記第1外側プライ、及び前記第2外側プライが超音波法で互いにラミネートされていることを特徴とする多プライ布。
- 前記不織複合材料が、約60重量%から約90重量%までの前記パルプ繊維を含むことを特徴とする、請求項7又は請求項8に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記第1の外側プライと前記第2の外側プライが、多プライ布の互いに反対側に向いた外側表面を形成することを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の多プライ布。
- 複数の連続した空隙を有する接合領域をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項8から請求項10までのいずれか1項に記載の多プライ布。
- 前記不織複合材料の実質的に連続な前記熱可塑性繊維が、ポリオレフィン繊維であることを特徴とする、請求項8から請求項11までのいずれか1項に記載の多プライ布。
- 前記第1外側プライの第1の表面と前記第2外側プライの第2の表面のそれぞれが、熱可塑性繊維より多い量のパルプ繊維を含むことを特徴とする、請求項8から請求項12までのいずれか1項に記載の多プライ布。
- 前記不織層の前記熱可塑性繊維が実質的に連続であることを特徴とする、上記請求項1から請求項13までのいずれか1項に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記内側プライの前記不織層が、約50重量%より多くの熱可塑性繊維を、好ましくは約90重量%より多くの熱可塑性繊維を含有することを特徴とする、上記請求項1から請求項14までのいずれか1項に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記内側プライの前記不織層が、さらに吸収性ステープル繊維を含有することを特徴とする、上記請求項1から請求項15までのいずれか1項に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記内側プライの前記不織層が、約50重量%より多くの吸収性ステープル繊維を、好ましくは約60重量%から約90重量%までの吸収性ステープル繊維を含有することを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記不織層の前記吸収性ステープル繊維がパルプ繊維であることを特徴とする、請求項16又は請求項17に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記不織層の前記吸収性ステープル繊維と前記熱可塑性繊維とが水圧交絡又はブレンドされることを特徴とする請求項16から請求項18までのいずれか1項に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
- 前記内側プライの前記不織層が1平方メートル当たり約10から約200グラムまでの坪量をもつ、上記請求項1から請求項19までのいずれか1項に記載の方法又は多プライ布。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102787504A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
WO2005068178A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
CA2550571C (en) | 2012-11-06 |
EP1697121A1 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
RU2006122606A (ru) | 2008-01-27 |
IL175546A0 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
CN102787504B (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
BRPI0417960B1 (pt) | 2015-05-19 |
RU2353523C2 (ru) | 2009-04-27 |
ZA200604057B (en) | 2007-10-31 |
CN1898080A (zh) | 2007-01-17 |
BRPI0417960A (pt) | 2007-03-27 |
US7645353B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
CA2550571A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
US20050136778A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
CR8430A (es) | 2006-11-23 |
KR20060111601A (ko) | 2006-10-27 |
ES2472266T3 (es) | 2014-06-30 |
JP5068538B2 (ja) | 2012-11-07 |
AU2004314111A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
EP1697121B1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
AU2004314111B2 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
KR101200203B1 (ko) | 2012-11-09 |
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