CN108660610A - 一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,属于擦拭布技术领域。本发明采用毛细管细、数量多,能够显著增强织物的毛细芯吸效应,进而改善织物的透气性能和导湿性能的细旦涤纶长丝结合木棉纤维、杨树绒纤维具有的纵向呈圆柱形,表面光滑,柔软而富有光泽,横截面为圆形或椭圆形,中空,呈现出薄壁大中空的结构特点,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,开松后梳理成网,制成中空度高,细度较细,芯吸效应明显,吸湿平衡时间短,而且导湿快,纤维表面含有脂蜡质,具有抗浸润性能,纤维的蓬松性能和弹性恢复性能好的单层纤网,再与单层耐磨纤网复合,通过水刺整理后再用超生波复合技术粘合单层吸湿纤网与单层耐磨纤网。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,属于擦拭布技术领域。
背景技术
近几十年来,擦拭布市场发生了巨大的变革。非织造擦拭布,价廉物美、方便携带、功能性、产品形式多样,已开始逐渐替代传统擦拭布。市场上主要集中在生活消费类擦拭布和工业擦拭布这两大方向。随着非织造工艺的完善以及原材料的不断丰富,非织造擦拭布将不断拓宽其应用领域。
非织造擦拭布按用途可分为生活消费类擦拭布和产业用擦拭布;按加工方式可分为针刺擦拭布、水刺擦拭布、化学粘合擦拭布、热粘合擦拭布、溶喷擦拭布、纺粘擦拭布等;按厚薄可分为厚型擦拭布、薄型擦拭布和超薄型擦拭布;按使用次数可以分为耐久型擦拭布和用即弃擦拭布。
其常见的产品主要包括婴儿用擦拭布,湿巾,家用、医用擦拭布,电子产品、精密仪器清洁布等。非织造擦拭布应具备以下性能要求特性以满足最终用途:(1)良好的柔软性。擦拭布在使用过程中,对一些髙精密仪器、电子产品的擦拭不能在其表面留下擦痕,以免损害仪器,故要具有一定标准的柔软性。同时,为使擦拭方便使用,也需要一定的柔软性。(2)较强的耐磨性。擦拭布不应轻易被磨损。(3)具有较大的强力。在擦拭过程中有一定的力施加在擦拭布上,为保证擦拭布的不变形,因此要具有一定的强力。(4)较高的吸水性。吸水是擦拭布的重要性能之一,吸水性越好,其应用价值就越大。大部分污渍为液态,要求擦拭布有高的吸水性。而当干态污渍不易擦去,擦拭过程常须加水清除,同样要求擦拭布具有高的吸水性。
在美国、日本、欧洲等国家,非织造产业比较普及,市场比较成熟和完善。对非织造擦拭布的研究与开发的技术处于世界领先旳地位。他们不但致力于开发高性能擦拭布,同时也洞察到了绿色擦拭布巨大的市场潜力。
德国科德宝公司采用针刺加固的方法,对粘胶与漆给混纺的擦拭布进行亲水涂层和开孔整理,制备手感柔软,吸水能力强的擦拭材料。其公司的另一款产品,利用水刺的加固方式结合亲水后整理,开发由漆纶锦纶超细纤维制备的非织造擦拭产品,吸水性好、强力大。
奥地利兰精公司和美国慧好公司一起研发的TencelWeb,由可再生的木浆纤维通过纺丝成网和热熔加固技术加工制得,可以替代化学纤维,生产轻薄的可降解的绿色非织造布。其潜在用途包括一些特种擦拭布、卫生以及医用擦拭布。
日本可乐丽公司开发出几款由超细纤维制备的擦拭产品。以维纶为原料利用水刺打击作用,使纤维发生原纤化,或是以双组分纤维为原料,使之在水刺作用下发生分裂。此类产品强力高、耐磨、且手感柔软,吸水率可达自重的8倍。
芬兰奥斯龙公司生产的擦拭布将环保作为其产品的概念,采用可再生和可降解的木装纤维,制备了一种3层结构的非织造擦拭布。上下两层为纺粘法制备的纤网,中间层为木浆纤维。
目前非织造擦拭布主要有以下两个发展方向:第一,开发功能化和高附加值的非织造擦拭布、印花擦拭布等,从而满足不同人群、不同领域的需求。第二,生态化。目前大量的非织造材料属于用即弃产品,绝大部分釆用合成纤维作为原料,丰富的产品满足了消费者各方面的需求,但随之而来的废弃品却带来了生态环境方面的问题。大量采用可再生资源作为原料已经成为非织造领域体现技术水平和方向的标志,天然材料,如木浆纤维、麻纤维、聚乳酸酯合成纤维、无硫脱脂棉纤维等的应用,将给非织造领域带来巨大的变革。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对现有非织造擦拭布反复擦拭过程中不耐磨、易使布面掉毛掉绒,影响擦拭效果问题,提供了一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,具体制备步骤为:
(1)取木棉纤维、细旦涤纶长丝、杨树绒纤维水洗后微波加热,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,并送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,得单层吸湿纤网;
(2)取尼龙纤维、涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,得单层耐磨纤网;
(3)将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中水刺,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
步骤(1)所述木棉纤维、细旦涤纶长丝、杨树绒纤维的重量份为60~75份木棉纤维,30~50份细旦涤纶长丝,80~100份杨树绒纤维。
步骤(1)所述单层吸湿纤网面密度为60~80g/m2。
步骤(2)所述尼龙纤维、涤纶短纤的重量份为50~60份尼龙纤维,40~50份涤纶短纤。
步骤(2)所述单层耐磨纤网面密度为50~60g/m2。
步骤(3)所述水刺过程为经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为1~2m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.0~2.5MPa,正面水刺压力为5.5~10.5MPa。
本发明与其他方法相比,有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明采用毛细管细、数量多,能够显著增强织物的毛细芯吸效应,进而改善织物的透气性能和导湿性能的细旦涤纶长丝结合木棉纤维、杨树绒纤维具有的纵向呈圆柱形,表面光滑,柔软而富有光泽,横截面为圆形或椭圆形,中空,呈现出薄壁大中空的结构特点,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,开松后梳理成网,制成中空度高,细度较细,芯吸效应明显,吸湿平衡时间短,而且导湿快,纤维表面含有脂蜡质,具有抗浸润性能,纤维的蓬松性能和弹性恢复性能好的单层纤网,再与单层耐磨纤网复合,通过水刺整理后再用超生波复合技术粘合单层吸湿纤网与单层耐磨纤网;
(2)本发明通过超声波能量直接传递到纤维网内部,能量损失较少,可任意设计粘合点位置和粘合面积,且不会产生类似针刺复合、水刺复合的孔洞,制成的擦拭布具有良好的吸水吸油性、较好的柔软性,解决普通擦布在擦拭过程中经常出现的掉屑、刮伤物体表面和擦拭后留有水痕问题,产品耐磨性好、擦拭效果好,其生产工艺容易操作和控制,成本较低,易于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
取60~75g木棉纤维,30~50g细旦涤纶长丝,80~100g杨树绒纤维,分别用去离子水洗涤2~3次,并以200~300W微波加热干燥30~40min后通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为60~80g/m2,得单层吸湿纤网,取50~60g尼龙纤维,40~50g涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为50~60g/m2,得单层耐磨纤网,将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中,经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为1~2m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.0~2.5MPa,正面水刺压力为5.5~10.5MPa,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
实例1
取60g木棉纤维,30g细旦涤纶长丝,80g杨树绒纤维,分别用去离子水洗涤2次,并以200W微波加热干燥30min后通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为60g/m2,得单层吸湿纤网,取50g尼龙纤维,40g涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为50g/m2,得单层耐磨纤网,将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中,经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为1m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.0MPa,正面水刺压力为5.5MPa,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
实例2
取70g木棉纤维,40g细旦涤纶长丝,90g杨树绒纤维,分别用去离子水洗涤2次,并以250W微波加热干燥35min后通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为70g/m2,得单层吸湿纤网,取55g尼龙纤维,45g涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为55g/m2,得单层耐磨纤网,将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中,经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为1m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.2MPa,正面水刺压力为8.5MPa,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
实例3
取75g木棉纤维,50g细旦涤纶长丝,100g杨树绒纤维,分别用去离子水洗涤3次,并以300W微波加热干燥40min后通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为80g/m2,得单层吸湿纤网,取60g尼龙纤维,50g涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,控制纤维网面密度为60g/m2,得单层耐磨纤网,将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中,经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为2m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.5MPa,正面水刺压力为10.5MPa,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
对照例:上海某公司生产的擦拭布。
将实例及对照例的擦拭布进行检测,具体检测如下:
厚度:参照标准ASTM D1777测试非织造材料的厚度。采用的压脚直径2.54cm,压力块的质量为45g。将被测样品放在基准板上,压脚慢慢下降直至接触到试样表面,两块板之间的垂直距离为厚度值。
摩擦性能:测试根据ASTM 3884和ASTM 4966。采用双头圆盘测试方法进行试样间摩擦性能的比较。用摩擦次数作为耐摩擦性能的表征。
吸水性:参照修正后的测试标准INDA IST 10.2进行测试。采用2分钟悬挂晾干称重法,计算得到试样的吸水率,用于试样吸水性能的比较。吸水率公式计算得到。
具体检测结果如表1。
表1性能表征对比表
检测项目 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 对照例 |
厚度/mm | 1.60 | 1.65 | 1.80 | 0.70 |
摩擦次数 | 123 | 121 | 130 | 80 |
吸水率/% | 650 | 643 | 600 | 412 |
由表1可知,本发明制备的擦拭布具有良好的摩擦性能和吸水率。
Claims (6)
1.一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体制备步骤为:
(1)取木棉纤维、细旦涤纶长丝、杨树绒纤维水洗后微波加热,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,并送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,得单层吸湿纤网;
(2)取尼龙纤维、涤纶短纤,通过多层平铺混合进行配料,将混合后的配料送入开松机中开松,通过梳棉机梳理后铺网,得单层耐磨纤网;
(3)将单层吸湿纤网平铺在单层耐磨纤网上,并送入水刺机中水刺,再转入超声波缝合机中缝合,得擦拭布用非织造材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述木棉纤维、细旦涤纶长丝、杨树绒纤维的重量份为60~75份木棉纤维,30~50份细旦涤纶长丝,80~100份杨树绒纤维。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述单层吸湿纤网面密度为60~80g/m2。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述尼龙纤维、涤纶短纤的重量份为50~60份尼龙纤维,40~50份涤纶短纤。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述单层耐磨纤网面密度为50~60g/m2。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种擦拭布用非织造材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述水刺过程为经1道预湿、5道正面水刺,设置输网帘速度为1~2m/min,1道预湿水刺压力为2.0~2.5MPa,正面水刺压力为5.5~10.5MPa。
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