JP2007220409A - リチウムイオン電池およびそれを用いた組電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池およびそれを用いた組電池 Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 8
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009783 overcharge test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- OPXJEFFTWKGCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical group [Ni].[Ni].[Cu] OPXJEFFTWKGCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015915 LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100513612 Microdochium nivale MnCO gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910003174 MnOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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Abstract
【解決手段】 リチウムイオン電池1は、正極端子2と負極端子3が同一方向に引き出された電池要素をラミネートフィルム外装体で外装し、ラミネートフィルム外装体の周縁部6および正極端子2と負極端子3の間4を熱融着し、周縁部6に安全弁機構5を有する。また組電池はリチウムイオン電池の正極端子と負極端子の間に耐熱および絶縁性のブロックを配置する。
【選択図】 図1
Description
本発明に用いられる正極活物質であるマンガン酸リチウムは、金属Li対極で4V付近にプラトーを有する組成式Li1+xMn2-x-yMyO4-z(0.03≦x≦0.16、0≦y≦0.1、−0.1≦z≦0.1、M=Mg,Al,Ti,Co,Niから選ばれる1種以上)が好ましい。マンガン酸リチウムの粒子形状は塊状・球状・板状その他、特に限定されず、粒径・比表面積も正極膜厚・正極の電極密度・バインダー種などを考慮して適宜選択する範囲で構わないが、エネルギー密度を高く保つために、集電体金属箔を除去した部分の正極電極密度が2.8g/cc以上となるような粒子形状・粒度分布・平均粒径・比表面積・真密度が望ましい。また、正極活物質、バインダー、導電性付与剤などにより構成される正極合剤のうち、正極活物質が占める重量比率が80%以上となるような粒子形状・粒度分布・平均粒径・比表面積・真密度が望ましい。
正極活物質としてマンガン酸リチウムを使用し、これと導電性付与剤を乾式混合し、バインダーであるPVdFを溶解させたN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)中に均一に分散させスラリーを作製する。そのスラリーを厚さ20μmのアルミニウム金属箔上に塗布後、NMPを蒸発させることにより正極シートを作製する。正極中の固形分比率は重量パーセントで、マンガン酸リチウム:導電性付与剤:PVdF=90:6:4とする。その正極シートを、幅55mm、高さ100mm、未塗布部のアルミニウム金属箔を電流取り出し用に幅10mm、高さ15mmの形状に打ち抜く。
次に組電池の作製について図面を参照して説明する。図2は本発明の第2の実施の形態によるブロックを設けた組電池を説明する図であり、図2(a)は正面図、図2(b)は平面図、図2(c)は側面図である。図3は本発明の第3の実施の形態によるブロックを設けた組電池を説明する側面図である。図4は本発明の実施の形態によるリチウムイオン電池を接続した組電池を説明する正面図であり、図4(a)は第1の実施の形態によるリチウムイオン電池を用いた組電池、図4(b)は第2の実施の形態による組電池である。
正極にマンガン酸リチウムを使用して作製したラミネートフィルム外装のリチウムイオン電池1は、図1に示すように、安全弁機構5を備えており、また正極端子2と負極端子3の間4に熱融着を行っている。このリチウムイオン電池1を重ね合わせるように組み、リチウムイオン電池間の接続にはニッケル−銅−ニッケル構造のクラッド材からなる導電部材8を使用して作製した8個直列接続の組電池7を図4(a)に示す。この様にして作製した組電池の上下を、厚さ2mmのアルミニウム板で組電池7に圧力がかからないように定寸にて挟んで固定した。
実施例1に記載のリチウムイオン電池1に代えて周縁部に熱融着を行い正極端子2と負極端子3の間に追加の熱融着を行わない従来のリチウムイオン電池11を用い、8個直列接続したそれぞれのリチウムイオン電池11のそれぞれの正極端子と負極端子の間にポリカーボネート製の正極端子と負極端子の間の熱融着されていない部分の2/3の断面積をもつ直方体からなる耐熱および絶縁性のブロック9を配置した以外は実施例1と同様にして、図4(b)に示すように8個直列接続の組電池を作製した。
正極にマンガン酸リチウムと組成式LiNi0.8Co0.2O2のニッケル酸リチウムを重量比で8:2にて混合した以外は実施例1と同様にして8個直列接続の組電池を作製した。
正極端子と負極端子の間に追加の熱融着を行わない従来のリチウムイオン電池11を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして8個直列接続の組電池を作製した。
正極にコバルト酸リチウムを使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして8個直列接続の組電池を作製した。
これら8個直列接続の組電池に1Cの電流値で、72Vの過充電試験を行った。8個直列接続の組電池であるため、単純には1セルあたり9Vの電圧がかかることになるが、各セルのインピーダンスの差や過充電による発熱および蓄熱度合いの違いにより、9V以上になるセルも発生する。過充電試験結果を表1に示す。
2 正極端子
3 負極端子
4 正極端子と負極端子の間
5 安全弁機構
6 周縁部
7 組電池
8 導電部材
9 耐熱および絶縁性ブロック
Claims (5)
- 正極端子と負極端子が同一方向に引き出された電池要素をラミネートフィルム外装体で外装し、前記ラミネートフィルム外装体の周縁部を熱融着するとともに、前記正極端子と負極端子の間を他の周縁部より幅広に熱融着し、前記他の周縁部に安全弁機構を有することを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。
- 請求項1記載のリチウムイオン電池を複数個直列および/または並列接続して構成する組電池。
- 正極端子と負極端子が同一方向に引き出された電池要素をラミネートフィルム外装体で外装し、前記ラミネートフィルム外装体の周縁部を熱融着し、前記正極端子と前記負極端子の無い辺の前記周縁部に安全弁機構を有するリチウムイオン電池を複数個直列および/または並列接続して構成する組電池において前記正極端子と前記負極端子の間に耐熱および絶縁性のブロックを配置したことを特徴とする組電池。
- 前記リチウムイオン電池の正極活物質が、組成式Li1+xMn2-x-yMyO4-z(0.03≦x≦0.16、0≦y≦0.1、−0.1≦z≦0.1、M=Mg,Al,Ti,Co,Niから選ばれる1種以上)を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池。
- 前記リチウムイオン電池の正極活物質が、組成式Li1+xMn2-x-yMyO4-z(0.03≦x≦0.16、0≦y≦0.1、−0.1≦z≦0.1、M=Mg,Al,Ti,Co,Niから選ばれる1種以上)を含むことを特徴とする請求項2または3のいずれか1項に記載の組電池。
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JP2006037903A JP4977375B2 (ja) | 2006-02-15 | 2006-02-15 | リチウムイオン電池およびそれを用いた組電池 |
US11/674,807 US8617731B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-14 | Film-covered battery and assembled battery |
CN2007100059630A CN101030634B (zh) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-15 | 用膜外装的电池以及使用所述电池的电池组 |
US14/051,542 US20140038002A1 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2013-10-11 | Film-covered battery and assembled battery |
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JP2014192052A (ja) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Gs Yuasa Corp | 蓄電素子及び蓄電装置 |
JP2014211994A (ja) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-11-13 | 日新電機株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス |
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Also Published As
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US20070190402A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
CN101030634A (zh) | 2007-09-05 |
JP4977375B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
US8617731B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
US20140038002A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
CN101030634B (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
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