JP2006522257A - 排気ガスの後処理用の装置及び方法 - Google Patents
排気ガスの後処理用の装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/25—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ammonia generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/36—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for adding fluids other than exhaust gas to the recirculation passage; with reformers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
2NO + O2 → 2NO2 (Pt触媒)
4NO2 + O2 + 2BaCO3 → 2Ba(NO3)2 + 2CO2
過濃排気ガス条件の下では、二酸化窒素が、貯蔵体から再び脱着されて排気ガス中に存在する一酸化炭素と直接反応し、窒素ガスを形成する。
2Ba(NO3)2 + 2CO2 → 4NO2 + O2 +2BaCO3
2NO2 + 4CO → 4CO2 + N2 (Pt、Rh−触媒)
Claims (13)
- 内燃機関の排気ライン(4)に直接配置され、炭化水素の水蒸気改質、部分酸化、及び/又はこれらの混合形態によって水素を生成する改質ユニット(1)と、少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータとを備え、前記改質に必要な水蒸気及び残留酸素を好ましくは排気ガスから得る自動車車載の排気ガス後処理装置において、
少なくとも1つの前記排気ガス触媒コンバータ、好ましくはNOX吸蔵触媒コンバータ(2)、が前記改質ユニット(1)の下流側の排気ライン(4)の中に配置され、この排気ガス触媒コンバータは、排気ガスがその触媒コンバータを通過する際に窒素酸化物を吸蔵することによって希薄排気ガスから窒素酸化物を除去し、還元性の排気ガスがその触媒コンバータを通過する際に吸蔵された窒素酸化物を還元してN2を生成し、
さらに別の少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータ、好ましくはSCR触媒コンバータ(3)、が前記NOX吸蔵触媒コンバータ(2)の下流側の排気ライン(4)の中に配置され、この排気ガス触媒コンバータは、前記NOX吸蔵触媒コンバータ(2)によって生成されたNH3を用いて排気ガスに含まれる窒素酸化物を還元する、
ことを特徴とする排気ガス後処理装置。 - 内燃機関の排気ライン(4)に直接配置され、炭化水素の水蒸気改質、部分酸化、及び/又はこれらの混合形態によって水素を生成する改質ユニット(1)と、少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータとを備え、前記改質に必要な水蒸気及び残留酸素を好ましくは排気ガスから得る自動車車載の排気ガス後処理装置において、
少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータ、好ましくはSCR触媒コンバータ(3)、が前記改質ユニット(1)の下流側の排気ライン(4)の中に配置され、この触媒コンバータは、排気ガスに含まれる窒素酸化物を窒素酸化物吸蔵触媒コンバータによって生成されたNH3を用いて還元し、
さらに別の少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータ、好ましくはNOX吸蔵触媒コンバータ(2)、が前記SCR触媒コンバータ(3)の下流側の排気ライン(4)の中に配置され、この排気ガス触媒コンバータは、排気ガスがその触媒コンバータを通過する際に窒素酸化物を吸蔵することによって希薄排気ガスから窒素酸化物を除去し、還元性の排気ガスがその触媒コンバータを通過する際に吸蔵された窒素酸化物を還元してN2を生成する、
ことを特徴とする排気ガス後処理装置。 - 内燃機関の排気ライン(4)に直接配置され、炭化水素の水蒸気改質、部分酸化、及び/又はこれらの混合形態によって水素を生成する改質ユニット(1)と、少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータとを備え、前記改質に必要な水蒸気及び残留酸素を好ましくは排気ガスから得る自動車車載の排気ガス後処理装置において、
少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータが前記改質ユニット(1)の下流側の排気ライン(4)の中に配置され、前記排気ガス触媒コンバータはNOX吸蔵及びSCR触媒コンバータ(6)の機能を有することを特徴とする排気ガス後処理装置。 - 酸化触媒コンバータが、排気ガス触媒コンバータ群の最下流側に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス後処理装置。
- 三元触媒コンバータ(7)が、排気ガス流れ方向から見て前記改質ユニット(1)のすぐ下流側に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス後処理装置。
- 内燃機関の排気ライン(4)に直接配置され、炭化水素の水蒸気改質、部分酸化、及び/又はこれらの混合形態によって水素を生成する改質ユニット(1)と、少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータとを備え、前記改質に必要な水蒸気及び残留酸素を好ましくは排気ガスから得る自動車車載の排気ガス後処理装置において、
好ましくはDENOX触媒コンバータ(8)である少なくとも1つの排気ガス触媒コンバータが、前記改質ユニット(1)の下流側の排気ライン(4)に配置されることを特徴とする排気ガス後処理装置。 - 前記DENOX触媒コンバータ(8)の上流側又は下流側に、NOX吸蔵触媒コンバータ(2)が配置されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排気ガス後処理装置。
- 排気ガスの再循環ラインが前記改質ユニット(1)の下流側から引き出されることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス後処理装置。
- 前記改質ユニット(1)は、触媒活性な粒子状物質フィルターで構成されることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス後処理装置。
- 水素を利用する触媒コンバータを用い、
窒素酸化物の還元に必要な水素を、炭化水素の水蒸気改質、部分酸化、及び/又はこれらの混合形態によって自動車の車内で生成し、
改質に必要な水蒸気及び残留酸素を排気ガスから得て、
自動車の排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を還元する請求項1、2、3、あるいは6のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス後処理装置の運転方法において、
前記改質が、内燃機関の排気ライン(4)の中で直接行われることを特徴とする運転方法。 - 前記改質ユニット(1)の温度が空気過剰率によって設定され、排気ガス中の現時点の酸素濃度が広帯域ラムダセンサーを用いて測定されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の運転方法。
- 前記改質ユニット(1)が、約0.5<λ<1.0の範囲の空気過剰率で作動することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の運転方法。
- 前記改質ユニット(1)に供給される燃料量の設定が、エンジン内部で行われるか、2次噴射(5)によって行われるか、及び/又はこれら2つの組み合わせによって行われることを特徴とする請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の運転方法。
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2003
- 2003-04-05 DE DE10315593A patent/DE10315593B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-25 JP JP2006504462A patent/JP2006522257A/ja active Pending
- 2004-02-25 US US10/552,263 patent/US8181445B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-25 WO PCT/EP2004/001824 patent/WO2004090296A1/de active Application Filing
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JP2009501078A (ja) * | 2005-07-12 | 2009-01-15 | エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | 窒素酸化物の吸蔵還元触媒を硫黄被毒から保護するための改良硫黄酸化物/窒素酸化物トラップシステムおよび方法 |
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JP2009540189A (ja) * | 2006-06-06 | 2009-11-19 | イートン コーポレーション | 改良型のハイブリッドnox防止用システム |
JP2015027673A (ja) * | 2007-04-26 | 2015-02-12 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニーJohnson Matthey Publiclimited Company | 遷移金属/ゼオライトscr触媒 |
US11478748B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2022-10-25 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalysts |
JP2010209905A (ja) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-24 | Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | 窒素酸化物低減触媒及びこれを利用した排気装置 |
CN102741515A (zh) * | 2010-03-15 | 2012-10-17 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 内燃机排气净化装置 |
JP2015507454A (ja) * | 2011-10-04 | 2015-03-05 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 排気システム用熱電モジュール |
JP2013096346A (ja) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-20 | Hino Motors Ltd | 排ガス浄化装置 |
JP2014171950A (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-22 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 炭化水素化合物類のオートサーマル改質触媒およびその製造方法 |
JP2016200124A (ja) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-12-01 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE102018215214A1 (de) | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | Bosch Corporation | Diagnosevorrichtung und Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für Verbrennungsmotoren |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10315593B4 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
DE10315593A1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
US8181445B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
US20070028601A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
WO2004090296A1 (de) | 2004-10-21 |
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