JP2002504231A - 中性子駆動元素変換器 - Google Patents
中性子駆動元素変換器Info
- Publication number
- JP2002504231A JP2002504231A JP50362099A JP50362099A JP2002504231A JP 2002504231 A JP2002504231 A JP 2002504231A JP 50362099 A JP50362099 A JP 50362099A JP 50362099 A JP50362099 A JP 50362099A JP 2002504231 A JP2002504231 A JP 2002504231A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- neutron
- neutron flux
- source
- isotope
- exposure method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- G21G1/04—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside nuclear reactors or particle accelerators
- G21G1/06—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside nuclear reactors or particle accelerators by neutron irradiation
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.材料を中性子束により被爆する方法であって、 前記材料は、中性子線源を囲繞する中性子拡散媒体に散在しており、 前記拡散媒体は、実質的に中性子に対して透過性であるとともに記拡散媒体内 での中性子散乱が材料を曝す前記線源から放出される前記中性子束を実質的にエ ンハンスするように、配列されている 中性子束による被爆方法。 2.前記拡散媒体によって占有されている、中性子線源と前記被爆材料との間の 距離が、前記拡散媒体内での弾性中性子散乱に対する拡散係数(D)より少なくと も1桁大きく構成されている 請求項1に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 3.前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の少なくとも一部は、重元素から成り 、前記線源から放出された中性子のエネルギーが多重弾性中性子衝突によってゆ っくり低下される 請求項1または請求項2のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 4.前記拡散媒体は、前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の一部を囲繞する中 性子減速材をさらに備えている 請求項3に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 5.前記被爆材料を含まない前記重元素から成る前記拡散媒体の領域が、前記減 速材と前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の一部との間に位置する 請求項4に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 6.前記減速材が炭素あるいは重水素物の水から成る 請求項4または請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 7.前記重元素が鉛及び/又はビスマスである 請求項3から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 8.前記中性子線源が高エネルギー荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃される鉛及び/ 又はビスマス媒体の中央領域から成り、破砕によって中性子を生成する 請求項7に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 9.前記中央領域の鉛及び/又はビスマスは液体相であり、熱変換器および任意 のヒーターを含む回路(13-15)に沿って自然対流によって循環する 請求項8に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 10.前記中性子線源が、荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃されるベリリウムあるい はリチウムのターゲットから成る 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 11.前記中性子線源が放射性線源である 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 12.前記中性子線源が、高エネルギー荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃される破砕 ターゲットから成る 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 13.前記中性子線源が、高速中性子が漏れてくる臨界高速増殖炉のコアである 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 14.前記中性子線源が、破砕ターゲットおよび核燃料材料を備えたエネルギー 増幅コアであり、燃料材料の増殖可能元素からの核分裂性元素の増殖および核分 裂性元素の核分裂の準臨界過程を始動する高エネルギー中性子を生成するために 、前記破砕ターゲットを高エネルギー荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃し、高速中性 子が前記エネルギー増幅コアから前記拡散媒体へ漏れていく 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 15.前記核燃料材料が、配列されるアクチニドを含む核分裂性元素をさらに備 えている 請求項14に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 16.鉛及び/又はビスマスが前記破砕ターゲットおよび前記中性子拡散媒体の 双方を構成し、前記鉛及び/又はビスマスの一部は液体相であり、冷却回路に沿 って循環してエネルギー増幅コアからの熱を抽出する 請求項14または請求項15のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 17.有用な同位元素を生成する方法であって、 第一同位元素を含む材料を中性子束に被爆させることによって前記第一同位元 素を変換する段階を備え、 前記材料は、中性子線源を囲繞する中性子拡散媒体内に散在されており、 前記拡散媒体は、実質的に中性子に対して透過性であるとともに前記拡散媒体 内での中性子散乱が材料を曝す前記線源から放出される前記中性子束を実質的に エンハンスするように、配列されており、 さらに、前記有用な元素を前記被爆材料から回収する段階を備えている 有用な同位元素を生成する方法。 18.前記線源から放出された中性子のエネルギーが多重弾性中性子衝突によっ てゆっくり低下されるように、前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の少なくと も一部は、重元素から成る 請求項17に記載の有用な同位元素を生成する方法。 19.前記拡散媒体は、前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の一部を囲繞する 中性子減速材をさらに備えている 請求項18に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 20.前記被爆材料を含まない前記重元素から成る前記拡散媒体の領域が、前記 減速材と前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散媒体の一部との間に位置する 請求項19に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 21.前記減速材が炭素あるいは重水素物の水から成る 請求項19または請求項20のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 22.前記減速材が炭素から成り、5cmから10cmの程度の厚さ(Δr)を有する 請求項21に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 23.前記重元素が鉛及び/又はビスマスである 請求項18から請求項22のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 24.前記中性子線源が、破砕によって中性子を生成するために高エネルギー荷 電粒子ビームによって衝撃される鉛及び/又はビスマス媒体の中央領域から成る 請求項23に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 25.前記中央領域の鉛及び/又は、ビスマスは液体相であり、熱変換器および 任意のヒーターを含む回路(13-15)に沿って自然対流によって循環する 請求項24に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 26.前記中性子線源が、荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃されるベリリウムあるい はリチウムのターゲットから成る 請求項17から請求項23のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 27.前記中性子線源が放射性線源である 請求項17から請求項23のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 28.前記中性子線源が、高エネルギー荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃される破砕 ターゲットから成る 請求項17から請求項23のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 29.前記被爆材料が、中性子束から中性子を捕獲することによって有用な放射 性同位元素128Iを生成する127Iを前記第一同位元素として備えている 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 30.前記被爆材料が、中性子照射の後、患者に投与されるヨウ素化合物である 請求項29に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 31.前記被爆材料が、前記有用な放射性同位元素の99aTcに崩壊する99Moを中 性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する98Moを前記第一同位元素と して備えている 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 32.前記被爆材料がリンモリブデン錯体塩を備えており、該リンモリブデン錯 体塩は、中性子照射後に、99Moの主要な一部の崩壊の後に99aTcが抽出されるア ルミナマトリックスに吸収されるものである 請求項31に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 33.前記被爆材料が、前記有用な放射性同位元素の131Iに崩壊する131Teを中 性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する130Teを前記第一同位元素 として備えている 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 34.前記被爆材料が、ヨウ素含有物を蒸発するために中性子照射の後に溶融さ れる金属テルルを備えている 請求項33に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 35.前記被爆材料が、中性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって核分裂片 を生成する核分裂性元素を前記第一同位元素として備え、前記有用な同位元素が 前記核分裂性片から抽出された放射性同位元素である 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 36.前記被爆材料が、前記有用な放射性同位元素の125Iに崩壊する125Xeを中 性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する124Xeを前記第一同位元素 として備えている 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 37.前記被爆材料が半導体材料を備え、前記有用な同位元素は前記半導体材料 の第一の同位元素による中性子捕獲で得られるドーピング不純物であって前記半 導体内に存在している 請求項17から請求項28のいずれか一項に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 38.前記半導体材料が、電子供与体ドーピング不純物として31Pに崩壊する3Si を中性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する30Siを前記第一同位元 素として有するシリコンから成る 請求項37に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 39.前記半導体材料が、電子受容体ドーピング不純物として71Gaに崩壊する71 Geを中性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する70Geを前記第一同位 元素として有し、かつ、電子供与体ドーピング不純物として75Asに崩壊する75Ge を少量中性子束からの中性子を捕獲することによって生成する74Geを有するゲル マニウムから成る 請求項37に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 40.長寿命同位元素を含む材料を中性子束に被爆させることによって放射性廃 棄物の少なくともひとつの長寿命同位元素に変換する方法であって、 前記材料は、中性子線源を囲繞する中性子拡散媒体に散在しており、 前記拡散媒体は、実質的に中性子に対して透過性であってかつ前記拡散媒体内 の中性子散乱が材料を曝す前記線源から放出される前記中性子束を実質的にエン ハンスするように、配置されているとともに、前記被爆材料が散在した前記拡散 媒体の少なくとも一部は、重元素から成り、前記線源から放出された中性子のエ ネルギーが多重弾性中性子衝突によってゆっくり低下される 長寿命同位元素に変換する方法。 41.前記重元素が鉛及び/又はビスマスである 請求項40に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 42.前記変換された同位元素が99Tcを含む 請求項40または請求項41のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する 方法。 43.前記変換された同位元素が129Iを含む 請求項40から請求項42のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する方 法。 44.前記変換された同位元素が79Seを含む 請求項40から請求項43のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する方 法。 45.前記中性子線源が、高速中性子が漏れれてくる臨界高速増殖炉のコアであ る 請求項40から請求項44のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する方 法。 46.前記中性子線源は破砕ターゲットおよび核燃料材料を備えたエネルギー増 幅コアであり、前記破砕ターゲットを、燃料材料の増殖可能元素からの核分裂性 元素の増殖および核分裂性元素の核分裂の準臨界過程を始動する高エネルギー中 性子を生成するために、高エネルギー荷電粒子ビームによって衝撃し、高速中性 子が前記エネルギー増幅コアから前記拡散媒体へ漏れていく 請求項40から請求項44のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する方 法。 47.鉛及び/又はビスマスが前記破砕ターゲットおよび前記中性子拡散媒体の 双方を構成し、前記鉛及び/又はビスマスの一部は液体相であり、冷却回路に沿 って循環してエネルギー増幅コアからの熱を抽出する 請求項46に記載の中性子束による被爆方法。 48.前記核燃料材料が、配列されるアクチニドを含む核分裂性元素をさらに備 えている 請求項46から請求項47のいずれか一項に記載の長寿命同位元素に変換する方 法。
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Cited By (15)
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JP2010223940A (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | 放射性同位元素の製造方法及び装置 |
JP2010223937A (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | 放射性モリブデンの製造方法及び装置 |
JP2010223941A (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | 放射性同位元素の製造方法及び装置 |
JP2010223943A (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | 放射性同位元素の製造方法及び装置 |
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DE69735898T2 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
ATE326757T1 (de) | 2006-06-15 |
HUP0003714A3 (en) | 2004-05-28 |
NO996312D0 (no) | 1999-12-17 |
JP4317269B2 (ja) | 2009-08-19 |
SK166999A3 (en) | 2000-07-11 |
PL337441A1 (en) | 2000-08-14 |
CZ298765B6 (cs) | 2008-01-23 |
DE69735898D1 (de) | 2006-06-22 |
BG63789B1 (bg) | 2002-12-29 |
NO326221B1 (no) | 2008-10-20 |
CA2294063A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
PL185508B1 (pl) | 2003-05-30 |
NO996312L (no) | 2000-02-08 |
WO1998059347A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
ES2264804T3 (es) | 2007-01-16 |
EP0990238B1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
PT990238E (pt) | 2006-10-31 |
US7796720B1 (en) | 2010-09-14 |
US8090072B2 (en) | 2012-01-03 |
AU3435297A (en) | 1999-01-04 |
SK286044B6 (sk) | 2008-01-07 |
HUP0003714A2 (hu) | 2001-02-28 |
CZ452099A3 (cs) | 2000-06-14 |
HU226446B1 (en) | 2008-12-29 |
US20050082469A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP0990238A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
BG103954A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
CA2294063C (en) | 2007-03-27 |
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