JP2001522914A - グラフトポリマー膜及びこれから作られたイオン交換膜 - Google Patents
グラフトポリマー膜及びこれから作られたイオン交換膜Info
- Publication number
- JP2001522914A JP2001522914A JP2000520500A JP2000520500A JP2001522914A JP 2001522914 A JP2001522914 A JP 2001522914A JP 2000520500 A JP2000520500 A JP 2000520500A JP 2000520500 A JP2000520500 A JP 2000520500A JP 2001522914 A JP2001522914 A JP 2001522914A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ion
- group
- membrane
- exchange membrane
- graft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004970 halomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims 1
- SUTQSIHGGHVXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2-trifluoroethenylbenzene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 SUTQSIHGGHVXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- FLXPCPOVRUQHDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(F)=C(F)F)=CC=CC2=C1 FLXPCPOVRUQHDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920006355 Tefzel Polymers 0.000 description 8
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005838 aromatic sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical group FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/12—Chemical modification
- C08J7/16—Chemical modification with polymerisable compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
- C08F255/023—On to modified polymers, e.g. chlorinated polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F259/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of halogen containing monomers as defined in group C08F14/00
- C08F259/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of halogen containing monomers as defined in group C08F14/00 on to polymers containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
- C08F291/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00 on to irradiated or oxidised macromolecules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C08J5/2237—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds containing fluorine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1067—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. in situ polymerisation or in situ crosslinking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1086—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
- H01M8/1088—Chemical modification, e.g. sulfonation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2327/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/967,960 US6359019B1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | Graft polymeric membranes and ion-exchange membranes formed therefrom |
| US08/967,960 | 1997-11-12 | ||
| PCT/CA1998/001041 WO1999024497A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1998-11-12 | Graft polymeric membranes and ion-exchange membranes formed therefrom |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001522914A true JP2001522914A (ja) | 2001-11-20 |
| JP2001522914A5 JP2001522914A5 (enExample) | 2006-01-12 |
Family
ID=25513529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000520500A Pending JP2001522914A (ja) | 1997-11-12 | 1998-11-12 | グラフトポリマー膜及びこれから作られたイオン交換膜 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6359019B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1034212B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2001522914A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE213006T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU733804B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2309631C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69803801T2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1999024497A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003522224A (ja) * | 2000-02-14 | 2003-07-22 | バラード パワー システムズ インコーポレイティド | グラフトポリマー膜およびグラフトポリマー膜から形成されるイオン交換膜 |
| JP3506213B2 (ja) | 1998-06-22 | 2004-03-15 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 高耐久性固体高分子電解質 |
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| EP1661198A2 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2006-05-31 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Membranes of fluorinated ionomer blended with nonionomeric fluoropolymers for electrochemical cells |
| JP4352878B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-28 | 2009-10-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | モノマー化合物、グラフト共重合化合物、及びそれらの製造方法、高分子電解質膜、並びに燃料電池 |
| US7606184B2 (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2009-10-20 | Tdk Corporation | Multiplexers employing bandpass-filter architectures |
| WO2006102670A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process to prepare stable trifluorostyrene containing compounds grafted to base polymers |
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| WO2006102672A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process to prepare stable trifluorostyrene containing compounds grafted to base polymers using an alcohol/water mixture |
| JP2006351244A (ja) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-28 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質膜及びその製造方法、並びに燃料電池 |
| US20080217182A1 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-11 | E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Electroplating process |
| FR2921517B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-26 | 2010-12-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Membranes conductrices de protons pour pile a combustible presentant un gradient de protons et procedes de preparation desdites membranes |
| US20110045381A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Hydrocarbon PEM Membranes with Perfluorosulfonic Acid Groups for Automotive Fuel Cells |
| KR102093443B1 (ko) | 2012-11-29 | 2020-03-25 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전기 흡착 탈이온 장치 및 이를 사용한 유체 처리 방법 |
| KR102092941B1 (ko) | 2013-06-12 | 2020-03-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전기 흡착 탈이온 장치 및 이를 사용한 유체 처리 방법 |
| KR102212322B1 (ko) | 2013-12-24 | 2021-02-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전기 흡착 탈이온 전극, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 포함한 전기흡착 탈이온 장치 |
| DE102018131928A1 (de) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Separator für elektrochemische Energiespeicher und Wandler |
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| US5049253A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1991-09-17 | Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode apparatus for dialysis |
| US5140074A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-08-18 | Himont Incorporated | Method of producing olefin polymer graft copolymers |
| NL9201564A (nl) * | 1992-09-09 | 1994-04-05 | Dsm Nv | Thermoplastische polymeersamenstelling. |
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| US5777038A (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 1998-07-07 | Sunstar Giken Kabushiki Kaisha | High dielectric graft copolymer |
| JPH09102322A (ja) | 1995-07-31 | 1997-04-15 | Imura Zairyo Kaihatsu Kenkyusho:Kk | 燃料電池用の固体高分子電解質膜およびその製造方法 |
| US5863994A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-01-26 | Montell North America Inc. | Using nitric oxide to reduce reactor fouling during polypropylene graft copolymerization |
-
1997
- 1997-11-12 US US08/967,960 patent/US6359019B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-11-12 WO PCT/CA1998/001041 patent/WO1999024497A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-12 CA CA002309631A patent/CA2309631C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-12 AU AU10176/99A patent/AU733804B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-12 DE DE69803801T patent/DE69803801T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-12 AT AT98952479T patent/ATE213006T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-12 JP JP2000520500A patent/JP2001522914A/ja active Pending
- 1998-11-12 EP EP98952479A patent/EP1034212B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3506213B2 (ja) | 1998-06-22 | 2004-03-15 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 高耐久性固体高分子電解質 |
| JP2003522224A (ja) * | 2000-02-14 | 2003-07-22 | バラード パワー システムズ インコーポレイティド | グラフトポリマー膜およびグラフトポリマー膜から形成されるイオン交換膜 |
| JP2007507560A (ja) * | 2003-09-29 | 2007-03-29 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | ベースポリマーにグラフト化されたトリフルオロスチレン含有化合物 |
| JP2007536391A (ja) * | 2004-05-07 | 2007-12-13 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | ベースポリマーにグラフトされた安定なトリフルオロスチレン含有化合物 |
| JP2007537306A (ja) * | 2004-05-07 | 2007-12-20 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 安定なトリフルオロスチレン含有化合物、および高分子電解質膜におけるそれらの使用 |
| JP4796055B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-07 | 2011-10-19 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | ベースポリマーにグラフトされた安定なトリフルオロスチレン含有化合物 |
| JP2010516853A (ja) * | 2007-01-26 | 2010-05-20 | イギリス国 | 陰イオン交換膜 |
| JP2008135399A (ja) * | 2008-01-07 | 2008-06-12 | Ube Ind Ltd | 電解質膜−電極接合体、燃料電池および電解質膜−電極接合体の製造方法 |
| US10784481B2 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2020-09-22 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2309631C (en) | 2004-01-20 |
| EP1034212A1 (en) | 2000-09-13 |
| WO1999024497A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| AU733804B2 (en) | 2001-05-24 |
| DE69803801T2 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
| ATE213006T1 (de) | 2002-02-15 |
| US6359019B1 (en) | 2002-03-19 |
| AU1017699A (en) | 1999-05-31 |
| EP1034212B1 (en) | 2002-02-06 |
| CA2309631A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| DE69803801D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
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