ITMI932688A1 - Formulazioni contenenti carotenoidi e procarotenoidi associati a polifenoli nella prevenzione dei danni da abnorme produzione di radicali liberi - Google Patents

Formulazioni contenenti carotenoidi e procarotenoidi associati a polifenoli nella prevenzione dei danni da abnorme produzione di radicali liberi Download PDF

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ITMI932688A1
ITMI932688A1 IT002688A ITMI932688A ITMI932688A1 IT MI932688 A1 ITMI932688 A1 IT MI932688A1 IT 002688 A IT002688 A IT 002688A IT MI932688 A ITMI932688 A IT MI932688A IT MI932688 A1 ITMI932688 A1 IT MI932688A1
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antioxidant
compositions according
polyphenols
lipophilic
carotenoids
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IT002688A
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Gabriele Fontana
Paolo Morazzoni
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Indena Spa
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Publication of ITMI932688A0 publication Critical patent/ITMI932688A0/it
Priority to IT93MI002688A priority Critical patent/IT1265312B1/it
Priority to CA002123739A priority patent/CA2123739C/en
Priority to AU63132/94A priority patent/AU677048B2/en
Priority to ES94107676T priority patent/ES2081781T3/es
Priority to DE69430109T priority patent/DE69430109T2/de
Priority to DE0659402T priority patent/DE659402T1/de
Priority to PT94107676T priority patent/PT659402E/pt
Priority to DK94107676T priority patent/DK0659402T3/da
Priority to AT94107676T priority patent/ATE214264T1/de
Priority to EP94107676A priority patent/EP0659402B1/en
Priority to KR1019940011104A priority patent/KR100342543B1/ko
Priority to FI942452A priority patent/FI942452A/fi
Priority to CN94106547A priority patent/CN1082369C/zh
Priority to JP12866194A priority patent/JP3604422B2/ja
Priority to US08/463,129 priority patent/US5648377A/en
Publication of ITMI932688A1 publication Critical patent/ITMI932688A1/it
Priority to GR960300007T priority patent/GR960300007T1/el
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Description

Descrizione dell'invenzione industriale avente per titolo: "FORMULAZIONI CONTENENTI CAROTENOIDI E PROCAROTENOIDI ASSO-CIATI A POLIFENOLI NELLA PREVENZIONE DEI DANNI DA ABNORME PRODUZIONE DI RADICALI LIBERI"
La presente invenzione riguarda nuove formulazioni ed associazioni di antiossidanti lipofili ed idrofili ed il loro uso in campo terapeutico, alimentare e cosmetico. Queste formulazioni hanno comebase l'impiego di carotenoidi, procarotenoidi (e loro derivati) e poliienoli a strutturacatechicao flavanolignanica.
E'ampiamente documentato in letteratura che l'assunzione di vitamina E, ?-carotene, licopene ed ubidecarenone (Coenzima Q 10) attraverso la dieta o in formulazioni farmaceutiche e nutrizionali riduce significativamnete l'incidenza di malattie cardiovascolari e inoltre sembra svolgere un ruolo importante nella prevenzione di alcuni timori. Per quanto concerne l'attivit? antiaterosclerotica dei carotenoidi, studi recenti sembrano identificare nella loro capacit? di prevenire l'ossidazione delle lipoproteine (interferendo quindi con il loro uptake vasaio), uno dei meccanismi pi? inportanti. I carotenoidi vengono infatti incorporati fisiologicamente nelle lipoproteine a bassa densit? (LDL) dove, prevenendo la loro ossidazione, si oppongono efficacemente al "primum movens" del danno aterosclerotico, che avviene soprattutto a carico del tessuto endoteliale [1-4].
I carotenoidi sono anche ritenuti buoni antiossidanti a livello cellulare ed inparticolare la loro funzione si esplica sulle cellule in attiva proliferazione nelle quali la frequenza di errore genico ? pi? elevata. Per quanto concerne la distribuzione tissutale e quindi la biodisponibilit? dei carotenoidi ? bennota la loro attivit?preventiva, dopo assunzione per via orale, nei confronti dei danni cutanei inputabili alle radiazioni ultra violette, noti agenti generatori di radicali dell'ossigeno, o sempre a livello periferico il loro ruolo sulle funzioni visive, ecc..
Le sostanze polifenoliche a struttura catechica di tipo dimerico ed oligomerico sono ampiamenteusate in terapia cardiavascolare ed incampo oftalmico per la loro favorevole azione sui vasi di grande e piccolo calibro. Questi polifenoli naturali, infatti, esplicano un?azione beneficamente modulatrice sulla fragilit? e sulla permeabilit? capillare oltre che sulla protezione degli endoteli. La letteratura recente ? concorde nel ritenere l'attivit? antiossidante un importante meccanismo alla base dell'effettobiologico di questi composti.
I flavanolignani, fra i quali la silimarina ed i suoi tre maggiori componenti silibina, silidianina e silicristina, sono caratterizzati dal possedere uno spiccato potere antiradicalare a livello epatico ed anche periferico, quando incorporati in formulazioni farmaceutiche opportune che ne garantiscano l'assorbimento a livello gastrointestinale. Cane da noi recentemente documentato, le sostanze polifenoliche estratte, per esempio, da Vitis vinifera, Camelia sinensis (Th? verde), Aesculus ippocastanum (Proantoc?anidina A2), Ginkgo biloba o da Cardus marianum, si sono dimostrate, oltre che potenti antiossidanti antiradicalari, anche potenti antimutageni [5].
Quest' ultima propriet? si esplica sia sulla rautagenesi spontanea che sulla metagenesi indotta da radiazioni ultraviolette o da prodotti induttori di mutazioni quali farmaci e inquinanti atmosferici.
I siti di azione delle sostanze polifenoliche sono molto diversi da quelli dei carotenoidi e loro analoghi per cui la contemporanea somministrazione di composti lipof ?li e idrofili porta ad un inaspettato e sorprendente vantaggio dal punto di vista biologico.
Carotenoidi quali la vitamina E, il ?-carotene, il lioopene, il coenzima Q10 e loro isomeri si sono dimostrati ottimi antiradicalari verso forme attivate dell'ossigeno sia nei test classici di perossidazione lipidica, quali per esenpio il sistema xantina-xantina ossidasi, sia in un modello molto selettivo da noi recentemente approntato e che prevede la perossidazione lipidica di un fosfolipide insaturo in mezzo acquoso ad opera di ultrasuoni. Negli stessi testa i polifenoli oggetto dell'invenzione si sono dimostrati parimenti o molto pi? attivi dei precedenti coeposti.
I risultati ottenuti in questi test inpiegando alcune sostanze polifenoliche e la Vitamine E ed il licopene, presi a modello di antiossidanti lipof ili, sono raccolti nelle Tabelle 1 e 2.
Tabella 1 - Attivit? scavenger nei confronti del radicale idrossilioo CH* - Fase induttiva.
Tabella 2 - Attivit? scavenger nei confronti dei radicali lipidici R*, R00*.Fase di propagazione.
Si ? sorprendentemente trovato, ed ? uno degli oggetti della presente invenzione, che l'associazione di un antiossidante idrofilo con uno lipofilo esplica un'azione antiossidante di gran lunga superiore a quella dei singoli cocnpoeti testati ad uguali concentrazioni (Tab. 2).
Questo dato ? stato confermato in un altro modello "in vitro" che prevede l'impiego di fibroblasti umani stimolati con zymosan e valutazione del processo peroesidativo mediante chemiluminescenza. L'associazione licopene e silimarina, per esenpio, ha dimostrato un effetto antiossidante sorprendentemente pi? marcato dei singoli componenti (Fig. 1) .
Gli stessi risultati sono stati ottenuti utilizzando altre associazioni di antiossidanti lipofili ( ubidecarenone , vitamina E) e antiossidanti idrofili (oligomeri estratti da Vitis vinifera) .
I risultati ottenuti nei modelli "in vitro" impiegando licopene puro hanno in seguito trovato conferma in modelli "in vivo" nei quali l' inpiego di associazioni tra antiossidanti lipofili ed antiossidanti idrofili ha portato ad un effettivo e inprevedibile miglioramento di danni sperimentali nei quali i radicali liberi giocano un ruolo importante .
Per un controllo di questo fenomeno, infatti, ? stato da noi scelto un modello di processo infiammatorio nel quale viene mpiegato un agente irritante (estere del forbolo) che innesca la per ossidazione lipidica a livello della membrana biologica e che conseguentemente si propaga attraverso una reazione radicalica a catena.
Nella Tabella 3 vengono riportati i dati dell'attivit? antiedemigena nel topo ottenuti con Bilimarina, silimarina associata ad una frazione lipofila ad elevato contenuto di licopene ( frazione preparata per estrazione esani ca di bucce essiccate di Lioopersicum aesculexitun) e la frazione cesi licopene. I dati sono espressi in percento di riduzione dell'edema misurato alla sesta ora dopo l ' induzione.
Tabella 3 - Attivit? anti-edemigena di silimarina, licopene e loro associazioni sull'edema da estere del forbolo nel topo.
Tutti i dati sopra riportati dimostrano che la combinazione di due antiossidanti di diversa polarit? aumenta di gran lunga l'efficacia dei singoli composti. Verosimilmente questo sinergismo ? dovuto all'intervento simultaneo su pi? specie radicaiiche che si traduce in un blocco quasi completo del processo perossidativo.
Lo stesso fenomeno si verifica quando si vada a controllare l'effetto antimutageno di queste associazioni, effetto per il quale la componente antiossidante gioca un ruolo fondamentale e che per i risvolti sulla prevenzione del cancro e di patologie cardiovascolari ? della massima inportanza.
A titolo di esecpio viene riportato in Tabella 4 l'effetto di polifenoli estratti dal th? verde, del lioopene e di una loro associazione.
Tabella 4 - Attivit? anti-tautagena di oligomeri procianidolici estratti da th? verde, licopene e di una loro associazione sulla frequenza di mutazione spontanea in SalmoneIla typhimrrium.
Con frazione polifenolica di Th? verde si usa un prodotto con titolo in polifenoli espressi come epigallocatechingallato dell' 85% ed a ridotto contenuto in caffeina ( <0.3% ) . Impiegando miscele di frazione licopenica con polifenoli del Th? si ? ottenuta nel test di Anes (Salmonella typhimurium TA-100 e TA-98) un' inibizione del 50% circa della mutazione spontanea.
Tale effetto ? risultato essere indipendente dall 1 attivazione metabolica (-S9 o S9) . Analoghi effetti si sono verificati su ceppi di Saccharomyces cerevisiae dove ? stato controllato l'effetto sulla mutazione spontanea a livello nucleare ed ancora pi? importante a livello di informazione mitocondriale .
I rapporti fra le due frazioni possono variare a partire da una parte di polifenolo fino a 1 parte di antiossidante l ipofilo a seconda dei caitqpi di applicazione delle differenti formulazioni .
Come eccipienti da usare in queste formulazioni rivestono particolare importanza i fosfolipidi, sia quelli naturali che quelli sintetici e le lecitine grezze a diverso contenuto in fosfolipidi. I fosfolipidi rappresentano un carrier particolarmente adatto per facilitare l'assorbimento delle sostanze polifenoli che sia di natura catechica che flavanolignanica. Le forme preferenziali di somministrazione di queste associazioni sono rappresentate dalle capsule di gelatina molle, ma non si esclude in ogni modo l' inpiego di capsule di gelatina dura, di cellulosa od al tre matrici nonch? l'uso di supposte e di forme transdermiche. Gli esempi che seguono illustreranno gli aspetti fondamentali dell'invenzione senza voler essere in alcun modo limitativi.
Esempio I - Formulazione contenente silimarina e licopene in olio di arachide
200 mg di estratto lipofilo di Lioopersioan aesculentum contenente il 5% di licopene sono mescolati con 50 mg di silimarina, 50 mg di fosfatidilcolina naturale di soia e 50 mg di olio di arachide; i prodotti vengono incapsulati in involucri di gelatina molle. La posologia di queste capsule ? di due al giorno.
Ese?>io II - Formulazione contenente oligomeri procianidolici e licopene in olio di arachide
200 mg di estratto lipofilo di Licopersicura aesculentum contenenti il 5% di licopene sono mescolati con 80 mg di silimarina, 50 mg di fosfatidilcolina naturale di soia e 50 mg di olio di arachide; i prodotti vengono incapsulati in involucri di gelatina molle. La posologia di queste capsule ? di una al giorno.
Esempio III - Formulazione contenente Ubidecarenone ed oligooeri procianidolici
20 mg di ubidecarenone sono mescolati con 20 mg di vitamina E ed 80 mg di oligomeri procianidolici; questa miscela viene dispersa in 100 mg di olio di arachide contenente 50 mg di fosfolipidi purificati di soia. La sospensione pu? essere incapsulata in capsule di gelatina molle o fatta assorbire su eccipienti idonei per la preparazione di conpresse. Esempio IV - Formulazione contenente ubichinolo (ubidecarenone ridotto), fosfolipidi insaturi e Proantocianidina A2
20 mg di ubichinolo sono mescolati con 100 mg di fosfatidilcolina di soia e sciolti in 100 mg di olio di arachide. A questa soluzione si aggiungono 80 mg di silibina. La sospensione pu? essere incapsulata in capsule di gelatina molle e cos? somministata .

Claims (7)

1. Composizioni farmaceutiche contenenti orane principio attivo un antiossidante lipofilo in associazione con un antiossidante idrofilo.
2. Composizioni secondo la rivendicazione 1 in cui l'antiossidante lipofilo ? scelto nella classe dei carotene idi, procarotenoidi e loro derivati.
3. Composizioni secondo la rivendicazione 2 in cui l'antiossidante ? scelto fra vitamina E, 0-carotene, licopene, ubidecarenone , ubichinolo.
4. Composizioni secondo una qualunque delle rivendicazioni 1-3 in cui l'antiossidante idrofilo ? scelto nella classe dei polii enoli a struttura catechica o flavanolignanica.
5. Composizioni secondo la rivendicazione 4 in cui l ' antiossidante polifenolioo ? scelto fra silimarina o uno dei suoi componenti, proantocianidina A2, oligomeri procianidolici , sostanze estratte da Vitis vinifera, Camelia sinensis, Aesculus Ginkgo biloba, Cardus marianum.
6. Composizioni secondo una qualunque delle rivendicazioni 1 -5 conprendenti come eccipienti fosfolipidi naturali o sintetici, incluse lecitine grezze a diverso contenuto in fosfolipidi.
7. Composizioni secondo una qualunque delle r ivendicaz ioni precedenti sotto forma di capsule di gelatina molle o dura, supposte o forme transdermiche.
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IT93MI002688A IT1265312B1 (it) 1993-12-21 1993-12-21 Formulazioni contenenti carotenoidi e procarotenoidi associati a polifenoli nella prevenzione dei danni da abnorme produzione di
CA002123739A CA2123739C (en) 1993-12-21 1994-05-17 Formulations containing carotenoids and procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals
AU63132/94A AU677048B2 (en) 1993-12-21 1994-05-17 Formulations containing carotenoids and procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals
AT94107676T ATE214264T1 (de) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Karotenoide und prokarotenoide enthaltende zusammensetzungen kombiniert mit polyphenolen zur vorbeugung von durch abnormale freie radikalbildung verursachten schäden
DE69430109T DE69430109T2 (de) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Karotenoide und Prokarotenoide enthaltende Zusammensetzungen kombiniert mit Polyphenolen zur Vorbeugung von durch abnormale freie Radikalbildung verursachten Schäden
DE0659402T DE659402T1 (de) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Karotenoide und Prokarotenoide enthaltende Zusammensetzungen kombiniert mit Polyphenolen zur Vorbeugung von durch abnormale freie Radikalbildung verursachten Schäden.
PT94107676T PT659402E (pt) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Composicoes contendo carotenoides e procarotenoides combinados com polifenois para a prevencao de danos devidos a uma producao anormal de radicais livres.
DK94107676T DK0659402T3 (da) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Formuleringer indeholdende carotenoider og procarotenoider kombineret med polyphenoler til forebyggelse af beskadigelser som følge af abnorm produktion af frie radikaler
ES94107676T ES2081781T3 (es) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Formulaciones que contienen carotenoides y procarotenoides combinados con polifenoles en la prevencion de los daños debidos a la produccion anormal de radicales libres.
EP94107676A EP0659402B1 (en) 1993-12-21 1994-05-18 Formulations containing carotenoids and procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals
KR1019940011104A KR100342543B1 (ko) 1993-12-21 1994-05-21 유리라디칼의비정상적인생성에기인한손상방지를위한,폴리페놀과결합된리코펜을함유하는조성물
FI942452A FI942452A (fi) 1993-12-21 1994-05-26 Formuloinnit, jotka sisältävät karotenoideja ja prokarotenoideja, jotka on yhdistetty polyfenoleihin vammojen ehkäisyssä, jotka johtuvat epänormaalista vapaaradikaalituotannosta
CN94106547A CN1082369C (zh) 1993-12-21 1994-06-08 类胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素原与多元酚联合使用的配方
JP12866194A JP3604422B2 (ja) 1993-12-21 1994-06-10 遊離基の異常産生による損傷防止のための、ポリフェノールを組合せた、カロテノイド又はプロカロテノイド含有配合物
US08/463,129 US5648377A (en) 1993-12-21 1995-06-05 Formulations containing carotenoids an procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals
GR960300007T GR960300007T1 (en) 1993-12-21 1996-02-29 Formulations containing carotenoids and procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals.
HK98112884A HK1011616A1 (en) 1993-12-21 1998-12-07 Formulations containing carotenoids and procarotenoids combined with polyphenols in the prevention of the damages due to an abnormal production of free radicals

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