HRP20041138A2 - Compounds useful in the treatment of anthrax and inhibiting lethal factor - Google Patents
Compounds useful in the treatment of anthrax and inhibiting lethal factor Download PDFInfo
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- HRP20041138A2 HRP20041138A2 HR20041138A HRP20041138A HRP20041138A2 HR P20041138 A2 HRP20041138 A2 HR P20041138A2 HR 20041138 A HR20041138 A HR 20041138A HR P20041138 A HRP20041138 A HR P20041138A HR P20041138 A2 HRP20041138 A2 HR P20041138A2
- Authority
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- Croatia
- Prior art keywords
- amino
- image
- fluoro
- methylphenylsulfonyl
- hydroxy
- Prior art date
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 241000193738 Bacillus anthracis Species 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 nitro, amino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 68
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OTOLRSAMHBIUHP-LLVKDONJSA-N (2r)-2-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-n-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide Chemical compound ONC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(C)=C1 OTOLRSAMHBIUHP-LLVKDONJSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- SSAXSMQFJUUESL-CQSZACIVSA-N (2r)-2-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-3-methyl-n-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]butanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)ONC(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(C)=C1 SSAXSMQFJUUESL-CQSZACIVSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- BBJCPZXJCFABTC-TVQRCGJNSA-N (2r,3s)-3-cyclopropyl-2-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-n-hydroxybutanamide Chemical compound N([C@H]([C@@H](C)C1CC1)C(=O)NO)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(C)=C1 BBJCPZXJCFABTC-TVQRCGJNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- DHSUYTOATWAVLW-WFVMDLQDSA-N cilastatin Chemical compound CC1(C)C[C@@H]1C(=O)N\C(=C/CCCCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O DHSUYTOATWAVLW-WFVMDLQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001313 C5-C10 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- ZSKVGTPCRGIANV-ZXFLCMHBSA-N imipenem Chemical compound C1C(SCC\N=C\N)=C(C(O)=O)N2C(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)[C@H]21 ZSKVGTPCRGIANV-ZXFLCMHBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004738 (C1-C6) alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004739 (C1-C6) alkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006376 (C3-C10) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005108 alkenylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005115 alkyl carbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003405 ciprofloxacin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000002795 guanidino group Chemical group C(N)(=N)N* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004468 heterocyclylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 claims description 3
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- 108010059993 Vancomycin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
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- HZZVJAQRINQKSD-PBFISZAISA-N clavulanic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1C(=C/CO)/O[C@@H]2CC(=O)N21 HZZVJAQRINQKSD-PBFISZAISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DMJNNHOOLUXYBV-PQTSNVLCSA-N meropenem Chemical compound C=1([C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@H](C(N2C=1C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)S[C@@H]1CN[C@H](C(=O)N(C)C)C1 DMJNNHOOLUXYBV-PQTSNVLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- OGJPXUAPXNRGGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N norfloxacin Chemical compound C1=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=CC(F)=C1N1CCNCC1 OGJPXUAPXNRGGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 208000022338 anthrax infection Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
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- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021266 loss of appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010025482 malaise Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IADVQZKUDAQIGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-cyclopropyl-2-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]butanoate Chemical compound C1CC1C(C)C(C(=O)OC)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(C)=C1 IADVQZKUDAQIGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMGSMPSATBUZDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxybutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(O)C(C)C1CC1 BMGSMPSATBUZDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBGPDYJIPNTOIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dibenzylethanamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBGPDYJIPNTOIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEECTLLHENGOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-4-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1.CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 PEECTLLHENGOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004897 n-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ZBDXGNXNXXPKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-tert-butylhydroxylamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)ON ZBDXGNXNXXPKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000159 protein binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002864 sequence alignment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000026775 severe diarrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000013220 shortness of breath Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040872 skin infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C311/30—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C311/31—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C311/32—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C311/15—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C311/16—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C311/19—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to an acyclic carbon atom to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups
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- C07C311/22—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C311/29—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms having the sulfur atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
- C07C317/44—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C317/48—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/51—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C323/60—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton with the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxyl groups bound to nitrogen atoms
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- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/18—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D209/20—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals substituted additionally by nitrogen atoms, e.g. tryptophane
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- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/64—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. histidine
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D309/06—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
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- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D309/10—Oxygen atoms
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- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
- C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
- C07D317/62—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/24—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/28—Halogen atoms
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/30—Hetero atoms other than halogen
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- C07C2602/04—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2602/08—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring the other ring being five-membered, e.g. indane
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Description
Pozadina izuma
Reference navedene kroz predmetnu prijavu nisu priznate kao stanje tehnike zahtjevanom izumu.
Antraks je bakterijska infekcija koju izaziva Bacillus anthracis. Bacillus anthracis endospore mogu ući u tijelo kroz abrazije kože, inhalacijom, ili gutanjem. Bacillus anthracis producira antraks toksin, koji je često smrtonosan. (Dixon i dr., (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 815-26.)
Antraks toksin se sastoji od tri proteina, komponente za vezivanje receptora određenog zaštitnog antigena, i dvije enzimske komponente, nazvane edem faktor i letalni faktor (“LF”). (Mock i dr., (2001) Annu. Rev. Mikrobiol. 55, 647-71.) letalni faktor jest cink-ovisna metaloproteaza, koja čini se djeluje toksično tako da cijepa mitogen-aktiviranu protein kinazu kinaze (MKKs). (Vitale i dr., (1998) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 248, 706-11, Vitale i dr., (2000) Biochem. J. 352 Pt 3, 739-45, Duesbery i dr., (1998) Science 280, 734-7, Duesbery i dr., Međunarodna publikacija Br. WO 99/50439, Dtum međunarodne publikacije je 7. listopada, 1999.)
Vitale i suradnici su koristili mikrosekvencioniranje da identificiraju lokaciju u raznim MKK, koje su cijepane od letalnog faktora. (Vidjeti Table 1, Vitale i dr., (2000) Biochem. J. 352 Pt 3, 739-45.) Cijepanje letalnim faktorom različitih MKK javlja se unutar N-terminalne regije, koja prethodi domeni kinaze. Poredak sekvenci u neposrednoj okolini mjesta cijepanja pokazalo je neke motive za konsenzus: hidrofobni ostatak na poziciji P2 i P1’, te najmanje jedan bazni ostatak između P4 i P7. (Vitale i dr., (2000) Biochem. J. 352 Pt 3, 739-45.)
Indicirano je da letalni faktor cijepa sintetske peptide in vitro. (Hammond i dr., (1998) Infect. Immun. 66, 2374-8.) In vitro cijepanje je inhibirano s 1,10-fenantrolin ili 10 mM EDTA, gdje su oba helati cinka.
Bacillus anthracis je spora koja formira gram-pozitivni bacil, koji je etiološki agens antraksa. Antraks je bolest koja može biti nađena globalno u umjerenim zonama (npr. Južna i Centralna Amerika, Južna i Istočna Europa, Azija, Afrika, Srednji Istok, te Karibi) i prenosi se na ljude uporabom ili konzumiranjem kontaminiranih životinjskih produkata (npr. jedenje neprokuhanog mesa od zaraženih životinja). Divlji sisavci, kao jeleni, gnuovi, slonovi i pripitomljena stoka, kao koze, ovce, krave, konji i svinje su visoko rizični za zarazu. Zaraza se općenito javlja od ispaše na kontaminiranoj zemlji, jedenja kontaminirane hrane ili pića iz kontaminiranih pojilišta. Spore bacillus anthracis mogu ostati aktivne u zemlji mnogo godina. Vidjeti Helplinon i dr., Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2000 66(6) str. 2627-2630; Wber i dr., Antimicrobic Agents and Chemotherapy 1988 32(5): 642-645; i Doganay i dr., Sci. J. Inf. Dis. 1991 23:333-335 za daljnju diskusiju o Bacillus anthracis.
Kod ljudi se mogu javiti tri oblika antraks infekcije, kutani, gastro-intestinalni i inhalacijski. Kožni oblik bolesti se javlja kada bakterija ili spora ulazi kroz posjeklinu ili abraziju na koži. Vidjeti Synder, J.W., Shapiro, D.S., Gilchrist, M.J.R., i dr., “Basic Diagnostic Testing Protocols for Level A Laboratories (For The Presumptive Indentification of Bacillus anthracis)” na www.ban.asm.la.cp.102401f, 24. listopada, 2001, str. 1-20 i Dixon, i dr., NEJM 341:815-826 9. rujna, 1999 Broj 11. Simptomi kožne infekcije su općenito uzdignute svrabne kvrge ili kvrge slične ugrizima insekata. Unutar jedan do dva dana, kvrge ili kvrga se razvija u vrećici ispunjenoj tekućinom, koja puca, da se formira bezbolni čir sa karakterističnim crnim nekrotičnim (odumirućim) dijelom u sredini. Ako se ne liječi, može uslijediti smrt, međutim, smrti su rijetke ako se daje prikladna terapija antibioticima.
Gastrointestinalni antraks općenito se javlja od konzumiranja mesa zaraženog bakterijom, što rezultira akutnom upalom intestinalnog trakta. Znakovi mučnine, gubitka apetita, povraćanja, vrućice, uz abdominalne bolove, povraćanja krvi i teške diareje su indikativni za gastrointestinalni antraks. Stopa smrtnosti za ovaj oblik humanog antraksa procjenjuje se na 25%-60%.
Inhalacija antraksa je najvjerojatnije rezultat namjernog aerosolnog otpuštanja Bacillus anthracis, kao čin bioterorizma. Ovaj oblik ljudske antraks infekcije često ima period inkubacije od jedan do šest dana, sa vrućicom, klonulošću, umorom, neproduktivnim kašljem i/ili blagom iritacijom grudi, kao nekim od početnih signala. Ovi početni simptomi su često praćeni kratkim periodom poboljšanja, praćeno naglim razvojem teškog respiratornog distresa, uz otežano disanje, znojenje i plavičastu boju kože. Smrt se obično javlja unutar 24-36 sati nakon početka respiratornog distresa, usprkos agresivnom liječenju.
Većina Bacillus anthracis sojeva su osjetljivi na široki spektar antibiotika. Danas najčešće propisane terapije su ciprofloksacin, penicilin, ili doksiciklin. Međutim, efikasnost i profili nuspojava ovih agensa nisu idealni.
Dok antibiotici mogu ubiti bakteriju koja uzrokuje antraks, tripartitni antraks toksin nastavlja s oštećivanjem tijela, čak i kada su same bakterije mrtve. Stoga, još postoji potreba za novom i efektivnom terapijom, sa poboljšanom efikasnosću, malim brojem ili nikakvim nuspojavama, te koja inhibira šaroliku sposobnost letalnog faktora da cijepa važne molekule domaćina.
Sažetak izuma
Ovaj izum odnosi se na nove spojeve formule I:
[image]
ili farmaceutski prihvatljivu sol, enantiomer, diastereomer ili in vivo hidrolizabilni ester ili njihovu smjesu, gdje,
R1 predstavlja C6-10 aril, C5-10 heteroaril ili C5-10 heterociklik, spomenuti aril, heteroaril i heterociklil opcionalno supstituirani sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra
Ra predstavlja C1-6 alkil, halogen, OH, aril(C1-6)alkil, (C1-6)alkoksi, (C1-6)alkoksi(C1-6)alkil, halo(C1-6)alkil, nitro, amino, mono- ili di-N-(C1-6)alkilamino, acilamino, aciloksi, karboksi, karboksi soli, karboksi esteri, karbamoil, mono- i di-N-(C1-6)alkilkarbamoil, (C1-6)alkoksikarbonil, ariloksikarbonil, ureido, gvanidino, sulfonilamino, aminosulfonil, (C1-6)
alkiltio, (C1-6)alkilsulfinil, (C1-6)alkilsulfonil, heterociklil, heterociklil(C1-6)alkil; i
R predstavlja C1-8 alkil, C3-10 cikloalkil, C3-10 heterocikloalkil, C5-10 heteroaril, ili C5-11 heterociklil, spomenuti heteroaril i heterociklil opcionalno supstituirani sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra i spomenuti alkil, opcionalno supstituiran sa 1-3 grupe, odabrane od grupe koju čine aril, heterociklil, (C1-6)alkiltio, cijano, heteroaril, gvanidino, ((1-aminoetil)karbonil)amino, ((aminometil)karbonil)amino, ((2-amino)prop-2-il) karbonil)amino, acetamido, 4-(aminometil)fenil, tio, t-butil sulfonil, (C2-6)alkeniltio, (C2-6)alkiniltio, amino, mono- ili di-(C1-6)alkilamino, ariltio, heterocikliltio, (C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkiltio, cikloalkil, cikloalkenil, karboksi i njihovi esteri, hidroksi i halogen.
Ovaj izum se nadalje odnosi na korištenje spojeva formule I u liječenju antraksa i drugih stanja, koja su srodna antraks infekciji.
Ovi i drugi aspekti izuma bit će jasni nakon pregleda izuma u cijelini.
Detaljan opis izuma
Predmetni izum odnosi se na spojeve formule I, i metode za liječenje antraksa ili inhibiranje letalnog faktora, davanjem, poželjno intravenozno ili intra-muskularno, pripravka koji sadržava spoj formule I i farmaceutski prihvatljiv nosač.
Izum je opisan ovdje detaljno, koristeći dolje definirane izraze, osim ako nije drugačije specificirano.
Kada se bilo koja varijabla (npr. aril, heterocikl, R1, R itd.) javlja više od jedanput u bilo kojem konstituentu, njena definicija pri svakom javljanju je neovisna. Također, kombinacije supstituenata/ili varijabli su dozvoljene samo ako takve kombinacije rezultiraju stabilnim spojevima.
Izraz “alkil” odnosi se na monovalentan alkan (ugljikovodik), izvedeni radikal, koji sadržava od 1 do 10 ugljikovih atoma, ukoliko nije drugačije definirano. Može biti ravan, razgranat ili cikličan. Poželjne alkil grupe uključuju metil, etil, propil, isopropil, butil, t-butil, ciklopentil i cikloheksil. Kada treba spomenutu alkil grupu supstituirati sa alkil grupom, koristi se izmjenično sa “razgranata alkil grupa”.
Poželjno, alkenil je C2-C6 alkenil.
Poželjno, alkinil je C2-C6 alkinil.
Cikloalkil jest vrst alkila koji sadržava od 3 do 15 ugljikovih atoma, osim ako nije drugačije specificirano, bez alternacija ili rezonantnih dvostrukih veza između ugljikovih atoma. Može sadržavati od 1 do 4 prstena. Primjeri cikloalkil grupe su ciklopropil, ciklobutil, ciklopentil, cikloheksil i cikloheptil. Heterocikloalkil označava cikloalkil grupu prstena, koja se sastoji od ugljikovih atoma i od jedan do četiri heteroatoma, odabrana od grupa koje čine N, O, i S, te uključujući sve biciklike. Spomenuti heterocikloalkil može opcionalno biti supstituiran sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra opisane ovdje. Primjeri heterocikloalkila su oksan, metiloksan, dioksan, piran, tiolan, piperidin, pirolidin, aziridin, azetidin, itd.
Alkoksi se odnosi na C1-C6 alkil-O-, sa alkil grupom opcionalno supstituiranom, kako je opisano ovdje. Primjeri alkoksi grupa su metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, butoksi i njihove izomerne grupe.
Halo je kratica za halogen i odnosi se na klorid, fluorid, bromid i jodid.
Kako je korišten ovdje, "aril" označava svaki stabilan monociklički ili biciklički ugljikov prsten, do 7 članova u svakom prstenu, gdje je najmanje jedan prsten aromatski. Primjeri takvih aril elemenata uključuju fenil, naftil, tetrahidronaftil, indanil, bifenil, fenantril, antril ili acenaftil.
Izraz heterociklil ili heterociklik, kako je korišten ovdje, predstavlja stabilan 5- do 7-člani monociklik ili stabilan 8- do 11-člani biciklički heterociklički prsten, zasićen ili nezasićen, te koji se sastoji od ugljikovih atoma i od jedan do četiri heteroatoma, odabrana od grupe koju čine N, O, i S, a uključujući bilo koju bicikličku grupu, gdje je bilo koji od gore-definiranih heterocikličkih prstenova kondenziran u benzenski prsten. Heterociklički prsten može biti vezan na bilo koji heteroatom ili ugljikov atom, koji rezultira stvaranjem stabilne strukture. Korišteni heterociklički sistem prstenova može uključivaki karbocikličke prstenove i mora uključivati samo jedan heterociklički prsten. Izraz heterocikl ili heterociklik uključuje heteroaril dijelove. Primjeri takvih heterocikličkih elemenata uključuju, ali se ne ograničavaju na azepinil, benzimidazolil, benzisoksazolil, benzofurazanil, benzopiranil, benzotiopiranil, benzofuril, benzotiazolil, benzotienil, benzoksazolil, kromanil, cinolinil, dihidrobenzofuril, dihidrobenzotienil, dihidrobenzotiopiranil, dihidrobenzotiopiranil sulfon, 1,3-dioksolanil, furil, imidazolidinil, imidazolinil, imidazolil, indolinil, indolil, isokromanil, isoindolinil, isokvinolinil, isotiazolidinil, isotiazolil, isotiazolidinil, morfolinil, naftiridinil, oksadiazolil, 2-oksoazepinil, oksazolil, 2-oksopiperazinil, 2-oksopiperdinil, 2-oksopirolidinil, piperidil, piperazinil, piridil, pirazinil, pirazolidinil, pirazolil, piridazinil, pirimidinil, pirolidinil, pirolil, kvinazolinil, kvinolinil, kvinoksalinil, tetrahidrofuril, tetrahidroisokvinolinil, tetrahidrokvinolinil, tiamorfolinil, tiamorfolinil sulfoksid, tiazolil, tiazolinil, tienofuril, tienotienil, i tienil. Implementacija primjera takvih heterocikličkih elemenata uključuju, ali se ne ograničavaju na, azepinil, benzimidazolil, benzisoksazolil, benzofurazanil, benzopiranil, benzotiopiranil, benzofuril, benzotiazolil, benzotienil, benzoksazolil, kromanil, cinnolinil, dihidrobenzofuril, dihidrobenzotienil, dihidrobenzotiopiranil, dihidrobenzotiopiranil sulfon, furil, imidazolidinil, imidazolinil, imidazolil, indolinil, indolil, isokromanil, isoindolinil, isokvinolinil, isotiazolidinil, isotiazolil, isotiazolidinil, morfolinil, naftiridinil, oksadiazolil, 2-oksoazepinil, oksazolil, 2-oksopiperazinil, 2-oksopiperdinil, 2-oksopirolidinil, piperidil, piperazinil, piridil, 2-piridinonil, pirazinil, pirazolidinil, pirazolil, piridazinil, pirimidinil, pirolidinil, pirolil, kvinazolinil, kvinolinil, kvinoksalinil, tetrahidrofuril, tetrahidroisokvinolinil, tetrahidrokvinolinil, tiamorfolinil, tiamorfolinil sulfokside, tiazolil, tiazolinil, tienofuril, tienotienil, tienil i triazolil.
Poželjno, heterociklik je odabran od 2-azepinonil, benzimidazolil, 2-diazapinonil, imidazolil, 2-imidazolidinonil, indolil, isokvinolinil, morfolinil, piperidil, piperazinil, piridil, pirolidinil, 2-piperidinonil, 2-pirimidinonil, 2-pirollidinonil, kvinolinil, tetrahidrofuril, tetrahidroisokvinolinil i tienil.
Kako je korišten ovdje, izraz "heteroaril" označava svaki stabilan monociklički ili biciklički ugljikov prsten, do 7 članova u svakom prstenu, gdje je najmanje jedan prsten aromatski, te gdje su od jedan do četiri ugljikovih atoma zamjenjeni heteroatomima, odabranim od grupe koju čine N, O, i S. Primjeri takvih heterocikličkih elemenata uključuju, ali se ne ograničavaju na, benzimidazolil, benzisoksazolil, benzofurazanil, benzopiranil, benzotiopiranil, benzofuril, benzotiazolil, benzotienil, benzoksazolil, kromanil, cinolinil, dihidrobenzofuril, dihidrobenzofuranil, dihidrobenzotienil, dihidrobenzotiopiranil,dihidrobenzotiopiranil sulfone, furil, imidazolil, indolinil, indolil, isokromanil, isoindolinil, isokvinolinil, isotiazolil, naftiridinil, oksadiazolil, piridil, pirazinil, pirazolil, piridazinil, pirimidinil, pirolil, kvinazolinil, kvinolinil, kvinoksalinil, tetrahidroisokvinolinil, tetrahidrokvinolinil, tiazolil, tienofuril, tienotienil, tienil i triazolil.
U jednoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule I, R je heterocikloalkil i sve druge varijable su kako je originalno opisano.
U drugoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule I, R je heteroaril i sve druge varijable su kako je originalno opisano.
U još jednoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule I, R1 je fenil grupa, opcionalno supstituirana sa 1-3 grupe Ra a R je heterocikloalkil, ili heteroaril grupa.
U još jednoj implementaciji izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule I, R1 je fenil grupa, supstituirana sa 1 do 3 grupe metoksi, halogen, metil, etil, propil, butil, naftil, 5-(2-piridil)tiofen-2-il ili njihova smjesa, a R je heterocikloalkil ili heteroaril.
U još jednoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule Ia, R je heterocikloalkil a sve druge varijable su kako je originalno opisano.
U drugoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule Ia, R je heteroaril a sve druge varijable su kako je originalno opisano.
U drugoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule Ia, R je C1-4 alkil a sve druge varijable su kako je originalno opisano.
U još jednoj implementaciji ovog izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule Ia, R1 je fenil grupa, opcionalno supstituirana sa 1-3 grupe Ra a R je alkil, heterocikloalkil, ili heteroaril grupa.
U još jednoj implementaciji izuma, koja se odnosi na spojeve formule Ia, R1 je fenil grupa, supstituirana sa 1 do 3 grupe metoksi, halogen, metil, etil, propil, butil, naftil, 5-(2-piridil)tiofen-2-il ili njihova smjesa, a R je alkil, heterocikloalkil ili heteroaril.
Još jedna implementacija ovog izuma odnosi se na farmaceutski pripravak koji sadržava spoj formule I i farmaceutski prihvatljiv nosač.
Još jedna implementacija ovog izuma obuhvaća korištenje spoja formule I, za proizvodnju medikamenta, za liječenje ili profilaksu sličnioh stanja. Još jedna implementacija obuhvaća korištenje spoja formule I, za proizvodnju medikamenta za inhibiranje letalnog faktora.
Spojevi formule I mogu biti kombinirani sa poznatijim lijekovima, odabranim od klinički korisnih antibakterijskih agensa (na primjer drugi beta-laktami ili aminoglikozidi), inhibitora beta-laktamaze, renalni tubularni blokatori (npr. probenecid) i inhibitora metabolizirajućih enzima (na primjer inhibitori dehidropeptidaze, na primjer Z-2-acilamino-3-supstituirani propenoati, kao cilastatin) i N-aciliranih amino kiselina (na primjer vidjeti EP-A-178911) koji reduciraju negativno djelovanje na bubrege. Primjeri lijekova koji mogu biti kombinirani sa spojevima formule I su imipenem, meropenem, vancomicin, cilastatin, cefoksitin, penicilin, klavulanska kiselina, probenecid, tetraciklin, ciprofloksacin, norfloksacin ili njihova smjesa. Poželjno je kada se imipenem koristi kao lijek, da se koristi u kombinaciji sa cilastatinom (spomenuta kombinacija poznata je pod nazivom PRIMAXIN®).
Pogodne farmaceutski prihvatljive soli spojeva korištenih u ovom izumu uključuju soli kisele adicije, kao hidroklorid, hidrobromid, citrat, maleat i soli formirane sa fosfornom i sumpornom kiselinom. U drugom aspektu, pogodne soli su bazne soli, kao soli alkalnih metala, na primjer natrij ili kalij, alkalne soli zemnoalkalijskih metala, na primjer kalcij ili magnezij, organska amino sol, na primjer trietilamin, morfolin, N-metilpiperidin, N-etilpiperidin, procain, dibenzilamin, N,N-dibenziletilamin ili amino kiseline, na primjer lizin. Poželjne farmaceutski prihvatljive soli su natrij i kalij soli.
In vivo hidrolizabilni esteri su oni farmaceutski prihvatljivi esteri koji hidroliziraju u ljudskom tijelu, da proizvedu roditeljski spoj. Takvih esteri mogu biti identificirani davanjem, npr. intravenozno pokusnoj životinji, spoja koji se testira, te naknadnim pregledom tjelesnih tekućina životinje. Pogodni in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri za karboksi uključuju C1-6alkoksimetil ester, na primjer metoksimetil, C1-6 alkanoliloksimetil ester, na primjer pivaloiloksimetil, ftalidil ester i dodatne estere, opisane u US Patent Br. 5,478,820, koji je ovdje inkorporiran po referenci u cjelosti.
Spojevi korišten u ovom izumu su:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid; i farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
Dodatni spojevi ovog izuma su opisani u Tabeli 1:
Tabela1
[image]
[image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image]
i farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomere ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
Dodatni spojevi ovog izuma su opisani u Tabeli 2:
Tabela 2
[image]
[image]
i farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
Poželjni spojevi korišteni u ovom izumu su:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid; i farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
Da bi se koristio spoj formule I ili farmaceutski prihvatljiva sol, enantiomer, diastereomer ili in vivo hidrolizabilni ester ili njihova smjesa za terapeutsko liječenje sisavaca, uključujući ljude, posebno u tretiranju antraksa, ili inhibiranju letalnog faktora, normalno se formulira u skladu sa standardnom farmaceutskom praksom, kao farmaceutski pripravak.
Spojevi korišten u predmetnom izumu mogu se davati u terapeutski efektivnoj količini intravenozno, supkutano, intramuskularno ili bilo kojom metodom poznatom stručnjacima (npr., rektalno, oralno, parenteralno). Pogodan farmaceutski pripravak korišten u ovom izumu je onaj, koji je priprvljen za sterilnu injekciju, koji sadržava između 1 i 50% w/w spojeva korištenih u ovom izumu.
Pogodni subjekti za davanje formulacije predmetnog izuma uključuju primate, ljude i druge životinje, posebno čovjeka i domaće životinje kao npr.mačke, zečeve i pse.
Slijedeći ne-ograničavajući primjeri, dati radi ilustracije, su demonstrativni za predmetni izum, a spojevi korišteni u ovom izumu su korisni za tretiranje antraksa i inhibiranje letalnog faktora.
Definicije izraza su:
HOBT – hidroksibenzotriazol
DMF – dimetilformamid
DIEA -diizopropiletilamin
TMSONH2 – O-trimetilsililhidroksilamin
PyBOP – bnezotrizol-1-il-oksi-tris-pirolidino-fosfonij heksafluorofosfat
TFA – trifluorooctena kiselina
HPLC – tekućinska kromatografija visoke performanse
DCM – diklorometan
EDC – 1-(3-dimetilaminopropil)-3-etilkarbodiimid
THF – tetrahidrofuran
DIC – N,N’-diizopropilkarbodiimid
MDF – dimetilformamid
DMAP – 4-dimetilaminopiridin
NMP – 1-metil-2-pirolidinon
EDTA – etilendiaminetetraoctena kiselina
Primjer 1
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N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid (1.8 g, 4.99 mmol) je otopljen u 75 ml bezvodnog diklor-etana, koji je sadržavao etanol (0.30 ml, 5 mmol) na 0 °C. Plinoviti vodikov klorid je upuhavan tijekom 30 min. Tikvica je zatvorena pregradom, a reakcijska smjesa miješana tijekom 2 dana. Nakon što je otapalo uklonjeno rotirajućom evaporacijom, ostatak je otopljen u metanolu ( 1 ~ 2 ml), i razrijeđen sa DCM (20 ml). Kristali tako formirani su sakupljeni i isprani sa još DCM, da se dobije, nakon sušenja pod vakuumom, N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 0.86 (d, 3H), 0.91 (d, 3H), 1.86 (m, 1H), 2.30 (d, 3H), 3.30 (d, 1H), 7.16 (t, 1H), 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.72 (m, 1H).
Početni materijal u Primjeru 1 je pripravljen kako slijedi:
D-valine (1.39 g, 11.9 mmol) je otopljen u 80 ml dioksana/voda (1:1) koji sadržava K2CO3 (3.3 g, 24 mmol). Otopina 4-fluro-3-metilfenil-sulfonilklorida (10 mmol) u dioksanu (4 ml) je ubačena uz dobro miješanje. Reakcijaska smjesa je miješana na sobnoj temperaturi tijekom 30 min. Dodan je etil acetat (80 ml), 1N HCl (50 ml). Organski sloj je ispran sa 1N HCl 2 puta, i ekstrahiran sa 5% K2CO3 (3x 25ml). Kombinirani bazni ekstrakti su zakiseljeni i ekstrahirani etil acetatom (80 ml). Organski sloj je ispran slanom otopinom (2x), osušen nad Na2SO4. Otapalo je uklonjeno na rotavap uređaju, a ostatak trituriran heksanom. Rezultirajuća krutina je osušena, da se dobije 2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenil-sulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutirička kiselina.
2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutirička kiselina (2.64 g, 9.12 mmol) je otopljena u DCM (30 ml), praćeno dodavanjem DIEA (3.18 ml, 2 eq.) i O-t-butilhidroksilamin hidroklorida (2.3 g, 2 eq.). EDC.HCl (2.1 g, 1.2 eq.) je zatim dodavan u obrocima, kao krutina. Još EDC (0.6, 0.5 eq.) je dodano nakon 40 min i reakcija miješana tijekom dodatnih 30 min. Otapalo je uklonjeno rotirajućom evaporacijom na sobnoj temperaturi, a ostatak je odjeljen etil acetatom (80 ml), 1N HCl (50 ml). Organski sloj je ispran sa 1N HCl, slanom otopinom, te osušen nad Na2SO4. Sirovi produkt je pročišćen brzom kolonskom kromatografijom sa 5% do 12% etil acetata u DCM gradijentu otapala, da se dobije produkt N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid, kao bijela pjena. TLC (1:10 etilaceat:DCM) Rf 0.16. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 0.89 (d, 3H), 0.90 (d, 3H), 1.08 (s, 9H), 1.86 (m, 1H), 2.30 (d, 3H), 3.44 (d, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.77 (m, 1H).
Primjer 2
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Primjer 2, N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]-amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid, je pripravljen od D-4’-tetrahidro-piranilglicina, na isti način kao Primjer 1. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 1.19 (m, 1H), 1.34 (m, 1H), 1.40 (m, 1H), 1.74(m, 1H), 1.80(m, 1H), 2.32 (d, 3H), 3.31 (m, 2H), 3.37 (d, 1H), 3.90 (m, 2H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.72 (m, 1H).
Primjer 3 do 144
Primjeri 3 do 144, navedeni u Tabeli 1, su pripravljeni na krutoj fazi, te pokazuju kako slijedi:
Korak 1. Funkcionalizacija smole
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Otopina N-hidroksiftalimida (2.8 g, 17 mmol), DIEA (3.0 ml, 17 mmol) u diklorometanu (30 ml) i DMF (15 ml) je dodana brzo u 4.39 g 2-klorotritil smole (1.1 mmol/g punjenje) u staklovinom opremljeni spremnik. Suspenzija smole je trešena s prekidima i ostavljena na polici preko noći. Smola je isprana 5x sa DMF, i zatim tretirana sa 40 ml hidrazin otopine (0.5 M u THF) tijekom 2 h. Velika količina bijele krutine je formirana oko smole. Isprana je sa DMF-H2O(1:1) 2x, DMF 4x. Tretiranje hidrazinom je ponovljeno još jednom tijekom daljna 3 sata. Smola je isprana sa DMF-H2O (1:1) 2x, DMF 4x, DCM 5x, osušena pod vakuumom preko noći, da se dobije 4.53 g smole 1. Punjenje je oko 1.0 mmol/g po težinskoj promjeni.
Korak 2. Punjenje Amino kiselinom
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O-vezana hidroksilamin smola 1, 500 mg (~1.0 mmol/g punjenje), je preplavljena sa DCM u staklovinom napunjenom spremniku i procjeđena. Otopina Fmoc-D-alo-izoleucina (530 mg, 1.5 mmol, 3 eq.), DIC (0.120 ml, 0.75 mmol, 1.5 eq.) u 3 ml DMF je dodana. Spremnik je kratko protrešen i ostavljen na polici tijekom 1 h. Druga doza DIC (0.04 ml, 0.25 mmol, 0.5 eq.) je dodana. Nakon još jednog sata, smola je isprana sa DMF 4x, DCM 4x i osušena pod vakuumom, tijekom noći, da se dobije smola 2. Približno punjenje je 0.70 mmol/g težinskog dobitka.
Korak 3
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Smola 2, 150 mg, ~0.7mmol/g punjenje, je tretirana sa 2 ml piperidin/DMF (25%) tijekom 2 hr. Smola je isprana sa MDF 3x, DCM 3x. Otopina DIEA (73 ul, 0.42 mmol,4 eq.) u THF-DCM (1:1, 0.5 ml) koji sadržava DMAP (~2 mg) je dodana u smolu, praćeno otopinom 3-klorofenilsulfonil klorid (66 mg, 3 eq.) u THF-DCM (0.5 ml). Nakon 3 h, smola je isprana sa DMF 3x, DCM 3x, i odvajanje je vršeno dvaput sa 5% TFA/DCM (0.5 ml ) tijekom 30 min. Kombinirana otopina za odvajanje je otparena, a ostatak otopljen u CH3CN:H2O i pročišćena na HPLC reverzne faze, da se dobije Primjer 25, N-hidroksi-2(R)-(3-klorofenilsulfonil)amino-3(S)-metilvalerički amid. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 0.82 (d, d, 6H), 1.04 (m, 1H), 1.35 (m, 1H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 3.52 (d, 1H), 7.50 (t, 1H), 7.60(d, 1H), 7.76(d, 1H), 7.84 (m, 1H).
Tabela 1 daje strukture Primjera 3 do 144. Kao što stručnjaci mogu procijeniti, Primjeri 4 do 144 su pripravljeni, uz neke izmjene, u skladu sa opisom datim u Primjeru 3. Neki spojevi su zahtjevali de-protekcijski korak (tretman sa 50% TFA/DCM) nakon odvajanja smole.
Primjer 145
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2-(R)-[(4-fluro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropil-butirička kiselina (10 mg, 31 umol) je otopljena u DMF (0.3 ml) sa HOBt (4.5 mg, 0.031 mmol), DIEA (11 ul, 0.062 mmol), O-trimetilsililhidroksilamin (20 ul, 0.16 mmol). Dodana je otopina PyBOP (20 mg, 0.038 mmol) u DMF (0.3 ml) . Reakcija je gašena nakon 30 min sa CH3CN:H2O (1:1, 5% TFA) i puštena kroz HPLC reverzne faze da se dobije, nakon liofilizacije, N-hidroksi-2-(R)-[(4-fluro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: -0.04 (m, 1H), 0.20 (m, 1H), 0.35 (m, 1H), 0.41 (m, 1H), 0.54 (m, 1H), 0.90 (d, 3H), 1.08 (m, 1H), 2.32 (d, 3H), 3.60 (d, 1H), 7.17 (t, 1H), 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 1H). MS: 331.1 (M + H+).
Početni materijal u Primjeru 145 je pripravljen kako slijedi:
Metil glikolat (10.4 g, 114 mmol), krotil alkohol (100ml, suvišak), je refluksiran u nazočnosti K2CO3 (0.8 g) tijekom 1 h, za koje vrijeme je oko 10 ml kondenzata uklonjeno kroz Dean-Stock klopku. Nakon razrijeđivanja heksanom (100 ml), krutina je filtrirana kroz kratku kolonu silika gela (50 g), isprana sa 1:5 etil acetat:heksan (250 ml). Kombinirani filtrat i isprani dio je ukoncentriran na 100 ml, te razrijeđen ponovno heksanom (100 ml), propušten kroz kolonu silika gela i ispran. Otopina je ukoncentrirana do ~12.5 g ulja, koje je vakuumski destilirano, da se dobije krotil glikolat: 9.3 g (97 °C/20 mmHg) kao smjesa cis:trans (1:10). NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.3 (m, 3H), 4.15 (s, 2H), 4.62 (d, 2H), 5.6 (m, 1H), 5.84 (m, 1H). cis izomerom: 1.71 (m, 3H), pikovi ostatka se podudaraju sa trans izomerom.
Gore pripravljeni krotil glikolat (9.3 g, 71 mmol) u THF (10 ml) je dodavan polagano u otopinu LiN(TMS)2 (200 ml, 1.0 M) u THF (200 ml) na –78 °C. Nakon 40 minuta na ovoj temperaturi, trimetilsilil klorid (25.5 ml, 200 mmol) je dodan. Hladna kupelj je uklonjena i reakcija miješana preko noći. Reakcijska smjesa je ukoncentrirana do ~150 ml i razrijeđena etil acetatom (500 ml). Ovo je isprano sa 2N HCl dvaput. Isprani dijelovi su ponovno ekstrahirani, sa još etil acetata. Kombinirani organski sloj je ekstrahiran sa 5% K2CO3 3X. Kombinirana bazna otopina je zakiseljena sa hladnom koncentriranom HCl, te ekstrahirana etil acetatom. Etil acetat otopina je isprana zasićenim NaCl, osušena nad Na2SO4. Otparavanje otapala i sušenje pod vakuumom dalo je 2-hidroksi-3-metilpropen-4-ensku kiselinu, kao smjesu diastereomera. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) tijekom diastereomer 1 [(2R, 3S) i (2S, 3R)] δ: 1.02 (d, 3H), 2.60 (m, 1H), 4.05 (d, 1H), 5.02 (m, 1H), 5.09 (m, 1H), 5.87 (m, 1H); diasteteomer 2 [(2R, 3R) i (2S, 3S)] δ: 1.11(d, 3H), 2.6 (m, 1H), 4.03 (d, 1H), 5.0 (m, 1H), 5.09 (m, 1H), 5.80 (m, 1H). Diastereomerni odnos po NMR je oko 7 do 1, sa diasteromerom 1 kao glavnim.
Gore pripravljena kiselina (8.5 g, 65 mmol) je otopljena u suhom DMF (100ml) i DIEA (16 ml, 91 mmol). Zatim je dodan metil jodid (11.7 ml, 85 mmol) . Ovo je miješano tijekom 15 h, i razrijeđeno etil acetatom (500 ml), isprano sa 0.1N HCl 3x, slanom otopinom 2x, osušeno nad Na2SO4. Nakon otparavanja otapala ostao je metil-2-hidroksi-3-metilpenten-4-enoički ester. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) tijekom diastereomer 1 [(2R, 3S) i (2S, 3R)] δ: 1.02 (d, 3H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 4.04 (d, 1H), 5.02 (m, 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 5.81 (m, 1H); diasteteomer 2 [(2R, 3R) i (2S, 3S)] δ: 1.08 (d, 3H), 2.58 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 4.07 (d, 1H), 5.00 (m 1H), 5.06 (m, 1H), 5.80 (m, 1H).
Gore pripravljeni metil ester (2.9 g, 20 mmol) je otopljen u suhom DCM (100 ml) sa diiodometanom (8.1 ml, 100 mmol), i ohlađen do 0°C. Zatim je dodana otopina dietilcinka (100ml, 1.0 M u heksan). Hladna kupelj je uklonjena i smjesa je miješana pod dušikom tijekom 3 dana. Otopina NH4Cl je dodana da ugasi reakciju. Organski sloj je ispran sa HCl 2x, slanom otopinom 2x, i osušen nad Na2SO4. Otparavanjem otapala ostalo je ulje, koje sadržava 70% produkta metil 2-hidroksi-3-ciklopropilbutirata i 30% početnog materijala. Korišten je bez daljenjeg pročišćavanja.
Otopina gore pripravljenih estera (3 g, 20 mmol), i piridina (2.0 ml, 24 mmol) u suhom DCM (10 ml) je polagano dodana u miješanu otopinu Tf2O (4.0 ml, 24 mmol) u DCM (100 ml) na 0 °C. Nakon 1 h na 0 °C, dodana je voda da ugasi reakciju. Ova je zatim isprana razrijeđenom HCl (0.1 N), slanom otopinom, i osušena nad Na2SO4. Otparavanje otapala dalo je 5.3 g triflata, kao ulje. Ovo je miješano sa NaN3 (2.4 g, 36 mmol) u DMF (80 ml) tijekom 15 h. Reakcijaska smjesa je razrijeđena etil acetatom (400 ml), isprana razrijeđenom HCl 3x, slanom otopinom 2x, osušena nad Na2SO4. Otparavanjem otapala ostalo je 2.96 g ulja. Brza kolonska kromatografija kroz silika gel, eluirano sa 5% etera u heksanu, dala je metil 2-azido-3-ciklopropil-butirat kao bezbojno ulje. Željeni diastereomer 1 [(2R, 3S) i (2S, 3R)] može biti izoliran kroz preparativnu HPLC reverzne faze, eluiran sa CH3CN:H2O u gradijentu otapala. NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) tijekom diastereomer 1 [(2R, 3S) i (2S, 3R)] δ: 0.04 (m, 1H), 0.18 (m, 1H), 0.48 (m, 2H), 0.74 (m, 1H), 1.09 (d, 3H), 1.35 (m, 1H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.92 (d, 1H).
Gore izolirani azid [(2R, 3S) i (2S, 3R)] diastereomer (400 mg, 2.2 mmol) je otopljen u MeOH (10 ml), ohlađen u vodenoj kupelji na 20 °C. Kositar klorid (860 mg, 4.4 mmol) je dodan. Ovo je miješano tijekom 15 h. U reakcijsku smjesu je dodan dioksan (10 ml0), K2CO3 (1.5g 10.1 mmol)/H2O (10 ml). Krutina je filtrirana, isprana dioksanom (5 ml). U kombinirani filtrat i isprani dio je dodana otopina 4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil klorida (560 mg, 2.4 mmol) u dioksanu (5 ml). Oko 30 min kasnije, reakcija je zakiseljena sa HCl do pH 3, razrijeđena sa CH3CN:H2O. Produkt je izoliran kroz preparativni HPLC reverzne faze (ponovljena injektiranja) u metil 2-(4-fluro-3-metilfenilsulfonamido)-3-ciklopropilbutirat. Daljenje odvajanje kroz Chiralpak kolonu AD, eluirano sa 7%EtOH u heptanu, dalo je dva enantiomera, sa željenim isomerom 1 (2R, 3S) koji je prvi eluiran. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 0.01 (m, 2H), 0.39 (m, 2H), 0.62 (m, 1H), 1.01 (d, 3H), 1.19 (m, 1H), 2.312 (d, 3H), 3.23 (s, 3H), 3.90 (d, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.73 (m, 1H).
Metil 2(R)-[(4-fluro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropil-butirički ester (20 mg, 0.061 mmol) je otopljen u MeOH (0.2 ml), praćeno dodavanjem LiOH (8 mg, suvišak)/H2O (0.15 ml). Nakon 2 h, reakcija je zakiseljena sa 1.5 ml CH3CN:H2O (1:1, 5% TFA) i kromatografirana sa HPLC reverzne faze, da se dobije 2-(R)-(4-fluro-3-metilfenil-sulfonamido)-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutirička kiselina. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: -0.01 (m, 1H), 0.15 (m, 1H), 0.40 (m, 2H), 0.65 (m, 1H), 1.02 (d, 3H), 1.22 (m, 1H), 2.31 (d, 3H), 4.83 (d, 1H), 7.16 (t, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 1H).
Primjer 146
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2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutirička kiselina (11 mg, 0.03 mmol) je otopljena u DMF (200ul) sa DIEA (12 ul, 0.12 mmol), HOBt (8 mg, 0.06 mmol), i TMSONH2 (10 ul, 0.08 mmol). Dodana je otopina PyBOP (31 mg, 0.06 mmol) u DMF (100 ul). Reakcija je gašena nakon 20 min sa 5% TFA/ H2O, te produkt izoliran sa HPLC reverzne faze, da se dobije, nakon liofilizacije, N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutiramid. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 0.97 (d, 3H), 1.44~1.68 (m, 8H), 2.32 (d, JH-F, 3H), 3.61 (d, 1H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 3.67 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.76 (m, 1H).
Početni materijal u Primjeru 146 je pripravljen kako slijedi:
N-tritil-D-treonin benzil ester (2.5 g, 5.5 mmol), TEA (2.8 ml, 20 mmol) su otopljeni u 100 ml suhog toluena na –50 °C. Otopina sulfuril klorida (800 ul, 8 mmol) u toluenu (20 ml) je dodavana tijekom 15 min. Reakcija je ostavljena da se zagrije do sobne temperature. Etil acetat (100 ml) je dodan i ovo je isprano sa zas. NaCl, osušeno nad Na2SO4. Produkt je kristaliziran u MeOH (10 ml), da se dobije benzil N-tritil-3(S)-metilaziridin-2(R)-karboilat. NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.37 (d, 3H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 1.95 (d, 1H), 5.15(d, J = 12 Hz, 1H), 5.28(d, J = 12 Hz, 1 H), 7.19~7.28 (m, 12 H), 7.33~7.36 (m, 1H), 7.36~7.39 (m, 3H), 7.51~7.54 (m, 4H).
Benzil N-tritil-3(S)-metilaziridin-2(R)-karboksilat, (2.13 g, 4.92 mmol) je otopljen u 20 ml MeOH:DCM (1:1) na 0 °C, praćeno dodavanjem TFA (20 ml). Nakon miješanja na sobnoj temperaturi tijekom 1 h, suvišak reagensa i otapala su uklonjeni na rotavapu (T < 25 °C). Ostatak je odjeljen između DCM (50 ml) i H2O (100 ml). Vodena faza je isprana jednom sa DCM, i pH joj je naravnan na lužnati sa NaHCO3, ekstrahirana etil acetatom, i osušena nad Na2SO4. Uklanjanjem otapala ostalo je 650 mg benzil 3(S)-metilaziridin-2(R)-karboksilata. Ovo je otopljeno u DMF (15 ml) na 0 °C. TEA (2.1 ml, 15 mmol) je dodan, praćeno Boc2O (1.64 g, 7.5 mmol). Reakcija je miješana na sobnoj temperaturi preko noći. Zatim su dodani etil acetat (100 ml), H2O (100 ml) , a organski sloj je ispran dva puta sa 10% limunskom kiselinom, slanom otopinom, i osušen nad Na2SO4. Sirovi produkt je kromatografiran na brzoj koloni, eluiran sa 5% ~ 10% EA/heksan gradijentu otapala, koji sadržava 0.1% TEA, da se dobije benzil N-boc-3(S)-metilaziridin-2(R)-karboksilat. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 1.21(d, 3H), 1.44(s, 9H), 2.82 (m, 1H), 3.21(d, 1H), 5.2 (q, 2H), 7.30~7.38(m, 5H).
Benzil N-boc-3(S)-metilaziridin-2(R)-karboksilat (50 mg, 0.17 mmol), ciklopentil alkohol (0.5 ml, 5.5 mmol) je otopljen u DCM (0.5 ml), praćeno sa par kapi BF3.Et2O. Ovo je miješano na sobnoj temperaturi tijekom 10 h. Otapalo je uklonjeno, a ostatak pročišćen kroz HPLC reverzne faze. Produkt je sakupljen i tretiran sa 50% TFA/DCM, da se dobije benzil 2(R)-amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutirat triflruoroacetat. NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 1.28 (d, 3H), 1.4 ~1.7 (m, 8 H), 3.92 (m, 1H), 4.06 (d, 1H), 4.14 (dq, 1H), 5.26 (d, J = 12 Hz, 1H), 5.31 (d, J = 12 Hz, 1 H), 7.38 (m, 3H), 7.43 (m, 2H).
Benzil 2(R)-amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutirat triflruoroacetat (63 mg, 0.16 mmol), DIEA (174 ul, 1.0 mol), DMAP (1 mg) su otopljeni u dioksanu (2 ml), praćeno laganim dodavanjem otopine 4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil klorida (~0.33 mmol) u dioksanu (1 ml). Nakon 15 min, reakcija je gašena sa 5% TFA/H2O, i pročišćena kroz HPLC reverzne faze, da se dobije benzil 2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenil)sulfonil]amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutirat. Benzil ester zaštitna grupa je uklonjena hidrogenacijom u MeOH:EA (1 ml) sa 10% Pd/C (2 mg) preko noći, da se dobije 2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenil)-sulfonil]amino-3(R)-ciklopentoksilbutirička kiselina.
Uz neke izmjene poznate stručnjacima, Primjeri 147 do 153 iz Tabele 2 su pripravljeni u skladu sa Primjerom146.
Test određivanja inhibicije letalnog faktora
Donji test opisan je u Cummings i dr., PNAS, May 14, 2002, vol. 99, Br. 10, stranice 6603-6606 i PCT Prijava US03/05552, podnesena 2/21/2003 (U. S. Patentna prijava Br. 60/359,707, podnesena 2/25/2002), inkorporirana ovdje po referenci, u svojoj cjelosti. Korišten je da odredi inhibiciju letalnog faktora nakon reakcije sa spojem za koji se vjeruje da je inhibitor letalnog faktora.
Spojevi inhibitori letalnog faktora mogu biti korišteni za daljnje proučavanje aktivnosti letalnog faktora, a ti inhibitorski spojevi koji imaju prikladna farmakološka svojstva mogu biti korišteni u liječenju ili prevenciji antraksa. Prikladna farmakološka svojstva uključuju efikasnost, metabolizam i odsustvo neprihvatljivih nuspojava.
Screening sa visokim protokom inhibitora letalnog faktora može biti korišten za probiranje velikog broja spojeva, radi identificiranja onih koji djeluju na aktivnosti letalnog faktora. Screening sa visokim protokom jest olakšan testom koji se može automatizirati i koristi niske razine pročišćenog enzima.
Mjerenje Aktivnosti
Supstrati letalnog faktora mogu biti korišteni u metodama mjerenja aktivnosti letalnog faktora Bacillus anthracis, kao i djelovanja spoja na takve aktivnosti. Takve metode uključuju inkubiranje supstrata letalnog faktora, opisanog ovdje Bacillus anthracis letalnim faktorom, koristeći inkubacijski medij, gdje je Bacillus anthracis letalni faktor aktivan, te može uključivati nazočnost testnog spoja. Cijepanje supstrata može biti detektirano kao mjera aktivnosti Bacillus anthracis letalnog faktora ili djelovanje spoja na aktivnost letalnog faktora. Mjerenje može biti kvalitativno ili kvantitativno. Enzimski test vezivanja letalnog faktora IC50 rezultira za spojeve ovog izuma opsegom od 15 uM ili manje. Specifično IC50 za
N-hidroksi-2(R)- [(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)] amino-3-metilbutiramid i
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid su 0.13 uM i 0.06 uM, respektivno.
Claims (15)
1. Spoj formule I:
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FORMULA I
ili farmaceutski prihvatljiva sol, enantiomer, diastereomer ili in vivo hidrolizabilni ester ili njihova smjesa, naznačen time, da
R1 predstavlja C6-10 aril, C5-10 heteroaril ili C5-10 heterociklik, a spomenuti aril, heteroaril i heterociklil su opcionalno supstituirani sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra
Ra predstavlja C1-6 alkil, halogen, OH, aril(C1-6)alkil, (C1-6)alkoksi, (C1-6)alkoksi(C1-6)alkil, halo(C1-6)alkil, nitro, amino, mono- ili di-N-(C1-6)alkilamino, acilamino, aciloksi, karboksi, karboksi soli, karboksi estee, karbamoil, mono- i di-N-(C1-6)alkilkarbamoil, (C1-6)alkoksikarbonil, ariloksikarbonil, ureido, gvanidino, sulfonilamino, aminosulfonil, (C1-6)alkiltio, (C1-6)alkilsulfinil, (C1-6)alkilsulfonil, heterociklil, heterociklil(C1-6)alkil; i
R predstavlja C1-8 alkil, C3-10 cikloalkil, C3-10 heterocikloalkil, C5-10 heteroaril, ili C5-11 heterociklil, a spomenuti heteroaril i heterociklil su opcionalno supstituirani sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra a spomenuti alkil, opcionalno supstituiran sa 1-3 grupe odabrane od grupe koju čine aril, heterociklil, (C1-6)alkiltio, cijano, heteroaril, guanidino, ((1-aminoetil)karbonil)amino, ((aminometil)karbonil)amino, ((2-amino)prop-2-il) karbonil)amino, acetamido, 4-(aminometil)fenil, tio, t-butil sulfonil, (C2-6)alkeniltio, (C2-6)alkiniltio, amino, mono- ili di-(C1-6)alkilamino, ariltio, heterocikliltio, (C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkiltio, cikloalkil, cikloalkenil, karboksi i njihovi esteri, hidroksi i halogen.
2. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da je R heterocikloalkil i sve druge varijable kako je originalno opisano.
3. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da je R heteroaril i sve druge varijable kako je originalno opisano.
4. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da je R1 fenil grupa opcionalno supstituirana sa 1-3 grupe Ra, a R je heterocikloalkil ili heteroaril grupa.
5. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da je R1 fenil grupa supstituirana sa 1 do 3 grupe metoksi, halogen, metil, etil, propil, butil, naftil, 5-(2-piridil)tiofen-2-il ili njihovom smjesom, a R je heterocikloalkil ili heteroaril.
6. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da je odabran od grupe koju čine:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid; i iz tabela 1 i 2 dolje
Tabela1
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Tabela 2
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i farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
7. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 6, naznačen time, da je odabran od grupe koju čine:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid;
i njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
8. Spoj prema Zahtjevu 7, naznačen time, da je taj spoj
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid; ili
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid; ili
njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
9. Pripravak prema Zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da sadrži spoj formule I i farmaceutski prihvatljiv nosač.
10. Metoda inhibiranja aktivnosti letalnog faktora (LF), kojeg izlučuje bakterija u sisavca, naznačena time, da se sastoji od davanja, pacijentu kojem je to potrebno, terapijski efektivne količine spoja strukturne formule I
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FORMULA I
ili njegovih farmaceutski prihvatljivih soli, enantiomera, diastereomera ili in vivo hidrolizabilnih estera ili njihove smjese, gdje,
R1 predstavlja C6-10 aril, C5-10 heteroaril ili C5-10 heterociklik, a spomenuti aril, heteroaril i heterociklil opcionalno supstituirani sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra
Ra predstavlja C1-6 alkil, halogen, OH, aril(C1-6)alkil, (C1-6)alkoksi, (C1-6)alkoksi(C1-6)alkil, halo(C1-6)alkil, nitro, amino, mono- ili di-N-(C1-6)alkilamino, acilamino, aciloksi, karboksi, karboksi soli, karboksi esteri, karbamoil, mono- i di-N-(C1-6)alkilkarbamoil, (C1-6)alkoksikarbonil, ariloksikarbonil, ureido, guanidino, sulfonilamino, aminosulfonil, (C1-6)alkiltio, (C1-6)alkilsulfinil, (C1-6)alkilsulfonil, heterociklil, heterociklil(C1-6)alkil; i
R predstavlja C1-8 alkil, C3-10 cikloalkil, C3-10 heterocikloalkil, C5-10 heteroaril, ili C5-11 heterociklil, spomenuti heteroaril i heterociklil opcionalno supstituiran sa 1 do 3 grupe Ra, a spomenuti alkil, opcionalno supstituiran sa 1-3 grupe, odabrane od grupe koju čine aril, heterociklil, (C1-6)alkiltio, cijano, heteroaril, guanidino, ((1-aminoetil)karbonil)amino, ((aminometil)karbonil)amino, ((2-amino)prop-2-il) karbonil)amino, acetamido, 4-(aminometil)fenil, tio, t-butil sulfonil, (C2-6)alkeniltio, (C2-6)alkiniltio, amino, mono- ili di-(C1-6)alkilamino, ariltio, heterocikliltio, (C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkoksi, aril(C1-6)alkiltio, cikloalkil, cikloalkenil, karboksi i njihovi esteri, hidroksi i halogen.
11. Metoda prema Zahtjevu 11, naznačena time, da je spoj odabran od grupe koju čine:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid; i iz tabela 1 i 2 dolje
Tabela1
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Tabela 2
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i njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
12. Metoda prema Zahtjevu 11, naznačena time, da je spoj:
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid;
N-t-butoksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid;
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-(S)-ciklopropilbutiramid; i
njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
13. Metoda prema Zahtjevu 12, naznačena time, da je spoj:
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-3-metilbutiramid; ili
N-hidroksi-2(R)-[(4-fluoro-3-metilfenilsulfonil)]amino-2-(4’-tetrahidropiranil)-acetamid; ili
njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, enantiomeri, diastereomeri ili in vivo hidrolizabilni esteri ili njihove smjese.
14. Metoda prema Zahtjevu 10, naznačena time, da je spoj formule I kombiniran sa jednim ili više poznatih lijekova odabranih od beta-laktama, aminoglikosida, inhibitora beta-laktamaze, renalnih cijevastih blokatora i inhibitora metabolizirajućoh enzima, N-aciliranih amino kiselina.
15. Metoda prema Zahtjevu 14, naznačena time, da su poznati lijekovi odabrani od grupe koju čine imipenem, meropenem, vankomicin, cilastatin, cefoksitin, penicilin, klavulanska kiselina, probenecid, tetraciklin, ciprofloksacin, i norfloksacin ili njihova smjesa, gdje onda kada je imipenem korišten kao lijek, korišten je u kombinaciji sa cilastatinom, kao što je PRIMAXIN®.
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