ES2476894T3 - Ácidos silícicos precipitados como material de carga reforzador para mezclas de elastómeros - Google Patents
Ácidos silícicos precipitados como material de carga reforzador para mezclas de elastómeros Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2476894T3 ES2476894T3 ES09731187.2T ES09731187T ES2476894T3 ES 2476894 T3 ES2476894 T3 ES 2476894T3 ES 09731187 T ES09731187 T ES 09731187T ES 2476894 T3 ES2476894 T3 ES 2476894T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- silicone
- acid
- precipitation
- acids
- index
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 title description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 181
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 178
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 olefinic Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- AMEDKBHURXXSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azonous acid Chemical compound ONO AMEDKBHURXXSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004354 sulfur functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 13
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- FLTJDUOFAQWHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(C)C FLTJDUOFAQWHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 4
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC1 WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004914 cyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,1-n',1-n',2-n,2-n,2-n',2-n'-octamethylethene-1,1,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N(C)C)=C(N(C)C)N(C)C CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 description 3
- JROGBPMEKVAPEH-GXGBFOEMSA-N emetine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.N1CCC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2[C@H]1C[C@H]1C[C@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CCN2C[C@@H]1CC JROGBPMEKVAPEH-GXGBFOEMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- XQSFXFQDJCDXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxysilicon Chemical group [Si]O XQSFXFQDJCDXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003990 inverse gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N lisinopril Chemical compound C([C@H](N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002444 silanisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000381875 Argiolestes muller Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100008047 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Natural products CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical group [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPKRJCRFNFTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Hg+5] Chemical compound [Hg+5] FRPKRJCRFNFTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004758 branched silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chelidonic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC(=O)C=C(C(O)=O)O1 PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003193 cis-1,4-polybutadiene polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004759 cyclic silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ALVPFGSHPUPROW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl disulfide Chemical compound CCCSSCCC ALVPFGSHPUPROW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000705 flame atomic absorption spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004674 formic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005555 halobutyl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003987 high-resolution gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002050 hydrofluoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004757 linear silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004672 propanoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001507 sample dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyldisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
- C01B33/193—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
- C01P2004/52—Particles with a specific particle size distribution highly monodisperse size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/54—Particles characterised by their aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of sizes in the longest to the shortest dimension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008017747 | 2008-04-07 | ||
| DE102008017747A DE102008017747A1 (de) | 2008-04-07 | 2008-04-07 | Gefällte Kieselsäuren als Verstärkerfüllstoff für Elastomermischungen |
| PCT/EP2009/053243 WO2009124829A1 (de) | 2008-04-07 | 2009-03-19 | Gefällte kieselsäuren als verstärkerfüllstoff für elastomermischungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2476894T3 true ES2476894T3 (es) | 2014-07-15 |
Family
ID=40792861
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES09731187.2T Active ES2476894T3 (es) | 2008-04-07 | 2009-03-19 | Ácidos silícicos precipitados como material de carga reforzador para mezclas de elastómeros |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8658816B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP2262730B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP5502851B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR101567617B1 (https=) |
| CN (2) | CN101990519A (https=) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0911068B1 (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE102008017747A1 (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES2476894T3 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MX2010010931A (https=) |
| PL (1) | PL2262730T3 (https=) |
| PT (1) | PT2262730E (https=) |
| RU (1) | RU2544697C2 (https=) |
| TW (1) | TWI399339B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2009124829A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5039346B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-12 | 2012-10-03 | 株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド | 溶射用粉末及び溶射皮膜 |
| DE102008017731A1 (de) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-08 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Kautschukmischung |
| US8114935B2 (en) | 2009-05-04 | 2012-02-14 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Microporous precipitated silica |
| WO2011144346A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | Grace Gmbh & Co. Kg | Porous inorganic oxide particles and methods of making and using the same |
| KR101452656B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-09 | 2014-10-22 | 가부시키가이샤 브리지스톤 | 고무 조성물 및 이를 이용한 공기 타이어 |
| CN102225948A (zh) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-10-26 | 厦门大学 | 硅三硫醇及其制备方法 |
| FR2988384B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-22 | 2015-09-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de preparation de silice precipitee comprenant une etape de fort compactage |
| CN103073762B (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-10-28 | 特拓(青岛)轮胎技术有限公司 | 一种用于路航系列乘用车轮胎胎面的橡胶组合物技术 |
| KR101507825B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-04-07 | 한국타이어 주식회사 | 타이어용 고무 조성물 및 이를 이용하여 제조한 타이어 |
| DE102014200563A1 (de) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-16 | Evonik Industries Ag | Oligomere Organosilane, deren Herstellung und Verwendung in Kautschukmischungen |
| CN106029569B (zh) * | 2014-02-28 | 2018-11-20 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | 制备沉淀二氧化硅的方法、沉淀二氧化硅及其用途，特别是用于增强聚合物 |
| CA2892342C (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2016-11-01 | Sylvain-Paul Morency | Tool and method for layer depalletizing |
| WO2017109742A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | Tata Chemicals Limited | Precipitated silica |
| WO2017109743A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | Tata Chemicals Limited | Precipitated silica |
| FR3058148A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-04 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant une charge renforcante specifique |
| WO2018202756A1 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-08 | Rhodia Operations | Precipitated silica and process for its manufacture |
| EP3619164B1 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2024-11-27 | Rhodia Operations | Precipitated silica and process for its manufacture |
| JP6781106B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-11-04 | 東ソー・シリカ株式会社 | ゴム補強充填用含水ケイ酸及びその製造方法 |
| WO2019241498A1 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-19 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Defoamer active, manufacturing method thereof, and defoaming formuation |
| CN109968554B (zh) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-01-15 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种GR-SiO2/CI材料制备方法及雾化成胶装置 |
| DE102020208510A1 (de) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Modifizierte Kieselsäuren, Verfahren zur deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
| EP3954743A1 (de) | 2020-08-12 | 2022-02-16 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verwendung von siliziumdioxid zur verbesserung der leitfähigkeit von beschichtungen |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4094771A (en) | 1976-01-13 | 1978-06-13 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler | Process for preparation of a sprayable precipitated silicic acid suspension |
| DE3437473A1 (de) | 1984-10-12 | 1986-04-17 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | An der oberflaeche modifizierte synthetische, silikatische fuellstoffe, ein verfahren zur herstellung und deren verwendung |
| DE4004781A1 (de) | 1990-02-16 | 1991-08-22 | Degussa | Verfahren zur herstellung von mit organosiliciumverbindungen modifizierten fuellstoffen, die so hergestellten fuellstoffe und deren verwendung |
| FR2678259B1 (fr) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-11-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelles silices precipitees sous forme de granules ou de poudres, procedes de synthese et utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres. |
| JP3410522B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-09 | 2003-05-26 | 水澤化学工業株式会社 | 粒状非晶質シリカの製造方法 |
| EP0670813B1 (fr) | 1993-09-29 | 2003-03-12 | Rhodia Chimie | Silice precipitee |
| DE4427137B4 (de) * | 1993-10-07 | 2007-08-23 | Degussa Gmbh | Fällungskieselsäure |
| JP3719687B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-21 | 2005-11-24 | 東ソー・シリカ株式会社 | シリカゲルの製造方法 |
| DE19609619A1 (de) | 1996-03-12 | 1997-09-18 | Degussa | Staubarme, gut dispergierbare Granulate auf der Basis von mit Organosiliciumverbindungen modifizierten silikatischen Füllstoffen |
| FR2763581B1 (fr) * | 1997-05-26 | 1999-07-23 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silice precipitee utilisable comme charge renforcante pour elastomeres |
| ATE239737T1 (de) | 1997-08-21 | 2003-05-15 | Crompton Corp | Blockierte merkaptosilane als kupplungsmittel für gefüllte kautschukzusammensetzung |
| DE19740440A1 (de) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-18 | Degussa | Leicht dispergierbare Fällungskieselsäure |
| DE19807700A1 (de) | 1998-02-24 | 1999-08-26 | Degussa | Fällungskieselsäuregranulate |
| US5956175A (en) | 1998-07-31 | 1999-09-21 | Msc Specialty Films Inc | Solar control window film |
| DE10137109A1 (de) | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-27 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Siliziumhaltiger Resist für die Fotolithografie |
| PT1419106T (pt) * | 2001-08-13 | 2016-12-27 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Processo de preparação de sílicas, sílicas com distribuição granulométrica e/ou repartição porosa específicas e suas utilizações, em particular no reforço de polímeros |
| DE10146325A1 (de) | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-10 | Degussa | Fällungskieselsäure mit hohem BET/CTAB-Verhältnis |
| DE10163945C1 (de) | 2001-09-26 | 2003-05-08 | Degussa | Geblockte Mercaptosilane, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung |
| DE10223658A1 (de) | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-18 | Degussa | Organosiliciumverbindungen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| DE10330118A1 (de) | 2002-08-03 | 2004-02-12 | Degussa Ag | Fällungskieselsäure mit hoher Oberfläche |
| DE102005043201A1 (de) | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Degussa Ag | Fällungskieselsäuren mit einer besonderen Porengrößenverteilung |
-
2008
- 2008-04-07 DE DE102008017747A patent/DE102008017747A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-03-19 PT PT97311872T patent/PT2262730E/pt unknown
- 2009-03-19 EP EP09731187.2A patent/EP2262730B1/de active Active
- 2009-03-19 MX MX2010010931A patent/MX2010010931A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-03-19 KR KR1020107024891A patent/KR101567617B1/ko active Active
- 2009-03-19 US US12/935,205 patent/US8658816B2/en active Active
- 2009-03-19 CN CN2009801122501A patent/CN101990519A/zh active Pending
- 2009-03-19 WO PCT/EP2009/053243 patent/WO2009124829A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-03-19 RU RU2010145015/05A patent/RU2544697C2/ru active
- 2009-03-19 CN CN201610060026.4A patent/CN105836751A/zh active Pending
- 2009-03-19 JP JP2011503394A patent/JP5502851B2/ja active Active
- 2009-03-19 PL PL09731187T patent/PL2262730T3/pl unknown
- 2009-03-19 ES ES09731187.2T patent/ES2476894T3/es active Active
- 2009-03-19 BR BRPI0911068-2A patent/BRPI0911068B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-04-02 TW TW098111020A patent/TWI399339B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0911068B1 (pt) | 2019-04-30 |
| RU2010145015A (ru) | 2013-06-20 |
| PT2262730E (pt) | 2014-07-11 |
| TW201006763A (en) | 2010-02-16 |
| TWI399339B (zh) | 2013-06-21 |
| US8658816B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
| EP2262730B1 (de) | 2014-04-30 |
| JP2011516386A (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
| KR20110009132A (ko) | 2011-01-27 |
| US20110021801A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
| BRPI0911068A2 (pt) | 2015-12-29 |
| KR101567617B1 (ko) | 2015-11-09 |
| CN101990519A (zh) | 2011-03-23 |
| RU2544697C2 (ru) | 2015-03-20 |
| DE102008017747A1 (de) | 2009-10-08 |
| JP5502851B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
| PL2262730T3 (pl) | 2014-09-30 |
| EP2262730A1 (de) | 2010-12-22 |
| WO2009124829A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
| CN105836751A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
| MX2010010931A (es) | 2010-11-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ES2476894T3 (es) | Ácidos silícicos precipitados como material de carga reforzador para mezclas de elastómeros | |
| ES2391569T3 (es) | Ácido silícico de precipitación con una distribución especial de tamaños de poros | |
| ES2350730T3 (es) | Ácidos silícicos de precipitación con una distribución especial de tamaños de poros. | |
| ES2320650T3 (es) | Acido silicico de precipitacion, altamente dispersable. | |
| US9540247B2 (en) | Higly dispersible silica for using in rubber | |
| ES2713861T3 (es) | Mezcla de caucho que contiene ácido silícico de precipitación | |
| US8986442B2 (en) | Specially precipitated silicic acids for rubber applications | |
| ES2391272T3 (es) | Sílices altamente dispersables para usos en cauchos vulcanizados | |
| ES2380323T3 (es) | �?cido silícico de precipitación con una alta superficie específica | |
| ES2350743T3 (es) | Ácidos silícicos precipitados especialmente para aplicaciones en cauchos. | |
| BRPI0406904B1 (pt) | Precipitated soil, its preparation processes, its applications and its vulcanizable and vulcanized rubber mix |