ES2092412T3 - Procedimiento y dispositivo para el control variable de una valvula de motor de combustion interna. - Google Patents

Procedimiento y dispositivo para el control variable de una valvula de motor de combustion interna.

Info

Publication number
ES2092412T3
ES2092412T3 ES94920391T ES94920391T ES2092412T3 ES 2092412 T3 ES2092412 T3 ES 2092412T3 ES 94920391 T ES94920391 T ES 94920391T ES 94920391 T ES94920391 T ES 94920391T ES 2092412 T3 ES2092412 T3 ES 2092412T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
valve
camshaft
arrangement
contour
exploration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES94920391T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Kreuter
Joachim Reinicke-Murmann
Peter Heuser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meta Motoren und Energie Technik GmbH
Original Assignee
Meta Motoren und Energie Technik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meta Motoren und Energie Technik GmbH filed Critical Meta Motoren und Energie Technik GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2092412T3 publication Critical patent/ES2092412T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L13/0047—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction the movement of the valves resulting from the sum of the simultaneous actions of at least two cams, the cams being independently variable in phase in respect of each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • F01L2800/13—Throttleless
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Abstract

SE DA A CONOCER UN PROCEDIMIENTO Y UN DISPOSITIVO PARA EL CONTROL VARIABLE DE UNA VALVULA DE MOTOR DE COMBUSTION INTERNA, EN PARTICULAR PARA EL CONTROL DEL CIRCUITO DE POTENCIA LIBRE DE ESTRANGULACION DE UN MOTOR DE IGNICION POR MEDIO DE LA FUNCION DE ESTIRADO DE UNA O VARIAS VALVULAS (6) DE ENTRADA POR CILINDRO. LOS CONTORNOS DE DOS EJES (1,2) DE LEVAS QUE GIRAN NORMALMENTE A LA MISMA VELOCIDAD DE ROTACION SON EXAMINADOS POR MEDIO DE UNA DISPOSICION (3) DEL TIPO SUMADOR Y EL DESPLAZAMIENTO DE LA DISPOSICION (3) DE EXAMINADO SE TRANSMITE A LA VALVULA POR MEDIO DE LA ACTUACION DE LA DISPOSICION (4) PARA ACTUAR LA VALVULA. EL CONTORNO DE UN EJE DE LEVAS (1,2) QUE ACTUA COMO EJE DE LEVAS (1) DE APERTURA DISPONE DE UNA AREA DE BASE Y UNA AREA ELEVADA QUE SE INTRODUCE UNA EN OTRA EN UNA ZONA DE CIERRE. PARA MODIFICAR EL TIEMPO DE APERTURA Y/O DE ELEVACION DE LA VALVULA (6), LA POSICION DE FASE ENTRE EL EJE DE LEVAS (1,2) ES VARIABLE. LA DISPOSICION (3) DE EXPLORACION SE MANTIENE EN CONTACTO CONEL CONTORNO SOLAMENTE DE UN EJE DE LEVAS (2) DESPUES DE QUE LA VALVULA (6) SE ENCUENTRA CERRADA, DE TAL MODO QUE LA ACTUACION DE LA DISPOSICION (4) SE MANTIENE EN CONTACTO CON LA VALVULA (6). EL CONTORNO DEL OTRO EJE DE LEVAS (2) SE MUEVE EN SENTIDO DE ALEJARSE CON RELACION A LA DISPOSICION (3) DE EXPLORACION DESPUES DE QUE LA VALVULA (6) SE ENCUENTRA CERRADA Y DE ESTA FORMA HACE CONTACTO DE NUEVO CON LA DISPOSICION (3) DE EXPLORACION CUANDO LA VALVULA (6) COMIENZA A ABRIRSE.
ES94920391T 1993-07-06 1994-07-06 Procedimiento y dispositivo para el control variable de una valvula de motor de combustion interna. Expired - Lifetime ES2092412T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4322480A DE4322480C2 (de) 1993-07-06 1993-07-06 Vorrichtung zur variablen Ventilsteuerung von Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2092412T3 true ES2092412T3 (es) 1996-11-16

Family

ID=6492092

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES94920391T Expired - Lifetime ES2092412T3 (es) 1993-07-06 1994-07-06 Procedimiento y dispositivo para el control variable de una valvula de motor de combustion interna.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5592906A (es)
EP (1) EP0659232B1 (es)
JP (1) JP2838440B2 (es)
CN (1) CN1046153C (es)
DE (3) DE4322480C2 (es)
ES (1) ES2092412T3 (es)
WO (1) WO1995002116A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU695596B2 (en) * 1994-04-19 1998-08-20 Paul Joseph Bentley Variable duration and valve timing
DE19600535B4 (de) * 1996-01-09 2004-12-09 Meta Motoren- Und Energie-Technik Gmbh Toleranzausgleichseinrichtung für eine Vorrichtung zur variablen Steuerung eines Ventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19600536C2 (de) * 1996-01-09 2002-08-22 Meta Motoren Energietech Vorrichtung zur variablen Steuerung eines Einlaßventils
US5908015A (en) * 1996-07-06 1999-06-01 Meta Motoren- Und Energie Technik Gmbh Arrangement for interrupting the flow of force between a camshaft and a valve
DE19640520A1 (de) 1996-07-20 1998-04-09 Dieter Dipl Ing Reitz Ventiltrieb und Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19701203A1 (de) * 1997-01-15 1998-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19701202A1 (de) * 1997-01-15 1998-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19701201A1 (de) * 1997-01-15 1998-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen
JP3485434B2 (ja) * 1997-04-04 2004-01-13 株式会社日立ユニシアオートモティブ 内燃機関の動弁装置
DE19835921B4 (de) * 1997-08-07 2005-12-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Vorrichtung zur variablen Ventilbetätigung eines Zylinderventils
DE19737206C2 (de) * 1997-08-08 1999-06-02 Johannes Wilke Verfahren zum Regeln des Kraftstoffverbrauchs bei Ottomotoren sowie Nockenwelle dafür
DE19745761A1 (de) 1997-10-16 1999-04-22 Daimler Chrysler Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19745716A1 (de) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-22 Daimler Chrysler Ag Vorrichtung zur variablen Ventilsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE19746568C2 (de) * 1997-10-22 2000-11-02 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine
DE19747035A1 (de) * 1997-10-24 1999-04-29 Daimler Chrysler Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung
DE19747031A1 (de) * 1997-10-24 1999-04-29 Daimler Chrysler Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen
JP3893202B2 (ja) * 1997-11-07 2007-03-14 株式会社日立製作所 内燃機関の可変動弁装置
DE19802738A1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-29 Opel Adam Ag Vorrichtung zur variablen Steuerung eines Ventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19806675A1 (de) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Vorrichtung zur variablen Steuerung der Ventile einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE19814800A1 (de) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
ES1040073Y (es) * 1998-04-23 1999-07-16 Martinez Jose Benlloch Dispositivo perfeccionado para el accionamiento en las valvulas de distribucion variable para motores de combustion interna.
AUPP330998A0 (en) * 1998-05-04 1998-05-28 Bentley, Paul Joseph Variable duration, overlap and cam timing
EP0957239B1 (de) * 1998-05-12 2005-02-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Einrichtung zum Steuern einer Vorrichtung zum Verstellen des Ventilhubverlaufs eines Gaswechselventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
USH1907H (en) * 1998-12-02 2000-11-07 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus for initiating fatigue related damage on a member
EP1022443B1 (de) 1999-01-19 2001-08-08 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Vorrichtung zur variablen Steuerung eines Ventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
JP3799944B2 (ja) 2000-03-21 2006-07-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の可変動弁機構および吸気量制御装置
DE10016103A1 (de) 2000-03-31 2001-10-04 Audi Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung
US6318348B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2001-11-20 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Stratified exhaust gas recirculation strategy for internal combustion engine
JP2001355469A (ja) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-26 Unisia Jecs Corp 内燃機関の可変動弁装置
US6321715B1 (en) 2000-06-23 2001-11-27 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Conjugate vortex stratified exhaust gas recirculation system for internal combustion engine
DE10054506A1 (de) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-16 Ina Schaeffler Kg Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Gaswechsels von Viertakt-Ottomotoren mit variabel steuerbaren Einlaßventilen
EP1342897B1 (de) 2002-03-08 2008-02-20 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Viertakt-Ottomotor mit variabler Ventilsteuerung
DE10235403A1 (de) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Schwenkhebel für einen hubvariablen Ventiltrieb
DE10239909A1 (de) * 2002-08-30 2004-02-26 Audi Ag Variable Ventilsteuerung
DE10303601A1 (de) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-12 Mahle Ventiltrieb Gmbh Ventilsteuerung
KR101111279B1 (ko) * 2003-03-29 2012-02-22 콜벤슈미트 피어부륵 이노바치온스 게엠베하 내연 기관의 가스 교환 밸브의 리프트 조절용 가변 밸브 리프트 장치
JP4188158B2 (ja) * 2003-07-03 2008-11-26 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の制御装置
DE10341702A1 (de) * 2003-09-10 2005-04-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Ventiltrieb für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE10342075A1 (de) 2003-09-10 2005-06-16 Rolf Jung Vollvariable Hubventilsteuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine
US7156059B2 (en) * 2003-11-06 2007-01-02 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Variable valve train apparatus for an internal combustion engine
JP2006017031A (ja) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-19 Denso Corp バルブリフト制御装置のアクチュエータ
JP4552707B2 (ja) * 2005-03-18 2010-09-29 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃機関の可変動弁装置
DE102006018512A1 (de) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Schaeffler Kg Rollenelement für ein schwenkbewegliches Maschinenteil
JP4643524B2 (ja) * 2006-08-29 2011-03-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 可変バルブタイミング装置
JP4380695B2 (ja) * 2006-12-18 2009-12-09 トヨタ自動車株式会社 可変動弁機構付き内燃機関
JP5239088B2 (ja) * 2009-07-31 2013-07-17 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
DE102014003466A1 (de) 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Meta Motoren- Und Energie-Technik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur variablen Steuerung eines Ventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016122179A1 (de) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-24 Pierburg Gmbh Mechanisch steuerbarer Ventiltrieb
CN106523067A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2017-03-22 江苏三能动力总成有限公司 一种发动机连续可变气门升程结构
KR102084908B1 (ko) * 2017-03-17 2020-03-04 바르실라 핀랜드 오이 내연 피스톤 엔진의 가스 교환 밸브용의 제어 장치 및 내연 엔진의 가스 교환 밸브용의 제어 장치의 작동 방법
TR201720332A2 (tr) * 2017-12-14 2019-07-22 Ford Otomotiv Sanayi As Bi̇r külbütör mekani̇zmasi
CN109488410A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-19 江苏三能动力总成有限公司 一种气门升程调节机构
CN109736914A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-05-10 江苏三能动力总成有限公司 一种发动机凸轮轴系统

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4082717A (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-04-04 Pfizer Inc. Preparation of gamma-pyrones
BE885719A (nl) * 1980-10-15 1981-02-02 Goederen Arie C De Zuigerverbrandingsmotor met regelbare klepopeningsduur
DE3217203A1 (de) * 1981-05-15 1982-12-02 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokyo Variable ventilsteuerung
US4546735A (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-10-15 Southwest Research Institute Valve actuator
DE3519319A1 (de) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-04 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Variable ventilsteuerung fuer eine hubkolben-brennkraftmaschine
DE3531000A1 (de) * 1985-08-30 1986-08-28 Herbert Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Gohle Vorrichtung zur verringerung der drosselverluste bei kolbenmotoren unter teillast durch phasenanschnittsteuerung der ventile
GB2180597A (en) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-01 Frederick Arthur Summerlin Valve control
US4771742A (en) * 1986-02-19 1988-09-20 Clemson University Method for continuous camlobe phasing
US4724822A (en) * 1986-02-28 1988-02-16 General Motors Corporation Variable valve lift/timing mechanism
DE3800347A1 (de) * 1987-01-08 1988-09-29 Honda Motor Co Ltd Ventilbetaetigungsvorrichtung in einer brennkraftmaschine
DE3833540A1 (de) * 1988-10-01 1990-04-12 Peter Prof Dr Ing Kuhn Vorrichtung zur betaetigung der ventile an verbrennungsmotoren mit veraenderlicher ventilerhebungskurve
GB9018558D0 (en) * 1990-08-23 1990-10-10 Ricardo Group Plc Valve gear for internal combustion engines
US5052350A (en) * 1990-11-02 1991-10-01 King Brian T Device to combine the motions of two camlobes differentially phased
DE4104872A1 (de) * 1991-02-18 1992-08-20 Wolfgang Schieck Verfahren zur drosselfreien laststeuerung fuer ottomotoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0659232B1 (de) 1996-07-10
JPH07509768A (ja) 1995-10-26
DE4446725A1 (de) 1996-01-11
CN1113393A (zh) 1995-12-13
US5592906A (en) 1997-01-14
DE4322480C2 (de) 1996-05-02
CN1046153C (zh) 1999-11-03
DE59400413D1 (de) 1996-08-14
EP0659232A1 (de) 1995-06-28
WO1995002116A1 (de) 1995-01-19
DE4322480A1 (de) 1995-01-12
JP2838440B2 (ja) 1998-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES2092412T3 (es) Procedimiento y dispositivo para el control variable de una valvula de motor de combustion interna.
DE3780617D1 (de) Ventilantriebmechanismus fuer brennkraftmaschine.
BR8008491A (pt) Motor de combustao interna
BR0210830B1 (pt) comando de válvula de deslocamento.
SE8306263D0 (sv) Vipparmskammaranordning for dieselmotor
DE3782035D1 (de) Ventilantriebmechanismus fuer brennkraftmaschine.
CA2298986A1 (en) A decompression device of a four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine
KR930019978A (ko) 엔진의 밸브작동장치
JPS5650087B2 (es)
KR930019977A (ko) 내연기관의 밸브구동장치
SE0004870D0 (sv) Anordning och förfarande för motorbromsning vid motorfordon
DE3687661D1 (de) Ventilantriebmechanismus fuer brennkraftmaschine.
US7866251B2 (en) Power plant
FR2341045A1 (fr) Utilisation economique d'un moteur a combustion interne polycylindrique par action sur la distribution
CN108979853B (zh) 水平对置发动机
JP2017155620A (ja) 可変サイクルエンジン
EP2187052A1 (en) Power machine
KR19980060454A (ko) 엔진 브레이크 장치
JPS57179314A (en) Engine equipped with valve acting in variable condition
JPS5644406A (en) Device for changing valve timing of diesel engine
KR970000746B1 (ko) 자동차용 밸브 개폐장치
JP2827419B2 (ja) ４サイクルエンジンの動弁装置
IT1270443B (it) Comando di distribuzione a geometria variabile per un motore a combustione interna.
KR830000313A (ko) 공기압축 4행정 내연기관의 시동장치
KR100215661B1 (ko) 캠-샤프트 풀리

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG2A Definitive protection

Ref document number: 659232

Country of ref document: ES