EP4108976A1 - Dichter und wärmeisolierter tank - Google Patents

Dichter und wärmeisolierter tank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4108976A1
EP4108976A1 EP22190092.1A EP22190092A EP4108976A1 EP 4108976 A1 EP4108976 A1 EP 4108976A1 EP 22190092 A EP22190092 A EP 22190092A EP 4108976 A1 EP4108976 A1 EP 4108976A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
positioning
tank
anchoring
support wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22190092.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc BOYEAU
Antoine PHILIPPE
Sébastien DELANOE
François Durand
Anthony DE FARIA
Vincent Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Original Assignee
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaztransport et Technigaz SA filed Critical Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Priority claimed from EP17720191.0A external-priority patent/EP3526512B1/de
Publication of EP4108976A1 publication Critical patent/EP4108976A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0379—Inert
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F17C2203/0651—Invar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/238—Filling of insulants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating membrane tanks.
  • the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks for the storage and/or transport of liquid at low temperature, such as tanks for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) having for example a temperature between -50°C and 0°C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at approximately -162°C at atmospheric pressure.
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • the insulating material of the insulating block can be damaged by rubbing against parts of the anchoring devices or the movement of the insulating blocks can create thermal bridges by promoting convection phenomena in the areas where the insulation would not be more continuous.
  • such displacements can locally cause additional elongations in the waterproof membrane if the latter is fixed to the insulating blocks, and therefore undesirable stress concentrations.
  • One idea underlying the invention is to provide a membrane cell wall structure that solves at least some of these drawbacks.
  • Another idea underlying the invention is to provide a membrane cell wall structure whose manufacture combines reliability and simplicity.
  • such a tank may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the insulating blocks it is possible to position the insulating blocks, or at least some of them, with certainty with respect to the anchoring members arranged in or beside the insulating blocks, by preventing them from sliding downwards from the support wall.
  • the repeated pattern formed by the insulating blocks can therefore be produced precisely, in particular by compensating for some of the deviations with respect to a perfectly periodic pattern.
  • Such deviations are in particular due to manufacturing tolerances of the support wall, which may be a wall of a supporting structure in which the sealed and thermally insulating tank is built or a secondary thermally insulating barrier covered with a secondary sealed membrane.
  • the positioning wedges can also be used to position the insulating blocks in a horizontal direction of the support wall, also to compensate for deviations from a perfectly periodic pattern.
  • the positioning wedge can be mounted in different ways on the projecting element According to one embodiment, the positioning wedge is arranged on the projecting element between the support wall and the clamping element, which makes it possible to fix simple and reliable way the positioning wedge in the tank wall. It is indeed important that the positioning wedge does not come off accidentally during the lifetime of the tank.
  • the positioning wedge is selected from a predetermined batch of positioning wedges having different dimensions, to adjust the predetermined distance between the lateral surface of said at least one insulating block and the projecting element.
  • a batch can be manufactured with dimensions progressing systematically along a predetermined scale, for example with a step of one or more millimeters.
  • the positioning wedge has a housing to receive the projecting element.
  • This housing can for example pass through the positioning wedge in a thickness direction of the positioning wedge.
  • a first abutment surface for example parallel to the direction of thickness and/or width of the insulating block, is located at a first predetermined distance from the housing and oriented in a first direction around the housing and a second abutment surface is located at a second predetermined distance from the housing and oriented in a second direction around the housing, the positioning wedge being configured to be engageable on the protrusion in a first position in which the first abutment surface is facing the upward direction of the support wall and in a second position in which the second abutment surface faces the upward direction of the support wall.
  • the same positioning shim can be used to make two different adjustments according to the amplitude of the deviations to be corrected, which makes it possible to limit an inventory of the various positioning shims to be used in the manufacture of the tank.
  • the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface are two opposite parallel surfaces of the positioning wedge arranged on either side of the housing.
  • the or each anchoring and positioning member comprises at least two projecting elements arranged between several of said juxtaposed insulating blocks and projecting towards the interior space of the tank.
  • the positioning wedge may have two housings passing through the positioning wedge along a thickness direction of the positioning wedge to receive the two projecting elements, a first abutment surface parallel to the thickness direction being located at a first predetermined distance from a first of the housings and a second abutment surface parallel to the first abutment surface being located at a second predetermined distance from a second of the housings, the positioning wedge being configured to be engageable on both projecting elements in a first position in which the first abutment surface faces the upward direction of the support wall to receive the side surface of the insulating block and in a second position in which the second abutment surface faces the upward direction of the support wall to receive the side surface of the insulating block, the second position being both permuted with respect to the first position.
  • the positioning wedge may be formed from a single piece or from several pieces.
  • the positioning wedge comprises a support body having a side surface configured as a first abutment surface and an adjustment insert or an adjustment band having a predetermined thickness mounted on the first abutment surface parallel to the first abutment surface, one surface of the adjustment insert or adjustment strip being configured as a second abutment surface spaced from the first abutment surface by the predetermined thickness of the adjustment insert or strip adjustment, the adjustment insert or the adjustment strip being removably mounted on the support body to selectively uncover the first abutment surface or cover the first abutment surface with the adjustment insert or the adjustment strip, so that the side surface of said at least one insulating block selectively abuts against the first or the second abutment surface of the positioning wedge.
  • the positioning wedge may further comprise one or more additional adjustment strips superimposed on the adjustment strip in a removable manner to allow adjustment of the predetermined distance between the lateral surface of said at least one insulating block and the projecting element .
  • the same positioning shim can be used to make two different settings, or even more, depending on the amplitude of the deviations to be made up, which makes it possible to limit an inventory of the various positioning shims to be used in the manufacture of the tank.
  • the adjustment insert or the adjustment strip and the or each additional adjustment strip can be mounted on the support body by any appropriate method, for example gluing, screwing, snap-fastening or interlocking.
  • the support body has a first clip and the adjustment insert has a side surface configured as a second clip adapted to be removably attached to the first clip to mount the insert adjustment on the support body, the adjustment insert having the side surface configured as a second abutment surface located opposite the second attachment.
  • the adjustment insert can be selected from a predetermined batch of adjustment inserts having different dimensions, to adjust the predetermined distance between the lateral surface of said at least one insulating block and the projecting element.
  • a batch can be manufactured with dimensions progressing systematically along a predetermined scale, for example with a step of one or more millimeters.
  • the first and second fasteners can be made in different ways, for example as tenon and mortise, screw and tapped hole, plug and socket, etc.
  • the abutment surface and the side surface of said at least one insulating block can have different geometries.
  • the abutment surface and the side surface of said at least one insulating block are flat and parallel.
  • one or each parallelepipedic insulating block comprises a box in which the thermal insulation is housed, said box comprising a bottom panel, a cover panel and optionally side panels developing between said bottom panel and the cover panel.
  • one or each parallelepipedic insulating block comprises a bottom panel and a cover panel with an interposed block of foam forming the thermal insulation.
  • one or each insulating block comprises a bottom panel and the lateral surface of the insulating block in abutment against the positioning wedge comprises a lateral surface of said bottom panel.
  • the positioning block can simply be placed on the support surface at the same level as the bottom panels.
  • the bottom panel may have a generally rectangular shape with a re-entrant cutout at the four corners of the bottom panel, and an outer side surface of the re-entrant cutout of the bottom panel abuts against the positioning wedge.
  • the re-entrant cutout of the bottom panel comprises two external lateral surfaces parallel to respectively a direction of length and a direction of width of the bottom panel and arranged in abutment against two mutually perpendicular abutment surfaces of the positioning wedge .
  • the re-entrant cutout of the bottom panel comprises an outer lateral surface oblique with respect to a direction of length and a direction of width of the bottom panel and disposed in abutment against the abutment surface of the positioning wedge .
  • the sealed membrane of the or each vessel wall comprises a first series of undulations developing along a first direction, and a second series of undulations developing along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the corrugations of the waterproof membrane can be formed in different ways. According to embodiments, the corrugations protrude in the direction of the interior of the tank with respect to the flat portions, or else the corrugations protrude in the direction of the exterior of the tank with respect to the flat portions and are housed in grooves made in the cover panels of the insulating blocks. If several membranes are present, these embodiments can be combined.
  • the anchoring and positioning members can be arranged in different ways relative to the insulating blocks.
  • the anchoring and positioning member can be positioned to anchor or contribute to anchoring a single insulating block or several insulating blocks simultaneously, for example two, three or four insulating blocks.
  • the projecting element is arranged between several of said juxtaposed insulating blocks and one or more of the insulating blocks between which the projecting element is arranged have an external lateral surface in abutment against the abutment surface of the positioning wedge.
  • the insulating blocks are arranged in the form of a plurality of rows parallel to each other, each row extending for example along a horizontal level line of the vessel wall or obliquely, and a anchoring and positioning member is arranged at an interface between at least two insulating blocks of a row.
  • the abutment surface of the positioning wedge cooperates with an outer side surface of each of the at least two insulating blocks of the row, so that the positioning wedge maintains the outer side surface of each of the at least two insulating blocks of the row at a predetermined distance from the protruding element.
  • the anchoring and positioning member is arranged between an upper row of insulating blocks located on the support surface above the anchoring and positioning member and a lower row of insulating blocks located on the surface support below the anchoring and positioning member, and the abutment surface of the positioning wedge cooperates with an outer side surface of each of the at least two insulating blocks of the upper row.
  • the anchoring and positioning member is arranged at an interface between at least two insulating blocks of the upper row and at an interface between at least two insulating blocks of the lower row , the clamping element being configured to cooperate with the at least two insulating blocks of the upper row and the at least two insulating blocks of the lower row to clamp said insulating blocks against the support wall.
  • the anchoring and positioning member can contribute to simultaneously anchoring at least four insulating blocks.
  • the projecting element is engaged in a housing formed in the thickness of an insulating block at a distance from the edges of the insulating block, the housing being delimited by a internal side surface of the insulating block, the internal side surface being in abutment against the abutment surface of the positioning wedge.
  • the clamping element and the projecting element can be made in different ways.
  • the clamping element has the shape of a cross or of a rectangular plate.
  • the projecting element comprises a threaded stud.
  • the support wall can be a wall of a supporting structure in which the sealed and thermally insulating tank is constructed.
  • the thermally insulating barrier can be unique and the waterproof membrane can be unique.
  • the thermally insulating barrier can be a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the waterproof membrane a secondary waterproof membrane, the vessel wall further comprising a primary thermally insulating barrier arranged on the secondary sealed membrane and a primary sealed membrane carried by said primary thermally insulating barrier.
  • a shim is preferably arranged around the projecting element of the anchoring and positioning member and between the supporting structure and the positioning shim in the thickness direction of the vessel wall, the shim thickness having an inner surface on which the insulating blocks between which the projecting element is arranged are held in abutment by the clamping element.
  • the support wall may be a secondary thermally insulating barrier covered with a secondary waterproof membrane.
  • the thermally insulating barrier is a primary thermally insulating barrier of the vessel wall, the sealed membrane carried by said primary thermally insulating barrier being a primary sealed membrane, the vessel wall further comprising a secondary thermally insulating barrier covered with a secondary waterproof membrane and forming said support wall.
  • the projecting element of the anchoring and positioning member is fixed to the secondary thermally insulating barrier and projects with respect to the internal surface of the secondary sealed membrane.
  • Such a tank can be part of an onshore storage installation, for example to store liquefied gas or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep-water structure, in particular an LNG carrier, an LPG transport ship, a floating unit storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • LNG carrier for example to store liquefied gas
  • LPG transport ship for example to transport LNG
  • FSRU floating unit storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a vessel for the transport of a cold liquid product comprises a hull and an aforementioned tank placed in the hull.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a ship, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the ship's tank.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating storage installation or land and a pump to cause a flow of cold liquid product through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the ship.
  • each wall of the support structure carries a respective tank wall.
  • each of the vessel walls is composed of a single thermally insulating barrier carrying a single sealed membrane in contact with a fluid stored in the vessel such as liquefied petroleum gas comprising butane, propane, propene or the like and having an equilibrium temperature between -50°C and 0°C.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a vertical or oblique wall of the tank according to the first embodiment.
  • the arrow 100 indicates the direction of greatest slope of the vessel wall and is oriented upwards.
  • the thermally insulating barrier of the vessel wall consists of a plurality of parallelepipedal heat-insulating elements 8 anchored over the entire load-bearing wall 1.
  • the heat-insulating elements 8 together form a flat surface on which is anchored a waterproof membrane 12, illustrated skinned.
  • the heat-insulating elements 8 are juxtaposed in a regular rectangular mesh.
  • the heat-insulating elements 8 are anchored to the load-bearing wall 1 using anchoring members 10 arranged at each node of the regular rectangular mesh.
  • Each heat-insulating element 8 comprises a bottom panel 17, two longitudinal side panels 21, two transverse side panels 22 and a cover panel 19. All these panels are rectangular in shape and delimit an internal space of the heat-insulating element.
  • the bottom panel 17 and the cover panel 19 develop parallel to each other and parallel to the load-bearing wall 1.
  • the side panels 21, 22 develop perpendicular to the bottom panel 17 and connect the bottom panel 17 and the cover panel 19 over the entire periphery of the heat insulating element.
  • Bearing spacers can be arranged between the panel of bottom 17 and the cover panel 19 in the internal space of the thermal insulation element, parallel to the longitudinal side panels 21.
  • the transverse side panels 22 developing perpendicularly to the longitudinal side panels 21 comprise through holes 23.
  • These holes crossing 23 are intended to allow the circulation of inert gas in the thermally insulating barrier.
  • the panels and the supporting spacers are attached by any appropriate means, for example screws, staples or nails, and together form a box in which is placed a heat-insulating lining, not shown.
  • This heat-insulating lining is preferably non-structural, for example perlite or glass wool or low-density polymer foam, for example of the order of 10 to 50 kg/m ⁇ 3 .
  • the bottom panel 17 has longitudinal flanges 11 projecting from the longitudinal side panels 21 and transverse flanges 56 projecting from the transverse side panels 22. heat-insulating element 8 to cooperate with the anchoring members 10.
  • the figure 1 also shows the beads of mastic 60 on which a heat-insulating element 8 rests. These beads of mastic 60 are preferably non-adhesive to allow sliding play of the heat-insulating element 8 with respect to the load-bearing wall 1.
  • the anchoring of the elements insulation 8 to the load-bearing wall is produced each time using four anchoring members 10 arranged at the four corners, in which an anchoring member 10 cooperates each time with four adjacent insulating elements 8.
  • the anchoring members 10 are arranged at the corners of each heat-insulating element 8.
  • Each cleat 57 of the heat-insulating elements 8 cooperates with a respective anchoring member 10, the same support member 10 cooperating with the cleats 57 of four heat-insulating elements 8 adjacent.
  • the corners of the adjacent heat-insulating elements 8 include a clearance jointly forming a chimney in line with the anchoring member 10. This chimney allows access to the fixing member 10 during assembly.
  • This chimney is filled with a heat-insulating lining 41 and covered with a blanking plate 42 in order to form a flat surface with the cover panels of the heat-insulating elements 8.
  • the figure 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the anchoring member 10.
  • a pin 38 develops perpendicular to the bearing wall 1.
  • One end of the pin 38 opposite the bearing wall 1 has a thread.
  • a support plate 39 of rectangular shape has a central hole through which the stud 38 passes.
  • a nut 40 is mounted on the threaded end of the stud 38.
  • the support plate 39 of each stud 38 is thus held in abutment by said nut 40 against a tank side face of the cleats 57.
  • the figure 1 also shows a stack of Belleville washers 37 inserted between the support plate 39 and the nut 40 to press the support plate 39 elastically on the heat-insulating elements 8.
  • the threaded stud 38 is screwed into a split nut 61 housed in a hollow base 62.
  • the hollow base 62 containing the split nut 61 has been previously welded to the bearing wall 1.
  • the mounting of the 38 threaded stud is simple.
  • the threaded stud 38 can be welded directly to the load-bearing wall 1.
  • a shim 63 is placed on the bearing wall 1 around the hollow base 62 to receive the corners of the four adjacent heat-insulating elements 8 which will rest on it.
  • the shims 63 and the beads of mastic 60 are used to make up for flatness defects in the load-bearing wall and thus provide a flat surface on which to rest the heat-insulating elements 8.
  • a positioning shim 64 projecting above the shim 63 is mounted on the shim 63, around the hollow base 62.
  • the positioning shims 64 serve as abutment for positioning the wedges heat insulating elements 8.
  • the longitudinal flange 11 is exactly the length of the longitudinal side panel 21 and the transverse flange 56 is exactly the length of the transverse side panel 22, so that the end surfaces of the longitudinal flange 11 and the transverse edge 56 at the corner form two orthogonal surfaces, which delimit a re-entrant cutout 9 with respect to the rectangular contour of the bottom panel 17, and which can come into contact against two corresponding facets of the positioning wedge 64.
  • the positioning shim 64 and the thickness shim 63 could be manufactured in one piece, but this would require greatly increasing the number of shims in order to cover all the dimensional combinations.
  • the figure 4 is an enlarged top view of the vessel wall plumb with an anchoring member 10 and shows more precisely the position of the four heat-insulating elements 8 with respect to the positioning wedge 64.
  • the thickness wedge 63 and the support plate 39 are sketched in broken lines.
  • the insulating blocks are arranged in the form of a plurality of rows parallel to horizontal level lines, namely here an upper row 3 and lower row 4.
  • anchor 10 is placed between the upper row 3 and the lower row 4 and at the level of an interface between two heat-insulating elements 8 of the upper row 3 and at the level of an interface between two heat-insulating elements 8 of the lower row 4.
  • the support plate 39 cooperates both with the two heat-insulating elements 8 of the upper row 3 and the two heat-insulating elements 8 of the lower row 4 to clamp the four heat-insulating elements 8 against the load-bearing wall 1.
  • the positioning wedge 64 is arranged on the top side of the hollow base 62 and has a first abutment surface 5 facing the top of the bearing wall which receives in abutment the end surfaces of the longitudinal flange 11 of the two heat-insulating elements. 8 of the upper row 3. This stop ensures a certain and durable positioning of the heat-insulating elements 8 along the direction of greatest slope 100.
  • the positioning wedge 64 has a second abutment surface 6 facing the side which receives in abutment the end surfaces of the transverse flange 56 of the two heat-insulating elements 8 located on the right of the figure 4 .
  • This stop ensures certain and lasting positioning of the heat-insulating elements 8 along the direction perpendicular to the direction of greatest slope 100. Due to the positioning clearances, a gap then remains between the opposite surface 7 of the positioning wedge 64 and the end surfaces of the transverse rim 56 of the two heat-insulating elements 8 located on the left of the figure 4 .
  • the choice of abutting the heat-insulating elements 8 by the right side or by the left side is technically equivalent if the rows of heat-insulating elements 8 are horizontal.
  • the rows of heat-insulating elements 8 are oblique, it is preferable to abut the side of the heat-insulating element 8 where the lowest corner is located.
  • the abutment position of the heat insulating element 8 against the positioning block 64 is a stable position under the effect of the weight of the heat-insulating element 8.
  • the anchoring member 10 also performs a function of positioning the heat-insulating elements 8.
  • all the anchoring members 10 are anchoring and positioning members so that all the heat-insulating elements 8 of the wall are positioned reliably.
  • the positioning wedge 64 could be omitted from some of the anchoring members 10, in particular if the anchoring members 10 were even more numerous.
  • the positioning wedge 64 has interior recesses facing the two heat-insulating elements 8 of the upper row 3 making it possible to provide flexibility when positioning the positioning wedge 64 on the base 62 and thus to facilitate its installation. .
  • the waterproof membrane 12 consists of a plurality of metal plates juxtaposed to each other with overlap. These metal plates are preferably rectangular in shape. The metal plates are welded together to ensure the tightness of the waterproof membrane.
  • Each heat-insulating element 8 has, on one face on the tank side, two perpendicular anchoring strips 14 housed in respective counterbores and screwed or riveted onto the cover panels.
  • the anchoring strips 14 are preferably arranged parallel to the undulations 13.
  • the anchoring strips 14 develop on a central portion of the counterbores in which they are housed.
  • Thermal protections 54 are housed in the ends of the counterbores.
  • the corners and edges of the metal plates are located in line with the anchoring strips 14 of the heat-insulating elements 8 which support the waterproof membrane 12.
  • the metal plates of the waterproof membrane 12 are welded to the anchoring strips 14 on which they rest. .
  • the thermal protections 54 prevent the degradation of the heat-insulating elements 8 during the welding of the metal plates to each other along their edges.
  • the thermal protections 54 are made of a heat-resistant material, for example a composite material based on glass fibres. The welding of the metal plates to the anchoring strips 14 makes it possible to retain the waterproof membrane 12 on the insulating barrier.
  • the metal plates comprise a plurality of corrugations 13 oriented towards the inside the tank. More particularly, the waterproof membrane 12 comprises a first series of undulations 13 and a second series of undulations 13 forming a regular rectangular pattern.
  • each corrugated metal plate has a thickness offset in a raised edge area 66 along two out of four edges, the other two edges being flat.
  • the raised edge area 66 serves to cover the flat edge area of an adjacent metal plate and will eventually be continuously welded thereto to provide a tight connection between the two metal plates.
  • the raised border area 66 is obtained by a folding operation also called jogging.
  • the technique described above for making a tank with a single sealed membrane can also be used in different types of tanks, for example to form a double membrane tank for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in a land installation or in a floating structure. like an LNG carrier or other.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the waterproof membrane illustrated in the preceding figures is a secondary waterproof membrane, and that a primary insulating barrier as well as a primary waterproof membrane, not shown, must still be added to this secondary waterproof membrane.
  • this technique can also be applied to tanks having a plurality of thermally insulating barriers and superimposed sealed membranes.
  • a second embodiment of the flat tank wall, more particularly suited to a double membrane tank, will now be described with reference to the figures 5 to 7 .
  • FIG. 5 there is shown in cutaway view the multilayer structure of a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid.
  • the wall of the tank comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 comprising insulating blocks 202 juxtaposed and fixed to the supporting structure 203, a secondary waterproof membrane 204 carried by the blocks insulators 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201, a primary thermal insulation barrier 205 comprising insulating blocks 206 juxtaposed and anchored to the insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 by primary retaining members and a primary waterproof membrane 207, carried by the insulating blocks 206 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 205 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the vessel.
  • the load-bearing structure 203 can in particular be a self-supporting sheet metal or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
  • the load-bearing structure 203 can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the support structure 203 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
  • the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 comprises a plurality of insulating blocks 202 glued to the support structure 203 by means of adhesive resin cords, not shown.
  • the resin cords must be sufficiently adhesive to ensure alone the anchoring of the insulating blocks 202.
  • the insulating blocks 202 can be anchored by means of the aforementioned anchoring members 10 or similar mechanical devices placed on the periphery of the blocks insulating blocks 202 or in the interior of the insulating blocks 202.
  • the insulating blocks 202 have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the insulating blocks 202 are juxtaposed in parallel rows and separated from each other by interstices guaranteeing functional assembly play.
  • the insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier carry primary anchoring members 219, for example threaded studs or metal rods, and the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises a plurality of juxtaposed rectangular parallelepipedic insulating blocks 206 anchored to the primary anchoring members .
  • the secondary waterproof membrane 204 comprises for example a plurality of corrugated metal plates each having a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the corrugated metal plates are arranged offset from the insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 such that each of said corrugated metal plates extends jointly over at least four adjacent insulating blocks 202.
  • the secondary waterproof membrane 204 has cutouts to allow the primary anchoring members 219 to protrude above the secondary waterproof membrane 204, and the edges of the cutouts of the secondary waterproof membrane 204 are welded in a sealed manner to anchoring parts metallic insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier all around the primary anchoring members 219.
  • these cutouts are made on the edges of the rectangular plates, but they can also be made in a flat portion located within a rectangular plate.
  • the insulating blocks 202 each include a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between an inner rigid plate which constitutes a cover panel and an outer rigid plate which constitutes a bottom panel.
  • the internal and external rigid plates are, for example, plywood plates glued to said layer of insulating polymer foam.
  • the insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based foam.
  • the polymer foam is advantageously reinforced with glass fibers helping to reduce its thermal contraction.
  • the inner plate 210 has two series of two grooves, perpendicular to each other, so as to form a network of grooves.
  • Each of the series of grooves is parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating blocks 202.
  • the grooves 5 are intended to receive undulations 13, projecting towards the outside of the tank, formed on the metal sheets of the sealing barrier. secondary 204.
  • Each corrugated metal plate has a first series of parallel corrugations 13 extending along a first direction and a second series of parallel corrugations 13 extending along a second direction.
  • the directions of the series of undulations 13 are perpendicular.
  • Each of the series of corrugations 13 is parallel to two opposite edges of the corrugated metal plate.
  • the corrugations 13 here protrude towards the outside of the tank, that is to say in the direction of the supporting structure 203.
  • the corrugated metal plate comprises between the corrugations 13 a plurality of flat portions. At each intersection between two undulations 13, the metal sheet has a node zone.
  • the area node has a central portion having a top projecting outwardly from the tank.
  • the secondary waterproof membrane 204 is, for example, made of Invar® : that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content, the expansion coefficient of which is typically of the order of 7.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the secondary waterproof membrane 204 can also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.
  • the primary thermal insulation barrier 205 here comprises a plurality of insulating blocks 206 of substantially rectangular parallelepipedal shape.
  • the insulating blocks 206 are offset with respect to the insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 so that each insulating block 206 extends over several insulating blocks 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201, for example over four or eight insulating blocks 202.
  • the insulating blocks 206 are capable of moving by sliding on the secondary sealed membrane 204 if they are only retained by clamping.
  • at least on a non-horizontal wall or on all the walls at least some of the primary anchoring members 219, for example those located at the bottom corners of the insulating blocks 206, are configured as primary anchoring and positioning for the insulating blocks 206 of the wall are reliably positioned.
  • a positioning wedge can be arranged similarly to the positioning wedge 64 of the first embodiment.
  • the fixing of an insulating block 206 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 205 on a primary anchoring and positioning member carried by the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201 can be carried out, in one embodiment, in the manner illustrated on the figure 7 .
  • the figure 7 is a top view of the barrier of primary thermal insulation 205 directly above zone VII of the figure 5 , showing an embodiment of the primary anchoring and positioning member.
  • the primary anchoring and positioning member comprises a stud 15 which protrudes with respect to the secondary waterproof membrane 204 in a square-shaped clearance 30 formed between the adjacent corners of four of the insulating blocks 206.
  • the clearance 30 is formed at the means of a re-entrant cutout 7 formed in each corner of each insulating block 206.
  • the insulating block 206 has a diagonal groove 18 which uncovers an area 29 of the outer rigid plate adjacent to the re-entrant cutout 7.
  • a clamping element 65 in the form of a cross sketched on the figure 7 comprises lugs 68 housed inside the diagonal grooves 18 and bearing against the zone 29 of the outer plate exposed inside the groove, so as to sandwich the outer plate between a lug 68 and a block insulation 202 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 201.
  • the clamping element 65 is engaged on the stud 15. Furthermore, a nut, not shown, cooperates with the thread of the stud 15 so as to ensure the fixing of the tightening 65.
  • a positioning wedge 16 is engaged on the pin 15 between the clamping element 65 and the portion of secondary sealed membrane 204 uncovered at the bottom of the clearance 30.
  • the clamping element 65 can be formed as illustrated in the figure 6 , with a generally domed shape comprising a central part 67 under which the positioning wedge 16 can be accommodated, and legs 68 angled towards the outer side of the tank relative to the central part 67.
  • the end of each leg 68 comprises a portion parallel to the central part 67 to bear flat on the zone 29 of the outer plate.
  • the central part 67 has a bore 66 for the passage of the pin 15.
  • the positioning wedge can be made in different ways.
  • the positioning wedge 16 has a bore 20 with a slot 21 to provide an elastic clearance allowing the positioning wedge 16 to be snapped onto an appropriate portion of the stud 15.
  • a planar abutment surface 22 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the bore 20 and facing in the upward direction of the vessel wall in operation.
  • a side surface of the outer plate of the two insulating blocks 206 located higher than the positioning wedge comes into abutment against the surface flat abutment 22. This side surface is located here in the re-entrant cutout 7 formed in the corner of the insulating block 206.
  • the figure 8 shows a batch of positioning wedges 16 having different dimensions, to adjust the predetermined distance between the side surface of the insulating block 206 and the pin 15.
  • This batch is here manufactured with dimensions progressing systematically along a predetermined scale , for example with a pitch of three millimeters.
  • a mark 24 indicating the dimension of the positioning block 16 can be printed or engraved on the latter to facilitate the assembly operations.
  • the mark 24 here indicates the dimension as a deviation from a nominal dimension marked "0".
  • a color code may be used alternatively or in combination with the 24 mark.
  • the positioning wedge 25 is asymmetrical and has a bore 26 to receive the pin 15, a first abutment surface 27 located at a first predetermined distance from the bore 26 and oriented in a first direction and a second abutment surface 28 located at a second predetermined distance from the bore 26 and oriented in a second direction, opposite the first abutment surface 27.
  • the positioning wedge 25 can be engaged on the pin 15 in two positions rotated by 180° relative to each other, so that the first abutment surface 27 or the second abutment surface 28 is facing the upward direction. and receives the side surface of the insulating blocks 206 located above.
  • the abutment surfaces 27 and 28 could be oriented at 90° to each other or at another angle. A larger number of abutment surfaces could be provided.
  • the figure 9 shows a batch of positioning wedges 25 having different dimensions, knowing that each copy already provides two dimensions corresponding to two settings. Markings 24 indicating both dimensions can be used as in the positioning block 16.
  • the figures 10 and 11 illustrate a positioning wedge 31 comprising a support body 32 having a side surface 33 configured as a first abutment surface and an adjustment strip 34 having a predetermined thickness mounted on the first abutment surface.
  • One surface 35 of adjustment band 34 is configured as a second abutment surface spaced from the first abutment surface by the predetermined thickness of the adjustment band.
  • the adjustment strip 34 is removably mounted on the support body 32.
  • the positioning wedge 31 also provides two dimensions corresponding to two adjustments. Markings 24 indicating both dimensions can be used as in the positioning wedge 16.
  • the positioning wedge 44 comprises a support body 45 provided with a bore 46 and several adjustment bands 47 removably superimposed on the support body 45 to allow the distance between the abutment surface 48 and the bore to be adjusted 46.
  • the adjustment strips 47 are here mounted with screws 49, but other assembly techniques are possible.
  • the positioning block 50 comprises a support body 51 having two opposite side surfaces configured as dovetail studs 52. Alternatively, more or less than two dovetail studs could be provided.
  • An adjustment insert 53 has a side surface configured as a dovetail groove 54 is adapted to engage either of the dovetail lugs 52 to removably attach the adjustment insert. Adjust 53 on the support body 51.
  • the adjustment insert 53 has a side surface 55 configured as abutment surface located opposite the dovetail groove 54.
  • the figures 14 and 15 show two faces of the support body 51.
  • the figures 16 to 18 show a predetermined batch of three adjustment inserts 53 having different dimensions.
  • the figure 19 is a view analogous to figure 7 showing the use of the positioning wedge 50 to position the insulating blocks 206 with respect to the stud 15.
  • the figure 21 schematically illustrates, in two different positions, an anchoring and positioning member 82 that can be used in the vessel walls described above.
  • the anchoring and positioning member 82 comprises two projecting elements 83, 84 arranged between several of said juxtaposed insulating blocks and projecting towards the interior space of the tank.
  • the positioning wedge 85 has two housings 86, 87 passing through the positioning wedge 85 according to the thickness to receive the two projecting elements 83, 84.
  • a first abutment surface 88 is located at a first distance b from the center of the housing 86 and a second abutment surface 89 parallel to the first abutment surface 88 is located at a second distance B from the center of the housing 87.
  • the positioning wedge 85 can be engaged on the two projecting elements 83, 84 in the two positions shown, the second position being permuted with respect to the first position.
  • the figure 20 schematically illustrates another vessel wall employing anchoring and positioning members 90 arranged at the corners of the insulating blocks 91.
  • the waterproof membrane is omitted.
  • the insulating blocks 91 have an octagonal outline derived from a rectangle whose corners have been cut obliquely.
  • the oblique surfaces 92 located at the bottom of the insulating blocks 91 cooperate with the abutment surfaces 95, also oblique, of two positioning wedges 93.
  • the anchoring and positioning member 90 here comprises five projecting rods 94 and each positioning wedge 93 is engaged on two of them. A greater or lesser number of protruding stems could however be expected.
  • the implementation may be similar to the embodiments described above.
  • the periodic pattern with which the insulating blocks are arranged is not necessarily a regular rectangular mesh.
  • the figure 22 and 23 illustrate a different pattern, in which the insulating blocks have a rectangular outline and comprise insulating blocks 96 whose length is oriented in the direction of greater slope 100, and insulating blocks 97 whose width is oriented in the direction of greater slope 100, alternated with each other.
  • the side surface 98 located at the bottom of an insulating block 97 cooperates with two positioning wedges 99 located at two longitudinal ends of the insulating block 97.
  • the anchoring and positioning member 101 here comprises five or seven protruding rods 102 and each positioning wedge 99 is engaged on two of them. A greater or lesser number of protruding stems could however be expected.
  • the implementation may be similar to the embodiments described above.
  • Locating Shims 99 are rectangular plates that are used in two different orientations between the figure 22 and the figure 23 .
  • the abutment surface is parallel to the width of the positioning wedge 99.
  • a longitudinal dimension of the positioning wedge 99 therefore serves to adjust the positioning of the insulating block 97 with respect to the anchoring and positioning member 101.
  • the abutment surface is parallel to the length of the positioning wedge 99.
  • a transverse dimension of the positioning wedge 99 therefore serves to adjust the positioning of the insulating block 97 with respect to the anchoring and positioning member 101.
  • the positioning wedges described above can be used in a similar way with anchoring devices made differently, for example the anchoring devices taught in FR-A-2887010 , FR-A-2973098 or in WO-A-2013093262 .
  • the figures 17 and 18 represent yet another embodiment of the vessel wall in which, unlike the previous embodiments, the positioning wedge 364 cooperates with an internal lateral surface of an insulating block 308.
  • the elements similar or identical to those of the figure 1 bear the same reference number increased by 300.
  • the insulating block 308 is part of a repeated series of insulating blocks which covers a support surface 301 on which are fixed projecting rods 338 serving to anchor the insulating blocks 308.
  • the insulating block 308 comprises each time a housing formed at a distance from the edges, for example in a middle zone of the insulating block 308, in the thickness of the insulating block 308.
  • the insulating block comprises a block of insulating material 58, for example polyurethane foam, sandwiched between a cover panel 319 and a bottom panel 317, for example made of plywood.
  • the housing here comprises a chimney 59 which passes through the entire thickness of the cover panel 319 and of the block of insulating material 58 to uncover a zone 69 of the bottom panel on which the clamping element 339 exerts a pressure in the mounted position.
  • the housing further comprises a bore 309 made through the bottom panel 317 in the extension of the chimney 59 to receive the rod 338.
  • the positioning wedge 364 is engaged on the rod 338 and cooperates with the inner side surface of the bore 309.
  • it is an inner side surface of the bottom panel 317 which here comes into contact with the positioning wedge 364.
  • the positioning wedge 364 could be positioned higher in the chimney 59, above or below the clamping element 339, in particular by providing a protective coating on the area of the insulating material where the positioning wedge comes in contact.
  • the chimney 59 is filled with a thermal insulation 341 after the installation of the clamping element 339.
  • Positioning wedge 364 can have different shapes, designed to come into contact with one or more areas of the inner side surface of bore 309.
  • the elliptical shape of the positioning wedge 364 has two abutment zones oriented obliquely with respect to the direction of greatest slope 100.
  • the elliptical shape is asymmetrical in order to allow the wedge to be used to position the panel in two different cases by rotating the wedge 180°.
  • the XVII-XVII cutting line passes through one of the two abutment zones.
  • Other shapes are possible, in particular regular or irregular polygonal shapes.
  • the positioning wedges described above are preferably made of injection molded plastic material, for example high density polyethylene. Other materials, in particular metal, can also be used.
  • the mounting of the positioning wedges by engagement on a rod, stud or other projecting element of the anchoring member can be carried out very quickly.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary tight barrier intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank, a secondary tight barrier arranged between the primary tight barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
  • the ship comprises a single hull.
  • loading/unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal to transfer a cargo of liquefied gas from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 24 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipeline 76 and an installation on land 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
  • the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading/unloading pipes 73.
  • the orientable mobile arm 74 adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the shore installation 77.
  • This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a great distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and/or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and/or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP22190092.1A 2015-10-13 2017-04-03 Dichter und wärmeisolierter tank Pending EP4108976A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1559744A FR3042253B1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2015-10-13 Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
PCT/FR2016/052648 WO2017064426A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2016-10-13 Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante
EP17720191.0A EP3526512B1 (de) 2016-10-13 2017-04-03 Wärmeisolierender abgedichteter tank
PCT/FR2017/050779 WO2018069585A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2017-04-03 Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17720191.0A Division EP3526512B1 (de) 2015-10-13 2017-04-03 Wärmeisolierender abgedichteter tank

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4108976A1 true EP4108976A1 (de) 2022-12-28

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ID=55072901

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16791660.0A Active EP3362732B1 (de) 2015-10-13 2016-10-13 Abgedichteter und wärmeisolierender tank
EP22190092.1A Pending EP4108976A1 (de) 2015-10-13 2017-04-03 Dichter und wärmeisolierter tank

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EP16791660.0A Active EP3362732B1 (de) 2015-10-13 2016-10-13 Abgedichteter und wärmeisolierender tank

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US (1) US10578248B2 (de)
EP (2) EP3362732B1 (de)
JP (4) JP6564926B2 (de)
KR (4) KR102101324B1 (de)
CN (4) CN107835915B (de)
DK (1) DK3526512T3 (de)
ES (2) ES2768991T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3042253B1 (de)
PH (2) PH12018500091A1 (de)
PL (1) PL3362732T3 (de)
PT (1) PT3526512T (de)
RU (2) RU2021117782A (de)
SG (2) SG11201800151VA (de)
WO (3) WO2017064413A1 (de)

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CN113494677B (zh) * 2020-03-18 2023-03-24 大宇造船海洋株式会社 液化天然气储罐的隔热结构
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FR3111178B1 (fr) * 2020-06-03 2022-05-06 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante intégrée dans une structure porteuse
KR102335580B1 (ko) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-03 현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 저장탱크 및 이를 포함하는 선박
KR102335578B1 (ko) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-03 현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 저장탱크 및 이를 포함하는 선박
KR102459477B1 (ko) * 2020-09-25 2022-10-27 현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 저장탱크 및 이를 포함하는 선박
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FR3128003B1 (fr) 2021-10-08 2023-09-22 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dispositif d’ancrage destiné à retenir des blocs isolants
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JP2019523368A (ja) 2019-08-22
ES2768991T3 (es) 2020-06-24
EP3362732A1 (de) 2018-08-22
JP6742407B2 (ja) 2020-08-19
KR20180069780A (ko) 2018-06-25
PT3526512T (pt) 2022-09-06
RU2750589C2 (ru) 2021-06-29
CN107835915B (zh) 2019-11-15
FR3042253A1 (fr) 2017-04-14
ES2927743T3 (es) 2022-11-10
RU2019110839A3 (de) 2020-11-13
KR102558859B1 (ko) 2023-07-25
DK3526512T3 (da) 2022-11-07
CN108603634B (zh) 2021-07-06
CN108368970A (zh) 2018-08-03
US10578248B2 (en) 2020-03-03
CN108368970B (zh) 2020-07-17
EP3362732B1 (de) 2019-11-06
CN113432031A (zh) 2021-09-24
RU2019110839A (ru) 2020-11-13
WO2017064413A1 (fr) 2017-04-20
CN113432031B (zh) 2022-11-29
JP2018534488A (ja) 2018-11-22
KR20210148430A (ko) 2021-12-07
US20180216782A1 (en) 2018-08-02
KR20190072492A (ko) 2019-06-25
KR20180016558A (ko) 2018-02-14
KR102335746B1 (ko) 2021-12-07
WO2017064426A1 (fr) 2017-04-20
KR102101324B1 (ko) 2020-04-16
SG11201903279PA (en) 2019-05-30
CN108603634A (zh) 2018-09-28
PH12018500091A1 (en) 2018-07-09
JP6564926B2 (ja) 2019-08-21
PH12019500814A1 (en) 2020-01-20
KR102432640B1 (ko) 2022-08-16
JP2018533701A (ja) 2018-11-15
CN107835915A (zh) 2018-03-23
JP7042855B2 (ja) 2022-03-28
PL3362732T3 (pl) 2020-07-27
JP6650050B2 (ja) 2020-02-19
RU2021117782A (ru) 2021-07-22
FR3042253B1 (fr) 2018-05-18
SG11201800151VA (en) 2018-02-27
JP2020079080A (ja) 2020-05-28
WO2018069585A1 (fr) 2018-04-19

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