EP3198186B1 - Abgedichtetes und isoliertes gefäss mit einem überbrückungselement zwischen den platten der sekundären isolierbarriere - Google Patents

Abgedichtetes und isoliertes gefäss mit einem überbrückungselement zwischen den platten der sekundären isolierbarriere Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3198186B1
EP3198186B1 EP15780923.7A EP15780923A EP3198186B1 EP 3198186 B1 EP3198186 B1 EP 3198186B1 EP 15780923 A EP15780923 A EP 15780923A EP 3198186 B1 EP3198186 B1 EP 3198186B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
panels
series
bridging
thermal insulation
Prior art date
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EP15780923.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3198186A1 (de
Inventor
Mickaël HERRY
Marc BOYEAU
Bruno Deletre
Antoine PHILIPPE
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F17C2203/0651—Invar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
  • Sealed and thermally insulating membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at approximately -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on land or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the vessel may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or for receiving liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • sealed and thermally insulating tanks for storing liquefied natural gas, integrated into a supporting structure, such as the double hull of a ship intended for transporting liquefied natural gas.
  • a supporting structure such as the double hull of a ship intended for transporting liquefied natural gas.
  • such tanks comprise a multilayer structure having successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained in the supporting structure, a waterproofing membrane. secondary resting against the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a primary thermal insulation barrier resting against the secondary waterproofing membrane and a primary waterproofing membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
  • a secondary waterproofing membrane consisting of a plurality of metal sheets comprising corrugations projecting outwardly from the tank and thus allowing the secondary waterproofing membrane to deform under the effect of thermal stresses and mechanical generated by the fluid stored in the tank.
  • the secondary thermal insulation barrier is composed of a plurality of insulating panels juxtaposed against the supporting structure. The insulation panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier are separated by interstices at inside which are inserted the corrugations of the metal sheets of the secondary waterproofing membrane. Furthermore, the metal sheets of the secondary waterproofing membrane are welded to metal plates fixed to the internal face of the insulating blocks of the secondary thermal insulation barrier so as to anchor the secondary waterproofing membrane on the barrier. secondary thermal insulation.
  • the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier tend to retract so that they move away from each other.
  • the insulation boards can also deviate from each other due to the deformation of the double hull of the vessel.
  • the separation of the insulating panels from the secondary thermal insulation barrier leads to significant stresses on the secondary waterproofing membrane.
  • this spacing puts even more stress on the secondary waterproofing membrane as the latter is sandwiched between the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier and those of the primary thermal insulation barrier and that the spacing of the insulating panels therefore generates friction of the secondary waterproofing membrane against the insulating panels of the primary and secondary thermal insulation barriers.
  • a secondary waterproofing membrane made up of a plurality of corrugated metal sheets having corrugations projecting outwardly from the tank, which is fixed to couplers directly connected to the supporting structure.
  • a secondary waterproofing membrane is not directly attached to the insulating panels of the secondary thermally insulating barrier, it is not mechanically impacted during a mutual separation of the insulating panels.
  • such a design is not satisfactory either.
  • fixing of the secondary waterproofing membrane on the couplers only ensures point connections of the secondary waterproofing membrane such that the latter is not stressed in a homogeneous manner.
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane being sandwiched between the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier and those of the primary thermal insulation barrier, the mutual spacing of the insulation panels of the thermal insulation barrier secondary still leads to a mechanical stress on the secondary waterproofing membrane taking into account the friction exerted between it and the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier.
  • An idea at the basis of the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank equipped with a secondary waterproofing membrane comprising a plurality of metal sheets comprising corrugations and in which said secondary waterproofing membrane is weakly stressed and of homogeneous manner, in particular when the tank is cold.
  • the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, comprising a secondary thermal insulation barrier comprising insulating panels held against a supporting structure and anchored thereto by means of secondary retainer, a secondary waterproofing membrane carried by the insulation panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a primary thermal insulation barrier anchored against the secondary waterproofing membrane by primary retainers and a waterproofing membrane primary carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank; the secondary waterproofing membrane comprising a plurality of corrugated metal sheets welded to each other in a sealed manner and each comprising at least two perpendicular corrugations; the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier being juxtaposed, each insulating panel having an internal face, opposite to the supporting wall; said internal face being equipped with metal plates on which the corrugated metal sheets are welded; each insulating panel being associated with adjacent insulating panels via a plurality of bridging elements; each bridging element being disposed astride at least two
  • the bridging elements provide a mechanical connection between the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier which prevents the mutual separation of the insulating panels so that the secondary waterproofing membrane is less stressed than those of the tanks of the prior art, in particular when the tank is cold.
  • Such a tank can be part of an onshore storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG or ethane carrier, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • an LNG or ethane carrier for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG or ethane carrier, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a ship for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a above-mentioned tank arranged in the double hull.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump to train a fluid through insulated pipelines from or to the floating or onshore storage facility to or from the vessel's tank.
  • Each wall of the tank comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 comprising insulating panels 2 juxtaposed and anchored to a supporting structure 3 by secondary retaining members 8, a membrane secondary seal 4 carried by the insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1, a primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprising insulating panels 6 juxtaposed and anchored to the insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 by primary retaining members 19 and a primary sealing membrane 7, carried by the insulating panels 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
  • the supporting structure 3 can in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
  • the supporting structure 3 can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the supporting structure 3 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
  • the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 comprises a plurality of insulating panels 2 anchored to the supporting structure 3 by means of resin cords, not shown, and / or studs 8 welded to the supporting structure 3.
  • the resin cords must be sufficiently adhesive when they only anchor the insulating panels 2 but are not necessarily adhesive when the insulating panels 2 are anchored by means of the studs 8.
  • the insulating panels 2 have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the insulating panels 2 each comprise a layer of insulating polymer foam 9 sandwiched between an internal rigid plate 10 and an external rigid plate 11.
  • the rigid plates, internal 10 and external 11, are, for example, plywood sheets. bonded to said layer of insulating polymer foam 9.
  • the insulating polymer foam can in particular be a polyurethane-based foam.
  • the polymeric foam is advantageously reinforced with glass fibers helping to reduce its thermal contraction.
  • the insulating panels 2 are juxtaposed in parallel rows and separated from each other by interstices 12 guaranteeing functional assembly play.
  • the interstices 12 are filled with a heat-insulating lining 13, shown on the figures 2 and 8 , such as glass wool, rock wool or flexible synthetic foam with open cells for example.
  • the heat-insulating lining 13 is advantageously made of a porous material so as to provide gas flow spaces in the interstices 12 between the insulating panels 2. Such gas flow spaces are advantageously used in order to allow gas to circulate.
  • the interstices 12 have, for example, a width of the order of 30 mm.
  • the internal plate 10 has two series grooves 14, 15, perpendicular to one another, so as to form a network of grooves.
  • Each of the series of grooves 14, 15 is parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating panels 2.
  • the grooves 14, 15 are intended for the reception of corrugations, projecting outwardly from the tank, formed on the metal sheets of the tank. secondary sealing barrier 4.
  • the internal plate 10 comprises three grooves 14 extending in the longitudinal direction of the insulating panel 2 and nine grooves 15 extending in the transverse direction of the insulating panel 2.
  • the grooves 14, 15 completely pass through the thickness of the internal plate 10 and thus open at the level of the layer of insulating polymer foam 9. Furthermore, the insulating panels 2 comprise in the areas of intersection between the grooves 14, 15, Clearance openings 16 formed in the layer of insulating polymer foam 9. The clearance openings 16 allow the accommodation of the node zones, formed at the intersections between the corrugations of the metal sheets of the secondary sealing barrier 4. These node zones, described in more detail below, have a top projecting towards the outside of the tank.
  • the internal plate 10 is equipped with metal plates 17, 18 for anchoring the edge of the corrugated metal sheets of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 on the insulating panels 2.
  • the metal plates 17, 18 extend along two lines. perpendicular directions which are each parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating panels 2.
  • the metal plates 17, 18 are fixed to the internal plate 10 of the insulating panel 2, by screws, rivets or staples, for example.
  • the metal plates 17, 18 are placed in recesses made in the internal plate 10 so that the internal surface of the metal plates 17, 18 is flush with the internal surface of the internal plate 10.
  • the internal plate 10 is also equipped with threaded studs 19 projecting towards the inside of the tank, and intended to ensure the fixing of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 on the insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1.
  • the metal studs 19 pass through orifices made in the metal plates 17.
  • the internal plate 10 has along its edges, in each interval between two successive grooves 14, 15, a recess 21 intended to receive a bridging element.
  • the bridging elements are bridging plates 22 which are each arranged astride two adjacent insulating panels 2, spanning the gap 12 between the insulating panels 2. Each bridging plate 22 is fixed against each of the two. 2 adjacent insulating panels so as to oppose their mutual separation.
  • the bridging plates 22 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape and are for example made of a plywood plate.
  • the outer face of the bridging plates 22 is fixed against the bottom of the setbacks 21.
  • the depth of the setbacks 21 is substantially equal to the thickness of the bridging plates 22 so that the inner face of the bridging plates 22 reaches substantially level. other flat areas of the internal plate 10 of the insulating panel.
  • the bridging plates 22 are able to ensure continuity in the carrying of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
  • a plurality of bridging plates 22 extend along each edge of the internal plate 10 of the insulating panels 2, a bridge 22 being disposed in each interval between two neighboring grooves 14, 15 of a series of parallel grooves.
  • the bridging plates 22 extend over substantially the entire length of the gap between two neighboring grooves 14, 15.
  • the recesses 21 have a transverse dimension such that the edges of the bridging plates 22 come into contact with each other. stop against the edge of the step 21 so as to facilitate the positioning of the bridging plates 22 against the internal surface of the insulating panels 2.
  • the bridging plates 22 can be fixed against the internal plate 10 of the insulating panels 2 by any suitable means. However, it has been observed that the combination of the application of an adhesive between the external face of the bridging plates 22 and the internal plate 10 of the insulating panels 2 and the use of mechanical fasteners, such as staples , allowing the bridging plates 22 to be pressurized against the insulating panels 2, was particularly advantageous.
  • the bridging plates 22 are provided with grooves 50 receiving corrugations 25, 26 of the corrugated metal sheets 24.
  • a bridging plate 22 may extend the entire length of an edge of the surface. of an insulating panel 2 and have a series of grooves extending in the extension of the series of grooves 14, 15 formed in the internal plates 10 of the adjacent panels 2.
  • the bridging plates 22 can also be fitted a groove 50 extending along the gap between the two adjacent insulating panels 2 which they overlap.
  • a bridging plate 23 disposed against the four adjacent corners of the internal plates 10 of four adjacent insulating panels 2.
  • a bridging plate 23 has, for example, a cross shape or a square shape.
  • the bridging plates 22 lying in the extension of the directions of the metal plates 17, 18 fixed to the insulating panels 2 are equipped with metal plates, fixed against the internal face of said bridging plates 22 and intended for anchoring the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
  • Such an arrangement ensures the continuity of the anchoring of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 on the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1.
  • the secondary sealing barrier comprises a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 24 each having a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 are arranged offset from the insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 such that each of said corrugated metal sheets 24 jointly extend over four adjacent insulating panels 2.
  • Each corrugated metal sheet 24 has a first series of parallel corrugations 25 extending in a first direction and a second series of parallel corrugations 26 extending in a second direction.
  • the directions of the series of corrugations 25, 26 are perpendicular.
  • Each of the series of corrugations 25, 26 is parallel to two opposite edges of the corrugated metal sheet 24.
  • the corrugations 25, 26 protrude outward from the tank, that is to say in the direction of the supporting structure. 3.
  • the corrugated metal sheet 24 has between the corrugations 25, 26, a plurality of flat surfaces. At each intersection between two corrugations 25, 26, the metal sheet has a node area 27, shown in the figure. figure 11 .
  • the node area 27 has a central portion having a top projecting towards the interior of the tank.
  • the central portion is bordered, on the one hand, by a pair of concave undulations formed in the crest of the corrugation 25 and, on the other hand, by a pair of recesses into which the corrugation 26 penetrates.
  • the corrugations 25, 26 of the first series and of the second series have identical heights. It is however possible to provide that the corrugations 25 of the first series have a height greater than the corrugations 26 of the second series or vice versa.
  • the corrugations 25, 26 of the corrugated metal sheets 24 are housed in the grooves 14, 15 formed in the internal plate 10 of the insulating panels 2.
  • the adjacent corrugated metal sheets 24 are welded together to overlap.
  • the anchoring of the corrugated metal sheets 24 on the metal plates 17, 18 is carried out by tack welds.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 comprise along their longitudinal edges and at their four corners cutouts 28 allowing the passage of the studs 19 intended to ensure the attachment of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 on the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically of the order of 7.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 can also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.
  • the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprises a plurality of insulating panels 6 of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the insulating panels 6 are here offset from the insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 such that each insulating panel 6 extends over four insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1.
  • An insulating panel 6 is shown in detail on the figure 12 . It comprises a structure similar to an insulating panel 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1, namely a sandwich structure consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam 29 sandwiched between two rigid plates, for example of plywood 30, 31.
  • the internal plate 30 of an insulating panel 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 is equipped with metal plates 32, 33 for anchoring the corrugated metal sheets of the primary waterproofing membrane 7.
  • the metal plates 32 , 33 extend in two perpendicular directions which are each parallel to two opposite edges of the insulating panels 6.
  • the metal plates 32, 33 are fixed in recesses made in the internal plate 30 of the insulating panel 5 and fixed to the latter, by screws, rivets or staples for example.
  • the internal plate 30 of the insulating panel 6 is provided with a plurality of relaxation slots 34 allowing the primary waterproofing membrane 7 to deform without imposing excessive mechanical stresses on the insulating panels 6.
  • Such slots of relaxation are described in particular in the document FR 3 001 945 .
  • the fixing of an insulating panel 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 on the studs 19 carried by the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 can be carried out, in one embodiment, as illustrated in the figure. figure 13 .
  • the insulating panel 6 has a plurality of cutouts 35 along its edges and at its corners.
  • the outer plate 30 projects inside the cutouts 35 so as to form a bearing surface.
  • a retaining member 36 comprises tabs housed inside the cutouts 35 and bearing against the portion of the outer plate 31 projecting inside the cutout 35 so as to sandwich the outer plate 31 between a tab of the retaining member 36 and an insulating panel 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1.
  • the retaining member 36 has a bore threaded onto a threaded stud 19.
  • a nut 37 cooperates with the thread of the stud threaded 19 so as to secure the attachment of the retaining member 36.
  • a set of Belleville washers is threaded onto the threaded stud 19, between the nut 37 and the retaining member 36.
  • the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprises a plurality of closure plates 38 making it possible to complete the bearing surface of the primary waterproofing membrane 7 at the level of the cutouts 35.
  • the dimension of the cutouts 35, at the internal plate 30 is greater than its dimension at the level of the insulating polymer foam layer 29 so as to form a counterbore serving to position and retain the closure plates 38.
  • the plates of closures 38 can in particular be fixed against the counterbore by staples.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane 7 is obtained by assembling a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 39, one of which is shown in the figure. figure 15 .
  • Each corrugated metal sheet 39 comprises a first series of parallel corrugations 40, called high, extending in a first direction and a second series of parallel corrugations 41, called low, extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first series .
  • the node zones 42 have a structure close to that of the node zones 27 of the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
  • the corrugations 40, 41 protrude towards the interior of the tank.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 39 are, for example, made of stainless steel or aluminum.
  • each bridging element is formed of two metal plates 43, 44 which are each retained in a groove 45 formed along an edge of an internal plate 10 of. an insulating panel 2.
  • the groove 45 has an inverted T shape, as shown in the figures 16 and 17 , or a shape of J.
  • One of the edges of each metal plate 43, 44 is folded back and has a wing 46 which is retained inside the groove 45.
  • the two metal plates 43, 44 are fixed one by one. to the other in situ after the fixing of the insulating panels 2 against the supporting structure 3.
  • the two metal plates 43, 44 are fixed to one another in an overlap zone by means of fasteners, such as rivets 47
  • the embodiment shown in figures 22, 23 and 24 differs in particular from the embodiment of figures 16 and 17 by the method of fixing the two metal plates 43, 44 to one another.
  • the two metal plates 43, 44 have crenellated edges 51 which fit into one another.
  • crenellated edges 51 are folded over so as to constitute hooks in which is inserted a horizontal pin 52. It is also noted that the groove 45 formed along an edge of an internal plate 10 of an insulating panel 2 and for retaining the metal plates 43,44 has a J shape.
  • the bridging elements are metal wires 48 which are taken up on screws 49 which are fixed to the edges of the internal plate 10 of the two adjacent insulating panels 2.
  • the internal plate 10 also has, along its edges, recesses 21 inside which the screws 49 are housed so that the heads of the screws 49 do not protrude beyond the bearing surfaces of the plate. internal 10 and are thus not likely to damage the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
  • the bridging elements consist of flexible elements, such as blades or strips whose ends are attached to screws inserted into the edges of the inner plate of two adjacent insulation boards.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing barrier 4 comprise corrugations 53 projecting towards the interior of the tank, unlike the ripples of the previous embodiments.
  • the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing barrier also have two series of perpendicular corrugations.
  • the corrugated metal sheets are fixed on the internal plate of the insulating panels of the secondary waterproofing membrane by means of metal plates, not shown, extending in two perpendicular directions which are fixed on the internal plate 10 of the insulating panels 2.
  • the outer plate 30 of the insulating panels 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 have two series of grooves perpendicular to each other so as to form a network of grooves.
  • the grooves 54 are thus intended to receive the corrugations 53, projecting towards the interior of the tank, formed on the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing barrier 4.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the vessel 71 comprises a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealing membrane arranged between the primary sealing membrane and the double hull 72 of the vessel, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproofing membrane and the secondary waterproofing membrane and between the secondary waterproofing membrane and the double shell 72.
  • loading / unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 20 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be orientated and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a conduct of connection not shown extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the shore installation 77.
  • the latter comprises storage tanks liquefied gas 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the submarine pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the submarine pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the installation on land 77 over a great distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG tanker 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dichtes und wärmeisolierendes Gefäß zur Flüssigkeitsspeicherung, umfassend eine sekundäre wärmeisolierende Sperre (1), welche isolierende Platten umfasst, die gegen eine Haltestruktur (3) gehalten sind und mit dieser durch sekundäre Rückhaltemittel (8) verbunden sind, eine sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran (4), welche getragen ist durch die isolierenden Platten (2) der sekundären wärmeisolierenden Sperre (1), eine primäre wärmeisolierende Sperre (5), welche mit der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran (4) durch primäre Rückhaltemittel (19) verbunden ist, und eine primäre Abdichtungsmembran (7), welche von der primären wärmeisolierenden Sperre (5) getragen ist und dazu bestimmt ist, mit der in dem Gefäß befindlichen kryogenen Flüssigkeit in Kontakt zu treten;
    wobei die sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran (4) eine Vielzahl von gewellten Metallblechen (24) umfassen, welche miteinander in dichter Weise verschweißt sind und jeweils mindestens zwei
    Wellen (25, 26, 53) umfasst;
    wobei die isolierenden Platten (2) der sekundären wärmeisolierende Sperre (1) nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei jede isolierende Platte (2) eine Innenseite (10), welche gegenüber der Trägerwand liegt, aufweist; wobei die Innenseite (10) mit Metallplatten (17,18) ausgestattet ist, auf welche die gewellten Metallbleche (24) geschweißt sind; wobei das Gefäß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass:
    jede isolierende Platte (2) mit den angrenzenden isolierenden Platten (2) mittels einer Vielzahl von Überbrückungselementen (22, 43, 44, 48) verbunden ist; wobei jedes Überbrückungselement (22, 43, 44, 48) zwischen mindestens zwei isolierenden angrenzenden Platten (2) rittlings angeordnet ist und zum einen auf einer Kante der Innenseite (10) der der einen der beiden isolierenden Platten (1) und zum anderen auf einer Kante der Innenseite der anderen isolierenden Platte (1) angebracht ist, so dass es sich einer gegenseitigen Beabstandung der angrenzenden isolierenden Platten widersetzt; wobei die Kanten der Innenseite (10) der einen und der anderen isolierenden Platte gegenüberliegend sind.
  2. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Wellen (25,26) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran (4) zum Äußeren des Gefäßes in Richtung der Haltestruktur (3) hervorstehen, wobei die Innenseite (10) der isolierenden Platten (2) der sekundären wärmeisolierenden Sperre (1) senkrechte Vertiefungen (14, 15) aufweisen, welche die Wellen (25, 26) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) aufnehmen.
  3. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Wellen (53) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran (4) zum Inneren des Gefäßes hervorstehen, wobei die primäre wärmeisolierende Sperre (5) isolierende Platten (6) umfasst, welche jeweils eine Außenseite (31) aufweisen, welche senkrechte Vertiefungen (54) aufweist, welche die Wellen (53) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran (4) aufnehmen.
  4. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Überbrückungselemente Überbrückungsplatten (22) sind, welche jeweils eine Außenseite aufweisen, welche gegen die Innenseite (10) einer jeden angrenzenden isolierenden Platte (1) aufliegen und eine Innenseite, welche die sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran (4) trägt.
  5. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 4, wobei die Innenseite (10) der isolierenden Platten (2) Absätze (21) umfasst, welche entlang der Kanten der Innenseite (10) angeordnet sind und an deren Inneren die Überbrückungsplatten (22) befestigt sind.
  6. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, wobei die Überbrückungsplatten (22) durch Verklebung, Verschraubung und/oder Heftung auf der Innenseite (10) einer jeden der beiden angrenzenden isolierenden Platten (1) angebracht sind.
  7. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, wobei die Überbrückungsplatten (22) Platten aus Sperrholz sind.
  8. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 2 oder einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7 sofern er von Anspruch 2 abhängt, wobei jede isolierende Platte (2) quaderförmige ist und eine Innenseite (10) aufweist, welche zwei Serien von Vertiefungen (14, 15) umfasst, welche die Wellen (25, 26) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) aufnimmt, wobei jede der zwei Serien der Vertiefungen (14, 15) senkrecht zur anderen Serie und zu zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der isolierenden Platte (2) ist; wobei die Vielzahl der Überbrückungselemente (22, 43, 44, 48) entlang jeder Kante der Innenseite jeder isolierenden Platte (2) ein Überbrückungselement (22, 43, 44, 48) umfassen, welches in jedem Intervall zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Vertiefungen (14, 15) der Serie der senkrechten Vertiefungen der Kante angeordnet ist.
  9. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 2 oder einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, sofern er von Anspruch 2 abhängt, wobei jede isolierende Platte (2) quaderförmige ist und eine Innenseite (10) aufweist, welche zwei Serien von Vertiefungen (14, 15), welche die Wellen (25,26) der gewellten Metallbleche (24) aufnimmt, umfasst, wobei jede Serie der Vertiefungen (14, 15) senkrecht zur anderen Serie und zu zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der isolierenden Platte (2) ist; wobei die Vielzahl der Überbrückungselemente (22) entlang jeder Kante der Innenseite jeder isolierenden Platte (2) ein Überbrückungselement (22) umfassen, welches eine Serie von Vertiefungen, welche sich in der Verlängerung der Serie der senkrechten Vertiefungen der Kante erstrecken, umfasst.
  10. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 9, wobei das Überbrückungselement (22), welches eine Serie von Vertiefungen umfasst, welche sich in der Verlängerung der Serie der senkrechten Vertiefungen (14, 15) der Kante erstrecken, weiterhin umfasst eine Vertiefung (50), welche senkrecht zur Serie der Vertiefungen ist.
  11. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei ein Überbrückungselement ein längliches Element (48) umfasst, welches fest verbunden ist mit zwei Befestigungsvorrichtungen (49), welche jeweils mit der einen und der anderen angrenzenden isolierenden Platte (1) verbunden sind.
  12. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei ein Überbrückungselement aus zwei Metallplatten (43, 44) besteht, welche jede einen umgebogenen Rand, welcher einen Flügel (46) bildet, umfasst, wobei die Flügel (46) jeweils im Inneren einer Vertiefung (45), welche in der Innenseite (10) der einen und der anderen angrenzenden isolierenden Platte (2) angeordnet ist, gehalten sind, wobei die beiden Metallplatten (43, 44) mittels einer Befestigungsvorrichtung (47) miteinander verbunden sind.
  13. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, wobei jede isolierende Platte (2) eine Schicht aus isolierendem Polymerschaum (9) und eine innere steife Platte (10), welche die Innenseite der isolierenden Platte bildet (2), umfasst.
  14. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, wobei die isolierenden Platten (2) voneinander durch Zwischenräume (12) beabstandet sind, wobei die sekundäre wärmeisolierende Sperre eine wärmeisolierende Füllung (13), welche in den Zwischenräumen angeordnet ist (12), umfasst.
  15. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 14, wobei die wärmeisolierende Füllung (13), welche in den Zwischenräumen (12) zwischen den isolierenden Platten (2) angeordnet ist, eine poröse Füllung ist, so das Gas durch die Zwischenräume ausströmen kann.
  16. Gefäß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, wobei die primäre Abdichtungsmembran (7) eine Vielzahl von gewellten Metallblechen (39) umfasst, welche miteinander verschweißt sind und jeweils mindestens zwei senkrechte Wellen (40, 41), welche zum Äußeren des Gefäßes hervorstehen, aufweisen; wobei die primäre wärmeisolierende Sperre (5) eine Vielzahl von angrenzenden isolierenden Platten (6) umfasst, wobei jede isolierende Platte (6) eine Innenseite (30) aufweist, welche mit Metallplatten (32, 33), auf welche die gewellten Metallbleche (39) der primären Abdichtungsmembran (7) verschweißt sind, ausgestattet ist.
  17. Schiff (70) zum Transport einer Flüssigkeit, wobei das Schiff eine Doppelhülle (72) und ein in der Doppelhülle angeordnetes Gefäß (71) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 umfasst.
  18. Transfersystem für eine Flüssigkeit, wobei das System ein Schiff (70) gemäß Anspruch 17, isolierte Rohrleitungen (73,79, 76,81) welche so angeordnet sind, dass sie das in der Schutzhülle angeordnete Gefäß (71) mit einer schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Spei-cheranlage (77) verbinden und eine Pumpe umfasst, um eine Flüssigkeit durch isolierte Rohrleitungen zu der schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Speicheranlage zu oder von dem Gefäß des Schiffs zuleiten.
  19. Verfahren zur Be- und Entladung eines Schiffes (70) gemäß Anspruch 17, wobei eine Flüssigkeit von oder zu einer schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Speicheranlage (77) zu oder von dem Gefäß (71) des Schiffes durch isolierte Rohrleitung (73, 79, 76, 81,) geleitet wird.
EP15780923.7A 2014-09-26 2015-09-22 Abgedichtetes und isoliertes gefäss mit einem überbrückungselement zwischen den platten der sekundären isolierbarriere Active EP3198186B1 (de)

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FR1459160A FR3026459B1 (fr) 2014-09-26 2014-09-26 Cuve etanche et isolante comportant un element de pontage entre les panneaux de la barriere isolante secondaire
PCT/FR2015/052535 WO2016046487A1 (fr) 2014-09-26 2015-09-22 Cuve étanche et isolante comportant un élément de pontage entre les panneaux de la barrière isolante secondaire

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PH12019501124A1 (en) 2020-02-17
RU2017109552A3 (de) 2018-10-29
KR20180128084A (ko) 2018-11-30
SG10202004269UA (en) 2020-06-29
RU2763009C2 (ru) 2021-12-24
JP6349032B2 (ja) 2018-06-27
US20170276295A1 (en) 2017-09-28
CN111503509A (zh) 2020-08-07
RU2017109552A (ru) 2018-10-29
KR102120988B1 (ko) 2020-06-09
ES2831427T3 (es) 2021-06-08
EP3198186A1 (de) 2017-08-02
CN107110428B (zh) 2020-01-07
RU2019103489A3 (de) 2021-11-22
PH12017500526A1 (en) 2017-08-07
PH12017500526B1 (en) 2017-08-07
US10072798B2 (en) 2018-09-11
RU2679995C2 (ru) 2019-02-14
FR3026459B1 (fr) 2017-06-09
MY184765A (en) 2021-04-21
AU2015323629B2 (en) 2018-05-24
KR20170063733A (ko) 2017-06-08
RU2019103489A (ru) 2019-03-12
FR3026459A1 (fr) 2016-04-01
AU2015323629A1 (en) 2017-04-13
WO2016046487A1 (fr) 2016-03-31
JP2017530064A (ja) 2017-10-12
CN107110428A (zh) 2017-08-29
SG11201702234PA (en) 2017-04-27

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