EP2984384B1 - Winkelkonstruktion eines versiegelten und wärmeisolierenden tanks zum speichern eines fluids - Google Patents

Winkelkonstruktion eines versiegelten und wärmeisolierenden tanks zum speichern eines fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2984384B1
EP2984384B1 EP14721453.0A EP14721453A EP2984384B1 EP 2984384 B1 EP2984384 B1 EP 2984384B1 EP 14721453 A EP14721453 A EP 14721453A EP 2984384 B1 EP2984384 B1 EP 2984384B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
corner
insulating
barrier
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14721453.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2984384A2 (de
Inventor
Johan Bougault
Sébastien DURAND
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL14721453T priority Critical patent/PL2984384T3/pl
Publication of EP2984384A2 publication Critical patent/EP2984384A2/de
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Publication of EP2984384B1 publication Critical patent/EP2984384B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B63B27/25—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines for fluidised bulk material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0121—Platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, membranes for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
  • Watertight and thermally insulating membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the invention relates more particularly to an angle structure of such a sealed and thermally insulating vessel.
  • the document FR 2 691 520 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank having successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the inside towards the outside of the tank, a primary sealing membrane, in contact with the fluid contained in the tank, a barrier of primary thermal insulation, a secondary waterproofing membrane, a secondary thermal insulation barrier and a supporting structure made of metal sheets forming the hull or the double-hull of a merchant ship, such as an LNG carrier.
  • the corner areas of the tank are made from pre-assembled, dihedral angle structures, illustrated on the figure 3 of the document FR 2 691 520 .
  • a pre-assembled angle structure comprises two beveled insulating plates forming the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a flexible membrane resting on the insulating plates of the secondary thermal insulation barrier and constituting the secondary sealing barrier, a plurality of blocks primary thermal insulation barrier insulation bonded to the secondary waterproofing membrane and primary waterproofing membrane metal angles fixed to the insulation blocks of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
  • the bonding of the insulating blocks of the primary thermal insulation barrier to the secondary sealing barrier is not totally satisfactory.
  • the bonding operations of the insulating blocks are complex to implement.
  • the document FR2321657 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank including a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained to a supporting structure, a secondary waterproofing membrane, a primary thermal insulation barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane for being in contact with the fluid contained in the vessel, the vessel comprising an angle structure comprising panels forming a corner of the secondary thermal insulation barrier, an angle arrangement of the secondary sealing membrane, insulating blocks primary thermal insulation barrier resting against the angle arrangement of the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing barrier angle.
  • the panels forming a corner of the secondary thermal insulation barrier, the angle arrangement of the secondary waterproofing membrane, the insulation blocks of the primary thermal insulation barrier and the primary sealing barrier angle are each directly fixed in-situ on the bearing structure of the tank.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to provide an angle structure that is easy to assemble.
  • Such an angle structure therefore does not require bonding operation of the insulating blocks of the primary thermal insulation membrane.
  • the fixing of insulating blocks on the corner structure can be more easily performed in situ.
  • the mechanical anchoring of said insulating blocks on the corner structure makes it possible to ensure a greater mechanical strength than an anchoring by gluing.
  • Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a first plurality of preassembled modules are attached to the first and second shop floor panels and a second plurality of preassembled modules are attached to the first and second panels in situ in the tank.
  • a vessel for the transport of a fluid comprises a double hull and a said tank, in which the double hull forms the external bearing structure of the tank.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving fluid flow through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
  • the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a carrier structure, a secondary thermal-insulating barrier, a secondary sealing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
  • the supporting structure may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having appropriate mechanical properties.
  • the supporting structure may in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the carrying structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank.
  • the figure 1 illustrates the secondary thermal insulation barrier, an angle structure intended to be disposed at the intersection between two walls of the carrier structure.
  • the secondary thermal insulation barrier comprises two insulating panels 1, 2.
  • the panels 1, 2 have an outer face intended to be fixed against the walls of the supporting structure.
  • the panels 1, 2 have, in addition, a rectangular trapezoid-shaped section and are connected to one another, for example by gluing, via their bevelled lateral edge 3, 4.
  • the panels 1, 2 thus form a corner of the secondary thermal insulation barrier.
  • the heat-insulating panels 1, 2 comprise a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between two rigid plates, internal and external, bonded to said foam layer.
  • the rigid plates, internal and external, are for example plywood.
  • the polymer foam may in particular be a high density polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
  • the panels 1, 2 have cylindrical wells 5 opening on their inner face and intended to receive the end of a threaded stud, welded to the structure carrier, in order to ensure anchoring of the panels 1, 2.
  • the cylindrical wells 5 communicate with orifices of passage of the studs, not shown, opening on the outer face of the panels 1, 2.
  • the cylindrical wells 5 have a diameter larger than that of the holes for passing the studs so that the bottoms of the cylindrical wells 5 define a bearing surface intended to cooperate with a nut screwed onto the stud bolt.
  • polymerizable resin rods may be arranged between the supporting structure and the outer face of the panels 1, 2.
  • the panels 1, 2 are equipped with a plurality of metal plates 6, fixed on their internal rigid plate, by screws, rivets or staples, for example.
  • the metal plates 6 carry threaded studs 7, protruding towards the inside of the tank, and intended to ensure the fixing of the primary thermal insulation barrier on the panels 1, 2.
  • the Figures 3 to 6 illustrate the angle arrangement of the secondary waterproofing membrane.
  • the angle arrangement comprises two metal sheets 8, 9 each fixed to a panel 1, 2, by screws, rivets or staples, for example.
  • the metal sheets 8, 9 are provided with orifices 11 for passing the studs 7.
  • the metal plates 8, 9 are welded, at the periphery of said orifices 11, to the plates metal 6.
  • the welding of the metal sheets 8, 9 on the plates 6 is performed by an orbital welding process.
  • the orbital welding equipment is advantageously adapted to anchor on the studs 7 so that the welding can be performed in an automated manner.
  • the angle arrangement of the secondary sealing membrane also comprises a metal angle 10, illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the metal angle 10 is welded overlap on the metal sheets 8, 9 so as to seal the secondary sealing membrane in the corner area.
  • the welding of the metal angle 10 on the metal plates 8, 9 is ensured by continuous welding equipment. Such welding equipment is advantageously suitable for anchoring on the studs 7.
  • the holes 11 for the passage of the studs 7 are bores formed in the metal sheets 8, 9.
  • the holes for passing the studs may be made by any other means.
  • such orifices may be formed by means of cuts made in an edge of the angle and / or in the edge of the metal sheets adjacent to said angle.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 and the metal angles 15 are previously assembled as a module 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d.
  • Each preassembled module 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d comprises two insulating blocks 13, 14 of primary thermal insulation barrier and an angle 15 fixed on the two insulating blocks 13, 14.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 have the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. They comprise an inner face on which the angle 15 rests and an outer face resting against one of the metal sheets 8, 9.
  • the insulating blocks 13 and 14 are respectively fixed on the panels 1 and 2.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 can be integrally made of plywood or a composite structure similar to that of the panels 1, 2, that is to say having a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between two rigid plates, internal and external, bonded to said layer of foam .
  • the angles 15 are metal angles, for example made of stainless steel.
  • the angles 15 have two wings 15a and 15b, perpendicular in the embodiment shown, resting against the inner face of the insulating blocks 13 and 14.
  • the wings 15a, 15b have pins 16 of fixing to the insulating blocks 13, 14, illustrated on the figure 8 welded on the outer face of the wings 15a, 15b and projecting inwardly of the vessel.
  • the insulating blocks comprise orifices 17 for the passage of the studs 16, formed on their internal face. Said holes 17 passing the studs communicate with cylindrical wells 18 opening on the outer face of the insulating blocks 13, 14. Nuts screwed on the studs 16 bear against the bottom of said cylindrical wells 18 and thus secure the bracket 15 to said insulating block 13, 14.
  • the wings 15a, 15b also have studs 19 welded on their inner face. Such studs 19 make it possible to anchor a welding equipment during the welding of the primary waterproofing membrane elements on the angles 15.
  • an angle connection 46 of insulating material such as a polymer foam, is disposed between the edges adjacent to the tank angle of two insulating blocks 13, 14 and thus makes it possible to ensure a continuity of the thermal insulation at the angle of the tank.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 are provided with orifices 20 for passing said studs 7, formed in their internal face.
  • the orifices 20 for passing the studs 7 communicate with cylindrical wells 21 opening on the inner face of the insulating blocks 13, 14.
  • the bottoms of the cylindrical wells 21 define bearing surfaces for nuts cooperating with the threaded ends of the studs 7 .
  • the cylindrical wells 21 open into portions of the inner face of the insulating blocks. 13, 14, not covered by the angles 15.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 protrude, in the direction opposite to the vial angle, beyond the edges of the angles 15.
  • the cylindrical wells 21 are formed in the portions of the insulating blocks 13, 14 which overflow beyond- Beyond the edge of the angles 15.
  • the arrangement of the insulating blocks 13, 14 and the angles 15 in the form of preassembled modules 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d is particularly advantageous and allows different methods of assembling and transporting corner structures.
  • the panels 1, 2 of the angle structure are assembled, in situ, on the implantation site of the tank by fixing a plurality of preassembled modules 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d on said panels 1 2.
  • the panels 1, 2, the corner arrangement of the secondary sealing membrane and some or all of the preassembled modules 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d are assembled in the workshop.
  • the Figures 11 and 12 have a corner structure according to another embodiment.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 also have holes for passing studs formed in their internal face.
  • the orifices communicate with recesses 24, formed in the insulating blocks 13, 14 and opening on their side edge opposite the vial angle.
  • the recesses 24 are formed by recesses formed in the side edge opposite the vial angle.
  • the recesses provide tabs 25 which bear the bearing surface of the nuts cooperating with the threaded end of the studs 7.
  • the recesses 24 are advantageously formed at the corners of the insulating blocks 13, 14. Thus, the recesses 24 open on the outside.
  • gap between two adjacent insulating blocks 13, 14 and the clogging of a gap between two adjacent insulating blocks 13, 14, and two recesses 24 bordering said gap can be achieved by a single insulating joint member 26. It is noted that such recesses 24 also allow fixing of the insulating blocks 13, 14 on the studs 7, while angles 15 have been previously fixed on said insulation blocks 13, 14.
  • the figure 13 represents another embodiment.
  • the angles 15 have edges with cutouts 27.
  • the insulating blocks 13, 14 comprise cylindrical wells 28, communicating with the passage holes of the studs 7 formed on the outer face of said insulating blocks 13, 14 and 14. whose bottom cooperates with a nut screwed onto a stud 7.
  • the cylindrical wells 28 open on the inner face of the insulating blocks 13, 14 vis-à-vis the cutouts 27 formed in the edges of the angles 15 so that the fixing insulating blocks 13, 14 on the studs 7 may be provided despite the presence of the angle 15.
  • the cylindrical wells 28 are closed by plugs.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate, by way of example, the structure of the walls of a sealed and thermally insulating tank equipped with an angle structure as described above.
  • the secondary thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of heat-insulating panels 29 anchored to the supporting structure 30 by means of resin tubes 31 and studs 32 welded to the supporting structure 1.
  • the panels 29 have substantially a rectangular parallelepiped shape and exhibit , according to their two axes of symmetry, a metal bonding strip 33, which is placed in a recess and which is fixed by screws, rivets, staples or glue.
  • a pin 34 projecting towards the inside of the tank and allowing the fixing of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane is obtained by assembling a plurality of edge-to-edge welded metal plates having a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the metal plates 35 comprise, in each of the two axes of symmetry of this rectangle, a corrugation 36 forming a relief in the direction of the supporting structure 30.
  • the metal plates 35 are here arranged offset from the panels 29 so that each of said metal plates 35 straddles four adjacent panels 29.
  • the undulations 36 are housed in interstices 37 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier formed between two panels 29 adjacent.
  • the adjacent metal plates 35 are welded together.
  • the anchoring of the metal plates 35 on the panels 29 is carried out by means of the metal binding strips 33 on which at least two edges of said metal plates 35 are welded.
  • the metal plates 35 of the secondary sealing barrier are lap welded to the metal plates 8, 9 of the angle arrangement of the secondary sealing membrane.
  • the primary thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of heat-insulating panels 38 of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape covering the secondary sealing membrane.
  • the panels 38 of the primary thermal insulation barrier also comprise, on their inner face, metal connecting strips 39 for anchoring, by welding, the primary sealing barrier.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates 40, welded to each other along their edges.
  • the metal plates 40 comprise corrugations 41 extending in two perpendicular directions.
  • the corrugations 41 of the primary waterproofing membrane protrude from the side of the inner face of the metal plates 40.
  • the metal plates 40 are, for example, made of stainless steel sheet or aluminum, shaped by folding or by stamping.
  • the metal plates 40 are offset from the panels 38, each of said metal plates 40 straddling four adjacent panels 38.
  • the metal plates 40 are welded to the angles 15. Moreover, pieces of angles, not shown, are positioned astride between two adjacent angles. such corner pieces comprise in their central zone, a corrugation extending in the extension of a corrugation of the metal plate 40 and are welded by overlap on the metal sheets 40 extending on either side of the structure corner and on the two angles 35 they overlap.
  • a cutaway view of a LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 has a sealed barrier primary material intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary watertight barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
  • loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 16 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers.
  • a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77.
  • the underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Dichtes und wärmeisolierendes Gefäß zur Flüssigkeitsspeicherung umfassend eine, an einer Haltestruktur gehaltene sekundäre wärmeisolierende Sperre, eine sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran, eine primäre wärmeisolierende Sperre und eine primäre Abdichtungsmembran, dazu bestimmt, mit der im Gefäß befindlichen Flüssigkeit in Kontakt zu sein, wobei das Gefäß eine Winkelstruktur umfasst, umfassend:
    - ein erstes und ein zweites Plattenelement (1,2), welche eine Ecke der sekundären wärmeisolierenden Sperre bilden, und eine der Haltestruktur gegenüberliegende Außenfläche und eine Innenfläche umfassen;
    - eine Winkelanordnung (8, 9, 10) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran, angebracht auf dem ersten und zweiten Plattenelement (1, 2);
    - einen ersten und einen zweiten Isolierblock (13, 14) der primären wärmeisolierende Sperre, jeweils auf dem ersten und zweiten Plattenelement (1,2) angebracht und gegen die Winkelanordnung (8, 9, 10) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran anliegend, und
    - einen Eckwinkel (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre umfassend einen ersten und einen zweiten Flügel (15a, 15b), jeweils auf dem ersten und zweiten Isolierblock angebracht; wobei das dichte und wärmeisolierende Gefäß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass:
    - das erste und zweite Plattenelement (1,2) jeweils eine metallische Platine (6) umfassen, welche auf ihrer Innenfläche angebracht ist und ein Befestigungsmittel (7) eines Isolierblocks trägt; und
    - die Winkelanordnung der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran metallisch ist, eine Durchgangsöffnung der Befestigungsmittel des Isolierblocks aufweist und im Randbereich der Öffnungen mit den metallischen Platinen, welche die Befestigungsmittel tragen, verschweißt ist, so dass die Abdichtung der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran gewährleistet ist.
  2. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Befestigungsmittel des Isolierblocks Gewindebolzen sind, welche mit Muttern zusammenwirken, wobei die Isolierblöcke (13, 14) jeweils eine Durchgangsöffnung (20) eines Bolzens und eine Aussparung (21, 24), welche mit der Durchgangsöffnung eines Bolzen zusammenwirkt, und eine Stützfläche einer die Durchgangsöffnung (2) des Bolzens umrandenden Mutter bilden.
  3. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei der erste und der zweite Isolierblock (13,14) eine an den Winkel des Gefäßes angrenzende laterale Kante umfassen, wobei eine laterale Kante gegenüber dem Winkel des Gefäßes liegt und eine Innenfläche mit dem Eckwinkel (35) der primären Abdichtungssperre zusammenwirkt und wobei die Aussparungen (21, 24, 28) auf der dem Winkel des Gefäßes gegenüberliegende laterale Kante und/oder auf einem Teil der Innenfläche, welche an die gegenüber dem Winkel des Gefäßes liegende laterale Kante angrenzt, münden und nicht durch den Eckwinkel (35) der primären Abdichtungssperre überdeckt sind.
  4. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 3, umfassend Isoliermittel (22,26) zum Verschluss der Aussparungen (21,24).
  5. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei die Aussparungen durch Vertiefungen (21, 28) gebildet sind, umfassend einen Boden, welcher die Stützfläche einer Mutter bildet und auf dem Teil der Innenfläche der Isolierblöcke (13,14) mündet, welcher sich zur lateralen Kante, welche gegenüber dem Winkel des Gefäßes der Isolierblöcke (13, 14) liegt, hin über eine Kante des Eckwinkels (35) der primären Abdichtungssperre erstreckt.
  6. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 5, wobei der Eckwinkel (35) Kanten umfasst, welche mit Ausschnitten (27) versehen sind, die gegenüber den Vertiefungen (28) liegen und auf der Innenfläche der ersten Isolierblöcke (13, 14) münden.
  7. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei die Aussparung (24) durch einen Rücksprung der gegenüber dem Winkel des Gefäßes liegenden lateralen Kante gebildet ist, wodurch eine Lasche (25), welche die Stützfläche der Mutter aufweist, gebildet ist..
  8. Gefäß gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die Winkelanordnung der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran ein erstes Metallblech (8), angebracht auf dem ersten Plattenelement (1), eine zweites Metallblech (9), angebracht auf dem zweiten Plattenelement (2), und einen, mit dem ersten und zweiten Metallblech (8, 9) verschweißten metallischen Eckwinkel (10) umfasst.
  9. Gefäß gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Flügel (15 a, 15b) des Eckwinkels (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre jeweils eine mit einem Bolzen (16) ausgestattete Außenfläche, welche nach außen übersteht, zur Befestigung des Eckwinkelns (15) auf dem ersten und zweiten Isolierblock (13, 14) umfassen.
  10. Gefäß gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Winkelstruktur eine Vielzahl von ersten und zweiten Isolierblöcken (13, 14), welche jeweils entlang des ersten und des zweiten Plattenelementes (1,2) verteilt sind, und eine Vielzahl von Eckwinkeln (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre, jeweils befestigt auf einem ersten und einem zweiten Isolierblock (13, 14), umfasst.
  11. Gefäß gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, umfassend eine plane Wand, an deren Endpunkt die Winkelstruktur angeordnet ist, wobei die sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran der planen Wand mit der Winkelanordnung (8, 9, 10) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran verschweißt und die primäre Abdichtungsmembran der planen Wand mit einem Flügel (15a, 15b) des Eckwinkels (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre verschweißt ist.
  12. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 11, wobei die sekundäre Abdichtungsmembran der planen Wand eine Vielzahl von metallischen Platten (35) umfasst, welche Wellen (36), welche in zwei senkrechte Richtungen verlaufen, umfassen.
  13. Gefäß gemäß Anspruch 12, wobei die sekundäre wärmeisolierende Sperre der planen Wand eine Vielzahl von wärmeisolierenden Plattenelementen (29) umfasst, zwischen denen Zwischenräume (37) angeordnet sind, wobei die Wellen (36) der metallischen Platten (35) der sekundären Abdichtungsmembran zum Äußeren des Gefäßes hin überstehend und in die Zwischenräume eingegliedert sind.
  14. Verfahren zur Erstellung eines Gefäßes gemäß Anspruch 10, umfassend:
    - die Erstellung einer Vielzahl von vormontierten Modulen (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) umfassend jeweils einen Eckwinkel (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre und einen ersten und zweiten Isolierblock (13, 14), wobei der Schritt der Erstellung für jedes vormontierte Modul die Befestigung des Eckwinkels (15) der primären Abdichtungssperre auf einem ersten und zweiten Isolierblock (13, 14) umfasst; und
    - die Befestigung der Vielzahl der vormontierten Module (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) auf dem ersten und zweiten Plattenelement (1,2), eine Ecke der sekundären wärmeisolierende Membran bildend.
  15. Verfahren zur Erstellung gemäß Anspruch 14, wobei eine erste Vielzahl von vormontierten Modulen (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) auf dem ersten und dem zweiten Plattenelement (1, 2) in der Werkstatt befestigt wird und eine zweite Vielzahl der vormontierten Module (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) auf dem ersten und zweiten Plattenelement (1,2) vor Ort in dem Gefäß befestigt werden.
  16. Schiff (70) zum Transport einer Flüssigkeit, wobei das Schiff eine Doppelhülle (72) und ein Gefäß (71) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 umfasst, wobei die Doppelhülle die externe Haltestruktur des Gefäßes bildet.
  17. Verfahren zur Be- und Entladung eines Schiffs (70) gemäß Anspruch 16, wobei eine kalte Flüssigkeit von oder nach einer schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Speicheranlage (77) zu oder von dem Gefäß des Schiffs (71) durch isolierte Rohrleitungen (73, 79, 76, 81) geleitet wird.
  18. Transfersystem für eine Flüssigkeit, wobei das System ein Schiff (70) gemäß Anspruch 16, isolierte Rohrleitungen (73, 79, 76, 81), welche so angeordnet sind, dass sie das in der Schiffshülle angeordnete Gefäß (71) mit einer schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Speicheranlage (77) verbinden, sowie eine Pumpe umfasst, um einen Flüssigkeitsstrom durch isolierte Rohrleitungen von oder nach der schwimmenden oder erdverbundenen Speicheranlage zu oder von dem Schiff zu leiten.
EP14721453.0A 2013-04-12 2014-04-03 Winkelkonstruktion eines versiegelten und wärmeisolierenden tanks zum speichern eines fluids Active EP2984384B1 (de)

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US20160252210A1 (en) 2016-09-01
CN105164460A (zh) 2015-12-16
SG11201508340VA (en) 2015-11-27

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