EP3401026A1 - Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé - Google Patents

Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3401026A1
EP3401026A1 EP17170383.8A EP17170383A EP3401026A1 EP 3401026 A1 EP3401026 A1 EP 3401026A1 EP 17170383 A EP17170383 A EP 17170383A EP 3401026 A1 EP3401026 A1 EP 3401026A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
classifier
chamber
cross
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17170383.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gustav LÜHRS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neuhaus Neotec Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Neuhaus Neotec Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neuhaus Neotec Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH filed Critical Neuhaus Neotec Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority to EP17170383.8A priority Critical patent/EP3401026A1/fr
Publication of EP3401026A1 publication Critical patent/EP3401026A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cross-flow air classifier for separating particles of different size and / or density in an air stream.
  • Air classification is a mechanical separation process in which particles are separated under the influence of inertial force and flow resistance in an air stream.
  • fine particles follow the air flow and coarse particles of mass force.
  • the air flow is substantially horizontal.
  • the solid particles fall from above into the air flow and depending on the weight and air resistance, they go through a different path. Particles with a greater density or more compact form fall directly downwards and particles with a lower density or larger shape are more entrained by the air flow.
  • different particle fractions of different density and / or size are produced at different positions along the air flow.
  • Air classifiers are used in particular to separate cores and shells or products and impurities from each other. Air classifiers are used in particular for the separation of broken coffee beans, the separation of impurities from whole coffee beans and the processing of sunflower seeds, rice, oats and oilseed rape.
  • a known from the market multi-chamber Querstromwindsichter has in a common classifier housing a first classifier chamber and a second classifier chamber, which are connected to each other via a weir. Airflow into the first classifier chamber is introduced into the first classifier chamber through a ventilation grille and a subsequent air duct. There is also a product feed through which particles are injected which fall from a product chute with a run-off edge into the airflow exiting the air duct.
  • the First classifier chamber which is also referred to as working space, coarse particles fall down and are discharged through a product discharge. The fine particles are carried along by the air flow and pass through the overflow weir into the second classifier chamber, which is also referred to as expansion space. There, the fine particles fall into a second product discharge in the bottom of the second classifier chamber. The air flow possibly with the finest particles emerges from the second separator chamber at the top through an outlet shaft.
  • the product flow rate of the particles deposited via the product chute as well as the inclination angle of the product chute are adjustable. Further, in the first classifier chamber behind the air outlet of the air duct several parallel baffles with adjustable inclination angle for influencing the air flow in the first classifier chamber. Finally, the height of the raid weir is adjustable.
  • said adjustable components of the separation section or the selectivity of the air classifier can be influenced, i. which proportion of the discontinued product in the coarse particle fraction and what proportion reaches the fine particle fraction.
  • the separation section can be influenced by the amount of air flow, which is fed to the air classifier. For this purpose, the flow of air supplied by a blower can be controlled by means of bypass with false air opening or frequency converter.
  • the setting of the separation section on the air flow rate can be limited by the fact that several air classifiers or other machines are connected to the fan. Furthermore, adjustability is limited by the maximum amount of air flow that can be delivered from the blower to the air classifier.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a cross-flow air classifier, which allows for a given fan further adjustment of the separation section.
  • the coarse material enters the coarse material outlet and the fine material is discharged through the first air outlet.
  • the flow of air in the classifier chamber is influenced to alter the separation section between the particles entering the coarse material and the fines.
  • studies have shown that the adjustment of the cover at the first air inlet through the air duct affects the air flow in the classifier chamber so that a change of the separating cut is possible in areas by means of the same cross-flow air classifier without cover and the same fan even during operation of the fan with maximum power are unreachable.
  • a more extensive or more flexible influencing of the separation step than in conventional air separators without cover is thus possible.
  • a ventilation grille is arranged in the first air inlet.
  • the shield is a plate-shaped slide which is displaceable along at least one vertical guide and a locking device for detecting the slide in different positions along the guide is present.
  • the cover is pivotable so that it covers the air inlet more or less, and a locking device for detecting the shield in different pivot positions is present.
  • the cover is attachable in various positions to the first air inlet and locking means are provided for detecting the cover in different positions on the side wall, in which the cover covers the air inlet to varying degrees.
  • the product chute has a fixed part with a second run-off edge at the lower end, a boundary wall arranged at a distance from the second run-off edge defining an exit gap together with the stationary part of the product chute, one at the exit slit, in particular above or inside it , arranged distribution roller and arranged below the distribution roller lower part of the product chute with the first discharge edge at the lower end.
  • the lower part of the product chute is a first flap pivotable about a first horizontal axis into different pivoting positions and adjusting means for adjusting the first flap in a certain pivoting position.
  • the feed of the product flow rate into the air flow and thus the separation cut is influenced by the pivoting position of the first flap. This embodiment improves the setting of the separating cut.
  • the boundary wall is a second flap pivotally mounted above the outlet gap about a second horizontal axis.
  • the second flap pivots due to their weight in a defined starting position at a distance from the second run-off edge.
  • the second flap adapts to different particle sizes by pivoting, which prevents product degradation.
  • a plurality of parallel and spaced-apart Strömungsleitbleche are present. This promotes an advantageous design of the air streams in the first classifier chamber.
  • the cross-flow air classifier is a multi-chamber cross-flow air classifier, i. he has several classifier chambers, which are connected in series and are flowed through successively by the air flow. In each classifier chamber, a product fraction is separated from the airflow.
  • the cross-flow air classifier is a two-chamber cross-flow air classifier, i. a cross-flow air classifier with exactly two classifier chambers.
  • the first air outlet is connected to a second separator chamber, wherein the first air outlet of the first classifier chamber is at the same time the second classifier chamber second air inlet, the second classifier chamber has a fine material outlet in a bottom wall and the second classifier chamber has a second air outlet through which the air exits the second classifier chamber.
  • the second air outlet is connected to a vertical outlet shaft.
  • the vertical outlet shaft causes a particularly effective separation of fine particles from the air flow.
  • a weir is present between adjacent classifier chambers. About the weir a fine material fraction from a classifier chamber is fed to a subsequent classifier chamber.
  • the weir is height adjustable. By adjusting the height of the weir, the separation step between coarse material and fine material fractions can be influenced.
  • the coarse material and / or the fine material outlet has a discharge lock. As a result, pressure losses are avoided in the classifier chamber.
  • the air duct is inclined obliquely downward starting from the first air inlet. This advantageously influences the flow in the first classifier chamber.
  • the cross-flow air classifier 1 has a classifier housing 2, in which a first classifier chamber 3 and a second classifier chamber 4 are formed.
  • the classifier housing 2 is substantially cuboid with a top wall 5, a bottom wall 6, two end-side side walls 7, 8 and two longitudinal side walls 9, 10.
  • first and second floor panels 14, 15 are arranged on the bottom wall 6, wherein on the left in the left first floor panel 14 right in the image second floor panel 15 protrudes and protrudes with its upper edge to the height-adjustable weir 13.
  • the first and second floor panels 14, 15 also extend from the front, longitudinal side wall 9 to the rear longitudinal side wall 10.
  • the first and second floor panels 14, 15 and the height-adjustable weir 13 separate the first classifier chamber 3 from the second classifier chamber 4.
  • the left-hand side wall 7 in the drawing has a first air inlet 16 with a ventilation grille 17 arranged therein. This is followed by an air inlet 18 to an air duct 19 which has an air outlet 20 at the opposite end.
  • the air duct 19 is bounded below by a downwardly inclined from the first air inlet 18 to the bottom wall, lower air channel plate 21 and above by the first air inlet 18 downwardly inclined, multi-angled upper air duct plate 22, each from one to the other longitudinal side Side wall 9, 10 extend.
  • a product task 23 is present, which has a product inlet 24 and below a product chute 25 in the top wall 5.
  • the product chute 25 is inclined away from the product inlet 23 and has a first run-off edge 26 above the air outlet 20 of the air duct 19.
  • the product chute 25 has a fixed upper part in the form of a fixed, downwardly inclined first sheet 27 with a second run-off edge 28 at the lower end.
  • the lower part of the product chute 25 comprises a fixed part in the form of a downwardly inclined second plate 29 and below a first flap 31 pivotable about a first horizontal axis 30 into different pivot positions and adjusting means for setting the first flap 31 in a certain pivot position.
  • a boundary wall 32 is arranged, which is a second flap 34 pivotally mounted about a second horizontal axis 33. It limits together with the fixed part of the product chute 25 an exit slit 35. There, a distribution roller 36 is arranged.
  • a first vertical partition wall 37 which ends above the second flap 34. From the bottom of the vertical partition 37 is an oblique on the Top wall 5 to upward inclined, transparent disc 38, which consists for example of Plexiglas. Above the disc, a viewing window 39 is arranged in the top wall, which is closed by a further transparent disc.
  • baffle 40 which extends in a large arc around the upper edge of the weir 13 around, is curved right up next to and below the weir 13 back up and through a second vertical partition 41 with the Top wall 5 is connected.
  • the weir 13 has on the left side in the drawing an outwardly arched outside, which extends beyond the top edge 42 of the weir 13 away. Between the upper edge 42 of the weir 13 and the baffle 40, a first air outlet 43 of the first classifier chamber 3 is present, which is also a second air inlet 44 of the second classifier chamber 4 and is also referred to as a weir overflow.
  • a funnel-shaped downwardly shaped bottom portion 47 is present in the region of the first classifier chamber between the lower air channel plate 21 and the first floor panel 14. At the lower end of this bottom section 47 is a coarse material outlet 48.
  • the second classifier chamber 4 in the image on the right is delimited by a third bottom plate 49 which is seated at a distance from the second bottom plate 15 on the bottom wall 6 at the bottom and is connected at the upper edge to the right-hand end side wall 8.
  • the second classifier chamber 4 has a fine material outlet 50 between the second floor panel 15 and the third floor panel 49, which has a discharge sluice 51 with exit 52 in the bottom wall 6 at the bottom.
  • the second classifier chamber 4 in the top wall 5 between the second vertical partition wall 41 and the right frontal side wall 8 has a second air outlet 53, which is connected to a vertical outlet duct 54.
  • a plurality of parallel flow baffles 55 are arranged outside the air duct 19 and in front of its air outlet 20.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of parallel Strömungsleitblechen 55 extends from the drainage edge 26 to the weir 13.
  • Each flow baffle 55 extends from the rear longitudinal side wall 16 to the front longitudinal side wall 9.
  • the Strömungsleitbleche 55 have, for example, a drop profile. They are inclined starting from the air outlet 20 in the direction of the weir 13 obliquely upwards. By means not shown adjusting the Strömungsleitbleche 55 are synchronously pivotable.
  • a cover 56 On the outside of the left-hand side wall 7, a cover 56 is provided, which is designed as a slide which is displaceable along a vertical guide 57 on the side wall.
  • a locking device 58 e.g. a clamping screw, the cover 56 is detectable in various positions along the guide 57, in which it deflects the first air inlet 16 to varying degrees.
  • the cross-flow air classifier 1 is used for separating differently sized or heavy particles, for example of coffee beans, from each other.
  • a fan is connected via the outlet shaft 54 to the air outlet 53.
  • coffee beans or other particles are abandoned. These are accumulated in the upper part of the product chute 25 in front of the distribution roller 36 and from this evenly on the lower part of the product chute 25, 31 delivered.
  • the particles slip over the first run-off edge 26, their trajectory being determined by the pivotal position of the first flap 31.
  • the air entering through the blower into the air duct 19 is deflected upward by means of the flow guide plates 55 and forms an air flow in the first classifier chamber 3.
  • lighter particles or particles are entrained with greater flow resistance and discharged through the weir 13.
  • Coarser particles fall into the coarse material outlet 48 and are removed by this the air classifier.
  • the over the weir 13 passing fine particles are entrained by the air flow in the second classifier chamber 4, where the air flow is deflected upward to emerge at the top of the exit shaft 54.
  • the finest particles are entrained.
  • a fine fraction of particle passes to the fines outlet 50 where it is discharged through the discharge lock 51.
  • the separation cut between the fine particles supplied to the second separator chamber 4 to be discharged from the fine-material outlet 50 and the coarse particles discharged through the coarse-material outlet 48 of the first separator chamber 3 is determined by various factors. Decisive are in particular the pivoting positions of the first flap 31, the Strömungsleitbleche 55 and the height adjustment of the weir 13. Furthermore, the position of the cover 56 is of considerable influence. By displacing the cover 56 from a position in which it completely releases the first air inlet 16, in a position partially covering the first air inlet 16, the separating cut 56 can be shifted toward larger particles than would be possible without covering.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP17170383.8A 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé Withdrawn EP3401026A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17170383.8A EP3401026A1 (fr) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17170383.8A EP3401026A1 (fr) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3401026A1 true EP3401026A1 (fr) 2018-11-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP17170383.8A Withdrawn EP3401026A1 (fr) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Séparateur aéraulique à écoulement croisé

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109647712A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-19 刘占鑫 一种物料分选装置
CN111822346A (zh) * 2020-08-13 2020-10-27 金路(唐山)智能装备有限公司 空气选粉机及其选粉方法
CN113457973A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-10-01 腾重(上海)机械科技有限公司 再生骨料精选装置
CN115399127A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2022-11-29 青岛农业大学 智能一体化水肥浇灌部件
CN115780012A (zh) * 2022-11-15 2023-03-14 湖南省西湖建筑集团有限公司 一种建筑垃圾破碎筛分装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4253940A (en) * 1979-09-24 1981-03-03 Watson Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for separating waste materials
US4465194A (en) * 1982-12-23 1984-08-14 Universal Leaf Tobacco Co. Threshed tobacco lead separator
DE202009007323U1 (de) * 2009-05-25 2010-10-21 Komptech Umwelttechnik Deutschland Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Biomasse

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4253940A (en) * 1979-09-24 1981-03-03 Watson Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for separating waste materials
US4465194A (en) * 1982-12-23 1984-08-14 Universal Leaf Tobacco Co. Threshed tobacco lead separator
DE202009007323U1 (de) * 2009-05-25 2010-10-21 Komptech Umwelttechnik Deutschland Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Biomasse

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109647712A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-19 刘占鑫 一种物料分选装置
CN115399127A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2022-11-29 青岛农业大学 智能一体化水肥浇灌部件
CN115399127B (zh) * 2019-08-15 2023-12-22 青岛农业大学 智能一体化水肥浇灌部件
CN111822346A (zh) * 2020-08-13 2020-10-27 金路(唐山)智能装备有限公司 空气选粉机及其选粉方法
CN111822346B (zh) * 2020-08-13 2023-06-23 金路(唐山)智能装备有限公司 空气选粉机及其选粉方法
CN113457973A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-10-01 腾重(上海)机械科技有限公司 再生骨料精选装置
CN115780012A (zh) * 2022-11-15 2023-03-14 湖南省西湖建筑集团有限公司 一种建筑垃圾破碎筛分装置
CN115780012B (zh) * 2022-11-15 2023-11-24 湖南省西湖建筑集团有限公司 一种建筑垃圾破碎筛分装置

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