EP3276016B1 - Alpha-beta titanium alloy - Google Patents
Alpha-beta titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3276016B1 EP3276016B1 EP16768566.8A EP16768566A EP3276016B1 EP 3276016 B1 EP3276016 B1 EP 3276016B1 EP 16768566 A EP16768566 A EP 16768566A EP 3276016 B1 EP3276016 B1 EP 3276016B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- titanium alloy
- content
- less
- cutting
- machinability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910021535 alpha-beta titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 55
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910009871 Ti5Si3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102220503491 Transmembrane protease serine 9_S30T_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910009601 Ti2Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009972 Ti2Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy. More particularly, the present invention relates to an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy with excellent machinability.
- a high-strength ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy typified by Ti-6Al-4V, can have its strength level changed easily by a heat treatment, in addition to being lightweight and having high strength and high corrosion resistance. For this reason, this type of ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy has been hitherto used very often, especially in the aircraft industry. To further make use of these characteristics, in recent years, applications of the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy have been increasingly expanded into the fields of consumer products, including vehicle parts, such as engine members of automobiles or motorcycles, sporting goods such as golf goods, materials for civil engineering and construction, various working tools, and spectacle frames, the development fields of deep sea and energy, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 mentions an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy extruded material with excellent fatigue strength and a manufacturing method for the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy extruded material.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy extruded material includes specified contents of C and Al, and also includes 2.0 to 10.0% in total of one or more of V, Cr, Fe, Mo, Ni, Nb, and Ta, in which an area ratio of a primary ⁇ -phase is within a certain range, a direction of a major axis of each of 80% or more of primary ⁇ grains in the primary ⁇ -phase is positioned within a specified angle range, and an average minor axis of ⁇ grains in a secondary ⁇ -phase is 0.1 pm or more.
- Patent Document 2 mentions an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy for casting that has higher strength and more excellent castability than a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Specifically, this ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy mentioned includes specified contents of Al, Fe + Cr + Ni, and C + N + O, and further a specified content of V if needed, with the balance being Ti and inevitable impurities.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy has extremely high manufacturing cost, and in addition, especially bad machinability, which interferes with the expansion of the applications of the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy.
- the usage range is limited in practice.
- various titanium alloys with improved machinability have been recently proposed.
- Patent Document 3 mentions a titanium alloy for a connecting rod that has improved the machinability while suppressing the reduction in toughness and ductility by containing rare earth elements (REM) and Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb, and Bi as appropriate to form granular compounds.
- Patent Document 4 mentioned a free-cutting titanium alloy that has improved the machinability by containing a rare earth element and improved the hot workability by containing B.
- Patent Document 5 mentions a free-cutting titanium alloy that achieves the reduction in ductility of a matrix and the refinement of inclusions to improve the free cutting properties, while suppressing the reduction in the fatigue strength and ensuring hot workability, by adding P and S, P and Ni, or P, S and Ni, or further REM in addition to these elements as free-cutting component.
- Patent Document 6 mentions an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy with excellent machinability and hot working.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy includes specified contents of C and Al and 2.0 to 10% in total of one or more elements selected from the group of ⁇ -stabilizing elements consisting of respective specified contents of V, Cr, Fe, Mo, Ni, Nb, and Ta, with the balance being Ti and impurities.
- an average area ratio of TiC precipitates in a microstructure is 1% or less, and an average value of the average circle equivalent diameter of the TiC precipitates is 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the present invention has been made in view of the foregoing circumstance, and it is an object of the present invention to achieve an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy that has high strength and excellent hot workability of the level of the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy, typified by the Ti-6Al-4V, while exhibiting more excellent machinability than the Ti-6Al-4V, without the necessity for the strict control or the like of the manufacturing process.
- An ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy according to the present invention which can solve the above-mentioned problem, is defined in claim 1.
- the present invention can provide the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy that has high strength and excellent hot workability, such as forgeability, of the level of an ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy, typified by the Ti-6Al-4V, and also exhibits more excellent machinability than the Ti-6Al-4V, making it possible to ensure satisfactory lifetime of working tools.
- Fig. 1 is a photomicrograph of a titanium alloy according to the present invention.
- the inventors have intensively studied to solve the foregoing problems. As a result, it has been found that especially, a specified content of at least one of Cu and Ni is contained in a titanium alloy, thereby significantly improving the ductility of the titanium alloy at high temperatures. In particular, thin chips are formed on the titanium alloy during a cutting process due to the reduction in deformation resistance, leading to a reduced cutting resistance, i.e., improving the machinability thereof.
- the composition of the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy according to the present invention will be described in sequence below, starting from Cu and Ni, which are the features of the present invention.
- Cu is solid-soluted into the ⁇ -phase and the ⁇ -phase in the alloy, thereby increasing its ductility at a high temperature and improving the hot workability. Thus, especially, the cutting resistance of the titanium alloy becomes lower, and the machinability thereof is improved.
- the content of Cu is set at 0.1% or more.
- the content of Cu is preferably 0.3% or more, and more preferably 0.5% or more.
- the content of Cu exceeds 2.0% by mass, the hardness of the titanium alloy is increased, thereby making it more likely to reduce the machinability and the hot workability, such as forgeability.
- the content of Cu is set at 2.0% or less.
- the content of Cu is preferably 1.5% or less, and more preferably 1.0% or less.
- Al is an ⁇ -stabilizing element and thus is contained in the titanium alloy to form the ⁇ -phase. If the Al content is less than 2.0%, the formation of the ⁇ -phase is lessened, failing to obtain sufficient strength. Thus, the Al content is set at 2.0% or more.
- the Al content is preferably 2.2% or more, and more preferably 3.0% or more. Meanwhile, if the Al content exceeds 8.5% to become excessive, the ductility of the titanium alloy is degraded. Thus, the Al content is set at 8.5% or less.
- the Al content is preferably 8.0% or less, more preferably 7.0% or less, and still more preferably 6.0% or less.
- the C is an element that exhibits the effect of improving the strength of the titanium alloy. To exhibit such an effect, the C content needs to be 0.08% or more.
- the C content is preferably 0.10% or more. Meanwhile, if the C content exceeds 0.25%, coarse TiC particles not solid-soluted in the ⁇ -phase will remain, thus degrading the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy. Therefore, the C content is set at 0.25% or less.
- the C content is preferably 0.20% or less.
- These elements are ⁇ -stabilizing elements. These elements may be used alone or in combination. To exhibit the above-mentioned effects, the total content of these elements needs to be 2.0% or more. The total content of these elements is preferably 3.0% or more. The lower limit of the total content of these elements only needs to be 2.0% or more as mentioned above, and the lower limit of the content of each of these elements is not limited specifically. Regarding the lower limit of the content of the individual element, for example, when Cr is contained in the titanium alloy, the lower limit of Cr content can be set at 0.5% or more, and further 1.0% or more. When Fe is contained in the titanium alloy, the lower limit of Fe content can be set at 0.5% or more, and further 1.0% or more.
- the total content of these elements is set at 7.0% or less.
- the total content of these elements is preferably 5.0% or less, and more preferably 4.0% or less. Even when the total content of these elements is within the above-mentioned total content range, if the Fe content is excessive, the degradation in the ductility becomes significant. Thus, the Fe content should be restrained to 2.5% or less.
- the Fe content is preferably 2.0% or less.
- the Cr content is set at 4.5% or less.
- the Cr content is preferably 4.0% or less, and more preferably 3.0% or less.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned components, with the balance being Ti and inevitable impurities.
- the inevitable impurities may include P, N, S, O, and the like.
- the P content is restrained to 0.005% or less; the N content is restrained to 0.05% or less; the S content is restrained to 0.05% or less; and the 0 content is restrained to 0.25% or less.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy according to the present invention may further contain the following elements.
- V more than 0% and 5.0% or less
- Mo more than 0% and 5.0% or less
- Nb more than 0% and 5.0% or less
- Ta more than 0% and 5.0% or less
- the total content of these elements is preferably 2.0% or more and more preferably 3.0% or more.
- the lower limit of the content of the individual element is not limited specifically.
- the lower limit of the content of the individual element for example, when V is contained in the titanium alloy, the lower limit of V content can be set at 0.5% or more, and further 2.0% or more.
- Mo is contained in the titanium alloy
- the lower limit of Mo content can be set at 0.1% or more, and further 1.0% or more.
- Nb is contained in the titanium alloy
- the lower limit of Nb content can be set at 0.1% or more, and further 1.0% or more.
- Ta is contained in the titanium alloy
- the lower limit of Ta content can be set at 0.1% or more, and further 1.0% or more.
- the total content of these elements is 10% or less and preferably 5.0% or less. Even when the total content of these elements is within the above-mentioned range, if the content of at least one element of them is excessive, the ductility of the titanium alloy is degraded.
- the upper limit of the content of any of these elements is preferably 5.0% or less. The content of any of these elements is more preferably 4.0% or less.
- Si more than 0% and 0.8% or less
- the Si acts to precipitate Ti 5 Si 3 in the titanium alloy. During cutting, stress is concentrated on the Ti 5 Si 3 , causing voids from Ti 5 Si 3 as a starting point, which makes it easy to separate chips. Consequently, the cutting resistance is supposed to be reduced. To efficiently exhibit this effect, the Si content is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 0.3% or more.
- the Si content is set at 0.8% or less.
- the Si content is more preferably 0.7% or less, and still more preferably 0.6% or less.
- the titanium alloy according to the present invention has the microstructure at room temperature that is composed of the ⁇ -phase and the ⁇ -phase, or the ⁇ -phase, the ⁇ -phase, and a third-phase, such as Ti 2 Cu or Ti 2 Ni.
- a third-phase such as Ti 2 Cu or Ti 2 Ni.
- a manufacturing method for the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy is not limited specifically.
- the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy can be manufactured, for example, by the following method. That is, the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy is manufactured by smelting titanium alloy material with the above-mentioned components, casting to produce an ingot, and then performing hot working, i.e., hot forging or hot-rolling on the ingot, followed by annealing as needed.
- the above-mentioned hot working involves: heating the ingot in a temperature range of a ⁇ -transformation temperature T ⁇ to approximately (T ⁇ + 250)°C, followed by rough forging or rough rolling at a processing ratio of approximately 1.2 to 4.0, which is represented by "original cross-sectional area/cross-sectional area after the hot working"; and then performing finish processing at a processing ratio of 1.7 or more in a temperature range of approximately (T ⁇ - 50) to 800°C.
- finish processing annealing may be performed at a temperature of 700 to 800°C as needed. The annealing is performed, for example, for two to 24 hours. Then, an aging treatment may be performed as needed.
- T ⁇ is determined from the formula (1) below.
- the formula (1) below corresponds to formulas (1) to (3) mentioned in Morinaga et al., "Titanium alloy design using d electron theory", Light metal, Vol. 42, No. 11 (1992), p. 614-621 .
- Boave 0.326 ⁇ Mdave ⁇ 1.95 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 T ⁇ + 2.217
- Boave is an average value of a bond order Bo of the element i
- Xi is an atomic ratio of the element i
- (Bo)i is a value of the bond order Bo of the element i.
- Mdave is an average value of a d-orbital energy parameter Md of the element i
- Xi is an atomic ratio of the element i
- (Md) i is a value of the d-orbital energy parameter Md of the element i.
- Test materials were fabricated in the following way.
- the titanium alloy with each composition shown in Table 1 below was processed by button arc melting to manufacture an ingot with a size of about 40 mm in diameter ⁇ 20 mm in height.
- the P content was restrained to 0.005% or less;
- the N content was restrained to 0.05% or less;
- the S content was restrained to 0.05% or less; and
- the O content was restrained to 0.25% or less.
- the mark "-" means that the corresponding element was not contained.
- the ingot was heated to 1,200°C and subjected to the rough forging at a processing ratio of 2.4, represented by the "original cross-sectional area/cross-sectional area after the hot working", followed by forging at a processing ratio of 4.4 at 870 °C to perform finish processing. Thereafter, annealing was performed on the forged material by holding it at 750°C for 12 hours, thereby producing a test material. Note that as shown in Comparative Example 7 of Table 1 below, a test material in which a crack occurred by the rough forging was not subjected to the finish forging.
- the hot workability was evaluated by the hot forgeability.
- the presence or absence of a crack in each of forging steps namely, the rough forging and the finish forging mentioned above, was evaluated. That is, the surface of the above-mentioned test material after each forging step was visually observed.
- the test materials having any crack were rated as NG, while the test materials having no cracks were rated as OK. Then, the test materials rated as OK in terms of both the rough forging and the finish forging were evaluated to have excellent forgeability.
- the test materials having good forgeability were evaluated for the machinability as follows. That is, a test specimen with the size below was taken out of the above-mentioned test material, and a cutting test was performed on the test specimen on the cutting conditions below.
- the machinability was evaluated as an average cutting resistance by measuring a cutting resistance in the cutting direction with a Kessler's cutting dynamometer, Model: 9257 B, from the start to the end of cutting and then determining an average value of the cutting resistance from the start to the end of the cutting.
- an average cutting resistance was 180 N. Because of this, in the first example, the test materials having an average cutting resistance of lower than 180 N were evaluated to be superior in the machinability, while the test materials having an average cutting resistance of 180 N or higher were evaluated to be inferior in the machinability.
- Test Specimen 10 mm in height ⁇ 10 mm in width ⁇ 150 mm in length Tool: Carbide tip S30T (nose 0.4 mm) manufactured by Sandvik Corporation
- the tensile strength of the ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy according to the present invention was also measured for reference.
- the titanium alloys of Examples 1 and 3, and Comparative Example 1 were used and subjected to the tensile test on the following conditions of the shape and testing speed of the test specimen.
- the test materials had a strength of 948 MPa in Example 1, 1, 125 MPa in Example 3, and 948 MPa in Comparative Example 1, all of these strengths being relatively high.
- the strengths of these test materials exhibited higher strength than the strength of 896 MPa of an annealed material of Ti-6Al-4V as a general ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy.
- Shape of Test Specimen ASTM E8/E8M Fig. 8 Specimen 3 Test Speed: 4.5 mm/min
- Table 1 shows the following. Examples 1-8, none of which fall within the scope of protection as defined in claim 1, were found to enable good forging and to have excellent forgeability. Furthermore, these examples were found to have a lower average cutting resistance than that of Ti-6Al-4V as a general ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy and also to have good machinability.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 7 did not satisfy the composition specified by the present invention and thereby were consequently inferior in forgeability or machinability.
- Comparative Example 1 neither Cu nor Ni was contained, resulting in a high average cutting resistance.
- Comparative Example 1 had the same composition as that mentioned in Patent Document 6.
- the comparison of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 3 with Comparative Example 1 in which the constituent elements, other than Cu and Ni, and their contents are the same as those in Examples 1 to 3 shows that in order to surely obtain good machinability by sufficiently decreasing the average cutting resistance, it is necessary to contain a specified content of at least one of Cu and Ni, as mentioned in the present invention.
- Comparative Example 2 which contained Ni, the Ni content was excessive.
- Comparative Example 5 which contained Cu, the Cu content was excessive.
- the average cutting resistance was higher than 180 N, resulting in bad machinability.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 6 the respective contents of Cu and Ni were excessive. In both comparative examples, the average cutting resistance was higher than 180 N, resulting in bad machinability.
- Comparative Example 4 since the Cu content was excessive, the forgeabililty was degraded. In Comparative Example 7, since the respective contents of Cu and Ni were drastically excessive, cracking occurred at the stage of the rough forging, resulting in degradation in the forgeability.
- the influence of the Si content, especially, on the machinability were studied.
- Table 2 various ingots with different Si contents were manufactured to produce test materials in the same way as that in the first example.
- the P content was restrained to 0.005% or less; the N content was restrained to 0.05% or less; the S content was restrained to 0.05% or less; and the O content was restrained to 0.25% or less.
- the mark "-" means that the corresponding element was not contained.
- test material No. 3 in Table 2 was measured in the same way as that in the first example.
- This test material No. 3 had a tensile strength of 968 MPa, which was higher than a strength, i.e., 896 MPa of an annealed material of Ti-6Al-4V as the general ⁇ - ⁇ titanium alloy.
- test material was polished to a mirror-smooth state, followed by acid treatment using hydrofluoric acid to an extent that crystal grain boundaries could be seen, and then visually observed at ten field of views, each field of view having a size of 40 pm ⁇ 40 ⁇ m, with a field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) at a magnification of 4,000 times.
- FE-SEM field emission-scanning electron microscope
- the test materials in which the precipitation phase was recognized at four or less of the above-mentioned ten field of views in total were evaluated to be in the "absence" of the precipitation phase.
- the above-mentioned precipitation phase was separately recognized as Ti 5 Si 3 by an X-ray diffraction (XRD).
- Fig. 1 shows one example of a photomicrograph observed with the above-mentioned microscope.
- Fig. 1 is one obtained by measurement of the test material No. 3 shown in Table 2, with an arrow indicating one precipitation phase.
- a Vickers hardness HV was measured at five sites of each test material on the condition of a load 10 kgf, and the measured values were averaged. In this way, an average value of the Vickers hardness was determined.
- the test materials evaluated to have good forgeability in the same way as that in the first example, that is, all examples shown in Table 2 were evaluated for the machinability as follows. That is, a test specimen with the size mentioned below was taken out of the above-mentioned test material, and a cutting test was performed on the test specimen on the cutting conditions below.
- the machinability was evaluated as an average cutting resistance by measuring a cutting resistance in the cutting direction by the Kessler's cutting dynamometer, Model: 9257 B, from the start to the end of cutting and then determining an average value of the cutting resistance from the start to the end of the cutting.
- an average cutting resistance was 122 N. Because of this, in the second example, the test materials having an average cutting resistance of lower than 122 N were evaluated to be superior in the machinability, while the test materials having an average cutting resistance of 122 N or higher were evaluated to be inferior in the machinability.
- Test Specimen 10 mm in height ⁇ 10 mm in width ⁇ 60 mm in length Tool: Carbide tip S30T (nose 0.4 mm) manufactured by Sandvik Corporation
- Table 2 shows the following. That is, as clearly shown, the test material No. 1 having the same composition as that in Example 1 of Table 1 were compared with test materials No. 2 to 6, particularly, test materials No. 2 to 4 in which the contents of elements other than Si were the same as those in Example 1 of Table 1. Based on the comparison, the arrangement that contains Si in the titanium alloy made it possible to further reduce the average cutting resistance and to ensure the sufficiently high machinability, compared to a case in which Si was not contained. In contrast, when the Si content was excessive, like the test materials No. 7 and No. 8, the hardness of the titanium alloy becomes extremely high, increasing the average cutting resistance and also causing inconveniences, such as a damage of a working tool.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015064275 | 2015-03-26 | ||
JP2016009417A JP6719216B2 (ja) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-01-21 | α−β型チタン合金 |
PCT/JP2016/058247 WO2016152663A1 (ja) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-16 | α-β型チタン合金 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3276016A1 EP3276016A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
EP3276016A4 EP3276016A4 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
EP3276016B1 true EP3276016B1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
Family
ID=57242933
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16768566.8A Active EP3276016B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-16 | Alpha-beta titanium alloy |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20180044763A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP3276016B1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP6719216B2 (ru) |
KR (1) | KR102027100B1 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN107406918A (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2695852C2 (ru) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107858558B (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-09-03 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种超塑性钛合金板材及其制备方法 |
JP6927418B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-10 | 2021-08-25 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | チタン合金およびその製造方法 |
CN108559872B (zh) * | 2018-06-05 | 2020-06-30 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | 一种TiAl合金及其制备方法 |
JP6901049B2 (ja) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-07-14 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | チタン合金板、チタン合金板の製造方法、銅箔製造ドラム及び銅箔製造ドラムの製造方法 |
JP7387139B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-22 | 2023-11-28 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | チタン合金、その製造方法およびそれを用いたエンジン部品 |
EP4340961A1 (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2024-03-27 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Beta enhanced titanium alloys and methods of manufacturing beta enhanced titanium alloys |
KR102544467B1 (ko) * | 2022-10-05 | 2023-06-20 | 한밭대학교 산학협력단 | 응력부식저항성을 갖는 크롬 첨가 타이타늄 합금 및 이의 제조방법 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2626344B2 (ja) | 1990-10-01 | 1997-07-02 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Ti合金の快削性改善方法と快削性Ti合金 |
JPH0653902A (ja) | 1992-07-31 | 1994-02-25 | Nec Corp | 無線通信システム |
JP3369220B2 (ja) | 1992-09-18 | 2003-01-20 | セイレイ工業株式会社 | 車両の警報装置 |
JP3365190B2 (ja) * | 1996-01-29 | 2003-01-08 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | α+β型チタン合金溶接部材の後熱処理方法 |
RU2086695C1 (ru) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-10 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов | Сплав на основе титана |
JPH1136029A (ja) * | 1997-05-21 | 1999-02-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高強度チタン合金鋳造品 |
JP4493028B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-21 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 被削性及び熱間加工性に優れたα−β型チタン合金 |
JP4493029B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-21 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 被削性及び熱間加工性に優れたα−β型チタン合金 |
JP2009299110A (ja) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 断続切削性に優れた高強度α−β型チタン合金 |
JP2010007166A (ja) | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 鋳造用α+β型チタン合金及びこれを用いたゴルフクラブヘッド |
JP5435333B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-22 | 2014-03-05 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | α+β型チタン合金薄板の製造方法及びα+β型チタン合金薄板コイルの製造方法 |
RU2436858C2 (ru) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-12-20 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Корпорация Всмпо-Ависма" | Вторичный титановый сплав и способ его получения |
JP5592818B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-03 | 2014-09-17 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 疲労強度に優れたα−β型チタン合金押出材およびそのα−β型チタン合金押出材の製造方法 |
TWI447513B (zh) * | 2011-08-03 | 2014-08-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | 投影機光源裝置 |
JP5796810B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高強度かつ冷間圧延性に優れたチタン合金材 |
RU2583556C2 (ru) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-05-10 | Публичное Акционерное Общество "Корпорация Всмпо-Ависма" | Экономнолегированный титановый сплав |
-
2016
- 2016-01-21 JP JP2016009417A patent/JP6719216B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-03-16 CN CN201680017462.1A patent/CN107406918A/zh active Pending
- 2016-03-16 RU RU2017134565A patent/RU2695852C2/ru active
- 2016-03-16 US US15/560,533 patent/US20180044763A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-03-16 EP EP16768566.8A patent/EP3276016B1/en active Active
- 2016-03-16 KR KR1020177029948A patent/KR102027100B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2017134565A3 (ru) | 2019-04-09 |
RU2017134565A (ru) | 2019-04-09 |
EP3276016A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
JP2016183407A (ja) | 2016-10-20 |
CN107406918A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
KR102027100B1 (ko) | 2019-10-01 |
US20180044763A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
KR20170125981A (ko) | 2017-11-15 |
RU2695852C2 (ru) | 2019-07-29 |
JP6719216B2 (ja) | 2020-07-08 |
EP3276016A4 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3276016B1 (en) | Alpha-beta titanium alloy | |
EP3133179B1 (en) | Austenitic stainless steel and method for producing same | |
JP5442857B2 (ja) | 高強度用の近β型チタン合金およびその製造方法 | |
EP3524705B1 (en) | Ni-cr-fe alloy | |
EP3023508B1 (en) | Expanded member comprising cu-al-mn alloy material and exhibiting superior anti-stress corrosion properties, and use therefor | |
EP2610360B1 (en) | Co-based alloy | |
JP6965986B2 (ja) | α+β型チタン合金線材及びα+β型チタン合金線材の製造方法 | |
EP3257963A1 (en) | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING Ni-BASED SUPER-HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY | |
EP2675931B1 (en) | HIGH TEMPERATURE LOW THERMAL EXPANSION Ni-Mo-Cr ALLOY | |
KR101905784B1 (ko) | 냉간에서의 코일 취급성이 우수한 고강도 α+β형 티타늄 합금 열연판 및 그 제조 방법 | |
WO2009151031A1 (ja) | α-β型チタン合金 | |
KR101418775B1 (ko) | 저탄성 고강도 베타형 타이타늄 합금 | |
JP5298368B2 (ja) | 高強度かつ成形性に優れたチタン合金板とその製造方法 | |
EP2679694B1 (en) | Ti-mo alloy and method for producing same | |
EP3012337B1 (en) | Hot-forged ti-al-based alloy and method for producing same | |
EP2851446B1 (en) | Resource-saving titanium alloy member having excellent strength and toughness, and method for manufacturing same | |
EP3520915A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing ni-based super heat resistant alloy extruded material, and ni-based super heat resistant alloy extruded material | |
EP3907306A1 (en) | Bar | |
WO2016152663A1 (ja) | α-β型チタン合金 | |
CN108699635B (zh) | 热锻性优异的高强度高耐腐蚀性Ni基合金 | |
WO2018221560A1 (ja) | Ni基合金及びそれを用いた燃料噴射部品、Ni基合金の製造方法 | |
EP3048178A1 (en) | Engine exhaust valve for large ship and method for manufacturing the same | |
JP2022024243A (ja) | β型チタン合金 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170921 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20180724 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: C22F 1/18 20060101ALI20180718BHEP Ipc: C22C 14/00 20060101AFI20180718BHEP Ipc: C22F 1/00 20060101ALI20180718BHEP |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190425 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602016022224 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1188888 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20191115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20191009 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1188888 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20191009 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200110 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200109 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200109 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200210 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200224 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602016022224 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG2D | Information on lapse in contracting state deleted |
Ref country code: IS |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200209 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20200710 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20200331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200331 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200316 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200331 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20220120 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220118 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220118 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191009 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602016022224 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230316 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230331 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231003 |