EP2995395B1 - Procédé de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface et produit de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface - Google Patents

Procédé de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface et produit de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface Download PDF

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EP2995395B1
EP2995395B1 EP14795101.6A EP14795101A EP2995395B1 EP 2995395 B1 EP2995395 B1 EP 2995395B1 EP 14795101 A EP14795101 A EP 14795101A EP 2995395 B1 EP2995395 B1 EP 2995395B1
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Prior art keywords
steel sheet
shearing
surface layer
temperature
die
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EP14795101.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2995395A1 (fr
EP2995395A4 (fr
Inventor
Takashi Matsuno
Yoshihito Sekito
Tamaki Suzuki
Kaoru Kawasaki
Atsushi Seto
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/10—Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys

Definitions

  • a first aspect of the invention is to provide a surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method including: heating and keeping a steel sheet having a carbon content of 0.15% or more by mass in a temperature range of from Ac3 to 1400°C to austenitize the steel sheet; subsequently shearing the steel sheet in a state in which the steel sheet is placed on a die; and quenching by rapidly cooling the sheared steel sheet, wherein a start temperature of the shearing is set to be a temperature (°C) obtained by adding a temperature of from 30°C to 140°C to a previously measured Ar3 of the steel sheet.
  • the surface temperature of the steel sheet may be measured immediately before the hot-shearing using a radiation thermometer.
  • Non-Patent Literature 3 Such a temperature dependence is disclosed in, for example, “ Hongsheng Liu, Jun Bao, Zhongwen Xing, Dejin Zhang, Baoyu Song, and Chengxi Lei; “Modeling and FE Simulation of Quenchable High Strength Steels Sheet Metal Hot Forming Process", Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 20(6), 2011, pp.894 to pp. 902 “ (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "Non-Patent Literature 3”), and practitioners may use values disclosed in this Literature without actually measuring the values.
  • the steel sheet 1 having the carbon content of 0.15% or more by mass is placed on the die 3 after being heated to the range of from Ac3 to 1400°C higher than the shearing start temperature in the range of from Ar3 + 30°C to Ar3 + 140°C and being subjected to a soaking treatment (see Fig. 4A ).
  • a black part indicates a bainite phase, a martensite phase, or a residual austenite phase.
  • crystal grains having the aspect ratio of 3 or more are present, the delayed fracture does not occur for reasons which will be described below.
  • the predetermined range region A is set to calculate the amount of equivalent plastic strain in the sheared portion, it is possible to calculate the amount of equivalent plastic strain having a small error.
  • the method of calculating the amount of equivalent plastic strain disclosed in the surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method according to the second embodiment is applicable to the calculation of the amount of equivalent plastic strain in the surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method according to the first embodiment.
  • Example 7 Steel sheet Steel-sheet heating Rapidly cooling Amount of equivalent plastic strain Coefficient Shearing start temperature(°C) Presence or absence of cracks Dimensional error (%) Steel grade Ar3(°C) Temperature(°C) Time (min.)
  • Example 7 A 420 950 1.5 Water 2.0 40 500 Absence 1.1
  • Example 8 A 420 950 1.5 Die 2.0 60 560 Absence 1.1
  • Example 9 B 480 950 1.5 Water 2.5 40 580 Absence 1.2
  • Example 10 C 460 950 1.5 Water 1.8 40 532 Absence 1.1 Comparative Example 6 A 420 950 1.5 Water 2.0 10 440 Presence 0.7 Comparative Example 7 B 480 950 1.5 Water 2.5 10 475 Presence 0.8

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface comprenant :
    le chauffage et le maintien d'une tôle d'acier ayant une teneur en carbone de 0,15 % ou supérieure en masse dans un intervalle de température de Ac3 à 1 400°C pour austéniser la tôle d'acier ;
    puis le cisaillement de la tôle d'acier dans un état dans lequel la tôle d'acier est placée sur un moule ; et
    la trempe par refroidissement rapide de la tôle d'acier cisaillée,
    dans lequel une température de début du cisaillement est réglée pour être une température (°C) obtenue par addition d'une température de 30°C à 140°C à une Ar3 préalablement mesurée de la tôle d'acier ;
    ou
    dans lequel une température de début du cisaillement est réglée pour être une température (°C) obtenue par addition d'une valeur, laquelle est calculée en multipliant une quantité de déformation plastique équivalente d'une couche de surface dans une portion cisaillée d'un coefficient de 40 à 60, à une Ar3 préalablement mesurée de la tôle d'acier, dans lequel la quantité de déformation plastique équivalente de la couche de surface dans la portion cisaillée est calculée comme une valeur moyenne d'une quantité de déformation plastique équivalente d'une région dans un intervalle de 5 % à 20 % d'une épaisseur de la tôle d'acier à partir d'un plan de cisaillement de la portion cisaillée jusqu'à un intérieur de la tôle d'acier dans une direction perpendiculaire du plan de cisaillement et dans un intervalle de 20 % à 50 % de l'épaisseur de la tôle d'acier dans une direction d'épaisseur de la tôle d'acier à partir d'un fond sur un côté d'ébarbage de la portion cisaillée, et dans lequel la quantité de déformation plastique équivalente de la couche de surface dans la portion cisaillée est calculée par une simulation de cisaillement par analyse utilisant une méthode d'éléments finis (FEM) qui est réalisée sur la base d'un diagramme contrainte-déformation à une température de tôle d'acier de 500°C à 800°C, par intégration d'un incrément dans une déformation plastique équivalente "dε-P" par une fonction de rendement de von Mises qui est représentée par la formule (1) suivante lorsqu'un système de coordonnés de matériau est défini par x, y, et z : d ε ‾ P = 2 3 d ε xx 2 + d ε yy 2 + d ε zz 2 + 2 d ε xy 2 + 2 d ε yz 2 + 2 d ε zx 2
    Figure imgb0005
  2. Procédé de cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le cisaillement de la tôle d'acier débute dans les trois secondes après que la tôle d'acier est en contact avec le moule.
  3. Procédé de cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le refroidissement rapide est réalisé lorsque la tôle d'acier entre en contact avec le moule.
  4. Procédé de cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le refroidissement rapide est réalisé lorsqu'un jet d'eau haute pression d'une perforation formée dans une portion de contact de la tôle d'acier avec le moule passe à travers une rainure fournie dans la portion de contact de la tôle d'acier.
  5. Procédé de cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le façonnage sous pression n'accompagnant pas une fracture de la tôle d'acier est réalisé entre le chauffage et le cisaillement de la tôle d'acier.
  6. Pièce usinée obtenue par cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface, comprenant :
    une tôle d'acier ayant une teneur en carbone de 0,15 % ou supérieure en masse, une couche de surface d'une portion cisaillée d'une tôle d'acier ayant une teneur en carbone de 0,15 % ou supérieure en masse incluant une phase de ferrite et un reste, la couche de surface étant définie comme un intervalle allant jusqu'à 100 µm à l'intérieur de la tôle d'acier dans une direction perpendiculaire d'un plan de cisaillement à partir d'un plan de fracture de la portion cisaillée,
    dans laquelle le reste inclut au moins une phase d'une phase de bainite, d'une phase de martensite, ou d'une phase d'austénite résiduelle qui présente un diamètre de grain de cristal de 3 µm ou inférieur, et comprend de la cémentite et des inclusions inévitablement produites,
    dans laquelle la phase de ferrite présente une taille moyenne de grain de 3 µm ou inférieure,
    dans laquelle la couche de surface contient 5 % ou plus de grains en nombre ayant un rapport d'allongement de 3 ou supérieur,
    dans laquelle une région à l'extérieur de l'intervalle de 100 µm comprend : de la martensite, et des inclusions inévitablement produites ; ou de la bainite, de la martensite, et des inclusions inévitablement produites, et
    dans laquelle un rapport de surface totale de la phase de bainite, la phase de martensite, et la phase d'austénite résiduelle, lesquelles sont mesurées par un procédé de diffraction à diffusion retour de faisceau d'électrons (EBSD), est de 10 % à 50 % dans la couche de surface.
  7. Pièce usinée obtenue par cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle, dans la couche de surface, la cémentite présente une densité en nombre de 0,8 pièces/µm3 ou inférieure et la cémentite présente une longueur maximale de 3 µm ou inférieure.
  8. Pièce usinée obtenue par cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 6 ou 7, la pièce usinée produite par : chauffage et maintien d'une tôle d'acier ayant une teneur en carbone de 0,15 % ou supérieure en masse dans un intervalle de température de Ac3 à 1 400°C pour austéniser la tôle d'acier ; puis le cisaillement de la tôle d'acier dans un état dans lequel la tôle d'acier est placée sur un moule ; et la trempe par refroidissement rapide de la tôle d'acier cisaillée,
    dans laquelle une température de départ du cisaillement est réglée pour être une température (°C) obtenue par addition d'une température de 30°C à 140°C à une Ar3 préalablement mesurée de la tôle d'acier.
  9. Pièce usinée obtenue par cisaillement à chaud d'affinage de grain de couche de surface selon la revendication 6 ou 7, la pièce usinée produite par chauffage et maintien d'une tôle d'acier ayant une teneur en carbone de 0,15 % ou supérieure en masse dans un intervalle de température de Ac3 à 1 400°C pour austéniser la tôle d'acier ; puis le cisaillement de la tôle d'acier dans un état dans lequel la tôle d'acier est placée sur un moule ; et la trempe par refroidissement rapide de la tôle d'acier cisaillée, et
    une température de début du cisaillement est réglée pour être une température (°C) obtenue par addition d'une valeur, laquelle est calculée en multipliant une quantité de déformation plastique équivalente d'une couche de surface dans une portion cisaillée d'un coefficient de 40 à 60, à une Ar3 préalablement mesurée de la tôle d'acier.
EP14795101.6A 2013-05-09 2014-05-09 Procédé de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface et produit de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface Active EP2995395B1 (fr)

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JP2013099243 2013-05-09
PCT/JP2014/062534 WO2014181882A1 (fr) 2013-05-09 2014-05-09 Procédé de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface et produit de découpage à chaud d'affinage de grain de surface

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EP2995395A4 EP2995395A4 (fr) 2016-12-28
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US (1) US20160067760A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2995395B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6103047B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR20150144801A (fr)
CN (1) CN105163880B (fr)
BR (1) BR112015027819A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2910862C (fr)
ES (1) ES2709206T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN201918040553A (fr)
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RU (1) RU2633200C2 (fr)
TR (1) TR201900620T4 (fr)
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ES2709206T3 (es) 2019-04-15
EP2995395A1 (fr) 2016-03-16
TR201900620T4 (tr) 2019-02-21
CA2910862A1 (fr) 2014-11-13
CN105163880A (zh) 2015-12-16
JPWO2014181882A1 (ja) 2017-02-23
MX2015015170A (es) 2016-06-10
TWI568857B (zh) 2017-02-01
US20160067760A1 (en) 2016-03-10
KR20150144801A (ko) 2015-12-28
TW201506167A (zh) 2015-02-16
IN201918040553A (fr) 2019-11-08
KR20170143003A (ko) 2017-12-28
MX367252B (es) 2019-08-12
CN105163880B (zh) 2017-10-13
TH159544A (th) 2017-01-23
RU2633200C2 (ru) 2017-10-11
WO2014181882A1 (fr) 2014-11-13
RU2015149732A (ru) 2017-06-16
EP2995395A4 (fr) 2016-12-28
CA2910862C (fr) 2018-06-26
KR101833191B1 (ko) 2018-02-27
JP6103047B2 (ja) 2017-03-29
BR112015027819A2 (pt) 2017-08-29

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