EP2995395B1 - Heissscherungsverfahren mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung und heissscherungsprodukt mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung - Google Patents

Heissscherungsverfahren mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung und heissscherungsprodukt mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung Download PDF

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EP2995395B1
EP2995395B1 EP14795101.6A EP14795101A EP2995395B1 EP 2995395 B1 EP2995395 B1 EP 2995395B1 EP 14795101 A EP14795101 A EP 14795101A EP 2995395 B1 EP2995395 B1 EP 2995395B1
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Prior art keywords
steel sheet
shearing
surface layer
temperature
die
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French (fr)
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EP2995395A1 (de
EP2995395A4 (de
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Takashi Matsuno
Yoshihito Sekito
Tamaki Suzuki
Kaoru Kawasaki
Atsushi Seto
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/10—Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys

Definitions

  • a first aspect of the invention is to provide a surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method including: heating and keeping a steel sheet having a carbon content of 0.15% or more by mass in a temperature range of from Ac3 to 1400°C to austenitize the steel sheet; subsequently shearing the steel sheet in a state in which the steel sheet is placed on a die; and quenching by rapidly cooling the sheared steel sheet, wherein a start temperature of the shearing is set to be a temperature (°C) obtained by adding a temperature of from 30°C to 140°C to a previously measured Ar3 of the steel sheet.
  • the surface temperature of the steel sheet may be measured immediately before the hot-shearing using a radiation thermometer.
  • Non-Patent Literature 3 Such a temperature dependence is disclosed in, for example, “ Hongsheng Liu, Jun Bao, Zhongwen Xing, Dejin Zhang, Baoyu Song, and Chengxi Lei; “Modeling and FE Simulation of Quenchable High Strength Steels Sheet Metal Hot Forming Process", Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 20(6), 2011, pp.894 to pp. 902 “ (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "Non-Patent Literature 3”), and practitioners may use values disclosed in this Literature without actually measuring the values.
  • the steel sheet 1 having the carbon content of 0.15% or more by mass is placed on the die 3 after being heated to the range of from Ac3 to 1400°C higher than the shearing start temperature in the range of from Ar3 + 30°C to Ar3 + 140°C and being subjected to a soaking treatment (see Fig. 4A ).
  • a black part indicates a bainite phase, a martensite phase, or a residual austenite phase.
  • crystal grains having the aspect ratio of 3 or more are present, the delayed fracture does not occur for reasons which will be described below.
  • the predetermined range region A is set to calculate the amount of equivalent plastic strain in the sheared portion, it is possible to calculate the amount of equivalent plastic strain having a small error.
  • the method of calculating the amount of equivalent plastic strain disclosed in the surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method according to the second embodiment is applicable to the calculation of the amount of equivalent plastic strain in the surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method according to the first embodiment.
  • Example 7 Steel sheet Steel-sheet heating Rapidly cooling Amount of equivalent plastic strain Coefficient Shearing start temperature(°C) Presence or absence of cracks Dimensional error (%) Steel grade Ar3(°C) Temperature(°C) Time (min.)
  • Example 7 A 420 950 1.5 Water 2.0 40 500 Absence 1.1
  • Example 8 A 420 950 1.5 Die 2.0 60 560 Absence 1.1
  • Example 9 B 480 950 1.5 Water 2.5 40 580 Absence 1.2
  • Example 10 C 460 950 1.5 Water 1.8 40 532 Absence 1.1 Comparative Example 6 A 420 950 1.5 Water 2.0 10 440 Presence 0.7 Comparative Example 7 B 480 950 1.5 Water 2.5 10 475 Presence 0.8

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Heißscherungsverfahren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung, das aufweist:
    Heizen und Halten eines Stahlblechs mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,15 Masse-% oder mehr in einem Temperaturbereich von Ac3 bis 1400°C, um das Stahlblech zu austentisieren;
    anschließendes Scheren des Stahlblechs in einem Zustand, in dem das Stahlblech auf einem Formwerkzeug angeordnet ist; und
    Abschrecken durch Schnellkühlen des gescherten Stahlblechs,
    wobei eine Anfangstemperatur des Scherens auf eine Temperatur (°C) festgelegt wird, die erhalten wird, indem eine Temperatur von 30°C bis 140°C zu einer vorher gemessenen Ar3 des Stahlblechs addiert wird;
    oder
    wobei eine Anfangstemperatur des Scherens auf eine Temperatur (°C) festgelegt wird, die durch Addieren eines Werts, der berechnet wird, indem eine äquivalente plastische Dehnungsgröße einer Oberflächenschicht in einem gescherten Abschnitt mit einem Koeffizienten von 40 bis 60 multipliziert wird, zu einer vorher gemessenen Ar3 des Stahlblechs erhalten wird, wobei die äquivalente plastische Dehnungsgröße der Oberflächenschicht in dem gescherten Abschnitt als ein Mittelwert einer äquivalenten plastischen Dehnungsgröße einer Region in einem Bereich von 5% bis 20% einer Dicke des Stahlblechs von einer Scherebene des gescherten Abschnitts in ein Inneres des Stahlblechs in einer Normalrichtung der Scherebene und in einem Bereich von 20% bis 50% der Dicke des Stahlblechs in einer Dickenrichtung des Stahlblechs von einer Unterseite auf einer Gratseite des gescherten Abschnitts berechnet wird, und wobei die äquivalente plastische Dehnungsgröße der Oberflächenschicht in dem gescherten Abschnitt durch eine Schersimulation durch eine Analyse unter Verwendung eines Finite-Elemente-Verfahrens (FEM) berechnet wird, das basierend auf einem Spannungs-Dehnungs-Diagramm bei einer Stahlblechtemperatur von 500°C bis 800°C ausgeführt wird, indem ein Inkrement der äquivalenten plastischen Dehnung "dε-P" durch eine Mises-Fließfunktion integriert wird, welche durch die folgende Formel (1) dargestellt wird, wenn ein Materialkoordinatensystem als x, y und z definiert ist: d ε ‾ p = 2 3 d ε xx 2 + d ε yy 2 + d ε zz 2 + 2 d ε xy 2 + 2 d ε yz 2 + 2 d ε zx 2
    Figure imgb0004
  2. Heißscherungsverfahren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Scheren des Stahlblechs innerhalb von drei Sekunden, nachdem das Stahlblech in Kontakt mit dem Formwerkzeug kommt, beginnt.
  3. Heißscherungsverfahren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Schnellkühlen durchgeführt wird, wenn das Stahlblech in Kontakt mit dem Formwerkzeug kommt.
  4. Heißscherungsverfahren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Schnellkühlen durchgeführt wird, wenn Wasser, das aus einem Durchstich ausströmt, der in einem Kontaktabschnitt des Stahlblechs mit dem Formwerkzeug ausgebildet ist, eine Nut durchläuft, die in dem Kontaktabschnitt des Stahlblechs bereitgestellt ist.
  5. Heißscherungsverfahren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Pressformen, das mit keinem Bruch des Stahlblechs einhergeht, zwischen dem Heizen und dem Scheren des Stahlblechs durchgeführt wird.
  6. Werkstück, das durch Heißscheren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung erhalten wird, das aufweist:
    ein Stahlblech mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,15 Masse-% oder mehr, wobei eine Oberflächenschicht eines gescherten Abschnitts eines Stahlblechs mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,15 Masse-% oder mehr eine Ferritphase und einen Rest aufweist, wobei die Oberflächenschicht als ein Bereich von bis zu 100 µm im Inneren des Stahlblechs in einer Normalrichtung einer Scherebene von einer Bruchebene des gescherten Abschnitts definiert ist,
    wobei der Rest wenigstens eine Phase einer Bainitphase, einer Martensitphase oder eine Restaustenitphase, die einen Kristallkorndurchmesser von 3 µm oder weniger hat, aufweist und Zementit und unweigerlich erzeugte Einschlüsse aufweist,
    wobei die Ferritphase eine mittlere Korngröße von 3 µm oder weniger hat,
    wobei die Oberflächenschicht 5% einer Anzahl von Körnern oder mehr mit einem Seitenverhältnis von 3 oder mehr enthält,
    wobei eine Region aus dem Bereich von 100 µm aufweist: Martensit und unweigerlich erzeugte Einschlüsse; oder Bainit, Martensit und unweigerlich erzeugte Einschlüsse, und
    wobei ein Gesamtflächenverhältnis der Bainitphase, der Martensitphase und der Restaustenitphase, die durch ein Elektronenstrahl-Rückstreubeugungs- (EBSD-) Verfahren gemessen werden, zwischen 10% und 50% in der Oberflächenschicht beträgt.
  7. Werkstück, das durch Heißscheren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung erhalten wird, nach Anspruch 6, wobei in der Oberflächenschicht das Zementit eine Anzahldichte von 0,8 Teilen/µm3 oder weniger hat und das Zementit eine maximale Länge von 3 µm oder weniger hat.
  8. Werkstück, das durch Heißscheren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung erhalten wird, nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei das Werkstück hergestellt wird durch: Heizen und Halten eines Stahlblechs mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,15 Masse-% oder mehr in einem Temperaturbereich von Ac3 bis 1400°C, um das Stahlblech zu austentisieren; anschließendes Scheren des Stahlblechs in einem Zustand, in dem das Stahlblech auf einem Formwerkzeug angeordnet ist; und Abschrecken durch Schnellkühlen des gescherten Stahlblechs,
    wobei eine Anfangstemperatur des Scherens auf eine Temperatur (°C) festgelegt wird, die erhalten wird, indem eine Temperatur von 30°C bis 140°C zu einer vorher gemessenen Ar3 des Stahlblechs addiert wird.
  9. Werkstück, das durch Heißscheren mit Oberflächenkornverfeinerung erhalten wird, nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei das Werkstück hergestellt wird durch: Heizen und Halten eines Stahlblechs mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,15 Masse-% oder mehr in einem Temperaturbereich von Ac3 bis 1400°C, um das Stahlblech zu austentisieren; anschließendes Scheren des Stahlblechs in einem Zustand, in dem das Stahlblech auf einem Formwerkzeug angeordnet ist; und Abschrecken durch Schnellkühlen des gescherten Stahlblechs, und
    wobei eine Anfangstemperatur des Scherens auf eine Temperatur (°C) festgelegt wird, die erhalten wird, indem ein Wert, der berechnet wird, indem eine äquivalente plastische Dehnungsgröße einer Oberflächenschicht in einem gescherten Abschnitt mit einem Koeffizienten von 40 bis 60 multipliziert wird, zu einer vorher gemessenen Ar3 des Stahlblechs addiert wird.
EP14795101.6A 2013-05-09 2014-05-09 Heissscherungsverfahren mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung und heissscherungsprodukt mit oberflächenkornverfeinerung Active EP2995395B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2014/062534 WO2014181882A1 (ja) 2013-05-09 2014-05-09 表層細粒化熱間剪断加工方法および表層細粒化熱間剪断加工部品

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ES2709206T3 (es) 2019-04-15
TWI568857B (zh) 2017-02-01
RU2015149732A (ru) 2017-06-16
MX2015015170A (es) 2016-06-10
TR201900620T4 (tr) 2019-02-21
KR101833191B1 (ko) 2018-02-27
KR20150144801A (ko) 2015-12-28
CA2910862A1 (en) 2014-11-13
TH159544A (th) 2017-01-23
JP6103047B2 (ja) 2017-03-29
CN105163880B (zh) 2017-10-13
KR20170143003A (ko) 2017-12-28
JPWO2014181882A1 (ja) 2017-02-23
MX367252B (es) 2019-08-12
EP2995395A1 (de) 2016-03-16
EP2995395A4 (de) 2016-12-28
CA2910862C (en) 2018-06-26
BR112015027819A2 (pt) 2017-08-29
RU2633200C2 (ru) 2017-10-11
TW201506167A (zh) 2015-02-16
IN201918040553A (de) 2019-11-08
US20160067760A1 (en) 2016-03-10
CN105163880A (zh) 2015-12-16

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