EP2896432B1 - Procédé et installation d'extinction à l'aide d'un fluide d'extinction synthétique liquide - Google Patents
Procédé et installation d'extinction à l'aide d'un fluide d'extinction synthétique liquide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2896432B1 EP2896432B1 EP14151689.8A EP14151689A EP2896432B1 EP 2896432 B1 EP2896432 B1 EP 2896432B1 EP 14151689 A EP14151689 A EP 14151689A EP 2896432 B1 EP2896432 B1 EP 2896432B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- extinguishing
- extinguishing agent
- water
- agent
- nozzle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/11—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone
- A62C35/13—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone with a finite supply of extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/44—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device only the sensor being in the danger zone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/026—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being put under pressure by means other than pressure gas, e.g. pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/11—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for deleting objects or facilities and a facility for deleting objects or facilities.
- the invention is applicable everywhere where an efficient, environmentally friendly, safe and cost-effective method for extinguishing a fire with a synthetic extinguishing agent and a corresponding extinguishing system are required for machinery, equipment and facilities in rooms and open areas.
- quenching gases such as argon, nitrogen, and synthetic gaseous quenching agents, such as HFC-227ea
- HFC-227ea synthetic gaseous quenching agents
- the synthetic extinguishing gas Halon 1211 Prior to the halon ban (Halon is still permitted in some non-EU countries and with special permits within the EU), the synthetic extinguishing gas Halon 1211 has been used for many of these applications.
- the electrically non-conductive, residue-free, and ambient-pressure gaseous halon 1211 could due to its properties or its extinguishing mechanism also be used for the protection of objects in open areas.
- the synthetic halon successor products developed by the chemical industry as extinguishing agents are primarily designed for use in gaseous phase and for use in tight closed rooms in the room protection concept. This approach is primarily due to the quenching mechanism of these synthetic quenchers which, unlike the chemical chain termination reaction of halons, relies on heat removal. In order to achieve this effect of the heat extraction, a longer residence time of the synthetic extinguishing agent at the flame, a longer exposure time of the extinguishing agent is required to safely extinguish an energetic fire.
- WO 2004 / 098718A1 discloses a combined gas and water spray extinguishing system having a common piping system, the combined plant comprising an extinguishing gas supply device, a fire water supply device, a common piping, a fire detection device, a fire detection and extinguishing control center, and a Sprühwasserventilstation and a selector valve in the gas supply line.
- the selector valve controls the quench gas flow from the gas supply line directly into the common piping to the extinguishing nozzles and is controlled by an extinguishing controller which also controls the scrubber valve station and releases or blocks the flow of water directly into the common piping to the extinguishing nozzles.
- the WO 2004 / 098718A1 further discloses a method for extinguishing a fire, which after unsuccessful extinguishing with the extinguishing gas comprises the step of manually triggering the water extinguishing system, wherein the manual triggering takes place via an operator by pressing a Sprühwasserventilstationsschalter.
- the term effective zone is understood to mean the location of the development of the extinguishing effect, the flame and / or the combustion zone and / or the source of the fire.
- liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is the extinguishing effect in the cooling (heat energy removal) and the transition of the liquid extinguishing agent in the gaseous phase, the local oxygen displacement occurs.
- the solution according to the invention relates to a method for deleting objects or devices.
- the inventive method is in particular using two different liquid extinguishing agents, which are provided by two separate extinguishing agent supply means, in particular via a separator and a common pipe and at least one nozzle, performed, wherein the first extinguishing agent supply means a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and the second extinguishing agent supply means in provide water or water-based extinguishing agent to a water reservoir and / or from a water supply device.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent, the first extinguishing agent supply is preferably stored and provided in an extinguishing agent container.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is stored in the pipeline to the nozzles.
- the storage of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent in the pipeline is used in addition to the storage in the extinguishing agent container. This storage in the pipeline shortens the time until the extinguishing agent in case of fire at the fire is available for fire fighting.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is preferably discharged from one or more extinguishing agent containers and / or from the storing pipe which is filled with the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent.
- the method is particularly suitable for the deletion of objects or devices such as machines or plants in large and / or open spaces. Rooms or open spaces with the objects or facilities to be protected represent the protected areas.
- the liquid extinguishing agents are routed through the common pipe to at least one nozzle and spread over this to the fire in the vicinity or on the object or device in the protected area to extinguish the fire. As a rule, several nozzles are arranged, the number depends on the size and shape of the object or the device and the size of the protected area.
- the common pipe includes a distribution pipe network which directs the extinguishing agent to the nozzles disposed about the protective object or device in predefined positions.
- the common pipe When using multiple nozzles, the common pipe has branches, a distribution pipe network to the nozzles and possibly to other protection areas.
- a common pipeline is therefore also understood below to mean such a pipeline network which is used for both liquid extinguishing agents for discharging via the nozzles.
- the pipeline or the pipe network to the nozzles serves as an extinguishing agent container.
- the pipeline is closed with a trigger valve.
- the trigger valve is located directly in the protection area and the nozzles are connected with short branch lines.
- the triggering valve comprises a triggering element which reacts in particular to the fire characteristic heat.
- the trigger valve is provided with an electrical release, for example with a magnetic plunger or a pyrotechnic trigger.
- the pyrotechnic trigger is an electrically ignitable pyrotechnic element, which exerts a force to trigger.
- the pipeline or the pipe network is closed with sprinkler nozzles which comprise a glass barrel, the glass barrels of the sprinklers being opened by triggering elements, for example magnetic lifting pistons or a pyrotechnic trigger.
- triggering elements for example magnetic lifting pistons or a pyrotechnic trigger.
- the method for extinguishing objects or devices with the above-mentioned process steps (a) to (d) may alternatively be formed with a pipe to the nozzles as the extinguishant container and containing the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent, wherein the pipe or the Piping network are closed with release valve and / or sprinklers and the sprinklers are activated in case of fire by a trigger device (magnetic piston / pyrotechnic release).
- a trigger device magnetic piston / pyrotechnic release
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is a non-flammable, non-flammable, electrically non-conductive liquid having a vapor pressure at 21 ° C of 0.1 to 3 bar and / or at a temperature of 21 ° C, a Density 1,400 kg / m 3 to 1,800 kg / m 3 has.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is a FK-5-1-12 (C 4 F 9 OCH 3 ).
- FK is 5 -1-12. It is listed in standards NFPA 2001 and ISO 14520 and is also represented by the chemical formulas (C 4 F 9 OCH 3 ) or 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-NONAFLUORO-4- ( TRIFLUOROMETHYL) -3-PENTANONE.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is a fluoroketone.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent by means of pressurized gas, preferably by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center for discharging the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent, in particular from the extinguishing agent container via the pipe and the at least one nozzle by the activation of the first extinguishing agent supply device Nitrogen, driven from the extinguishing agent container through the common pipe to the nozzle. For this sends the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel a control signal to a valve and / or to a device for pressurizing the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent container.
- the pressurized gas superimposed on the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent container of the first extinguishing agent supply device is 25, 42 or 50 bar.
- the extinguishing agent container is closed with a valve which opens the extinguishing agent container when actuated by the fire alarm and extinguishing control panel and the extinguishing agent can be discharged.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is discharged via a conveyor from the extinguishing agent tank via the common pipe and the at least one nozzle.
- one or more pumps are used as a conveyor or pressure increasing devices such as pyrotechnic gas generators or charging cartridges that release in the driving case upon detection of a fire gas at a predefined pressure, which is passed into the extinguishing agent container for discharging the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent.
- the control of the first extinguishing agent supply device by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center in the process step (b) according to the invention by sending control signals via the signal-conducting connection to the conveyor takes place.
- At least one event detector is present in the protected area.
- these event messages are located in the vicinity, on or even in the object to be protected.
- a fire signal is understood to mean the detection of a fire parameter which exceeds a predetermined limit or the manual actuation of a manual call point, which sends a fire signal to a fire alarm and / or Extinguishing control panel sends.
- the detection of a fire characteristic is carried out by the sensors of an event detector, preferably an automatic fire detector.
- Fire characteristics are understood to mean all parameters such as smoke, heat and flame radiation as well as combustion gases that characterize a fire that has arisen or has broken out. They are based on the measurement of physical parameters such as light scattering of smoke aerosols and / or temperature, electromagnetic radiation, or the detection of combustion gases such as CO, NO x or longer-chain hydrocarbons or other schwelbrandkennumbleder substances. All parameters which serve for fire detection are referred to below as fire characteristics.
- Fire detectors in the protected area are preferably arranged as event detectors.
- automatic fire detectors such as smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors, spark detectors, fire gas detectors, Rauchansaugsysteme, and / or manually operated manual call points are used.
- the decision whether the detection of a fire parameter is a fire signal is preferably made by appropriate evaluation algorithms in the electronic evaluation unit of the event detector, preferably the fire detector.
- the fire signal can also be a pre-alarm to take appropriate action.
- the event alarms send the fire signal via a signal-conducting connection to the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center, which then detects this fire signal.
- the signal-conducting connection between the event detector and fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center electrical lines are preferably provided.
- the transmission of the fire signal by means of a wireless data transmission, for example by radio, the signal-conducting connection is then a radio connection.
- the decision as to whether the detection of a fire parameter is a fire signal can also be effected by appropriate evaluation algorithms in an electronic evaluation unit of the fire detection and / or extinguishing control panel, as well as the detection of a fire signal by the manual operation of a manual call point.
- the fire signal counts as detected if this has detected the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control signals as a fire signal and indicates a fire alarm and / or forwards to a constantly occupied place.
- An extinguishing control center is signal-conducting connected to a fire alarm panel or a monitoring center or a control system, receives a fire signal and controls an extinguishing system, triggers this for spreading the extinguishing agent in the protected area in which a fire was detected and controls the expiration of the deletion, preferably by opening and optionally by closing valves on extinguishing agent containers and / or on / in extinguishing fluid-carrying components.
- An extinguishing control panel for gas extinguishing systems or extinguishing systems with synthetic extinguishing agents may preferably fully or partially meet the requirements of EN12094-1.
- a fire alarm and extinguishing control panel is a combined control center, which has all the components to meet the above functions and operation of a fire alarm and extinguishing control center.
- the fire detector and / or extinguishing control panel used in the method according to claim 1 and the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel as part of the system according to claim 9 has the following special features.
- the fire alarm and / or control unit performs all necessary for the function of the system monitoring, controls, regulations, alarms, off or on by. In advantageous embodiments, it can forward all switching and operating states to predefined receiving devices, such as building management systems.
- the fire alarm and / or control center is signal-conducting connected to both the conveyor and with the level and pressure monitoring device. Furthermore, the fire alarm and / or control center detects and processes the signals of the event report. In addition, the fire alarm and / or control center can also be signal-connected to the machines, plants and / or facilities to be deleted and turn them off or on.
- the control unit of the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel which is technically connected to the electronic evaluation of the fire signals, initiates all follow-up actions, all controls.
- the control unit of the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel can be programmed and configured by various means, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a service or programming tool. For this purpose, an existing in or on the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel programming interface is used. With these means, parameters such as times, in particular an emptying time t c , a control time t k, a monitoring time t b can be stored in a memory of the control unit. The programming stored in the microcontroller system of the control unit then initiates the preprogrammed follow-up actions upon detection of fire signals, in particular the activation of extinguishing agent supply devices.
- the programming stored in the microcontroller system of the control unit contains a test module which generates a signal for controlling a second extinguishing agent supply device when a second fire signal is detected at time t 2 when the test module determines that the time t 2 is the inequality (t 1 + t c ) ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ), where t c is the emptying time of the complete emptying of the extinguishing agent tank, t k is the control time following the emptying time t c and t b is the monitoring period and the monitoring period t b starting from the time t 1 is the sum of the emptying time t c and the control time t k is.
- control unit is set up to allow these parameters to be input and / or changed additionally or exclusively via the operating elements of the display and control unit.
- the central control unit of the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center is configured so that the method step (b) is initiated only when two event detectors each detect a fire signal, preferably within a predetermined time interval. This increases the reliability of the triggering of the deletion process and reduces false triggering by deception sizes.
- the central control unit is configured so that only the reception of two fire signals from two fire detectors from a protected area, the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center this as a fire signal, evaluated as the first fire signal and as a consequence, the control of the first extinguishing agent supply device.
- the control of the first extinguishing agent supply device by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center by sending a control signal to a valve, preferably to a solenoid valve, which is arranged on the extinguishing agent container or the extinguishing agent-storing component, and the valve opens and gives the extinguishing agent flow in the direction of at least one nozzle free.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent which is preferably pressurized with gas, is discharged via the separating device and the common pipeline via the at least one nozzle in the protected area above the fire.
- a conveyor or to a pump is driven, which deploy the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent from the extinguishing agent container via the separator, the common pipe and the at least one nozzle.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center stores the time t 1 , the time of detection of a first fire signal, preferably in the arranged event memory.
- the power supply of the machine, system or device to be deleted by the fire alarm and / or control center is switched off at time t 1 or after a subsequent predetermined delay time t a, which may also assume the value zero. This breaks the power supply for a possible source of fire and / or prevents short circuits.
- the central control unit of the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center is designed and configured such that it has stored by programming and configuration a predetermined control time t k and a predetermined emptying time t c for the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent from the extinguishing agent container.
- the emptying time t c begins from the time t 1, which was stored on detection of the first fire signal by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center.
- the emptying time is the time of complete emptying of several extinguishing agent containers, for example, three extinguishing agent containers.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center checks whether another fire signal is detected. This may be the case if, by deletion with liquid synthetic extinguishing agent, after process step (a), the fire has not yet extinguished, reignition or re-ignition occurs or a second fire breaks out.
- the time t 2 after the complete emptying of the extinguishing agent container, after the expiration of the emptying time t c , but it is within a monitoring period t b , wherein the monitoring period t b from Starting at the time t 1 , the sum of the emptying time t c and a control time t k , wherein the control time t k is following the emptying time t c and during this time t k , in particular by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center, is checked whether a fire signal is detected and the time t 2 satisfies the inequality (t 1 + t c ) ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ).
- the central control unit of the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center is designed and configured such that it controls the second extinguishing agent supply device by programming and configuration and the water or water-based extinguishing agent on the separator, the common pipe and the at least one nozzle for deletion is discharged if at the time t 2 a second fire signal is detected by the event detector and the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel, and this time t 2 after the complete emptying of the extinguishing agent container within the monitoring period t b , and t 2 the inequality (t 1 + t c ) satisfies ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ).
- the inventive method is a demand-controlled two-stage extinguishing method, with the application of a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent for the first extinguishing stage and, if the fire in a predetermined time t b is not extinguished or flares up, water or water-based extinguishing agent is applied as a second extinguishing stage.
- a control of the separator by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center for generating a switching position of the separator, which the transport path of the water or of the water-based extinguishing agent in the direction of the common pipe and the at least one nozzle and completely blocks the transport path of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent from the first extinguishing agent supply device in the direction of the common pipe and the nozzle.
- the detection of the fire signal takes place as in process step (a) by the at least one event detector and the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center.
- step (b) a control of the separator by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel for generating a switching position, which releases the transport path of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent in the direction of the common pipe and the at least one nozzle and the transport path of the water or the water-based extinguishing agent from the second extinguishing agent supply device in Direction of the common pipe and the at least one nozzle completely blocked.
- the volume flow of escaping from the nozzle synthetic extinguishing agent is designed as a targeted extinguishing agent jet with the geometry of a cone so that the synthetic extinguishing agent remains largely liquid in the center of this cone until reaching the source of fire.
- This is achieved by shaping the extinguishing agent jet with the geometry of a cone in such a way that a homogeneous distribution of the drops of the synthetic extinguishing agent over the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the cone axis is achieved.
- the largely liquid extinguishing agent content is at least 80%. In a further embodiment of the method, this proportion is more than 50%.
- this gas mixture when heated, this gas mixture will receive more thermal energy (heat energy) for each degree of temperature increase, i. the fire, fire deprives as the normal air environment.
- thermal energy heat energy
- the source of the fire the combustion zone cools down so far that the fire eventually goes out.
- the local oxygen displacement by the gaseous synthetic extinguishing agent acts much faster, since the concentration of the gaseous synthetic extinguishing agent builds up directly at the source of the fire in the evaporation, as compared to the evaporation of the liquid extinguishing agent at the nozzle.
- a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent in at least one closed extinguishing agent container which are designed as a pressure vessel, superimposed with a pressurized gas, preferably nitrogen stored.
- a valve closes this container.
- Pressure monitoring devices monitor the system pressure of these extinguishing agent containers. A drop in the system pressure by a defined predetermined value based on the nominal pressure at 21 ° C is detected via a signal-conducting connection to a fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center as a fault displayed by this center and / or sent to a receiving or reporting device.
- the valve outlet of this extinguishing agent container is fluidly connected via a check valve and a first supply line with a separator. From the separator, a piping system leads to extinguishing nozzles in and around the protective Object or to be protected area or the device to be protected are arranged.
- the water supply in the second stage of the deletion in the case of detecting a second fire signal at time t 2 , either by means of reservoir, or by a water supply device, such as an existing water pipe, for example, from the pipeline of the public water supply.
- a conveying device for example a pressure-increasing device, generates the volume flow and pressure required for discharging the water.
- a level monitoring device such as a mechanical float or an electrical level monitoring can be arranged as an ultrasonic measuring system. From the level monitoring device, a signal can be given via electrical lines or via radio to a fire alarm and / or control center.
- a conveying device for the water it is advantageous to use a pump which is suitable for conveying or for increasing the pressure of liquid media.
- the drive can be done electrically or pneumatically.
- the conveying or the pressure increase of the water can be effected by superposition with pressurized gas, preferably nitrogen.
- the separation device decouples the flow of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent from the flow of water or water-based extinguishing agent and ensures that no mixing of the two extinguishing fluids takes place in the pipes and in the distribution pipe network.
- the separation device is preferably designed as a common in water extinguishing systems separation station or as a multi-way valve or other switchable valve or valve combination for opening and closing the transport routes of the liquid chemical extinguishing agent and the water or the water-based extinguishing agent.
- a backflow preventer preferably a check valve, which in case of malfunction of the separator water enters this extinguishing agent container.
- a backflow preventer preferably a check valve to install against the ingress of synthetic extinguishing agent.
- the non-return valve on the extinguishing agent container for the synthetic extinguishing agent and the non-return valve in front of the water reservoir form the separating device.
- the valves of the backflow preventer have a signal-conducting connection with the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center.
- the conduits used to convey the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and the water may be metal, or other suitable refractory materials.
- the pipelines are preferably designed for the pressure stage of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent used, preferably 25, 42 or 50 bar. In other advantageous embodiments, any other pressure levels are possible.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the fire alarm and extinguishing control center is designed and arranged so that it controls the separation device for generating a switching position upon detection of a second fire signal before driving the conveyor, the transport path of the water or the water-based extinguishing agent in the direction of the common pipe and the nozzle and at the same time blocks the transport path of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent from the first extinguishing agent supply device in the direction of the common pipe to the nozzle.
- the nozzles for applying the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and the water or the water-based extinguishing agent are nozzles that are optimized for use with both extinguishing agents. By means of hydraulic calculation and by design parameters determined by tests, the nominal pipe diameters, nozzle cross sections, required pressures and volume flows for the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and water or water-based extinguishing agent are determined.
- the at least one nozzle, a full-cone nozzle and / or hollow cone nozzle and / or one provides in further advantageous embodiments of the system Fan nozzle dar.
- any combination of these nozzle types are applicable.
- the nozzle has a nozzle bore with a widening mouth.
- the at least one nozzle is designed such that the volume flow of the emerging from the nozzle liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is formed as a targeted extinguishing agent jet with the geometry of a cone so that the synthetic extinguishing agent remains largely liquid in the center of this cone. This is achieved in that the formation of the nozzle takes place such that there is a homogeneous distribution of the drops of the synthetic extinguishing agent over the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the cone axis.
- the largely liquid extinguishing agent content is at least 80%. In a further embodiment of the method, this proportion is more than 50%.
- a respective backflow preventer is arranged in front of the first and second extinguishing agent supply devices, preferably one non-return valve each. These prevent ingress of water or water-based extinguishing agent into the first extinguishing agent supply device and from the synthetic extinguishing agent into the second extinguishing agent supply device.
- these non-return valves form the separating device, so that no additional separating device has to be used.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center is designed and set up to trigger the valve when the second fire signal is detected at time t 2 , when it has checked whether the time t 2 is the inequality (t 1 + t c ) satisfies ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ), where t c is the emptying time of the complete emptying of the extinguishing agent container, t k is the monitoring time following the emptying time t c and t b is the monitoring period and the monitoring period t b starting from the time t 1 , the sum of the emptying time t c and the control time t k .
- the entire nitrogen, as Propellant is used is spread through the common pipe to the fire.
- the discharge through the pipeline between the nozzle and the separation stadium serves to clean the pipeline before the water flows through the common pipeline. This makes sense, since water and a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent are not compatible in every case.
- both extinguishing agents reach the source of the fire through the common pipe and the same distribution pipe network via the nozzles optimized for this dual application.
- the advantage is that the inventive solution for the risk level of a normal fire on or in the object to be protected or on or in a device quickly and safely deleted with the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent.
- the risk level of a larger fire or for a reignition or re-firing of the fire is extinguished with the cheaper extinguishing agent water or water-based extinguishing agent.
- a further advantage is that the solution according to the invention offers the possibility of extinction with water or water-based extinguishing agent, if in the time until the preparation of the ready state of the first extinguishing agent supply device, i. until after refilling the extinguishing agent container with liquid synthetic extinguishing agent, the flame re-ignites or a new fire breaks out.
- a further advantage is the use of a pressure switch, a contact pressure gauge or a pressure sensor with a signal evaluation unit as pressure monitoring device.
- extinguishing agent container for liquid synthetic extinguishing agent or storage container for water or water-based extinguishing agent
- the solution according to the invention has the advantage that it combines the advantages of an extinguishing system with liquid synthetic extinguishing agent with the advantages of a conventional water extinguishing system. This eliminates the disadvantage that systems with liquid synthetic extinguishing agent are not yet suitable for property protection.
- An additional second extinguishing stage with water or water-based extinguishing agent the cost of the first extinguishing agent supply device with liquid synthetic extinguishing agent are significantly reduced, with a high level of security and availability of the entire extinguishing system is given. Furthermore, by sharing common piping with distribution pipe network and nozzles for the two different extinguishing agents material and installation costs are saved.
- the invention further relates to a fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center for controlling two extinguishing agent supply devices.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center on a control unit which is adapted to the activation of a first extinguishing agent supply means (17) upon detection of a first fire signal at time t 1 , upon detection of a second fire signal at time t 2 to control a second extinguishing agent supply device if has checked whether the time t 2 satisfies the inequality (t 1 + t c ) ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ), where t c is the emptying time of the complete emptying of the extinguishing agent container (1), t k is the control time in Connection to the emptying time t c and t b represent the monitoring period and the monitoring period t b starting from the time t 1 is the sum of the emptying time t c and the control time t k .
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of the system according to the invention for the deletion of objects and devices with a first extinguishing agent supply device 17 with a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 in an extinguishing agent container 1, on which a valve 16 is arranged.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent is superimposed with nitrogen.
- the nitrogen superposition pressure is 50 bar.
- the second disposed extinguishing agent supply device 18 comprises a water reservoir 2 with water 3 or a water-based extinguishing agent and a conveyor 7, which generates the volume flow and pressure for the water or the water-based extinguishing agent.
- a first supply line 20 directs the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 after opening the valve 16 to the separator 8 and via a common pipe 9 and at least one nozzle 10.
- 3 nozzles are shown which are in Schutzberiech 19, in which the protected in that the object 22 to be extinguished is subjected to extinguishing agent in case of fire.
- the separator 8, the common pipe 9 and the nozzles 10 are formed to first guide the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 and subsequently, if necessary, water 3 or water-based extinguishing agent to the object to be extinguished.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of the system in which instead of the water storage tank 2, a water supply device 15 is arranged, preferably the public water supply, all other components and arrangements of this embodiment are identical to the in Fig. 1 illustrated plant.
- a water supply device 15 is arranged.
- two event messages 11 are arranged, which are connected to a fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 via the signal-conducting connection 13.
- the detection of a fire signal is carried out by the Fire alarm and / or extinguishing control panel 12.
- the fire detection and extinguishing control panel 12 is configured and arranged to, upon detection of a first fire signal at the time t 1 controls the valve 16 and opens for discharging the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 with the pressurized nitrogen from the extinguishing agent container 1.
- the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 passes through the common pipe 9 and the three nozzles 10 to the object to be extinguished 20 in the protection area 19.
- the common pipe 9 includes a distribution pipe network 23, which directs the extinguishing agent to the nozzle 10, which is the protective Object 22 are arranged in predefined positions.
- the predefined positions are determined so that the fire can be extinguished in a very short time with a minimum amount of extinguishing agent.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 additionally controls the conveyor 7, which outputs the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent from the reservoir 2 for the embodiment Fig. 1 or discharges water from the water supply device 15 via the common pipe 9 and the nozzles 10 for deletion of the object 22 in the protection area 19.
- a pressure monitoring device 4 is arranged on or in the extinguishing agent container 1.
- the necessary pressure and the volume flow for application are achieved by the conveyor 7.
- the level monitoring device 5 and pressure monitoring device 4 are signal-conducting, in the illustrated example via the signal-conducting connection 13, preferably designed as an electrical line, connected to the fire alarm and / or control center 12. Pressure and level are detected and monitored by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12. If predetermined limit values are undershot and / or exceeded, this is sent to a predetermined receiving and / or signaling device.
- the conveyor 7 generates the required for the discharge of the water 3 volume flow and pressure.
- the extinguishing agent tank 1 with the liquid Synthetic extinguishing agent 14 is connected via the first supply line 21 to the separator 8 and the conveyor 7 for the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent is connected to the second supply line 22 to the separator 8.
- the common pipe 9 directs the extinguishing agent to the nozzles 10 in the protection area 19.
- the separator 8 ensures that only one extinguishing agent is in the pipe 9 and the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent and the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14th kept separate.
- Fig. 1 shows that in front of the extinguishing agent supply means 17 and 18, that is downstream of the extinguishing agent supply devices 17, 18 backflow preventer 6 are arranged. They prevent ingress of water 3 or water-based extinguishing agent into the first extinguishing agent supply device 17 and a penetration of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 in the second extinguishing agent supply means 18. There is a respective backflow preventer 6 between the extinguishing agent container 1 and the separation device 8 and between the conveyor 7 and the Separating device 8 is arranged.
- the pipe 9 leads to the nozzles 10, which apply the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 and, if necessary, the water 3 to the protected object to be deleted 20.
- the conveyor 7, the valve 16 on the extinguishing agent tank 1, and the separator 8 are connected to their control with the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 signal-conducting.
- this signaling connection 13 is realized via electrical lines that are monitored by the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 for wire breakage and / or short circuit to detect malfunction immediately and report. Not shown is the wireless execution version of the signal-conducting connection thirteenth
- the first and second extinguishing agent supply means 17, 18 are driven, ie the valve 16 is driven at a first fire signal, it opens the extinguishing agent tank 1 and at a second fire signal in the predetermined monitoring period t b , the conveyor 7 is driven.
- the respective extinguishing agent is discharged via the common pipe 9 and the nozzles 10 and the fire is fought on or in the object to be deleted 22.
- fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 is designed and arranged so that in the case of detection of a second fire signal to Time t 2 before the activation of the second extinguishing agent supply means 18, the separation device 8 controls, for generating a switching position of the separation device 8, which releases the transport path of the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent in the direction of the common pipe 9 and the nozzles 10 and the transport path of the liquid synthetic Extinguishing agent 14 from the first extinguishing agent supply device 17 in the direction of the common pipe 9 and the nozzles 10 completely blocked.
- This switching position of the separator is the secondary switching position of the separator 8, since the second stage of deletion with water 3 or water-based extinguishing agent only in case of need, if the first stage of deletion with the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 has not led to the deletion and a second fire signal was recorded.
- the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12 is further configured and arranged so that it performs a control of the separation device 8 to generate a switching position of the separation device 8, which the transport path of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14 in the direction of the common before the first extinguishing agent supply means 17 Pipe 9 and the at least one nozzle 10 releases and the transport path of the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent from the second extinguishing agent supply device 18 in the direction of the common pipe 9 and the at least one nozzle 10 completely blocked.
- This switching position of the separating device is the primary switching position of the separating device 8, since the first stage of the deletion is carried out with the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent 14.
- This activation of the separating device 8 can be omitted if it is already in this primary switching position before the activation of the first extinguishing agent supply device 17.
- the remaining nitrogen flows and removes all residues of the synthetic extinguishing agent 14 from the pipeline 9.
- a rinsing of the common pipe 9 and the at least one nozzle 10 with a gas in this embodiment with nitrogen.
- extinguishing systems are used for the liquid spreading of the synthetic extinguishing agent for the at least one nozzle, here three nozzles, nozzles with only one nozzle bore and a widening mouth.
- This creates a targeted extinguishing agent jet with the geometry of a cone, preferably one Vollkegels, and a high extinguishing agent density.
- the targeted compact beam shape creates a kind of tunnel effect, so that the contact surfaces of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent with the ambient air are low and evaporation of the liquid synthetic extinguishing agent by the ambient air takes place only on the front shock front and the side surfaces of the extinguishing agent jet. In the center of this cone, therefore, the synthetic extinguishing agent remains largely liquid until it reaches the source of the fire.
- Fig. 3 schematically shows the timing of the method steps of a particularly preferred embodiment of the method for deleting objects or devices using two different liquid extinguishing agents 3, 14, by two separate extinguishing agent supply means 17, 18 via a separator 8 and a common pipe 9 and at least one Nozzle 10 can be provided.
- a first fire signal is detected by at least one event detector 11 and a fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center 12.
- the control of the second extinguishing agent supply device 18 and the water 3 or the water-based extinguishing agent is discharged via the separator 8, the common pipe 9 and the at least one nozzle 10 for deletion.
- the control of the second extinguishing agent supply device 18 takes place in this case only if the time t 2 after the complete emptying of the extinguishing medium container 1, after expiry of the discharge time t c is, however, within a monitoring period t b, wherein the monitoring period of time t b from the time t 1 starting from the Sum of the emptying time t c and a control time t k , wherein the control time t k is following the emptying time t c and in this time t k the fire alarm and / or extinguishing control center (12) checks whether a fire signal is detected and the Time t 2 satisfies the inequality (t 1 + t c ) ⁇ t 2 ⁇ (t 1 + t b ).
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Claims (13)
- Procédé d'extinction d'objets ou d'équipements, comprenant les étapes suivantes, de préférence consécutives :(a) détection d'un premier signal de feu par au moins un détecteur d'événement (11) et une centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12), à l'instant t1 ;(b) excitation d'un premier équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (17) par la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12) en vue de la diffusion d'un agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) via une tuyauterie commune (9) et au moins une buse (10) ;(c) détection d'un second signal de feu à l'instant t2 et(d) excitation d'un second équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (18) et projection d'eau (3) ou d'agent extincteur à base d'eau via la tuyauterie commune (9) et la dite au moins une buse (10) en vue de l'extinction ;la diffusion de l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) et la projection de l'eau (3) ou de l'agent extincteur à base d'eau s'opérant via un dispositif de séparation (8), et l'étape (b) du procédé étant en outre précédée d'une excitation du dispositif de séparation (8) par la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12) en vue de générer une position de commutation ouvrant la voie au transport de l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) en direction de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de ladite au moins une buse (10) et bloquant complètement la voie au transport de l'eau (3) ou de l'agent extincteur à base d'eau du second équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (18) en direction de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de ladite au moins une buse (10), et l'étape (d) du procédé étant précédée d'une excitation du dispositif de séparation (8) par la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12) en vue de générer une position de commutation du dispositif de séparation (8) ouvrant la voie au transport de l'eau ou de l'agent extincteur à base d'eau (3) en direction de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de ladite au moins une buse (10) et bloquant complètement la voie au transport de l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) du premier équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (17) en direction de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de ladite au moins une buse (10).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape (b) du procédé de la revendication 1 est suivi d'un rinçage de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de ladite au moins une buse (10) à l'aide d'un gaz, de préférence de l'azote.
- Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agent extincteur synthétique (14) sortant de la buse (10) est conformé en jet d'agent extincteur ciblé ayant la géométrie d'un cône, de telle manière que l'agent extincteur synthétique reste en majeure partie liquide au centre du cône, jusqu'à l'atteinte de la zone d'action.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'après vidage complet du réservoir d'agent extincteur (1), l'instant t2 est postérieur au temps de vidage tc, mais compris dans un intervalle de temps de surveillance tb, l'intervalle de temps de surveillance tb débutant à l'instant t1 et étant égal à la somme du temps de vidage tc et d'un temps de contrôle tk, le temps de contrôle tk faisant immédiatement suite au temps de vidage tc, et comprenant en outre l'étape suivante :• durant le temps tk, contrôle, notamment par la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12), s'il y a détection d'un signal de feu et si l'instant t2 remplit l'inéquation (t1+tc) < t2 < (t1+tb).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) est un liquide non électriquement conducteur, non inflammable et non combustible à pression de vapeur à 21 °C de 0,1 à 3 bar et/ou présentant à une température de 21 °C une masse volumique de 1 400 kg/m3 à 1 800 kg/m3.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) est un FK-5-1-12 (C4F9OCH3) ou un fluorocétone.
- Installation d'extinction d'objets ou d'équipements, comprenant :• un premier équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (17) comportant un agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) dans un réservoir d'agent extincteur (1), sur lequel est disposée une vanne (16),• un second équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (18) comportant de l'eau (3) ou un agent extincteur à base d'eau dans un réservoir (2) et/ou un équipement d'alimentation en eau (15) ainsi qu'un équipement de pompage (7) engendrant le débit et la pression de l'eau ou de l'agent extincteur à base d'eau,• un dispositif de séparation (8) ainsi qu'une tuyauterie commune (9) et au moins une buse (10), ces composants étant configurés de manière à mettre à disposition d'abord l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide puis, en cas de besoin, l'eau ou l'agent extincteur à base d'eau,• au moins un détecteur d'événement (11) relié par conducteur de signaux à une centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou à d'extinction (12) en vue de la détection d'un signal de feu,la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12) étant réglée pour qu'à la détection d'un premier signal de feu, elle pilote et ouvre la vanne (16) à l'instant t1 pour la diffusion de l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) provenant du réservoir d'agent extincteur (1), via la tuyauterie (9) et ladite au moins une buse (10), et qu'à la détection d'un second signal de feu, elle pilote en outre à l'instant t2 l'équipement de pompage (7) projetant l'eau (3) ou l'agent extincteur à base d'eau via la tuyauterie commune (9) et ladite au moins une buse (10) en vue de l'extinction.
- Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la centrale d'alarme incendie ou d'extinction (12) est configurée et réglée de telle manière qu'à la détection d'un second signal de feu avant excitation de l'équipement de pompage (7), le dispositif de séparation (8) est excité pour générer une position de commutation ouvrant la voie au transport de l'eau (3) ou de l'agent extincteur à base d'eau en direction de la tuyauterie commune (9) et de la buse (10) et bloquant en même temps la voie au transport de l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) du premier équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (17) en direction de la tuyauterie (9) et de la buse (10).
- Installation selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisée en ce qu'en aval des équipements d'alimentation en agent extincteur (17, 18) sont disposés des clapets anti-retour (6).
- Installation selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une buse (10) est une buse à cône plein et/ou une buse à cône creux et/ou une buse en éventail.
- Installation selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une buse (10) présente en son centre un perçage à embouchure en épanouissement.
- Installation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une buse (10) est configurée de telle manière que l'agent extincteur synthétique liquide (14) sortant de la buse (10) est conformé en jet d'agent extincteur ciblé ayant la géométrie d'un cône, de telle manière que l'agent extincteur synthétique reste en majeure partie liquide au centre du cône.
- Installation selon l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la centrale d'alarme incendie et/ou d'extinction (12) est réglée de telle manière qu'à la détection du second signal de feu à l'instant t2, elle n'excite le second équipement d'alimentation en agent extincteur (18) qu'une fois qu'elle a contrôlé que l'instant t2 remplit bien l'inéquation (t1+tc) < t2 < (t1+tb), tc étant le temps de vidage complet du réservoir d'agent extincteur (1), tk le temps de contrôle à l'issue du temps de vidage tc et tb l'intervalle de temps de surveillance, l'intervalle de temps de surveillance tb débutant à l'instant t1 et étant égal à la somme du temps de vidage tc et du temps de contrôle tk.
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PL14151689.8T PL2896432T3 (pl) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Sposób i instalacja do gaszenia z ciekłym syntetycznym środkiem gaśniczym |
ES14151689.8T ES2588103T3 (es) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Procedimiento e instalación para la extinción con un agente extintor sintético líquido y agua |
EP14151689.8A EP2896432B1 (fr) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Procédé et installation d'extinction à l'aide d'un fluide d'extinction synthétique liquide |
MYPI2016001315A MY178968A (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-09 | Method and assembly for extinguishing with a liquid synthetic fire extinguishing agent |
US15/111,948 US10363445B2 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-09 | Extinguishing method and system using a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and water |
CN201580011093.0A CN106061560B (zh) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-09 | 利用液态合成灭火剂和水进行灭火的方法和设备 |
PCT/EP2015/050328 WO2015107007A1 (fr) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-09 | Procédé et dispositif d'extinction au moyen d'un agent d'extinction synthétique liquide et d'eau |
US15/111,979 US10363446B2 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-12 | Control station and method for actuating two extinguishing agent supply devices |
PCT/EP2015/050386 WO2015107013A1 (fr) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-12 | Poste de commande et procédé pour actionner deux dispositifs d'alimentation en agents extincteurs |
ES15700139.7T ES2684329T3 (es) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-12 | Central de control y procedimiento para la activación de dos dispositivos suministradores de agente extintor |
EP15700139.7A EP3094385B1 (fr) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-12 | Poste de commande et procédé pour actionner deux dispositifs d'alimentation en agents extincteurs |
CN201580011112.XA CN106061561B (zh) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-01-12 | 用于操控两个灭火剂供应装置的控制中心和方法 |
US15/849,768 US10398915B2 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2017-12-21 | Extinguishing method and system using a liquid synthetic extinguishing agent and water |
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EP14151689.8A EP2896432B1 (fr) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Procédé et installation d'extinction à l'aide d'un fluide d'extinction synthétique liquide |
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-
2014
- 2014-01-17 EP EP14151689.8A patent/EP2896432B1/fr active Active
- 2014-01-17 PL PL14151689.8T patent/PL2896432T3/pl unknown
- 2014-01-17 ES ES14151689.8T patent/ES2588103T3/es active Active
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2015
- 2015-01-09 US US15/111,948 patent/US10363445B2/en active Active
- 2015-01-09 WO PCT/EP2015/050328 patent/WO2015107007A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-01-09 CN CN201580011093.0A patent/CN106061560B/zh active Active
- 2015-01-09 MY MYPI2016001315A patent/MY178968A/en unknown
- 2015-01-12 US US15/111,979 patent/US10363446B2/en active Active
- 2015-01-12 ES ES15700139.7T patent/ES2684329T3/es active Active
- 2015-01-12 EP EP15700139.7A patent/EP3094385B1/fr active Active
- 2015-01-12 WO PCT/EP2015/050386 patent/WO2015107013A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-01-12 CN CN201580011112.XA patent/CN106061561B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2896432A1 (fr) | 2015-07-22 |
CN106061560A (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
US20180111014A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
CN106061561B (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
CN106061561A (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
ES2588103T3 (es) | 2016-10-28 |
US20160332012A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US10398915B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
MY178968A (en) | 2020-10-26 |
US10363446B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
ES2684329T3 (es) | 2018-10-02 |
US20160346580A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
WO2015107007A1 (fr) | 2015-07-23 |
EP3094385B1 (fr) | 2018-05-16 |
WO2015107013A1 (fr) | 2015-07-23 |
CN106061560B (zh) | 2019-12-24 |
PL2896432T3 (pl) | 2016-11-30 |
US10363445B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
EP3094385A1 (fr) | 2016-11-23 |
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