EP2823493B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines litzeninnenleiters für koaxialkabel, sowie koaxialkabel - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines litzeninnenleiters für koaxialkabel, sowie koaxialkabel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2823493B1
EP2823493B1 EP13707149.4A EP13707149A EP2823493B1 EP 2823493 B1 EP2823493 B1 EP 2823493B1 EP 13707149 A EP13707149 A EP 13707149A EP 2823493 B1 EP2823493 B1 EP 2823493B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner conductor
conductor
rotary
litz
coaxial cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13707149.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2823493A1 (de
Inventor
Nikolaus Fichtner
Franz Manser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huber and Suhner AG
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Huber and Suhner AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2823493A1 publication Critical patent/EP2823493A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2823493B1 publication Critical patent/EP2823493B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing co-axial cables
    • H01B13/0162—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing co-axial cables of the central conductor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/027—Postforming of ropes or strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1808—Construction of the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1895—Particular features or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for reducing the size of conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect
    • H01B7/303—Conductors comprising interwire insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49123—Co-axial cable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
    • Y10T29/532—Conductor

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of inner conductor for a coaxial cable, respectively, the coaxial cable for the transmission of high-frequency signals.
  • Coaxial cables for transmitting high frequency signals are known in the art. These cables have an inner conductor which is surrounded by a dielectric and an outer conductor.
  • Rotary kneading machines have been known from the prior art since the beginning of the last century, by means of which ductile materials can be formed continuously or discontinuously.
  • these rotary swaging machines have a forming tool consisting of two or four jaws arranged in pairs opposite one another.
  • the jaws of the forming tool are deflected, for example, by rollers rotating in the outside in the radial direction inwards. At the same time they move in the circumferential direction.
  • the forming tool has a central, usually continuous working opening, which has a tapered cross section in the longitudinal direction. Workpieces to be machined can be introduced into the working opening of the forming tool and removed again by the same or, in the case of a continuous process, an opposite second opening.
  • Rotary swaging is used, for example, in the manufacture of wire ropes or forgings in the automotive industry. From the patent literature There are several fields of application for rotary kneading machines. Some selected examples are briefly described below.
  • the US Patent issued on 13.02.2007 US7174633B2 Yazaki Corporation also describes a method of connecting an electrical cable to a cable end.
  • an electrically conductive adhesive for example a paste of epoxy and nickel powder
  • a tubular end of a cable end piece is introduced into a tubular end of a cable end piece.
  • the previously stripped stranded conductor of the cable end is inserted into the bore.
  • the tubular cable end piece is then radially compressed and brought into close contact with the stranded conductor.
  • the nickel powder in the paste is intended as a conductive filler destroy possible oxide layers on the metal parts and increase the conductivity.
  • the Japanese publication JP7226118A2 Yazaki Corporation describes the use of a rotary swaging process to prevent uncontrolled deformation of a wire rope in a subsequent rolling process.
  • the use of a multilayer stranded wire rope is provided.
  • the rolling process serves to reduce the diameter, or to extend the wire rope.
  • the Japanese publication JP7249329A2 Yazaki Corporation describes the production of a compacted concentric multi-layer wire rope and an apparatus for its manufacture.
  • the rope is first stranded from several wires. Before winding, the rope is radially compacted and reshaped with a rotary swaging tool.
  • the Japanese patent JP3257388B2 The Yazaki Corporation describes the geometry of several different forming tools for compacting multi-layer, stranded wire strands using rotary swaging. Since relative rotations between the wire rope and the rotary swaging tool can lead to damage of the wire rope, at least at high densities, the kneading jaws in the closed state do not form a circular cross-section, but have a cross-section flattened on the back edges.
  • German patent application DE19835901A1 by River Seiko KK and Asahi Optical Co. Ltd. describes an endoscopic wire loop of corrosion resistant wire that can be used, for example, using high frequency electrical current for the surgical removal of polyps.
  • Such loops are typically made from stranded wires according to DE'901.
  • a common feature of corresponding loops is a strong U-shaped curve at its distal end, which is intended to allow a better withdrawal of the loop into the sleeve-shaped endoscopic guide instrument.
  • the very small radius of curvature in the U-shaped part in practice leads to a loosening and irregular deformation of the wires of the strand, resulting in a disorderly spreading of the wires.
  • the method used in DE '901 is based on a swaging operation in which a stranded wire is passed through a die whose bore has a (8-10.5%) smaller diameter than the strand. This leads to a radial compression of the strand. This leads to a deformation of the wires of the strand and disappearance of the gaps between the wires.
  • the wires on the surface thereby receive a trapezoidal cross-section and the entire stranded wire a very smooth surface.
  • the resulting stranded wire should maintain this smooth surface even with strong curvature, or he will not in his. Spliced wires.
  • the wire according to the invention is certified as having a "quality appearance of higher quality", according to which a wire loop instrument made therefrom has a high commercial value.
  • An object of the invention is to show a method for producing an improved inner strand conductor, respectively an improved coaxial cable for the transmission of high-frequency signals.
  • the architecture of the inner conductor has two disadvantages compared to cables with inner conductors made of a single solid wire.
  • the return loss (henceforth RL) has minima at certain frequencies and, on the other hand, an increased insertion loss (henceforth IL).
  • RL frequency-dependent return loss
  • the return loss refers to a logarithmic measure of the ratio of injected signal energy to reflected signal energy at a fixed signal frequency.
  • the return loss is usually given in dB (for decibels). Since the reflected signal energy is always smaller than the injected signal energy, the return loss is always a positive quantity.
  • coaxial cables must be designed so that the return loss is maximized and thus the maximum signal energy is transmitted. Typical values of the return loss are in the range of 20 dB to 30 dB, which corresponds to a reflected signal energy of 1% or 0.1% of the signal energy supplied.
  • RL tips can be reduced by varying the litz impact length along the strand.
  • the length of the litz wire or short lay length is the length which a wire of the strand covers in one revolution along the strand. Due to design and manufacturing, the variation of the length of the litz wire can only be carried out between an upper and a lower limit, ie between a minimum and a maximum lay length. In general, the variation of the strand strike length between these extremes is not sufficient to eliminate all RL tips.
  • a costly approach is to insulate isolated (painted) wires.
  • One approach is to coat the strands, for example with silver or another material (precious metal), which improves the conductivity.
  • the problems described above can be reduced and the transmission properties of a coaxial cable produced according to the method according to the invention can be improved.
  • the electrical and at the same time mechanical properties of cables can be improved.
  • the surface of the wires is coated prior to stranding and / or prior to swaging. Good results can be achieved with coatings of silver, gold or tin.
  • An embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a stranded inner conductor for a coaxial cable, or a coaxial cable has the following method steps: provision of a strand inner conductor which consists of several stranded wires; Rotary kneading of the strand inner conductor by means of a rotary swaging device, so that the cross-sections of the wires align with each other; Wrapping the strand inner conductor with a dielectric; Enveloping the dielectric with an outer conductor.
  • the wires are kneaded so far round until they rest against each other gapless. When stranding, a constant or a variable lay length can be used.
  • the outer conductor is constructed in one or more layers. It can for example be made of a mesh (mesh outer conductor) and / or formed as a foil outer conductor and / or Rohraussenleiter and / or band outer conductor.
  • the dielectric can be constructed in one or more layers and be by means of a device for applying the dielectric connected downstream of the rotary swaging device. Furthermore, a device for applying an external conductor to the dielectric may be connected downstream. If necessary, the surface of the wires can be coated before swaging. For example, the surface of the wires can be silver plated. If necessary, the outer conductor can be round-kneaded in several stages by means of several rotary kneaders connected in series.
  • a device for producing a strand inner conductor according to the invention, or coaxial cable generally has one or more rotary kneading devices arranged successively from the process flow. Furthermore, the apparatus has a feed device for feeding one or more stranded strand inner conductor to the rotary swaging device. Furthermore, the device has a Weg211 Surprise, which serves to carry away the round kneaded Litzeninnenleiters.
  • the feed device can be one or (in particular with several strokes) a plurality of stranding machines connected in series.
  • the feeder may also be act a supply roll, on which the Litzeninnenleiter or individual blows wound up.
  • the routing device can be a machine for applying a dielectric to the round-knit strand inner conductor.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and greatly simplified a known from the prior art conventional coaxial cable 100 with a stranded stranded internal conductor.
  • This has seen in the longitudinal direction (x-direction) periodically arranged defects 101 in the outer conductor (shown schematically as semicircles), which have a frequency-dependent negative impact on the transmission and system behavior of the coaxial cable.
  • the defects 101 are arranged at a distance ⁇ / 2, or in a multiple thereof (factor n).
  • the defects 101 cause a portion 102 of the injected input signal 103 to be reflected at each defect 101. Due to the periodicity of the defects 101, the backscattered signal components at the input of the coaxial cable are in the same phase position and thus superimposed constructively. This leads to an increase of the reflected signal component at a frequency or in a narrow frequency band.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a first diagram schematically the frequency-dependent return loss behavior of a conventional coaxial cable with inner strand conductor according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the abscissa shows the frequency (f) and the ordinate (y-axis) the return loss in dB.
  • the permissible limits for the return loss are shown in the form of a horizontal line 105.
  • the course of the return loss can be seen in the form of a strongly deflecting first curve 106. It can be seen that the return loss has pronounced minimums at two narrow-band points 107 and 108 and the permissible limit values 105 are exceeded. These minima are called RL peaks.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a second diagram, the return loss (ordinate) of a coaxial cable according to the invention with Litzeninnenleiter according FIG. 4 as a function of the frequency (abscissa) in the form of a second curve 109.
  • the permissible limit values for the return loss are again shown by means of a horizontal line 110.
  • the cable according to the invention does not have the cross-limit RL tips of the cable known from the prior art according to the diagram in FIG. 2 on.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a perspective view obliquely from the front and top a stranded strand inner conductor in the unprocessed state 1 and the same inner strand conductor in the processed state.
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 4 in a side view.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view through the strand inner conductor 1 along the section line EE according to FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 shows a sectional view through the strand inner conductor 2 along the section line FF according to FIG. 5
  • FIG. 8 shows in a sectional view schematically a structure of a coaxial cable 9 with an inventive Litzeninnenleiter second
  • the inner strand conductor 1 is shaped into the processed inner strand conductor 2 by means of a rotary swaging device 10.
  • FIG. 6a is a photograph of a cross section (micrograph) of a conventional stranded strand inner conductor 1 shown.
  • FIG. 6b shows the same cross-section shown in the diagram.
  • Figure 7a is a photograph of a cross-section (micrograph) of a circular kneaded according to the invention Litzeninnenleiters 2 shown.
  • FIG. 7b shows the same cross-section shown in the diagram.
  • wires 3 before swaging are arranged relatively loosely and with a large distance from each other and not necessarily abut each other.
  • the inner strand conductor 1 has an irregular and furrowed outer surface 8.
  • the wires 3 are arranged close together and without gaps. They have seen in cross section a polygonal structure with usually four to six straight or slightly curved side walls 25, which pass over kinks 26 into each other.
  • the rotary swaging device 10 comprises in the embodiment shown a tool 11, which has four jaws 12 in the embodiment shown.
  • the jaws 12 form in the center through a machining opening 13.
  • the jaws 12 are driven in a deflected manner via outer tappets 14 in the radial direction of an axis of rotation 15 (compare arrow 22), while a working shaft 16 in which the jaws 12 and the outer tappets 14 are mounted in pockets 17 rotates about the axis of rotation 15 (cf. Arrow 23).
  • the outer tappets 14 have ramp-shaped elevations 18 which cooperate with rollers 21 arranged in an outer ring 19 and mounted in a cage 20.
  • the outer ring 19 supports the rollers in the radial direction.
  • the ramps 18 are moved over the mitfiteroid rollers 21 and thereby deflected inwards. This movement is transmitted to the jaws 12 of the tool 11.
  • Other drives are possible.
  • the stranded stranded conductor 1 is moved in the direction of the arrow 24 through the machining opening 13 of the tool 11.
  • the wires 3 are compressed and deformed in cross section as shown in the following figures.
  • the cross section of the stranded strand inner conductor is thereby reduced from a first diameter D1 to a second diameter D2.
  • the diameters D2 to D1 are typically in a ratio of 0.5-0.9 to each other. Below about 0.77, all the intermediate regions between the wires 3 are filled in and a stretching of the wires in the longitudinal direction can be achieved, which leads to an extension of the inner conductor 2.
  • the wires are 3 after the swirling close to each other and have a virtually seamless cross-section.
  • the cross sections of the wires 3 are no longer round but polygonal.
  • the stranded conductor has a circular outer surface 8, which has a high constancy over the length of the stranded conductor.
  • the inner surfaces 7 are partially meshed closely together. They are designed such that the wires 3 are still displaceable relative to each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • inventive coaxial cable 9 has a stranded and Rundgekneteten Litzeninnenleiter 2, which is surrounded by a dielectric 4.
  • the dielectric 4 is in turn surrounded by an outer conductor 5 arranged concentrically with respect to the outer surface 8.
  • the outer conductor 5 is here surrounded by a protective outer jacket 6.
  • Other outer conductor 5 are possible.
  • the inner conductor Litzen 2 and the dielectric 4 also from a solid outer conductor, respectively.
  • Enclosed housing (not shown in detail). Good results are achieved with stranded conductors with a diameter of 0.1 to 3 millimeters. These have (depending on the field of application) usually 7, 19 or 37 individual wires.
  • the diameter of the individual wires is in the range of 0.02 to 0.6 millimeters before the rotary swaging.
  • the inventive Litzeninnenleiter offer for very high transmission frequencies of up to 110 GHZ.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
EP13707149.4A 2012-03-05 2013-02-26 Verfahren zur herstellung eines litzeninnenleiters für koaxialkabel, sowie koaxialkabel Active EP2823493B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00283/12A CH706228A2 (de) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Koaxialkabels, sowie Koaxialkabel.
PCT/EP2013/053809 WO2013131779A1 (de) 2012-03-05 2013-02-26 Verfahren zur herstellung eines litzeninnenleiters für koaxialkabel, sowie koaxialkabel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2823493A1 EP2823493A1 (de) 2015-01-14
EP2823493B1 true EP2823493B1 (de) 2016-08-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13707149.4A Active EP2823493B1 (de) 2012-03-05 2013-02-26 Verfahren zur herstellung eines litzeninnenleiters für koaxialkabel, sowie koaxialkabel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10056172B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2823493B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6195385B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN104205251B (zh)
CH (1) CH706228A2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2601654T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2013131779A1 (zh)

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JP6376093B2 (ja) * 2015-09-24 2018-08-22 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 電線
CN105904117A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2016-08-31 梁裕 一种锻打绞股焊丝
CN106001352B (zh) * 2016-07-04 2017-11-24 梁裕 一种绞股焊丝锤锻机
JP6504134B2 (ja) * 2016-08-26 2019-04-24 マツダ株式会社 金属部材の接合装置及び接合方法
CN108315935A (zh) * 2018-02-01 2018-07-24 刘其军 一种无毛麻条的除毛工艺
CN108551126B (zh) * 2018-05-29 2023-11-10 广东珍世好智能设备有限公司 一种全自动线材扭编织机
CN110565521A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-13 河源迪奇亚工业技术有限公司 一种复合护层拉索索体及其制造方法
CN111508661B (zh) * 2019-12-30 2021-10-08 南京理工大学 一种制备异构铜导线的装置及方法
CN112962338A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-15 宿迁市邦德金属制品有限公司 一种拉索生产用的双面锤击装置
CN112981995A (zh) * 2021-02-06 2021-06-18 郭文英 一种钢丝绳生产用的并条机

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2601654T3 (es) 2017-02-15
CN104205251B (zh) 2018-01-02
CH706228A2 (de) 2013-09-13
JP6195385B2 (ja) 2017-09-13
US20150096781A1 (en) 2015-04-09
CN104205251A (zh) 2014-12-10
EP2823493A1 (de) 2015-01-14
WO2013131779A1 (de) 2013-09-12
JP2015516644A (ja) 2015-06-11
US10056172B2 (en) 2018-08-21

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