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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
  • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
  • C07D239/47—One nitrogen atom and one oxygen or sulfur atom, e.g. cytosine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
  • C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
  • C07C309/28—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
  • C07C309/29—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C381/00—Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C301/00 - C07C337/00
  • C07C381/10—Compounds containing sulfur atoms doubly-bound to nitrogen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C07C69/76—Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of pan-CDK inhibitors of the formula (I), as well as intermediates of the preparation.
• the new process relates to compounds of the formula (I), in particular the compound
• R 4 represents a Ci-C ß alkyl group or a C3-C7-cycloalkyl
• This preparation method is particularly suitable for the compound
• Ci-C ß alkyl group is to be understood in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical, such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec. Butyl, tert. Butyl, pentyl, isopentyl or a hexyl radical.
• a C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl ring is to be understood as meaning a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl ring.
• the method according to WO2010 / 046035 Al is a 10-stage convergent process with an overall yield for the longest sequence of about 7%.
• the process according to WO2010 / 046035 A1 comprises at least one of the following steps: a) oxidation of a nitrophenyl sulfide of the formula (1-1) to the nitrophenyl sulfoxide of the formula (1-2).
• R 1 is a methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl group
• R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl
• R 4 is a Ci-C ß alkyl group or a C3-C7-cycloalkyl ring.
• WO2010 / 046035 A1 discloses the following conditions for the individual synthesis steps:
• the starting material (1-1) was prepared from cyclopropyl sulfide, which is not commercially available in large quantities.
• stereoisomers must be separated chromatographically at the end of the synthesis. Since the separation occurs only at the end of the synthesis, the overall yield for the synthesis sequence is drastically reduced.
• o-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine MSH
• the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a process for the pan-CDK inhibitors of the general formula (I), in particular for compound A, which does not have the above-mentioned properties. Disadvantages.
• the erfmdungswashe manufacturing process is characterized by various advantageous manufacturing steps and intermediates.
• An object of the invention relates to the alkylation step of 4-nitrophenol.
• the starting material (II) was prepared from cyclopropyl sulfide.
• the latter is not commercially available in large quantities. Therefore, an alkylation of commercially available 4-nitrothiophenol with alkylating agents (XR 4 ) was switched in the presence of an auxiliary base, where X is Br, Cl, I, O-S0 2 -CH 3 or O-S0 2 - (4-methylphenyl) stands.
• Suitable bases are sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, is preferred
• Suitable solvents are ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide.
• the aim was a direct amination of sulfides to the preparatively useful trifluoroacetate-protected sulfilimines using simple starting materials such as 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (CF 3 CONH 2 ).
• Carreira et al. (Org. Lett. 1999, 1, 149-151) describes the Cu-catalyzed direct amination to trifluoroacetate-protected sulfilimines using a lithiated TFA-hydroxylamine, however, which must be prepared beforehand in two stages and is not commercially available. Enantioselectively, this reaction succeeds with stoichiometric amounts of a nitrido-Mn complex (He / v. Chim. Acta., 2002, 3773-3783).
• Solvents methanol, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran-water, acetonitrile, acetonitrile-water, tetrahydrofuran (THF), propionitrile, Methylfertbutylether, 1,4-dioxane, chlorobenzene suitable.
• Preferred oxidizing agent is 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
• solvent-base combinations are the combinations acetonitrile-cesium carbonate, 1, 4-dioxane-sodium hydride, dichloromethane-Kalim rtbutylat, acetonitrile-nartrium hydride,
• the desired reaction proceeds completely even at 20 ° C in a few hours without the addition of a catalyst.
• the trifluoroacetate group can be easily hydrolyzed (eg potassium carbonate in methanol) and is therefore of high preparative value. Not only nitrophenyl sulfides of the formula (II) can be oxidatively aminated according to step Ib). Other trifluoroacetate-protected sulfilimines can be prepared in this way.
• Table 1 shows further sulfilimines obtainable by this process step.
• the oxidation of the trifluoroacetate-protected nitrophenyl-sulfilimine (1-10) to the nitrophenyl-sulfoximine (I-II) is preferably carried out with potassium peroxomonosulfate (Oxone®) as the oxidizing agent.
• the reaction is particularly preferably driven in a methanol-water mixture and
• Tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane) was added as a solubilizer.
• the potassium peroxomonosulfate (Oxone®) is added in portions and the pH is adjusted to pH 10 after each dosing step.
• Another object of the present invention relates to the racemate resolution of nitrophenylsulfoximines of the formula (I-II).
• the racemate resolution is based on the following step:
• Fig.4 Surprisingly, it has been found, for example, for the nitrophenyl-sulfoximine of the formula (I-II-A) that a ratio of the enantiomers of 95: 5 in the crystals is obtained using (+) - di-O-p-toluoyl-D-tartaric acid.
• the solvent used can be acetonitrile, propionitrile or toluene.
• the integration of the crystallization process in the preparation process can be carried out by the trifluoroacetate protecting group in (1-3) is cleaved off with potassium carbonate in methanol and the crude nitrophenyl-sulfoximine (1-11) with the (+) - di-O-p-toluoyl D-tartaric acid to (I-ll-RD-Tol-Tart.) Is reacted.
• the toluoyl-D-tartaric acid is removed from the salt by basic extraction, and the optically active nitrophenyl-sulfoximine of the formula (I-II-R) can be protected in one pot with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of triethylamine to (I-3-R).
• Another object of the invention relates to the hydrogenation of trifluoroacetate-protected nitrophenyl-sulfoximines (I-3-R) to trifluoroacetate-protected anilino-sulfoximines of the formula (I-4-R) in the presence of an iron-doped palladium catalyst.
• the reduction of the nitro group in the compound (I-3-R) to the corresponding aniline (I-4-R) succeeds efficiently by hydrogenation with immobilized palladium catalysts.
• the solvent methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran or acetic acid can be used. Preference is given to methanol.
• Another object of the present invention relates to the preparation of (4R, 5R) -4,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-l, 3-dioxolane (I-12-A) and (2R, 3R) -3- (benzyloxy) Butan-2-ol (I-5-A) for the "southern half" of compounds of formula (I).
• An object of the invention is the clarification of the experimental conditions for a complete implementation, as well as a simple isolation and purification, which are suitable for a technical scale.
• the intermediate (4R, 5R) -4,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane (I-12-A) is suitably prepared by reaction of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and an excess of (2R, 3R) -butane 2,3-diol obtained in the presence of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate in toluene as solvent.
• the reaction was complete at 50 ° C within 3 h, with methanol should be distilled off continuously at reduced pressure.
• the excess of diol was removed by extraction.
• the remaining toluene phase can be used directly in the next step.
• nucleophilic monosubstitution of a chlorine atom in commercially available 2,4-dichloro-5-trifluorometh lpyrimidine proceeds preferably in the 2-position
• bases may e.g. Lithium hexamethyldisilazide, n-butyllithium,
• Lithium diisopropylamide or lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine can be used. Preference is given to lithium hexamethyldisilazide. The temperature range is -78 ° C to + 20 ° C.
• the two building blocks (I-7-A) and (I-4-R) are coupled to (I-8-R).
• This reaction is acid-mediated.
• Suitable acids are, for example, hydrogen chloride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid. Benzenesulfonic acid is preferred.
• the free bases (I-8-R) are usually oils, which means a purification as well as storage
• the hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure succeeds with palladium / carbon and hydrogen in methanol within a few hours to the intermediate of the formula (I-9-R-BSA).
• the intermediate of the formula (I-9-R-BSA) can be reacted directly to the final stage.
• the cleavage of the group can be completed with potassium carbonate and the crystallization of the final stage succeeds from ethyl acetate / n-heptane.
• R 4 is in each case a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group or a C 3 -C 7 -cycloalkyl ring.
• the desired reaction proceeds in a temperature window of 0-50 ° C, with 20 ° C is preferred.
• oxidizing agent were l, 3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, N-chlorosuccinimide and
• Trichlorocyanuric acid in the presence of the bases potassium rtbutylat, Natriumfertbutylat, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
• Sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium hydride in the solvents methanol, dichloromethane, tetrahydroftirane-water, acetonitrile, acetonitrile-water, tetrahydrofuran,
• the oxidation of the trifluoroacetate-protected nitrophenyl-sulfilimine ((I-10-A)) to 1- (cyclopropylsulfonimidoyl) -4-nitrobenzene (II-A) is preferably carried out with potassium peroxomonosulfate (Oxone®) as the oxidizing agent.
• Fig. 15 The reaction was run in a methanol-water mixture and tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane) was added as a solubilizer.
• tetramethylene sulfone sulfolane
• the potassium peroxomonosulfate (Oxone®) is added in portions and the pH is adjusted to pH 10 after each dosing step.
• the integration of the crystallization process in the preparation process can be carried out by the trifluoroacetate protecting group in (I-3-A) is cleaved with potassium carbonate in methanol and the crude nitrophenyl-sulfoximine (I-II-A) with (+) - Di-0 -p-toluoyl-D-tartaric acid in acetonitrile to (I-II-A-D-Tart.) Is reacted.
• the optically active nitrophenyl-sulfoximine is liberated by basic extraction and then protected in a one-pot process with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of triethyl (I-3-AR).
• the two building blocks (I-7-A) and (I-4-A-R) are coupled to (I-8-A-R).
• This reaction is acid-mediated.
• the free base (I-8-A-R) is an oil.
• the crystallization can be completed with n-heptane and the desired N - [(4- ⁇ [4- ⁇ [(2R, 3R) -3 - (benzyloxy) butan-2-yl] oxy ⁇ -5- (trifluoromethyl ) pyrimidin-2-yl] amino ⁇ phenyl) (cyclopropyl) oxido-lambda 6 -sulfanylidene] -2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide Benzenesulfonic acid salt in good yields.
• the salt (I-8.AR-BSA) is crystalline and storable and it is isolated with a typical purity of about 90F1%.
• the intermediate I-9-AR-BSA was not isolated, but reacted directly to the final stage.
• the cleavage of the trifluoroacetate group was completed with potassium carbonate in methanol and the crystallization of the final stage succeeded from a mixture of ethyl acetate / heptane.
• the raw material can be further purified. To this was dissolved 90 g of the crude material in 700 mL of n-heptane, heated to 65 ° C, distilled from about 400 mL of n-heptane and added with seed crystals during cooling to 20 ° C. It was stirred at 0-5 ° C for one hour, filtered off and the residue washed with 100 mL of cold n-heptane. After drying, 81 g of the title compound (I-1-A) were obtained with a purity of 100% by volume.
• HPLC method A Retention time for (I-10-A): 14.8 min.
• Tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane) and 590 mL of water were 341.2 g (555.1 mmol).
• Potassium peroxomonosulfate (Oxone®) distributed over eight portions at 25 ° C was added. After each addition, the pH was adjusted to pH 10 with a 47% aqueous potassium carbonate solution. In total, about 350 mL potassium carbonate solution was consumed. The conversion was complete after one hour at 25 ° C.
• Trifluoroacetic anhydride within 40 min at 20-25 ° C added. The mixture was stirred for 10 min and then metered to 1, 1 L of a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. After separation of the phases was washed with 1.0 L of water, dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was distilled off in vacuo. The residue was taken up in 120 ml / propanol and the resulting suspension was stirred for 1 hour at 0-5 ° C. It was filtered and the residue was washed twice with 30 ml of cold isopropanol. It was dried at 40 ° C in vacuo to give 27.3 g (75%) (1-3 A R).
• HPLC method A retention time for (1-3-A-R): 16.4 minutes (99.6%).
• HPLC method C Retention time for R-enantiomer (I-4-A-R): 13.7 min; Retention time for S-enantiomer: 12.2 min; Enantiomeric excess (ee): 100%.
• the preparation of the compound (I-12-A) can also be carried out according to the literature (Chemistry Letters (1995), 4, 263-4; Journal of Organic Chemistry (2003), 68 (9), 3413-3415, Tetrahedron (1989) , 45 (2), 507-16, Journal of Organic Chemistry (2005), 70 (20), 8009-8016, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2006), 16 (1), 186-190, Journal of Organic Chemistry ( 1999), 64 (20), 7594-7600).
• Lithiumhexamethyldilsilazid added. It was stirred for three hours at -30 ° C. It was warmed to 0 ° C and treated within 15 min with 1.0 L of water. 1.0 L of ethyl acetate was added, the phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase was concentrated in vacuo to a volume of about 1.5 L and washed with 1.0 L of water. It was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered off with suction through kieselguhr and evaporated in vacuo. 238.4 g of the crude product was obtained as a brown oil. A second approach in the same
• HPLC method A retention time (I-8-A-R-BSA) 22.3 min (94%); Retention time for the already partially deprotected trifluoroacetate cleavage product 19, 1 min (2.4%).
• HPLC method A retention time Compound A 14.24 min (100%).

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