EP2200739A2 - Sinterstabiler katalysator für die hydrierung und dehydrierungen und verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Sinterstabiler katalysator für die hydrierung und dehydrierungen und verfahren zu dessen herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2200739A2 EP2200739A2 EP08802454A EP08802454A EP2200739A2 EP 2200739 A2 EP2200739 A2 EP 2200739A2 EP 08802454 A EP08802454 A EP 08802454A EP 08802454 A EP08802454 A EP 08802454A EP 2200739 A2 EP2200739 A2 EP 2200739A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- palladium
- chain
- long
- sio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009901 transfer hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 zirconium alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 3
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XNKFCDGEFCOQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dinitronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C21 XNKFCDGEFCOQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFCFYVKQTRLZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl BFCFYVKQTRLZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJKGJBPXVHTNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 RJKGJBPXVHTNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910025794 LaB6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910007926 ZrCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].CC#N.CC#N RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UARGAUQGVANXCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].CCO.CCO.CCO.CCO UARGAUQGVANXCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IKGXNCHYONXJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C IKGXNCHYONXJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095070 tetrapropyl orthosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/30—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds
- C07C209/32—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups
- C07C209/36—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings in presence of hydrogen-containing gases and a catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0221—Coating of particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/056—Submicron particles having a size above 100 nm up to 300 nm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- C07C5/327—Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only
- C07C5/333—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/3335—Catalytic processes with metals
- C07C5/3337—Catalytic processes with metals of the platinum group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/08—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/44—Palladium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a novel thermostable palladium catalyst, a process for its preparation and its use in hydrogenations specifically, hydrogenations of nitro compounds.
- the sintering process could be slowed down in individual cases.
- thermostable catalysts which, due to their structure, prevent sintering.
- thermostable palladium catalysts which can completely prevent sintering by their specific structure.
- the activity of the catalyst should be maintained over as long a period as possible.
- the object is surprisingly achieved by the catalyst according to the invention described below, which is composed of nano-particulate palladium and a porous zirconium oxide shell.
- a similar construction principle is already known for gold catalysts (Arnal et al., Angew Chem, 2006, 18, 8404-8407), which find use in CO oxidation.
- gold catalysts Arnal et al., Angew Chem, 2006, 18, 8404-8407
- palladium-based catalysts based on this or a similar principle are currently unknown. This is probably due to the high tendency of the gold to form nanoparticles relative to other metals, which greatly simplifies the preparation of such catalysts.
- the invention relates to a catalyst for use in hydrogenations and dehydrogenations based on at least one palladium nanoparticle with a gas- and liquid-permeable shell containing zirconium oxide.
- the palladium nanoparticle has an average particle size distribution (d 50 ) preferably in the range of 0.1-100 nm and more preferably of 0.3-70 nm and most preferably in the range of 0.5-30 nm.
- the inner diameter of the shell containing zirconium oxide is preferably 10-1000 nm, more preferably 15-500 nm and most preferably 20-300 nm.
- the layer thickness of the shell containing zirconium oxide is usually in the range of 10 to 100 nm, preferably 15 to 80 nm, particularly preferably 15-40 nm.
- the catalyst according to the invention comprises a plurality of palladium nanoparticles with a gas- and liquid-permeable shell containing zirconium oxide.
- Another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising the steps:
- palladium nanoparticles are used, these being prepared by the reduction of a palladium-containing precursor in the liquid phase.
- palladium salts which are soluble in alcohols, for example PdCl 2 , H 2 PdCl 4 , Pd (NO 3 ) 2 , palladium (II) trifluoroacetate, bis (acetonitrile) palladium (II) chloride and palladium (II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate used as palladium-containing precursor.
- the reduction of the palladium-containing precursor can be carried out chemically and / or electrochemically.
- the ratio of palladium-containing precursor and reducing agent can be used to influence the particle size and particle size distribution.
- the reduction of the palladium-containing precursor is usually carried out at temperatures of 0-250 0 C, preferably at 10-200 0 C and particularly preferably at temperatures of 15-150 0 C.
- the reduction of the palladium-containing precursor can take place both without and with a surface-active stabilizer (also called stabilizers or surfactants).
- a surface-active stabilizer also called stabilizers or surfactants.
- the synthesis of the palladium nanoparticles preferably takes place using stabilizers that prevent agglomeration of the palladium nanoparticles and allow a controlled adjustment of the particle size and morphology of the nanoparticles.
- colloidal stabilizers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), alcohol-Polyethelenglycolethern (eg Marlipal®), polyacrylates, polyols, long-chain n-alkyl acids, long-chain n-alkyl esters, long-chain n-alkyl alcohols and ionic surfactants (eg AOT, CTAB) are used.
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- alcohol-Polyethelenglycolethern eg Marlipal®
- polyacrylates polyols
- polyols long-chain n-alkyl acids
- long-chain n-alkyl esters long-chain n-alkyl alcohols
- ionic surfactants eg AOT, CTAB
- the educts mentioned for the production of palladium nanoparticles can also be dissolved in the drop volume of liquid-liquid emulsions (eg miniemulsions or microemulsions) and then reacted by mixing both emulsion solutions.
- the obtained by one of the methods described palladium colloids preferably have a very narrow distribution of particle size, wherein the average of the
- Particle size distribution (d 50 ) preferably in the range of 0.1-100 nm and more preferably from 0.3-70 nm and most preferably in the range 0.5-30 nm.
- Solvent be redispersed. Preference is given to using a solvent which is suitable for the application of an SiO 2 layer, for example water, methanol, ethanol and further alcohols.
- step b) the palladium nanoparticles prepared in step a) are coated after separation by centrifugation, sedimentation, etc. with a silicate shell.
- the coating with SiC> 2 can be carried out by hydrolysis or precipitation of a hydrolyzable Si precursor.
- Preferred hydrolyzable Si precursors are tetramethyl orthosilicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetrapropyl orthosilicate or similar hydrolyzable Si compounds.
- the hydrolysis can preferably be carried out by a hydrolysis liquid comprising ammonia solution, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, 1,3-propanediol, glycerol etc. or by mixtures thereof.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out in particular at room temperature (20 ° C.) up to the boiling point of the hydrolysis liquid. Most preferably, the hydrolysis is carried out at room temperature.
- the diameter of the Pd-SiO 2 particles obtained in step b) is preferably 10-1000 nm and more preferably 15-500 nm and more preferably 20-300 nm.
- the Pd-SiO 2 particles are preferably by cycles of separation, cleaned by, for example, sedimentation, centrifugation or evaporation and washing with washing liquids.
- step c) the preferably spherical Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles produced in step b) are completely encapsulated with a gas-permeable and liquid-permeable shell containing zirconium oxide.
- the coating with ZrO 2 can be carried out by hydrolysis or precipitation of a hydrolyzable Zr precursor.
- Preferred hydrolyzable Zr precursors are zirconium alkoxides, such as zirconium methoxide, zirconium ethoxide, zirconium n-propoxide, Zirconium n-butoxide, or zirconium halides such as ZrCl 4 , ZrBr 4 , ZrI 4 or similar hydrolyzable Zr compounds.
- the hydrolysis may preferably be carried out by compounds having active hydrogen atoms such as water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, glycerin and so on.
- the hydrolysis is most preferably carried out in the presence of colloid stabilizers such as alcohol-polyethylene glycol ethers (eg Marlipal®), PVP, polyacrylates, polyols, long-chain n-alkyl acids, long-chain n-alkyl acid esters, long-chain n-alkyl alcohols.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out at temperatures of 0-200 0 C. Most preferably, temperatures of 10-100 0 C are used.
- the amount of hydrolyzable Zr precursor used makes it possible to adjust the thickness of the zirconium oxide layer.
- aging is preferably carried out over a period of one hour to five days.
- the particles are separated from the liquid by conventional technical methods - centrifugation, sedimentation, filtration, etc. - and dried in an oven and then calcined.
- the drying may be carried out separately from the calcination in two separate steps or by gradually increasing the temperature from room temperature to calcining temperature.
- the drying is preferably carried out in the temperature range of 100-250 0 C, while the calcination can preferably be carried out at temperatures of 250-900 0 C.
- step d) the removal of the SiO 2 jacket from the cup-shaped and substantially spherical Pd-SiO 2 -ZrO 2 produced in step c) takes place.
- the removal of the SiO 2 is preferably carried out by dissolving the SiO 2 with a basic solution.
- a basic solution all alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as. NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Mg (OH) 2 , Ca (OH) 2 , etc. are used.
- the solution may be aqueous or alcoholic (MeOH, EtOH, PrOH, i-PrOH, etc.).
- the dissolution of the SiO 2 -Keme is usually carried out at temperatures of 0-250 0 C and preferably at temperatures of 10-100 0 C.
- the action of the alkaline solution takes place until complete dissolution of the SiO 2 core. Usually, this requires an exposure time of the alkaline solution over a period of 2-24 hours. Preference is also a multiple implementation of step d) with fresh alkaline solution.
- the obtained Pd-ZrO 2 nanoparticles are usually separated off and dried.
- the separation is preferably carried out by centrifugation, filtration or
- the drying is preferably carried out in an air stream at temperatures of 100.degree. 250 0 C performed. Alternatively, the drying can also be carried out under protective gas or hydrogen.
- a further preferred embodiment of the method is that the initially present in powder form catalyst is processed into moldings. Moldings in the form of spheres, rings, stars (trilobes or tetralobes), tablets, cylinders or carriage wheels are preferably produced. Preferably, the dimensions are 0.2-10 mm, most preferably 0.5-7 mm.
- Processing is carried out by known methods such as pressing, spray-drying and extrusion, in particular in the presence of a binder.
- Another preferred alternative is the application of the catalyst according to the invention as a washcoat to structured catalysts
- the Pd-SiCV nanoparticles according to the invention are suitable for use as thermostable catalysts. Due to the ZrO 2 barrier sintering of the Pd nanoparticles is not possible, so that in comparison to conventional catalysts, the service life or the cycle time can be significantly increased under process conditions. Due to the increase in production time (elimination of the catalyst regeneration) or extension of the production cycles, the production costs of hydrogenation or dehydrogenation can be significantly reduced.
- the invention further relates to the use of the catalyst according to the invention in hydrogenations of nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene, alkenes such as ethylene, propylene, butene, butadiene, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, of nuclear hydrogenations such as benzene to cyclohexane, naphthalene to decalin, of nitrile compounds to amines, etc.
- the hydrogenations can be carried out at temperatures of 100-800 0 C and most preferably at temperatures of 150-700 0 C in the gas phase.
- Hydrogen is preferably used as hydrogenation reagent.
- the stability of the compounds or products to be hydrogenated and the vapor pressures of the reaction components or the pressure resistance of the reaction apparatus have a limiting effect here. Usually, hydrogenations are carried out at pressures of 1-200 bar.
- the invention further relates to the use of the catalyst according to the invention in transfer hydrogenations of nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene, dinitrotoluene, nitrotoluene, nitrochlorobenzenes, nitronaphthalene, dinitronaphthalene, etc.
- the hydrogenations can, depending on the process - liquid phase or gas phase - at temperatures of 100- 600 0 C. be performed.
- the invention further relates to the use of the catalyst according to the invention in dehydrogenations such as, for example, propane to propylene, ethane to ethylene, butane to butene and butadiene and ethylbenzene to styrene.
- Another object of the invention is a hydrogenation process for the reaction of nitrobenzene to aniline with hydrogen in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, characterized in that a catalyst according to the invention is used.
- the catalytic hydrogenations or dehydrogenations may preferably adiabatic or isothermal or approximately isothermal, batchwise, but preferably continuously as flow or
- 800 ° C preferably 150 to 700 0 C, more preferably 200 to 650 0 C and a pressure of 1 to
- Catalytic hydrogenations or dehydrogenations 250 bar (10,000 to 250,000 hPa), preferably 1 to 200 bar.
- Conventional reactors in which the catalytic hydrogenations or dehydrogenations are carried out are fixed bed or fluidized bed reactors.
- the catalytic hydrogenations or dehydrogenations can preferably also be carried out in multiple stages.
- FIG. 1 shows a TEM image (device: Tecnai 20 LaB 6 cathode, camera: Tietz F114T IxIK, Fa. FEI / Philips, method according to the manufacturer) of the obtained palladium nanoparticles.
- the mean particle diameter is 8 nm.
- the palladium nanoparticles from step a) are redispersed in 3 ml H 2 O (ultrasound bath: 10 min).
- the following solutions must be provided: a. Ethanol-NH 3 solution (total 10.5 mL): 0.5 mL concentrated ammonia solution (28-30%) is mixed with 10 mL ethanol b. Ethanol TEOS solution (total 7.6 mL): 0.6 mL tetraethylorthosilicate is mixed with 7 mL ethanol.
- the aqueous palladium nanoparticle dispersion (3 mL) is stirred vigorously (5 min). Subsequently, the ethanol-NH 3 mixture is added.
- the reaction mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles are centrifuged (10000 rpm, 25 min) and washed twice with water and once with absolute ethanol, by decanting the supernatant after centrifuging and the remaining solid (colloids) in the corresponding washing liquid by means of ultrasonic bath (5 min) before centrifuging again.
- the Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles are taken up in absolute ethanol (40 g) and redispersed by ultrasonic bath (5 min US bath). The resulting Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles can be stored or used directly in the next step.
- Figure 2 shows a TEM image (device: Tecnai 20 LaB 6 cathode, camera: Tietz F1 14T 1x1 K, Fa. FEI / Philips, method according to the manufacturer's instructions) of the resulting Pd-SiO 2 - Nanoparticles shown.
- the average diameter of the resulting Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles is 120 nm.
- a Marlipal® O13 / 40 solution (ethoxylated isotridecanol, from Sasol) is prepared by dissolving 0.43 g of Marlipal® in 11 g of H 2 O.
- Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles (30 .mu.mol metal batch) are dispersed in 40 g of ethanol and are transferred with absolute ethanol (25 g) in a closed by septum 100 mL flask and then heated to 30 0 C.
- To the tempered and stirred at 30 0 C dispersion of Pd-SiO 2 nanoparticles 0.125 mL (125 ⁇ L) of the previously prepared aqueous Marlipal® solution was added.
- step c) The Pd-SiO 2 -ZrO 2 nanoparticles obtained in step c) (30 ⁇ mol metal batch) are stirred for about 3 h in 50 ml of 1 molar NaOH solution at room temperature. Subsequently, the
- FIG. 3 a shows a TEM image (device: Tecnai 20 LaB6 cathode,
- FIG. 3b shows the result of the XPS analysis (device: Phoenix, EDAX / Ametek;
- the mean diameter of the Pd-ZrO 2 particles is 130 nm.
- the XPS analysis shows that there is no longer any SiO 2 in the nanoparticles.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE102007047434A DE102007047434A1 (de) | 2007-10-04 | 2007-10-04 | Sinterstabiler Katalysator für die Hydrierung und Dehydrierungen und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
PCT/EP2008/007954 WO2009043496A2 (de) | 2007-10-04 | 2008-09-20 | Sinterstabiler katalysator für die hydrierung und dehydrierungen und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
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EP08802454A Ceased EP2200739A2 (de) | 2007-10-04 | 2008-09-20 | Sinterstabiler katalysator für die hydrierung und dehydrierungen und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
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US (2) | US20100204518A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2200739A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5415425B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101815575A (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0817590A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102007047434A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2480278C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009043496A2 (de) |
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DE102008060259A1 (de) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-10 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Katalysator für Oxidationsreaktionen in Gegenwart von Chlorwasserstoff und/oder Chlor und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, sowie dessen Verwendung |
DE102009056700A1 (de) | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-16 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Katalysator bestehend aus Silikathüllen und darin befindlichen, räumlich orientierten Nanopartikeln einer Rutheniumverbindung |
CN101972651B (zh) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-06-13 | 中南民族大学 | 一种金属钯纳米材料催化剂及其制备和应用 |
WO2012140675A1 (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-18 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Stable oxide encapsulated metal clusters and nano particles |
CN103480369B (zh) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-05-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种铂纳米复合催化剂及其制备和应用 |
CN103990453A (zh) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 南京工业大学 | 一种催化加氢用催化剂制备方法 |
US9433932B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2016-09-06 | National Cheng Kung University | Hydrogenation catalyst and method of manufacturing the same |
US9855547B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2018-01-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Low-temperature oxidation catalysts |
US10046310B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2018-08-14 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalytic converters with age-suppressing catalysts |
US9827562B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2017-11-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalytic converters with age-suppressing catalysts |
US10422036B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2019-09-24 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Suppressing aging of platinum group metal particles in a catalytic converter |
US9901907B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-02-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalytic converters with age-suppressing catalysts |
US10035133B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2018-07-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalysts with atomically dispersed platinum group metal complexes and a barrier disposed between the complexes |
US10159960B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2018-12-25 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Catalysts with atomically dispersed platinum group metal complexes |
CN109833879B (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2021-08-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种渣油加氢催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN110252272B (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-04-22 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种连续大规模制备烯烃环氧化催化剂的方法及装置 |
CN112958081B (zh) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-10-14 | 浙江工业大学上虞研究院有限公司 | 一种中空型复合钯催化剂的制备方法 |
CN112934220B (zh) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江工业大学上虞研究院有限公司 | 一种中空型钯催化剂微球的制备方法 |
CN112958080B (zh) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江工业大学上虞研究院有限公司 | 一种介孔型钯催化剂的制备方法 |
CN116351441B (zh) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-07-02 | 北京化工大学 | 具有协同位点负载型选择性加氢催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN116060137B (zh) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-10-27 | 中国农业大学 | 用于液体有机储氢材料加氢与脱氢的纳米金属催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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-
2008
- 2008-09-09 US US12/677,157 patent/US20100204518A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-09-20 BR BRPI0817590-0A patent/BRPI0817590A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-09-20 CN CN200880110149A patent/CN101815575A/zh active Pending
- 2008-09-20 JP JP2010527353A patent/JP5415425B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-20 RU RU2010116815/04A patent/RU2480278C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-09-20 EP EP08802454A patent/EP2200739A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-20 WO PCT/EP2008/007954 patent/WO2009043496A2/de active Application Filing
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2012
- 2012-09-25 US US13/625,972 patent/US20130035511A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20070026294A1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2007-02-01 | Yuzuru Shimazaki | Catalyst nanoparticle |
US20070110816A1 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-05-17 | Jun Shin-Ae | Method of coating nanoparticles |
US20090170693A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-07-02 | Shigeru Ikeda | Catalyst Included in Hollow Porous Capsule and Method for Producing the Same |
FR2898519A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Nanoparticules notamment a structure coeur coquilles, enrobees |
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US20130035511A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
JP5415425B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
DE102007047434A1 (de) | 2009-04-09 |
WO2009043496A2 (de) | 2009-04-09 |
JP2010540232A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
BRPI0817590A2 (pt) | 2015-03-31 |
US20100204518A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
CN101815575A (zh) | 2010-08-25 |
RU2480278C2 (ru) | 2013-04-27 |
RU2010116815A (ru) | 2011-11-10 |
WO2009043496A3 (de) | 2009-06-18 |
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