EP1979312A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol

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Publication number
EP1979312A1
EP1979312A1 EP07703837A EP07703837A EP1979312A1 EP 1979312 A1 EP1979312 A1 EP 1979312A1 EP 07703837 A EP07703837 A EP 07703837A EP 07703837 A EP07703837 A EP 07703837A EP 1979312 A1 EP1979312 A1 EP 1979312A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formula
ester
farnesol
bisabolol
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07703837A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hansgeorg Ernst
Klaus-Peter Pfaff
Karl Beck
Jürgen Schubert
Günther GOTTWALD
Wolfgang Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP07703837A priority Critical patent/EP1979312A1/de
Publication of EP1979312A1 publication Critical patent/EP1979312A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/128—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by alcoholysis
    • C07C29/1285—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by alcoholysis of esters of organic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/09—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
    • C07C29/095—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of esters of organic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
    • C07C403/06—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C403/08—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms by hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by interreacting ester groups, i.e. transesterification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
    • C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of farnesol-free or farnesol-poor bisabolol by separation of bisabolol and farnesol-containing mixtures by selective esterification of farnesol and subsequent separation by distillation.
  • the invention relates in particular to a method as mentioned above comprising the selective transesterification of formyl-bisabolol and formyl-farnesol-containing mixtures and subsequent distillative separation.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Farnesol- esters.
  • Alpha-bisabolol is one of the most important components of camomile oil, which is valuable from a cosmetic and pharmaceutical point of view. It is a sought-after active ingredient used in creams, ointments and lotions for skin protection and skin care. In addition, it is used in sunscreen products, after-sun cosmetics, baby care products, after-shave products and oral care products.
  • alpha-bisabolol is usually a diastereomeric racemate of equal proportions (+/-) - ⁇ -bisabolol and (+/-) - epi- ⁇ -bisabolol. All four enantiomers were found in nature.
  • racemic mixture of I- and d-alpha-bisabolol which is mainly used in cosmetics is frequently obtained industrially by acid-catalyzed cyclization of farnesol of the formula (II)
  • a frequently used catalyst for the cyclization of said compounds of the formulas (II) and (VII) to form alpha-bisabolol of the formula (I) is formic acid.
  • Nerolidol is more suitable for this process because of the better conversion and higher reaction rate, as described in Tetrahedron 24, 859 f. described.
  • the main product thereby obtained is alpha-bisabolol formate of the formula (V)
  • meandering lines in this case denote isomers with respect to the configuration of the respective ethylenic double bond (E / Z isomers).
  • these formates are usually saponified to the corresponding alcohols.
  • the mixture thus obtained contains, besides bisabolics (as dehydration products) as the main component, alpha-bisabolol and, in addition, farnesol.
  • the minor component farnesol In order to obtain a clean product, the minor component farnesol must be distilled be separated. Because of the similarity of the boiling points of both components (bp at 1 mbar: bisabolol: 110 ° C, farnesol: 1 17 ° C), this separation is technically extremely complicated. In addition, it is hardly possible to cut farnesol fractions in a quality that would allow recirculation to the bisabolol process.
  • farnesol and its derivatives are also renowned recyclables. Derivatives of farnesol in the context of this invention are to be understood as meaning an ester of the formula (IX) having the radical definition given below.
  • farnesol acetate can be used in the range of 1% to 25%, in particular 3% to 8%.
  • farnesol acetate is prepared by acetylation of farnesol of the formula (II) (see also Tetrahedron 1987, 5499; Chem. Commun. 2003, 1546; J. Org. Chem. USSR 1992, 1057) Synth. Commun. 1998, 2001).
  • Other processes yield farnesol acetate of the formula (XIV) by prenylation of precursors of the structures of the formulas (XI) or (XII) with (3-methyl-but-2-enyl) magnesium chloride of the formula (XIII) (Synthesis 1991, 1 130).
  • R 1 is a straight-chain, branched or completely or partially cyclic, saturated or completely or partially unsaturated and / or aromatic and optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and
  • R 2 is a C 1 to C 8 alkyl radical
  • the process according to the invention is suitable for the preparation of farnesol-free or farnesol-poor bisabolol of the formula (I)
  • farnesol-free is understood to mean those bisabolol or bisabolite-containing mixtures which, in addition to optionally present further components or impurities, have a farnesol content of up to about 0.2% by weight, preferably of up to about 0.1% by weight. .%, Based on the total amount of bisabolol or Bisabol-containing mixture.
  • farnesol-poor bisabolol is to be understood as meaning those bisabolol or bisabolite-containing mixtures which, in addition to optionally present further components or impurities, have a farnesol content of from about 0.2 to about 10% by weight, preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight and more preferably from about 0.2 to about 3% by weight and most preferably from about 0.2 to about 1% by weight, based on the total amount of the bisabolol or bisabolol-containing mixture ,
  • the bisabolol of the formula (I) which can be prepared according to the invention usually also occurs with respect to other components or impurities apart from farnesol in purified form, often only by easily separable low-boiling contaminated form.
  • Suitable starting materials for carrying out the process according to the invention are mixtures comprising bisabolol of the formula (I) and farnesol of the formula (II)
  • mixtures to be used as starting materials are those which consist of about 70 to about 99.9 wt .-%, preferably about 80 to about 99 wt .-% of bisabolol and farnesol as the two main components.
  • Possible further components may be, for example, solvents or by-products from the preparation of the respective starting materials.
  • the inventive method comprises in one embodiment, the
  • the radical R 1 stands for a straight-chain, branched or completely or partially cyclic, saturated or completely or partially unsaturated and / or aromatic and optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. men.
  • R 1 is a Ce- to Cio-aryl radical such as phenyl or naphthyl, preferably phenyl, which may be unsubstituted or one or more, usually 1 to 3, identical or different substituents selected from the group of substituents d-bis C ⁇ -alkyl, halogen and C 1 to C 6 alkoxy can carry.
  • the radical R 1 particularly preferably represents phenyl, ortho-methylphenyl, para
  • Methylphenyl ortho-para-dimethylphenyl, ortho-ortho-para-trimethylphenyl, ortho-methoxyphenyl or para methoxyphenyl.
  • the radical R 1 can also be a straight-chain or branched or completely or partially cyclic C 1 - to C 12 -alkyl radical which also contains one or more, generally 1 to 3, identical or different substituents as mentioned above and / or Ce- to Cio-aryl substituent can carry.
  • d- to Ci2-alkyl as described below d- to C ⁇ -alkyl and, moreover, for example, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl or dodecyl.
  • radical R 1 are, for example: benzyl, straight-chain or branched decyl, for example the corresponding radicals of neodecanoic acids or else the radicals of the acids known under the trade name Versatic® Acid.
  • the radical R 2 is a C 1 - to C 8 -alkyl radical such as, for example: methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methyl-propyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1, 1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, cyclopentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3 Methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethyl
  • halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine to understand.
  • Preferred esters of the formula (III) according to the invention are optionally substituted benzoic acid esters, preferably benzoic acid C 1 - to C 3 -alkyl esters.
  • An inventively particularly preferred ester of formula (IM) is benzoic acid methyl ester.
  • the selected ester of the formula (III) is used in at least equimolar amount, normally in an amount of 1 to about 3, preferably 1 to about 2, more preferably about 1, 05 to about 1, 7 equivalents, based on the amount of Mixture contained Farnesols of formula (M) used. It has proved to be advantageous to use an ester of the formula (III) which has a higher boiling point than the corresponding alcohol R 2 OH or the employed Cr to C 6 -alkanol.
  • step a) takes place in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal alkoxide having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with selective formation of a farnesol ester of the formula (IV)
  • Alcoholates to be used are preferably the lithium, sodium, potassium or calcium alkoxides of methanol, ethanol or n-propanol.
  • Alcoholates preferred according to the invention are sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and sodium propoxide, particularly preferably sodium methoxide.
  • catalytic amount is understood to mean an amount of about 0.05 to about 10 mol% of the selected alcoholate, based on the amount of farnesol used.
  • the sodium methoxide to be used as the preferred alkoxide is preferably used in amounts of from about 0.5 to about 10 mol%, more preferably from about 1.5 to about 7 mol%, based on the amount of farnesol used. For practical reasons, preference is given to using sodium methanolate in the form of a methanolic solution.
  • step a) of this embodiment of the process according to the invention the alcohol of the formula R 2 OH formed by transesterification and the ester of the formula (III) which may be used in excess are separated from the resulting reaction mixture by distillation.
  • methyl esters In the case of methyl esters, it is convenient to heat to a bottom temperature of about 70 to about 140 ° C, preferably about 80 to about 100 ° C. It is advantageous but not essential part of the process according to the invention to assist distilling off the alcohol by: applying a vacuum to about 5 mbar, passing an inert stripping gas, preferably knit and / or addition of an inert drag solvent such as heptane, toluene or xylene , In this way, a conversion of farnesol to the corresponding ester of the formula (IV), preferably to the farnesol benzoate of more than 99% of theory, is achieved.
  • an inert stripping gas preferably knit and / or addition of an inert drag solvent such as heptane, toluene or xylene
  • the bisabolol used in farnesol-free or farnesol-poor form is separated from the bisabolol used Step a) formed esters of the formula (IV) by distillation.
  • the distillation is advantageously carried out in a high vacuum, ie at pressures of up to 1 mbar, whereby bisabolol of the desired quality is obtained after deduction of any higher-boiling impurities which may still be present.
  • mixtures are used as starting materials which comprise bisabolol formate of the formula (V)
  • Such mixtures are preferably those containing from about 70 to about 99.9 wt.%, Preferably from about 80 to about 99 wt.%, Of bisabolol formate of formula (V) and farnesol formate of formula (VI) as the consist of two main components. Possible further components may be, for example, solvents or by-products from the preparation of the respective starting materials.
  • the mixture containing the formates of the formulas (V) and (VI) is reacted with an amount of a C 1 to C 6 alkanol which is at least equimolar with respect to the total amount of the formates used in the presence of a catalytic Amount of an alkali or alkaline earth metal alkoxide having 1 to 6 carbon atoms to form the compounds of formula (I) and (II) and a formic acid Ci- to C ⁇ -alkyl ester.
  • the resulting formic acid Ci- to C ⁇ -alkyl ester and optionally used in excess d- to C ⁇ -alkanol are meanwhile removed by distillation from the resulting reaction mixture to obtain a bisabolol of the formula (I) and farnesol of the formula (II) containing mixture.
  • the selected d- to C ⁇ -alkanol preferably methanol, the mixture of starting materials in at least equimolar amount, usually in an excess of about 1.05 to about 1.5, preferably about 1.05 to about 1.3 equivalents, based on the total amount of the formates used.
  • an alkoxide of the d- to Ce-alkanol used in this step particularly preferably sodium methoxide, the free alcohols of the formulas (I) and (II) and the respective formic acid Ci- to Ce- alkyl ester, preferably methyl formate.
  • the reaction is advantageously carried out at a temperature of from about 60 to about 90 ° C., the resulting formic acid Ci- to C ⁇ -alkyl ester, preferably the resulting formic acid methyl ester, and optionally used in excess d- to C ⁇ -alkanol of the distilled off.
  • the temperature required for this depends on the boiling point of the particular formic acid ester.
  • methyl formate is heated advantageously at atmospheric pressure to about 60 to about 90 ° C, preferably to about 70 to about 80 ° C.
  • the distilling off of the formic acid ester can also be assisted by applying a vacuum or stripping with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
  • the residue obtained is a mixture comprising bisabolol of the formula (I) and farnesol of the formula (II) which can be further reacted according to steps a) and b) of the above-described embodiment of the process according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention for the production of farnesol-free or farnesol-poor bisabolol starting from bisabolol-formate of the formula (V) and farnesol-formate of the formula (VI) can advantageously also be carried out such that the reactions which have been carried out in the course of the reaction steps described above are passed through in one stage, the equilibrium base-catalyzed transesterification reactions taking place side by side.
  • the present invention accordingly also relates to a process for the preparation of farnesol-free or farnesol-poor bisabolol of the formula (I) starting from bisabolol formate of the formula (V)
  • step i) of this embodiment of the present invention the mixture comprising the formates of the formulas (V) and (VI) is reacted with at least an equimolar amount of a C 1 to C 6, based on the amount of the bisabolol formate of the formula (V) used.
  • the selected d- to C ⁇ -alkanol preferably corresponds to the alcohol radical R 2 of the ester of the formula (IM) used and is preferably methanol.
  • the alcohol chosen in each case is used in an at least equimolar amount, based on the amount of bisabolol formate of the formula (V) present in the educt mixture. Preference is given to using the respective alcohol in an amount of from 1.05 to about 1.5 equivalents.
  • the selected ester of the formula (III), preferably methyl benzoate, is used in at least an equimolar amount, based on the amount of the farnesol formate of the formula (VI) present in the educt mixture. Preference is given to using the respective ester in an amount of from 1.05 to about 2 equivalents, more preferably from about 1.05 to about 1.7 equivalents.
  • a catalytic amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth alcoholate having 1 to 6 carbon atoms as described above is also added.
  • the term catalytic amount is understood as meaning an amount of from about 0.05 to about 5 mol% of the alcoholate selected, based on the amount of formates of the formulas (V) and (VI) used.
  • the sodium methoxide to be used as the preferred alkoxide is preferred in amounts of about 0.5 to about 3 mol%, more preferably about 1, 5 to about 5 mol%, based on the amount of formate used of the formulas (V) and (VI). For practical reasons, preference is given to using sodium methoxide in the form of a methanolic solution.
  • the d- to C ⁇ -alkanol used in each case, especially methanol, and the formed formic acid-C 1 to C 6 -alkyl ester, especially methyl formate (methyl formate), are distilled off from the reaction mixture obtained .
  • the temperature required for this depends on the boiling point of the particular formic acid ester.
  • methyl formate is heated advantageously at atmospheric pressure to about 60 to about 90 ° C, preferably to about 70 to about 80 ° C.
  • distilling off the formic acid ester can also be assisted by applying a vacuum or stripping with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
  • an inert gas preferably nitrogen.
  • the bisabolol of the formula (I) formed can then be removed by distillation from the ester of the formula (IV) according to step ii) and thus obtained in the desired farnesol-free or farnesol-poor form.
  • the entire process including the distillation of bisabolol can, if desired, also be carried out continuously, for example in an evaporator apparatus or a column.
  • the farnesol ester of the formula (IV) remaining in the distillation bottoms can be saponified in aqueous-alkaline manner by standard methods known to the person skilled in the art and the farnesol thus recovered can be reused.
  • the ester formed of the formula (IV) after separation of the bisabolol of the formula (I) in the presence of an alcohol R 2 OH transesterify, for example under acidic or basic catalyzed conditions, and the resulting ester of the formula (IM) in which he - Return process according to the invention.
  • the distillation bottoms of process steps b) or ii) usually contain about 70 to 90% by weight of esters of the formula (IV).
  • ester of the formula (IV) formed is isolated after removal of the bisabolol of the formula (I) in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali or alkaline-earth alcoholate with an ester of the formula (VIII)
  • the catalyst can be neutralized by adding an at least equimolar amount of a weak acid. If necessary, ⁇ ) of the ester of formula (IX) can be purified.
  • the method preferably includes the method steps ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the radicals can be chosen so that the ester of formula (IX) has a lower boiling point than the ester of formula (IV).
  • the ester of formula (IX) has a lower boiling point than the ester of formula (IV).
  • reaction equation represents the reaction schematically.
  • other compounds in particular other esters.
  • Alcoholates to be used are preferably the lithium, sodium, potassium or calcium alkoxides of methanol, ethanol or n-propanol.
  • Alcoholates preferred according to the invention are sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and sodium propoxide, particularly preferably sodium methoxide.
  • the alcoholates are preferably used in the form of a solution in the corresponding alcohol.
  • sodium methoxide can be used in the form of a 30 wt .-% solution in methanol.
  • catalytic amount is an amount of 0.05 to 7 ⁇ mol%, preferably 1 to 5 mol% of the alcoholate chosen, based on the amount of ester of the formula (IV) to understand.
  • the sodium methoxide to be used as the preferred alkoxide is preferably used in amounts of from 0.05 to 7 mol%, more preferably from 1 to 5 to 7 mol%, based on the amount of ester of the formula (IV) used.
  • transesterification reagent used according to the invention are esters of the formula (VIII)
  • R 3 is the same radical definition as for R 1 , with the proviso that R 1 and R 3 are different from each other.
  • R 4 can be chosen to be equal to R 2 . But it is also possible to choose R 4 so that it is not equal to R 2 .
  • R 3 is chosen so that the resulting ester of formula (IX) is a nature identical compound.
  • halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine to understand.
  • Preferred esters of the formula (VIII) according to the invention are methyl acetate (methyl acetate), ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate), n-propyl acetate (n-butyl).
  • Propyl acetate) and iso-propyl acetate iso-propyl acetate.
  • Particularly preferred is methyl acetate (methyl acetate).
  • the selected ester of formula (VIII) is preferably in at least equimolar amount, usually in an amount of 1 to 30, preferably 5 to 20, particularly preferably 10 to 15 equivalents, based on the amount of the ester of the formula (IV ) used.
  • ester of formula (VIII) can be a
  • Boiling point which is above or below the boiling point of the ester of the formula (X) or the same.
  • the boiling point of the ester (VIII) is below the boiling point of the ester (X).
  • the boiling points of the esters of the formula (VIII), the esters of the formula (X) and the esters of the formula (IX) are preferably sufficiently far removed from one another to be able to obtain the respective esters in pure form by distillative purification.
  • boiling points of compounds are compared with one another, the boiling points of the pure substances which were determined at the same pressure are compared.
  • This pressure is normally the normal pressure, but may be higher or lower; for decomposable substances, the boiling point is usually determined at pressures lower than atmospheric pressure.
  • step ⁇ ) The reaction according to step ⁇ ) is carried out to form a farnesol ester of the formula (IX)
  • esters of the formula (IV) any mixtures of E / Z isomers are used.
  • the esters of formula (IV) can also be used isomerically pure.
  • the inventive reaction preferably gives esters of the formula (IX) as a mixture of a corresponding isomeric composition.
  • the radicals are preferably selected such that the ester of the formula (IX) has a lower boiling point than the ester of the formula (IV).
  • the starting material does not necessarily have to be the distillation bottoms of process steps b) or ii). Rather, it is generally possible to use mixtures containing esters of the formula (IV). If esters of the formula (IV) are used mixtures which are not a distillation bottoms of process steps b) or ii), the process preferably comprises the process steps ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the reaction is generally carried out at temperatures and pressures such that the equilibrium shifts as completely as possible to the side of the esters of formula (IX).
  • the reaction may preferably be carried out at a reaction temperature from ambient to reflux of the reaction mixture; It is preferable to work at a slightly elevated temperature, in the range from about 40 to 80 ° C., particularly preferably at about 50 to 60 ° C.
  • the progress of the reaction can be followed, for example, by thin-layer or gas chromatography.
  • the catalyst is neutralized by addition of an at least equimolar amount, based on the amount of catalyst used, of a weak acid.
  • the catalyst is preferably neutralized by addition of at least twice the equimolar amount, based on the amount of catalyst used, of a weak acid.
  • weak acids have a pK s value of 2 or more, preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more.
  • the pK s value is the negative decadic logarithm of the acid constant determined in water.
  • Particularly suitable acids are organic acids, preferably alkanecarboxylic acids, more preferably acetic acid. Addition of a slight excess of this acid (based on catalyst) gives a buffer having a pH of about 5 (in the aqueous extract). This "quenched" reaction mixture can be fractionally distilled without aqueous workup to isolate the desired product, whereby the transesterification reagent used in excess can be recovered in pure form and recycled to the process.
  • the purification is preferably carried out in process step ⁇ ) by fractional distillation.
  • the fractional distillation can be carried out as a rectification.
  • other purification methods known to those skilled in the art may also be used, such as dissolution and (precipitation) precipitation, adsorption and chromatographic methods, electrophoresis, melting, in particular zone melting, freezing, normal solidification, crystallization, sublimation, growth or other transport reactions.
  • the ester of formula (VIII) in the process step ⁇ ) ⁇ i) the optionally used in excess ester of the formula (VIII); 72) the ester of formula (X); 73) the ester of formula (IX) is fractionally distilled.
  • the radicals of the ester of the formula (VIII), of the ester of the formula (X) and of the ester of the formula (IX) are preferably chosen so that the boiling temperatures of the individual compounds to be separated from one another are sufficiently different.
  • the distillation cuts are chosen so that the compounds are pure, i. preferably has a purity of 90% GC or more, more preferably 95% GC or more.
  • the output pressure may be, for example, the ambient pressure.
  • the lowering of the pressure can be effected by the measures known to the person skilled in the art, for example by applying a vacuum.
  • Pressure and temperature are adjusted during the distillation so that a fractionated separation of the compounds can take place.
  • the distillation is further assisted by passing an inert stripping gas, preferably nitrogen and / or adding an inert drag solvent, for example heptane, toluene or xylene.
  • an inert stripping gas preferably nitrogen and / or adding an inert drag solvent, for example heptane, toluene or xylene.
  • the distilled ester of the formula (VIII) can be recycled to the process at a suitable point, for example in process step ⁇ ).
  • the distilled ester of the formula (X) can be recycled to the process at a suitable point, for example in the process steps a) or i), if it fulfills the criteria for an ester of the formula (III) mentioned therein.
  • the recycled ester of the formula (X) and the ester of the formula (III) used in the process are not necessarily the same, ie their radicals R 2 or R 4 may be different from one another.
  • the ester of formula (X) and the ester of formula (III) are the same, more preferably the ester of formula (X) and the ester of formula (III) are both methyl benzoates, and the ester of formula (X ) is recycled as the ester of formula (IM) in the process.
  • the inventive method opens up an economically and procedurally particularly advantageous access to pure or enriched bisabolol starting from readily available mixtures of bisabolol and farnesol formate. It succeeds surprisingly it is possible to split the formates used into the free alcohols in only one process step and to convert farnesol completely selectively into a higher-boiling ester of the formula (IV). As a result, the so far still necessary saponification of the formates to be used, which includes an aqueous workup including phase separation can be saved. By procedurally particularly simple distillation bisabolol can be separated from the reaction mixture, with no further workup steps are required.
  • the farnesol ester remaining in the distillation bottoms can be split into farnesol by simple ester hydrolysis as illustrated or converted into a farnesol derivative by transesterification.
  • This farnesol can in turn be converted into bisabolol according to the prior art, which makes the overall process very economical and resource-saving.
  • GC method separation column 30m DB-WAX / inner diameter 0.25 mm; Film thickness 0.25 microns; Start temperature 120 ° C; Final temperature 250 ° C; Heating rate 5 K / min; Detection: FID.
  • the farnesol benzoate residue from Example 1 (122 g, 76.2% strength) was admixed at room temperature with 180 g of a 10% strength by weight solution of potassium hydroxide in methanol. It was heated to reflux. After stirring for one hour under reflux, 300 ml of water and 100 ml of toluene were added to the work-up. The aqueous lower phase was separated, and the organic phase was washed neutral four times with 150 ml of water. Then the organic phase was concentrated on a rotary evaporator at 60 ° C to 15 mbar. 86.4 g of farnesol were obtained as the evaporation residue as E / Z isomer mixture with a purity of 72.2%.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
EP07703837A 2006-01-16 2007-01-12 Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol Withdrawn EP1979312A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP07703837A EP1979312A1 (de) 2006-01-16 2007-01-12 Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol

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EP06100395 2006-01-16
PCT/EP2007/050297 WO2007082847A1 (de) 2006-01-16 2007-01-12 Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol
EP07703837A EP1979312A1 (de) 2006-01-16 2007-01-12 Verfahren zur herstellung von farnesol-freiem oder farnesol-armem bisabolol

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CA (1) CA2637043A1 (pt)
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EP2657216B1 (de) 2012-04-27 2014-06-25 Symrise AG Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Farnesol zu Nerolidol in Gegenwart von alpha-Bisabolol
AU2012398332B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2017-02-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water soluble essential oils and their use
KR102053153B1 (ko) 2012-12-27 2019-12-06 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 수용성 파르네솔 유사체 및 그 용도
US11401227B2 (en) * 2018-08-30 2022-08-02 Basf Se Process to produce a mono vinyl ether

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DE2317583C3 (de) * 1973-04-07 1978-07-13 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Reinigung von a- Bisabolol
US5095155A (en) * 1990-06-07 1992-03-10 Union Camp Corporation Process for the separation of isomers of diastereomeric alcohols
DE10246038B3 (de) * 2002-10-02 2004-04-15 Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von alpha-Bisabolol aus Nerolidol
DE102005051903A1 (de) * 2005-10-29 2007-05-03 Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Entfernen von Farnesol aus Mischungen mit alpha-Bisabolol

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RU2008133384A (ru) 2010-02-27
US20100222606A1 (en) 2010-09-02
CN101400650A (zh) 2009-04-01

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