EP1912891A1 - Procede de production d'un materiau accumulateur d'hydrogene - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un materiau accumulateur d'hydrogene

Info

Publication number
EP1912891A1
EP1912891A1 EP06762856A EP06762856A EP1912891A1 EP 1912891 A1 EP1912891 A1 EP 1912891A1 EP 06762856 A EP06762856 A EP 06762856A EP 06762856 A EP06762856 A EP 06762856A EP 1912891 A1 EP1912891 A1 EP 1912891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
hydrogen storage
catalyst precursor
storage material
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06762856A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian Fichtner
Christoph Frommen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
Publication of EP1912891A1 publication Critical patent/EP1912891A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0078—Composite solid storage mediums, i.e. coherent or loose mixtures of different solid constituents, chemically or structurally heterogeneous solid masses, coated solids or solids having a chemically modified surface region
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen storage material comprising a metal hydride and a non-hydrogenated material doped with a metal as a catalyst.
  • DE 195 26 434 A1 discloses a method for the reversible storage of hydrogen, in which sodium, potassium, sodium-lithium, sodium-potassium or lithium-potassium-alanate are used as reversible hydrogen storage materials.
  • a catalytically acting dopant typically in amounts of 0.2 to 10 mol%, based on the alkali metal alanate.
  • a catalytically acting dopant typically in amounts of 0.2 to 10 mol%, based on the alkali metal alanate.
  • Ver ⁇ compounds of transition metals of the 3rd to 5th group of the Periodic Table (Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta), iron, nickel, or a rare earth metal preferably alcoholates, haldgenides, hydrides,
  • DE 101 63 697 A1 discloses hydrogen storage materials comprising the abovementioned alanates or mixtures of aluminum metals with: alkali metals and / or alkali metal hydrides, which are reacted with metal catalysts having particle sizes of from 0.5 to 1000 nm and specific surface areas of from 50 to 1000 are used for which transition metals of groups 3 to 11 of the Periodic Table or aluminum and alloys, mixtures or compounds of these metals, in particular titanium, titanium-iron and titanium-aluminum are used.
  • Solids such as Al 0 and NaCl, which do not store hydrogen and are therefore detrimental to the gravimetric storage capacity; of the material.
  • Attractive would be the use of the much cheaper TiCi 4 with a price of about 0.02 EUR / g.
  • the price for an equivalent amount of Ti for 100 kg of storage material would only be around 50 EUR.
  • this compound is tetravalent and contains only about 25% by weight of Ti, the remainder being inactive chloride, which lowers the gravimetric storage capacity of the material.
  • a metal hydride with a polyvalent Ti compound such as TiCl
  • a part of the hydrogen storage material is consumed, forming metallic Ti 0 by a redox reaction.
  • metallic Al ⁇ which stores no hydrogen, other memory-inactive by-products such as in particular NaCl arise.
  • Table 1 Theoretical proportion of storage-inactive material when using Ti, TiCl 3 and TiCl 4 as catalyst precursor (precursor)
  • the theoretical proportion of memory-inactive material in the use of TiCl 3 or TiCl 4 as a catalyst precursor or metallic Ti, each with a concentration of 2 mol%, depending on the preparation process is between 1.9 and 14.4 wt. %.
  • the use of the inexpensive TiCl 4 was thus the approximately 6-8 times the amount of inactive storage material produce compared to metalli ⁇ cal Ti, which is by far the lowest proportion memory inactive Causes substances.
  • Em use of metallic Ti-Pu ⁇ Lver is, however, as already described above, not advantageous due to the long Kugelmahldauern in the production and the slow kinetics of the product.
  • the process according to the invention for producing a hydrogen storage material which comprises at least one metal hydride and at least one nonhydrogenated material and which is doped with a catalytically active metal as catalyst, comprises the steps a) to c) explained in detail below.
  • a catalyst precursor is usually provided in the form of a powder containing the metal, which serves as a catalytically acting dopant for the produced water ⁇ material storage material.
  • the metal is preferably a transition metal of groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Periodic Table or a rare earth metal, wherein titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel or cerium and a mixture or alloy of min ⁇ least two of these metals is particularly preferred.
  • the catalyst precursor itself represents a metal compound, preferably in Form of a hydride, carbide, nitride, oxide, Alkoh ⁇ ats or halide, in particular a chloride, is present.
  • the metal compound provided is then used in step a) as a catalyst precursor with the non-hydrogenated material of the hydrogen storage material, which is usually also present as a powder, and preferably with an organic solvent such. Tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether intimately mixed and preferably stirred for several hours.
  • the non-hydrogenated material of the hydrogen storage material an element of the 3rd main group of the periodic table such as boron or aluminum is preferably used, with aluminum being particularly preferred.
  • the metal contained in the catalyst precursor is already partially reduced. From the catalyst precursor an intermediate product is generally formed, which is not volatile and therefore does not remove before the heat treatment.
  • this mixture is subjected to a heat treatment, preferably at a temperature between 250 0 C and 900 0 C, more preferably between 350 ° C and 600 0 C, in particular between 450 0 C and 550 0 C, however always below the melting point of the unhydrogenated material.
  • a heat treatment preferably at a temperature between 250 0 C and 900 0 C, more preferably between 350 ° C and 600 0 C, in particular between 450 0 C and 550 0 C, however always below the melting point of the unhydrogenated material.
  • the composite prepared in this way according to step c) with a metal hydride, which is used for the hydrogen storage material is suitable, mixed and the mixture thus obtained preferably in a ball mill for several hours.
  • Preferred metal hydrides are alkali metal hydrides such as NaH, KH, LiH or a mixture of these metal hydrides.
  • the inventively produced catalytically active metal-doped hydrogen storage material consisting of the metal hydride used and according to step a) and b) pretreated non-hydrogenated material such as aluminum powder, represents itself a nano-composite, which is hydrogen ( in the case of NaH and aluminum powder with the formation of NaAlH 4 ) loaded and discharged again.
  • pretreated non-hydrogenated material such as aluminum powder
  • the inventive method is based on the surprising finding that in a process based on the jerk reaction of equations (2) and (1), the chloride is almost completely removed when the Al powder is mixed with inexpensive TiCl 4 and reacted is brought and then the reaction product between 350 0 C and 600 ° C in the inert gas stream is heat treated. In this way, a finely divided titanium phase is formed, which is catalytically active.
  • the chlorine gas produced at the same time can be neutralized at the exit of the furnace eg with potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the inventive method thus allows the use of inexpensive TiCl 4 as a catalyst precursor (precursor) for the preparation of a hydrogen storage material based on NaH and Al, whose loading and discharge kinetics of that of a hydrogen storage material corresponds, using the far more expensive TiCl 3 was prepared.
  • the hydrogen storage material only contains a small fraction of the chlorine from the catalyst precursor,
  • Fig. 1 desorption behavior of a hydrogen storage material produced according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 Rontgenpulverdiffraktogramm one produced by the inventive method AlTi 0 02 composite.
  • the gray-green residue was then heat-treated in an inert gas stream at ca. 5OU 0 C for 90 minutes.
  • the residue took on a dark gray color.
  • the elemental analysis showed a content of 1.9 ⁇ 0.1 mol% titanium and 1.0 ⁇ 0.1 mol% chlorine in the composite.
  • the Heat Treatment ⁇ lung in the inert gas causes a decomposition of the material and surface ⁇ cal reactions with the aluminum, whereby the intermetallic titanium-aluminum layers formed, which are catalytically active.
  • Fig. 1 the Desorpcions of this exemplary embodiment, prepared according to the hydrogen storage material that had been annealed for 90 minutes at 500 0 C, shown in the first desorption (right curve) and in the 5th desorption (left curve). It turns out that an improvement in the conversion kinetics occurs when the material is cycled several times.
  • the loading of the hydrogen was carried out at 100 0 C and a total pressure of 10 MPa H 2 ; the discharge was carried out at a temperature of 150 0 C at a total pressure of 0.04 MPa H 2 .
  • the charge and discharge kinetics roughly correspond to those of a hydrogen storage material prepared using the same amount of far more expensive TiCl 3 .
  • Fig. 2 shows a Roncgenpuiver diffractogram of an AlTi 0. o: composite material prepared according to the invention.
  • the symbols indicate which elements or connections the signals marked with are returned to. This result can be considered as evidence for both the formation of metallic Ti and Al 3 Ti and Al 2 Ti, wherein the proportions of the newly formed crystalline phases vary depending on the temperature and treatment time.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un matériau accumulateur d'hydrogène contenant un hydrure métallique et un matériau non-hydrogéné et dopé d'un métal en tant que catalyseur. Ce procédé consiste a) à mélanger un précurseur catalyseur contenant le métal, avec le matériau non-hydrogéné et éventuellement un solvant et à agiter ce mélange, b) à soumettre le mélange à un traitement thermique, le métal issu du précurseur catalyseur formant un composite avec le matériau non-hydrogéné, c) à mélanger le composite avec l'hydrure métallique et à broyer le mélange, ce qui permet d'obtenir le matériau accumulateur d'hydrogène. Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'utiliser du TiCl<SUB>4</SUB> économique comme précurseur catalyseur pour produire un matériau accumulateur d'hydrogène dont la cinétique de charge et de décharge correspond à celle d'un matériau accumulateur d'hydrogène qui a été produit comme précurseur catalyseur avec la même quantité de TiCl<SUB>3</SUB> bien plus onéreuse.
EP06762856A 2005-08-10 2006-07-27 Procede de production d'un materiau accumulateur d'hydrogene Withdrawn EP1912891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005037772A DE102005037772B3 (de) 2005-08-10 2005-08-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wasserstoff-Speichermaterials
PCT/EP2006/007431 WO2007017129A1 (fr) 2005-08-10 2006-07-27 Procede de production d'un materiau accumulateur d'hydrogene

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1912891A1 true EP1912891A1 (fr) 2008-04-23

Family

ID=37101934

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06762856A Withdrawn EP1912891A1 (fr) 2005-08-10 2006-07-27 Procede de production d'un materiau accumulateur d'hydrogene

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8084386B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1912891A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5015929B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005037772B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007017129A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4995753B2 (ja) * 2008-02-27 2012-08-08 本田技研工業株式会社 水素吸蔵材及びその製造方法
KR100984718B1 (ko) * 2008-08-11 2010-10-01 한화케미칼 주식회사 수소 저장물질로써 아릴 또는 알킬을 포함하는 유기-전이 금속 하이드라이드의 보다 개선된 제조방법

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3387933A (en) * 1962-03-30 1968-06-11 Hercules Inc Preparation of metal hydrides
DE19526434A1 (de) * 1995-07-19 1997-01-23 Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh Verfahren zur reversilben Speicherung von Wasserstoff
US6471935B2 (en) * 1998-08-06 2002-10-29 University Of Hawaii Hydrogen storage materials and method of making by dry homogenation
EP1100745A1 (fr) * 1998-08-06 2001-05-23 University Of Hawaii Nouveaux materiaux de stockage de l'hydrogene et leur procede de fabrication par homogeneisation a sec
DE10012794A1 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh Verfahren zur reversiblen Speicherung von Wasserstoff auf der Basis von Alkalimetallen und Aluminium
DE10163697A1 (de) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-03 Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh Reversible Speicherung von Wasserstoff mit Hilfe von dotierten Alkalimetallaluminiumhydriden
US20030165423A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-09-04 Gross Karl J. Direct synthesis of hydride compounds using a titanium aluminate dopant
US6793909B2 (en) * 2002-01-29 2004-09-21 Sandia National Laboratories Direct synthesis of catalyzed hydride compounds
US7169489B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2007-01-30 Fuelsell Technologies, Inc. Hydrogen storage, distribution, and recovery system
JP2004026623A (ja) * 2002-05-10 2004-01-29 Sony Corp 水素吸蔵用複合体材料、その使用方法及びその製造方法、及び水素吸蔵材料及びその使用方法
JP4314788B2 (ja) * 2002-06-19 2009-08-19 ソニー株式会社 水素吸蔵用材料及びその使用方法
US7011768B2 (en) * 2002-07-10 2006-03-14 Fuelsell Technologies, Inc. Methods for hydrogen storage using doped alanate compositions
EP1641581B1 (fr) * 2003-07-04 2020-02-26 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Procedes permettant la production de composes metalliques
DE10332438A1 (de) 2003-07-16 2005-04-14 Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh In porösen Matrizen eingekapselte Materialien für die reversible Wasserstoffspeicherung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2007017129A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8084386B2 (en) 2011-12-27
DE102005037772B3 (de) 2006-11-23
US20100167917A1 (en) 2010-07-01
JP2009504548A (ja) 2009-02-05
JP5015929B2 (ja) 2012-09-05
WO2007017129A1 (fr) 2007-02-15

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