EP1894300B1 - Systeme de source de courant et procede pour faire fonctionner une charge electrique - Google Patents

Systeme de source de courant et procede pour faire fonctionner une charge electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1894300B1
EP1894300B1 EP06743161A EP06743161A EP1894300B1 EP 1894300 B1 EP1894300 B1 EP 1894300B1 EP 06743161 A EP06743161 A EP 06743161A EP 06743161 A EP06743161 A EP 06743161A EP 1894300 B1 EP1894300 B1 EP 1894300B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current source
voltage
electrical load
transistor
input
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Expired - Fee Related
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EP06743161A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1894300A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Trattler
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Ams AG
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Austriamicrosystems AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power source arrangement, the use thereof, and a method for operating an electrical load.
  • Power source arrangements serve, for example, to supply one or more electrical loads with electrical energy.
  • a plurality of series circuits each comprising a current source and an associated load, may be provided. If the branches connected in parallel are supplied with a common supply voltage, it may be desirable to regulate the supply voltage.
  • the voltage drop across each current sink voltage can be measured and then the minimum of the current sink voltages can be determined. This lowest current sink voltage is compared with a desired value and depending on the comparison result, the supply voltage is varied. This ensures that the minimum voltage drop across the current sink corresponds at least to the threshold value. As a result, all power sources work in a predetermined voltage range.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a current source arrangement and a method for operating an electrical load, in which a simple circuit construction with good efficiency is possible.
  • the proposed power source arrangement includes a power source and associated means for connecting an electrical load.
  • the current source and the means for connecting an electrical load are connected to one another such that a common current path is formed when the electrical load is connected.
  • a voltage tap node is coupled to the means for connecting an electrical load. This is designed so that it can be tapped off a drop across the electrical load and / or the power source voltage or a signal derived therefrom.
  • a comparator is connected at its first input to the tap node.
  • a second input of the comparator is arranged to supply a reference threshold.
  • An output of the comparator is connected to a control input of a transistor.
  • the transistor has a controlled path connected between a signal line and a reference potential terminal.
  • a DC voltage regulator for example a DC / DC converter, is designed at an input for supplying an input voltage.
  • An output of the DC regulator is connected to the means for connecting the electrical load.
  • a feedback input of the DC regulator is connected to the signal line.
  • the signal line is pulled down.
  • the feedback input of the DC regulator is pulled down.
  • the DC regulator compensates for this by increasing its output voltage to regain the correct feedback voltage at the feedback input.
  • each branch comprising a means for connecting an electrical load and an associated current source, each associated with a comparator with downstream transistor.
  • each branch comprising a means for connecting an electrical load and an associated current source, each associated with a comparator with downstream transistor.
  • common to all branches is the signal line and the DC voltage regulator.
  • At least one further current source and at least one further means for connecting an electrical load is provided, which is connected to the at least one further current source.
  • At least one further voltage tapping node is coupled to the at least one further means for connecting an electrical load.
  • At least one further comparator with a first input, which is connected to the at least one further tap node, and with a second input configured for supplying at least one further reference source is provided.
  • At least one further transistor is connected to it, which is connected on the load side to the common signal line.
  • the proposed principle is characterized in particular by a high efficiency.
  • the proposed circuit can be realized in a simple manner and in a small size. Furthermore, it is characterized by the fact that it can be easily extended, cascaded and configured almost arbitrarily. Any number of power sources can be added without the need for additional circuitry, even across different semiconductor chips. Between several power sources, only a single line is required, namely the designated here as a signal line line. If in each case a plurality of different load types are to be controlled, for example red, green and blue (RGB) light-emitting diodes, abbreviated LEDs, the current sources can preferably be arranged in groups such that a common signal line is provided for each load type.
  • RGB red, green and blue
  • the reference thresholds may be the same or different.
  • the electrical loads each comprise at least one light emitting diode or a series connection of a plurality of light emitting diodes.
  • the branches each comprising a current source and a means for connecting an electrical load, may be grouped together such that there is a means between the tap nodes of such a group and the comparator is switched to select a minimum input voltage.
  • the types of loads may be light emitting diodes of different colors, such as red, green and blue light emitting diodes.
  • the voltage tap node may be coupled to the means for connecting an electrical load such that the voltage tap node is formed at a control terminal of a current source transistor, wherein the controlled path of the current source transistor is formed in a common current path with the means for connecting the electrical load.
  • the comparator may comprise an operational amplifier.
  • the combination of comparator and downstream transistor is preferably designed so that at different input levels at the input of the comparator not a rapid tilting of the output level to an extreme value, but rather that at the output a signal proportional to the difference at the input is provided. This means that preferably a finite amplification is provided. This gain can be expressed in amperes per volt (current output to voltage input).
  • the DC voltage regulator preferably comprises a so-called DC / DC converter.
  • This is preferably designed as a so-called inductive buck converter or buck converter, boost converter or boost converter, buck / boost converter, capacitive charge pump, LDO (linear regulator) or the like.
  • a low-pass filter is preferably provided.
  • Minimum and maximum limits for the output voltage of the DC-DC converter can be set exactly by resistor divider ratios. This can be achieved with advantage that even if an electrical load fails, the supply voltage at the output of the DC-DC converter always remains within the specified limits for this output voltage.
  • the proposed principle is preferably generally suitable for lighting applications.
  • the proposed principle for backlighting of liquid crystal displays, LCD is suitable.
  • the proposed principle can be used in such lighting applications in which a plurality of LED series circuits or chains are provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a current source arrangement according to the proposed principle.
  • a power source 1 is in a common Current path connected to a means 2 for connecting an electrical load 3. Between the power source 1 and the electrical load 3, a voltage tap node 4 is formed.
  • the voltage tap node 4 is connected to an inverting input of a comparator 5.
  • Another input of the comparator 5 is provided with reference numeral 6, non-inverting and designed to supply a reference threshold V c .
  • the output of the comparator 5 is connected to the control input of an associated transistor 7.
  • Transistor 7 may be a MOSFET or bipolar transistor.
  • the controlled path of the transistor 7 is connected between a common signal line 8 and a reference potential terminal 9.
  • the signal line 8 is connected to a feedback input of a DC voltage regulator 10 for driving it.
  • the DC voltage regulator 10 has an input 11 for supplying an input voltage and an output 12 for providing a supply voltage VDD as a function of the input voltage and the level of the common signal line 8. This output 12 of the DC regulator 10 is connected to another terminal 2 'of the terminal for connection connected to the electrical load 3.
  • the signal UV of the common signal line controls the supply voltage VDD. If one of the current sources 1, 20, 21 has too low a voltage (a voltage below the comparison potential V c ), the line 8 is pulled slightly downward with respect to the voltage UV. Thus, the voltage at the feedback input of the DC regulator 10 is pulled down. This is compensated by the DC voltage controller 10 in that the voltage VDD at the output 12 is increased. The voltage VDD at the output is increased until the correct voltage UV is present at the feedback input.
  • the DC voltage regulator 10 may be any adjustable DC / DC converter. This serves to control the loads 3, 13, 23 with high efficiency.
  • the voltage regulator 10 may be an inductive buck, boost, buck / boost regulator or a capacitive charge pump or a simple series regulator.
  • the circuit according to FIG. 1 has a simple circuit structure, which can be implemented in particular in integrated circuit technology with low space requirement.
  • the circuit can be easily extended, cascaded and configured with additional branches. Any number of power sources can be added, requiring no additional circuitry.
  • An advantageous feature of the circuit FIG. 1 it is that only one line, namely the common signal line 8, is required to couple the individual power source branches together.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a current source arrangement according to the proposed principle, with the circuit according to FIG. 1 in the components used and their advantageous interconnection largely coincide.
  • the electrical loads 3, 13, 23 are at FIG. 2 each as a series connection of a plurality of light-emitting diodes, LEDs 30, 31; 32, 33; 34, 35 executed.
  • the current sources 1, 20, 21 are at FIG. 2 each with a current source transistor 36 executed whose controlled path between the respective tap nodes 4, 14, 24 and each connected to a reference potential resistor 37 connected.
  • the control input of the current source transistor 36 is connected to the output of a differential amplifier 38 having two inputs. One input is formed as a terminal for supplying a reference threshold, while the other input is connected to the load terminal of the transistor 36, which is connected to the resistor 37.
  • the DC voltage regulator 10 is at FIG. 2 for clarity not shown.
  • the power source 36, 37, 38 according to FIG. 2 particularly advantageous in terms of stability and adjustability.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a DC-DC converter for use in the circuits according to Figures 1 or 2 ,
  • the actual DC / DC converter 39 has an input 40 for supplying an input voltage which drops towards reference potential 41.
  • the supply voltage VDD is provided at the output 42.
  • the common signal line 8 is not directly connected to the feedback input 43 of the DC-DC converter. Rather, a low-pass filter, comprising a series resistor 44 and a downstream capacitance 45 connected to reference potential. This low-pass filter 44, 45 is connected via a coupling resistor 46 to the actual feedback input 43.
  • a voltage divider 49 is provided which comprises a first resistor 47 and a second resistor 48. The first resistor 47 is connected between the output 42 and the feedback input 43.
  • the second resistor 48 is connected between the feedback input 43 and a reference potential terminal.
  • the resistors 47, 48 have resistance values R1, R2.
  • the resistor 44 of the low-pass filter has the resistance R4.
  • the capacity 45 of the low-pass filter has the capacitance value C1.
  • the coupling resistor 46 has the resistance value R3.
  • the low-pass filter comprising the components 44, 45 is used. These form the dominant pole in the transfer function of the control loop.
  • the minimum output voltage VDD MIN at the output 42 is set by the ratio of the resistance values R1, R2.
  • the maximum output voltage VDD MAX at the output 42 is set by the values of the resistors R1 to R4.
  • Vref is the voltage at node 43 that the DC / DC converter keeps constant.
  • VDD MIN Vref ⁇ R 1 + R 2 R 2
  • VDD MAX Vref ⁇ R 1 + R 2
  • one of the LED chains 30, 31; 32, 33; 34, 35 breaks, whereby the return voltage UV is forced to reference potential, yet the supply voltage VDD remains within the predetermined limits VDD MIN and VDD MAX .
  • FIG. 4 shows another development of the circuit of Figure 2. This corresponds to that largely in structure and advantageous interconnection and will not be described at this point again.
  • the current branches each comprising a current source, a comparator and a transistor, are included FIG. 4 each exemplified in pairs on common monolithic integrated chips 50, 51, 52 formed.
  • a common signal line 8 can be provided. There are no additional circuits needed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a development of the circuit of FIG. 4 in which the proposed principle is combined with the principle of selecting a minimum voltage.
  • a minimum selection circuit 53, 54, 55 is provided on each of the chips 50 ', 51', 52 ', whose inputs are connected to the tap nodes of all branches on the respective chip.
  • the output of the minimum selector 53, 54, 55 is connected to a common comparator 56, 57, 58 on each chip, whose output in turn drives a common transistor 59, 60, 61 on each chip.
  • a load terminal of this transistor 59, 60, 61 is in turn connected to a common signal line 8 all chips 50 ', 51', 52 '.
  • the flexibility can be further increased. Channels based on the selection of a minimum voltage can be arbitrarily combined with the proposed principle.
  • FIG. 6 shows another development of the circuit of Figure 4 by way of example.
  • the chips 50 ", 51", 52 "in this example each have three branches, each comprising a current source, a comparator and a transistor connected thereto
  • Each of the chips 50 'to 52' is designed to drive different types of electrical loads, namely by way of example red diodes 62r, blue diodes 62b and green diodes 62g, those branches which are designed to drive the red LEDs 62r are connected to a first common signal line 8r, while those branches which are designed to drive the blue diodes 62b are Those branches which are designed to drive the green LEDs 62g are connected to a third common signal line 8g, and the red, blue and green diodes 62r, 62b and 62g are supply voltage side to each one associated supply voltage line, different for each type , connected to the management of different supply voltages VDDB, VDDR, VDDG.
  • FIG. 7 shows the embodiment of the comparator 5 with downstream transistor 7 according to F iguren 1, 2 and 4 to 6 ,
  • this combination of comparator and transistor can in the Figures 1, 2 and 4 to 6 also for example an arrangement according to FIG. 8, 9 or 10 to be on.
  • the comparator which is designed as an OTA (operational transconductance amplifier - transconductance amplifier) 64 with a downstream current mirror 65, whose output transistor is connected to the transistor 7 of FIG. 7 corresponds, in particular by the small chip area requirement.
  • OTA operational transconductance amplifier - transconductance amplifier
  • FIG. 9 shows a development of the circuit of FIG. 8 , but also with an OTA 64 and a current mirror 65. However, additional current mirrors 69, 70, 71 are provided to couple them together, resulting in an improved gain and drive capability for the output transistor 72. In order to increase the gain, the transistor 65 may optionally be removed - as in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 ,
  • the voltage tap may also be provided at the control input of the current source transistor 36, instead of at the load terminal of the current source transistor 36.
  • the circuit after FIG. 10 is thus also an alternative to the training of power sources FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6 ,
  • the sensing of the voltage at the gate of the current source transistor as a tap node has the advantage that the gate voltage This transistor is monitored and within a predetermined limited range, namely limited by the reference voltage Vg at the input of the comparator 5. This is particularly in view of manufacturing variations of the current source transistors advantageous. It should be noted that the inputs of the comparator 5 must be replaced. All circuits according to Fig. 7 to 10 may as shown in field effect transistor technology, e.g. B. as MOSFETs, or alternatively be executed in bipolar technology.
  • the proposed principle is particularly advantageous for driving LED arrays in RGB or single colors.
  • the principle can be used in the following fields of application, namely general lighting, rear-side lighting of liquid crystal displays, LCD RGB screens and any lighting application in which multiple strands are used, each comprising series connections of light-emitting diodes.

Claims (19)

  1. Système de source de courant comprenant
    - une source (1) de courant,
    - un moyen (2) de raccordement d'une charge (3) électrique,qui est relié à la source (1) de courant,
    - un noeud (4) de prélèvement de tension couplé au moyen (2) de raccordement d'une charge électrique,
    - un comparateur (5) ayant une première entrée qui est reliée au noeud (4) de prélèvement de tension et une deuxième entrée conçue pour amener un seuil (Vc) de référence,
    - un transistor (7) qui est relié du côté commande, à une sortie du comparateur (5) et qui est relié, du côté charge, à une ligne (8) de signal,
    - un régulateur (10) de tension continue, ayant une entrée (11) d'amenée d'une tension d'entrée, une sortie (12) qui est reliée à un deuxième moyen (2') de raccordement de la charge électrique et une entrée de retour qui est reliée à la ligne (8) de signal.
  2. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par
    - au moins une autre source (20) de courant,
    - au moins un autre moyen de raccordement d'une charge (13) électrique, qui est relié à la au moins une autre source (20) de courant,
    - au moins un autre noeud (14) de prélèvement de tension couplé au au moins un autre moyen de raccordement d'une charge (13) électrique,
    - au moins un autre comparateur (15) ayant une première entrée qui est reliée au au moins un autre noeud (14) de prélèvement de tension, et une deuxième entrée conçue pour amener au moins un autre seuil de référence,
    - au moins un autre transistor (17) qui est relié, du côté commande, à une sortie du au moins un autre comparateur (15) et qui est relié, du côté charge, à la ligne (8) de signal constituée en ligne de signal commune.
  3. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le seuil de référence et l'autre seuil de référence sont égaux.
  4. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la charge électrique comprend au moins une diode (30) luminense.
  5. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la charge électrique comprend un circuit série de plusieurs diodes (30, 31) luminenses.
  6. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    il est monté un moyen (53) pour appliquer une plus basse d'au moins deux tensions d'entrée entre au moins deux noeuds de prélèvement de tension couplés à respectivement une source de courant associée et à respectivement un moyen associé de raccordement d'une charge électrique et la première entrée du comparateur (56).
  7. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    il est prévu une limite (8, 9) de signal commune pour des types différents de charges (62, 63) électriques.
  8. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la source de courant comprend un transistor (36) de source de courant.
  9. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le noeud de prélèvement de tension est couplé au moyen de raccordement d'une charge électrique par le fait que le noeud de prélèvement de tension est formé sur une borne de commande du transistor (36) de source de courant, la section commandée du transistor (36) de source de courant étant formée suivant un trajet de courant commun avec le moyen (2) de raccordement de la charge électrique.
  10. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le transistor (36) de source de courant est monté par sa section commandée entre le moyen (2) de raccordement de la charge électrique et une résistance (37) montée sur une borne de potentiel de référence,
    - un amplificateur (38) différentiel est relié par sa sortie à l'entrée de commande du transistor (36) de source de courant,
    - une première entrée de l'amplificateur (38) différentiel est constituée pour amener une tension de référence,
    - une deuxième entrée de l'amplificateur (38) différentiel est reliée à la borne côté potentiel de référence de la section commandée du transistor (36) de source de courant.
  11. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le comparateur (5) comprend un amplificateur (64) ayant une amplification finie.
  12. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le comparateur (5) comprend un miroir (65) de courant, dont le transistor d'entrée est relié à une sortie de l'amplificateur (64), le transistor du système de source de courant, qui est relié du côté charge à la ligne (8) de signal, étant le transistor de sortie du miroir (65) de courant.
  13. Système de source de courant suivant la revendication 11 ou 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la sortie de l'amplificateur opérationnel est une sortie dissymétrique, et en ce qu'il est prévu des miroirs (69, 70, 71) de courant qui relient un étage (64) différentiel de l'amplificateur opérationnel à la sortie dissymétrique.
  14. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une charge (3) électrique est raccordée aux moyens (2, 2') de raccordement de la charge électrique.
  15. Système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système de source de courant est intégré monolithiquement dans une technique de circuit à semiconducteur.
  16. Utilisation d'un système de source de courant ou de plusieurs systèmes de sources de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 15,
    pour alimenter en courant des diodes (62, 63) luminenses disposées sous forme de matrices d'un dispositif d'affichage.
  17. Utilisation de respectivement au moins un système de source de courant suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 15,
    pour l'alimentation en courant de diodes (62r, 62b, 62g) luminenses de respectivement un type de couleur dans un dispositif d'affichage.
  18. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une charge électrique, caractérisé par les stades suivants dans lesquels :
    - on se procure un courant d'alimentation de la charge (3) électrique par une source (1) de courant,
    - on prélève une tension chutant aux bornes de la charge (3) électrique et/ou de la source (1) de courant ou une tension qui en dérive,
    - on compare la tension ainsi déterminée à un seuil (Vc) de référence,
    - on commande une ligne (8) de signal au moyen d'un transistor (7) en fonction de la comparaison,
    - on se procure une tension (VDD) d'alimentation de la charge (3) électrique en fonction d'une tension d'entrée et d'un signal sur la ligne (8) de signal.
  19. Procédé suivant la revendication 18,
    caractérisé par les stades suivants dans lesquels :
    - on se procure un autre courant d'alimentation d'une autre charge (13) électrique par une autre source (20) de courant,
    - on prélève une tension chutant aux bornes de l'autre charge (13) électrique et/ou de l'autre source (20) de courant ou qui en dérive,
    - on compare la tension ainsi déterminée à un autre seuil de référence,
    - on commande la ligne (8) de signal réalisée en tant que ligne de signal commune au moyen d'un autre transistor (17) en fonction de la comparaison,
    - on se procure la tension (VDD) d'alimentation de la charge (3) électrique et de l'autre charge (13) électrique en fonction de la tension d'entrée et du signal sur la ligne (8) de signal commune.
EP06743161A 2005-06-20 2006-06-14 Systeme de source de courant et procede pour faire fonctionner une charge electrique Expired - Fee Related EP1894300B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005028403A DE102005028403B4 (de) 2005-06-20 2005-06-20 Stromquellenanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Last
PCT/EP2006/005749 WO2006136321A1 (fr) 2005-06-20 2006-06-14 Systeme de source de courant et procede pour faire fonctionner une charge electrique

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EP1894300A1 EP1894300A1 (fr) 2008-03-05
EP1894300B1 true EP1894300B1 (fr) 2008-10-01

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US (1) US8063585B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1894300B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4955672B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR101159931B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202005021665U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006136321A1 (fr)

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KR20100018074A (ko) 2010-02-16
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KR101159931B1 (ko) 2012-06-25
DE202005021665U1 (de) 2009-04-02
KR100989021B1 (ko) 2010-10-20
US8063585B2 (en) 2011-11-22
DE102005028403B4 (de) 2013-11-21
EP1894300A1 (fr) 2008-03-05
JP2008547368A (ja) 2008-12-25
KR20080032090A (ko) 2008-04-14
WO2006136321A1 (fr) 2006-12-28

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