EP1843874B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum reinigen, aktivieren oder vorbehandeln von werkstücken mittels kohlendioxidschnee-strahlen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum reinigen, aktivieren oder vorbehandeln von werkstücken mittels kohlendioxidschnee-strahlen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1843874B1
EP1843874B1 EP05822749A EP05822749A EP1843874B1 EP 1843874 B1 EP1843874 B1 EP 1843874B1 EP 05822749 A EP05822749 A EP 05822749A EP 05822749 A EP05822749 A EP 05822749A EP 1843874 B1 EP1843874 B1 EP 1843874B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
mixing chamber
gas
blasting
chamber
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP05822749A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1843874A1 (de
Inventor
Felix Elbing
Raphael Rotstein
Marc Knackstedt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cryosnow GmbH
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Cryosnow GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1843874A1 publication Critical patent/EP1843874A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cleaning, activating or pretreating workpieces by means of carbon dioxide snow produced from pressurized CO2 fluids and at least one carrier pressure gas, accelerated by an outlet nozzle, wherein a two-phase carbon dioxide mixture consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles in a Agglomeration caused by agglomeration and compression of carbon dioxide snow crystals and the carrier gas is mixed.
  • the document US-A 4962891 describes a device for producing a mixture of CO2 particles and CO2 gas from liquid CO2 and accelerating them to high speeds through a narrow slot nozzle for removing contaminants from a substrate material such as optical apparatus or wafers.
  • a narrow slot nozzle for removing contaminants from a substrate material such as optical apparatus or wafers.
  • the surface to be cleaned may only be subjected to a low energy density.
  • the document US-A 5405283 describes a method and apparatus for cooling low pressure compressed air with nitrogen and passing the resulting gas into a chamber along with expanded CO2 fluid. Via a jet nozzle with convergent and divergent section for transporting, mixing and accelerating the CO2 particles at supersonic speed, the gas mixture is directed to substrates with strongly adhering impurities for cleaning.
  • a jet sweep and a spray device for cleaning surfaces are described.
  • an additional abrasive blasting agent or a liquid from a pressure source to a Strahimedium with a blasting agent, such as dry ice are dosed. It should be achieved with the arrangement a high beam power and / or a wide fanning of the beam.
  • WO00 / 74897 A1 is a jet tool for generating a beam of CO2 snow with a first nozzle and a second nozzle for generating a support beam, which encloses the first beam described. At the nozzle exit of the first nozzle, the phase transformation takes place from liquid CO2.
  • a blasting method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces will be described.
  • pressurized CO2 gas is converted in a relaxation space in dry snow or liquid CO2, partly in dry ice particles, and fed at an acute angle to the jet pipe
  • the carrier gas stream acts as an injector.
  • the carrier gas volume or the liquid CO2 can be metered by throttle valves; the jet mixture is then directed, preferably at the speed of sound, via the Laval nozzle onto the substrate to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning effect should be increased by supplying water drops and / or ice pellets.
  • the invention is based on the problem of providing a method and a device for cleaning by means of carbon dioxide snow blasting, with low investment and operating costs and without damaging the processed substrate surfaces high beam powers, measured as a surface effect per Time unit during cleaning / pretreatment / activation of Surfaces, is possible.
  • the technology in continuous operation should be automated with low logistics costs.
  • the first solution comprises a method for cleaning, activating or pretreating workpieces by means of carbon dioxide snow jets generated from pressurized CO2 fluids and at least one carrier pressurized gas expelled through an outlet nozzle, wherein a two-phase carbon dioxide mixture consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles in an agglomeration chamber Agglomeration and compression of carbon dioxide snow crystals produced and mixed with the carrier gas, via a metering of a mixing chamber, in which a centric gas flow of carrier gas flows supplied, the gas flow metered radially from the outside, turbulent mixing, accelerated in an outlet nozzle with the mixed turbulent gas and is directed to a workpiece.
  • the admixing should preferably take place in a three-stage mixing chamber, wherein in the first region of the mixing chamber the two-phase carbon dioxide mixture flows uniformly around a jet pipe projecting into the mixing chamber, in the second region of the mixing chamber the gas flow flowing from the jet pipe into the mixing chamber, and in the third region the mixing chamber is turbulently mixed.
  • turbulence formation can be promoted in the middle or rear region by means of specifically predeterminable geometry of the inner wall of the mixing chamber, by directing the CO.sub.2 mixture into the flow of the jet pipe.
  • the process usually proceeds with a gas flow, which is set when entering the mixing chamber to a temperature of 10 ° C to 40 ° C; This is easily achieved in compressed air generation.
  • the gas flow can be adjusted to a temperature greater than 50 ° C when entering the mixing chamber, for example by arranging a heater on the jet pipe. This makes it possible to obtain condensate water neither at the outlet nozzle nor at the workpiece to be machined. Due to the resulting higher average temperature or the temperature spread between carrier gas and CO2 mixture, the cleaning shock on the workpiece is greater. Experiments have shown improved cleaning as a result.
  • the mixing effect of the gases and the stabilization of the gas stream can be supported according to the invention, if the components to be mixed a swirl / helical rotation is impressed by corresponding internals in the device.
  • the process becomes more energy-rich if liquid droplets, preferably water droplets, are supplied to the gas flow or to the mixing chamber according to the invention.
  • the process is supported in the agglomeration of the CO2 when the two-phase carbon dioxide mixture consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles in the agglomeration chamber before the metering from the outside, preferably with liquid nitrogen, is cooled.
  • inert liquid nitrogen is added.
  • the second solution comprises a device for cleaning, activating or pretreating workpieces by means of carbon dioxide snow blasting, in particular for carrying out the method described, comprising a jet device with controllable feeders and pressure sources for carrier gas and carbon dioxide fluid, an agglomeration chamber for the production of carbon dioxide snow crystals and a Mixing device for the carrier gas and carbon dioxide and outlet nozzle arranged behind it, in which the carrier gas supply device is designed as a jet pipe protruding into the mixing device, the agglomeration chamber for agglomeration and compression of carbon dioxide snow crystals in a two-phase carbon dioxide mixture has a metering opening which opens into an annular space, the mixing device as a multi-part mixing chamber is formed at one end with an annular space and at the other end has an outlet opening, which opens into the outlet nozzle.
  • the mixing chamber can have a constriction or internals in the rear part regions for enhancing the turbulence of the gas streams.
  • the agglomeration chamber may preferably be formed as a tube with inner ribs, wherein the inner ribs of the agglomeration chamber in the flow direction of the carbon dioxide CO2 (arrow) are linear or arranged in the form of a helix on the inner circumference of the tube. This can increase the formation of CO2 snow.
  • the outlet nozzle will usually be a Laval nozzle, but according to the invention, other shapes with flat cross-section or circular or annular outlet applicable and their application according to the requirements of the workpiece offered, depending on whether large areas or holes, ribs, grooves or the like are to be cleaned.
  • the limits of - according to previous practical experiments - useful usable nozzles with good results are determined in the dependent claims.
  • the carbon dioxide particles are generated in an agglomeration chamber of carbon dioxide snow crystals by agglomeration and compression processes.
  • This type of production of carbon dioxide particles compared to the prior art significantly higher beam performance in cleaning, pretreatment and activation of surfaces.
  • the technology can be automated in continuous operation and operated with low logistics costs.
  • the parameters pressure, volume flow and / or temperature of the fluids used in the method are sensed by a computer by means of sensors and detected and controlled after adjustment with predetermined or calculated setpoints.
  • a relative movement of the outlet nozzle to the workpiece to be machined can also be regulated by means of computers, and thus any workpieces can be sensed for position and orientation, and the surface to be treated can be swept over by the blasting device.
  • a control computer For the automation, a control computer is used, which accesses a pneumatic control via electrical actuators. The process and adjustment parameters are detected by means of sensors and fed to the control computer as electrical signals.
  • the primary control of the carbon dioxide snow jet or the device is purely pneumatic, so that the method can be used without electrical connection.
  • pneumatic components are significantly less susceptible to interference and maintenance compared to electrical ones.
  • the cleaning and pretreatment process for carbon dioxide snow blasting can be used industrially for the automated cleaning of plastic components before painting processes.
  • the aim is to completely clean the plastic surfaces before painting, ie in particular the removal of fats, oils, release agents, fingerprints, dust particles and sanding dust.
  • the carrier gas used was particle, oil and water-free compressed air, which was generated by a screw compressor and then processed.
  • the carbon dioxide supply was via a low-pressure tank.
  • the setting parameters for the jet pressure of the compressed air were between 2 bar and 6 bar at a volume flow between 2 m 3 / min and 6 m 3 / min and for the pressure of the carbon dioxide between 18 bar and 22 bar.
  • a round or flat nozzle is used.
  • the nozzle was guided over the component to be cleaned with the aid of a six-axis industrial robot.
  • a computer was used to control the system parameters, in this case pressures and volume flows of compressed air and CO2, as well as the speed of the relative movement of the blasting device and its position relative to the workpiece surface to be machined.
  • the consumption of carbon dioxide is dependent on the nozzle used and the amount or adhesive force of the impurities of the plastic surface and is between 0.2 kg / min and 1.0 kg / min.
  • the feed rate of the jet nozzle is between 200 mm / s and 600 mm / s. If a flat nozzle with a jet width of 80mm is used, a surface between 1 m 2 / min and 3 m 2 / min can be cleaned. The surface cleanliness analysis after cleaning was performed optically with a light microscope and a wipe test. In addition, analyzes of the directly applied paint system were carried out.
  • Cleaning large injection molds which may have a surface area of 1 m 2 to 8 m 2 , requires the removal of baked-on, highly adhesive release agent residues from these tool surfaces. It is compressed air with a jet pressure of 8 bar to 10 bar at a volume flow of 6 to 8 m 3 / min generated by a screw compressor.
  • the carbon dioxide supply is carried out by means of riser bottles, preferably arranged in a bottle bundle. The pressure of the carbon dioxide is between 40 bar and 60 bar.
  • the cleaning device is manually guided over the tool surface to be cleaned. Depending on the adhesive force and the amount of impurities on the mold surface, the cleaning performance is between 0.2 m 2 / min and 1.0 m 2 / min.
  • the carbon dioxide consumption when using a round nozzle with a beam diameter of 20 mm was 1 kg / min.
  • the beam energy was varied on the one hand by deliberately introducing water droplets into the mixing chamber.
  • a control of the jet velocity in the range of 100 m / s to 300 m / s has proven to be favorable.
  • the cleanliness of the mold surface is improved, thereby improving the quality of the molded parts in the mold at the surface thereof.
  • Fig. 1 shows the apparatus for carbon dioxide snow blasting.
  • a gas flow 2 is passed via the gas supply line 3 and a jet pipe 4 projecting into the mixing chamber 1.
  • the gas flow is clean air generated by a compressor 5.
  • inert gas such as nitrogen, which is taken from a pressure tank 6, find application.
  • an agglomeration chamber 8 for CO2 snow particles Arranged transversely to the jet pipe 4 and the mixing chamber 1 is an agglomeration chamber 8 for CO2 snow particles, which encloses the jet pipe 4 on its outlet side.
  • a non-illustrated valve CO2 (arrow) is passed in liquid form from a tank, not shown in the agglomeration chamber 8 and relaxed there.
  • a two-phase carbon dioxide mixture 9 consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles of the mixing chamber 1 is supplied.
  • the two-phase carbon dioxide mixture flows around the jet pipe 4 of the gas supply line 3 projecting into the mixing chamber 1 and is radially metered into the gas flow 2 in a second region 11 of the mixing chamber 1.
  • a turbulent mixing of two-phase carbon dioxide mixture 9 consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles takes place with the gas flow 2.
  • a mixed gas flow with carbon dioxide particles flows into an outlet nozzle 14 and is accelerated there. From the nozzle opening 15 exits a carbon dioxide snow jet 16, which can be used for cleaning or pretreating or activating a workpiece surface 17.
  • Control via computer is not explicitly shown; preferred is a pneumatic control, wherein sensors and actuators are attached to all in the following also in detail to be supplemented functional units.
  • sensors and actuators are attached to all in the following also in detail to be supplemented functional units.
  • the device at least as a basic unit, for small-area applications also be designed as a portable "backpack device" for manual applications.
  • a heater 19 with temperature sensor is integrated in the Gaszu slaughter Plant Extract 3 in front of the projecting into the mixing chamber 1 piece of pipe 4.
  • pretreatment and / or activation are directly into the mixing chamber, preferably in the first region 10 and second region 11 of the mixing chamber 1, water droplets and / or corrosion inhibiting substances, preferably Phosphates, and / or solid abrasive particles introduced via a feed system 22
  • the biphasic carbon dioxide mixture consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles 9 before the supply via the Dosing 7 cooled in the mixing chamber 1 from the outside with a cooling system 24 with thermosensor with liquid nitrogen from the reservoir 25.
  • Another possibility for cooling is the direct metering of liquid nitrogen into the two-phase carbon dioxide mixture consisting of carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide particles 9 before being fed via the metering opening 7 into the mixing chamber 1 via a nitrogen metering system 26.
  • the inner fin 27 serves in the agglomeration chamber 8 as an aid to increased snow formation and leads that the carbon dioxide snow crystals aggregate into larger and denser carbon dioxide particles 9.
  • the inner fins of the chamber designed as a finned tube extend in the direction of flow of the CO 2 (arrow) flowing liquid from a source, which of course is in all embodiments of the device via a nozzle (not shown) with a predeterminable or adjustable cross section.
  • the jet power can be additionally increased if the inner ribs 27 of the inner fin tube are formed in the form of a helix on the inner circumference of the chamber 8.
  • Fig. 2 shows some embodiments A, B, C, D for the nozzle 14, from the nozzle opening 15 of the carbon dioxide snow jet 16 exits and can be used to clean, pretreat and activate a workpiece surface 17.
  • a Laval nozzle 28 having a convergent portion 29, a cylindrical portion 30 and a divergent portion 31 can be used as the nozzle 14.
  • the geometry of the exit cross section corresponds to a circle 32.
  • Fig. 2B The device for carbon dioxide snow blasting offers the possibility, depending on the application, of round nozzles 33 with an outlet cross-sectional area of the geometry of a circle 34.
  • Fig. 2C / 2D Flat nozzles 35 with an exit cross-sectional area of the geometry of a rectangle 36 or an ellipse 37, but also ring nozzles 38 with flow fixtures 39 and an exit cross-sectional area of the geometry of a circular ring 40.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
EP05822749A 2005-02-05 2005-11-28 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum reinigen, aktivieren oder vorbehandeln von werkstücken mittels kohlendioxidschnee-strahlen Active EP1843874B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005005638A DE102005005638B3 (de) 2005-02-05 2005-02-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen, Aktivieren oder Vorbehandeln von Werkstücken mittels Kohlendioxidschnee-Strahlen
PCT/EP2005/012866 WO2006081856A1 (de) 2005-02-05 2005-11-28 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum reinigen, aktivieren oder vorbehandeln von werkstücken mittels kohlendioxidschnee-strahlen

Publications (2)

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EP1843874A1 EP1843874A1 (de) 2007-10-17
EP1843874B1 true EP1843874B1 (de) 2013-02-27

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Country Status (8)

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US (1) US7967664B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1843874B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4939439B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101124065B (zh)
CA (1) CA2597005C (zh)
DE (1) DE102005005638B3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2409161T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006081856A1 (zh)

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US20080092923A1 (en) 2008-04-24
ES2409161T3 (es) 2013-06-25
DE102005005638B3 (de) 2006-02-09
EP1843874A1 (de) 2007-10-17
CA2597005A1 (en) 2006-08-10
WO2006081856A1 (de) 2006-08-10
CN101124065A (zh) 2008-02-13
JP4939439B2 (ja) 2012-05-23
JP2008529760A (ja) 2008-08-07
US7967664B2 (en) 2011-06-28
CN101124065B (zh) 2012-01-04
CA2597005C (en) 2013-05-07

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