EP1756007A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von titandioxid nach dem sulfatverfahren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von titandioxid nach dem sulfatverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1756007A1 EP1756007A1 EP05751718A EP05751718A EP1756007A1 EP 1756007 A1 EP1756007 A1 EP 1756007A1 EP 05751718 A EP05751718 A EP 05751718A EP 05751718 A EP05751718 A EP 05751718A EP 1756007 A1 EP1756007 A1 EP 1756007A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- gas
- titanium
- solution
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
- C01G23/0532—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts by hydrolysing sulfate-containing salts
Definitions
- the invention is directed to a process for the production of titanium dioxide by the sulfate process, in which a titanium-containing starting material is mixed with sulfuric acid to form a reaction mixture and this reaction mixture is converted into a solid reaction mass in a first digestion step by adding at least one further reactant as a digestion reaction mixture and this solid reaction mass, after passing through a maturation phase, is processed as a second digestion step in a third digestion step, possibly with a subsequent solid separation, to form a solution, the so-called black solution, from which titanium dioxide is then obtained in further process steps, in at least one of the three treatment steps a gassing medium, in particular an oxygen-containing and / or nitrogen-containing gas or gas mixture, is introduced into the respective mixture, mass or solution.
- a gassing medium in particular an oxygen-containing and / or nitrogen-containing gas or gas mixture
- Either the titanium-containing ore (llmenite or titanium slag) is mixed with a sulfuric acid at a concentration of approx. 65 to 80% by weight to the reaction mixture and then in a first digestion step the digestion reaction is then carried out by adding fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) as a further reactant started to the reaction mixture and the resulting heat of reaction.
- the titanium-containing ore (llmenite or titanium slag) is mixed with a sulfuric acid at a concentration of approx. 86 to 96% by weight to the reaction mixture and then in a first digestion step the digestion reaction by adding water or dilute sulfuric acid as a further reactant the reaction mixture and the resulting heat of reaction is triggered. It is also possible to initiate reaction by supplying heating energy.
- the temperature of the particular digestion reaction mixture rises rapidly to approximately 180 to 220 ° C. and generally forms a solid digestion cake as a solid reaction mass.
- the temperature slowly drops to approximately 150 ° C.
- the solid reaction mass is then dissolved in a third digestion step in dilute sulfuric acid and / or water to give a solution or suspension, the so-called solids-containing black solution, which is initially still solids, and this reaction mass mixture in a subsequent spreading stage, which, if necessary, separates solids in the form of sedimentation and / or filtration, processed into a solids-free solution or digestion solution, the so-called solids-free black solution.
- Titanium dioxide in particular as a pigment, is then obtained from the black solution in subsequent, further process steps and stages.
- air is introduced into the respective mixture, mass or solution.
- the air volumes that are blown in or introduced are optimized with regard to the desired effect (such as improving the mixing to increase the yield or reducing the dissolving time), so that a simple reduction in the air volume is not sensible.
- a substitution of the blowing in of air with other process engineering methods, such as stirring, is possible in principle, but is extremely complex due to the process.
- the black solution has a different composition. If llmenite is used as the titanium-containing raw material, the black solution obtained contains trivalent iron (Fe 3+ ) and almost no trivalent titanium (Ti 3+ ), but almost exclusively tetravalent titanium (Ti 4+ ). The content of these substances essentially depends on the composition of the llmenite and to a lesser extent on the process conditions. In a subsequent process step, the trivalent iron (Fe 3+ ) is processed together with the titanium components in the course of hydrolysis.
- the lowest possible amount of trivalent iron (Fe 3+ ) is desired, since then iron is incorporated into the titanium dioxide matrix during the hydrolysis or in a subsequent filtration and washing step is largely avoided. For this reason it will Process designed in such a way that on the one hand the trivalent iron is converted into divalent iron (Fe 2+ ) by reduction. This is achieved, for example, by reducing the trivalent iron to divalent iron using metallic iron, preferably scrap iron. On the other hand, care is taken to ensure that the black solution has at least a small proportion of trivalent titanium (Ti 3+ ), which is obtained by reducing a small proportion of the tetravalent titanium (Ti 4+ ).
- a too high content of trivalent titanium leads to loss of yield during the hydrolysis, a too low content for the undesirable incorporation of iron into the titanium dioxide matrix during the hydrolysis or in the subsequent filtration and washing step.
- built-in iron causes undesirable optical properties in pigments made from the titanium dioxide matrix (titanium oxide hydrate).
- the advantage of this method of being able to use the inexpensive raw material llmenit is offset by the disadvantages of the additional method step of reducing the trivalent iron to divalent iron by means of metallic iron and the costs for the metallic iron.
- the possible proportion of the less expensive raw material llmenite is thus limited by the reduction potential of the trivalent titanium contained in the black solution obtained from the titanium slag.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a solution which makes it possible to obtain a black solution with an increased proportion / content of trivalent titanium (Ti 3+ ) in the form of titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag in the case of titanium-containing starting material.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that in the first and / or second and / or third digestion step, an inert gas or inert gas mixture or a gas or a gas mixture with a lower oxidation potential than air, in particular an oxygen-containing one, as the gassing medium and / or nitrogen-containing gas or gas mixture, introduced into the respective mixture, mass or solution, is preferably blown in, which has a lower proportion of oxygen than air, in particular an oxygen proportion of less than 22% by weight of oxygen, preferably less than 17% by weight of oxygen.
- the titanium-containing starting material on which the digestion reaction is to be carried out preferably consists of titanium slag or a mixture of titanium slag and other titanium-containing ores, this mixture also being able to contain llmenite or ore residues from the digestion reaction.
- a digestion reaction with pure llmenite as the titanium-containing starting material is caused by the oxygen content of the gas or the blown-in gas mixture under normal conditions with regard to the Fe 2+ / Fe 3+ composition, however, was not significantly influenced.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out on an industrial scale without any problems in existing plants for carrying out the extraction and production of titanium dioxide using the sulfate process, since all the existing and essential units are still used and the fumigation containers (instead of air) have a reduced fumigation medium (gas or gas mixture) with respect to their oxygen content in the digestion stage and / or the preparation stage, that is to say in the first and / or second and / or third digestion step.
- a reduced fumigation medium gas or gas mixture
- the gassing in the digestion stage and / or the preparation stage can be carried out in such a way that the gas or gas mixture with the oxygen content reduced according to the invention is blown into the digestion reaction mixture before and during the course of the digestion reaction (first digestion step) instead of air.
- the gassing medium can consist of an inert gas, an inert gas mixture, a gas or gas mixture with a lower oxidation potential than air, a mixture of air and nitrogen, only nitrogen, but also sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), flue gas or carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). It is important that the fumigation medium has an oxygen content that is lower than that of air. For example, an oxygen fraction may not be present at all, ie the gassing medium may have an oxygen fraction of 0% by weight or 0% by volume.
- the proportion of oxygen in the gassing medium should be less than 22 percent by weight (abbreviated as% by weight) of oxygen or less than 20 percent by volume (abbreviated as% by volume) of oxygen and preferably less than 17% by weight of oxygen or 15% by volume of oxygen be.
- the process according to the invention can then be used in a black solution obtained from titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag as the titanium-containing starting material, and contents of trivalent titanium of 20 to 25 g / kg Ti 3+ eff. to reach.
- the invention provides that a gas or gas mixture is introduced which has a mass-based oxygen / residual gas ratio, in particular an oxygen / nitrogen ratio, of less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.17.
- the gas or gas mixture consists of more than 80% by weight of reducing or inert components, which the invention further provides.
- the invention is also characterized in that pure nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen and air is used as the gas or gas mixture.
- the nitrogen content of the gas or gas mixture is more than 83% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight ,
- the use of flue gas or process gas present in chemical plants is also favorable, so that the invention is also distinguished by the fact that a flue gas or process gas with a gas or gas mixture containing reduced oxygen content is used as the fumigation medium.
- the invention is further characterized in that titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag is used as the titanium-containing starting material.
- the titanium-containing starting material preferably consists exclusively or at least essentially exclusively of titanium slag.
- the black solution obtained according to the invention when using titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag as the titanium-containing starting material, a black solution with a higher or, compared to the prior art, higher content / proportion of trivalent titanium can be obtained, and this black solution is due to its thus increased reduction potential Excellent for mixing with a black solution made from llmenite as a titanium-containing starting material according to the sulfate process, the invention is particularly distinguished in that one of the first black solutions obtained from titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag according to the sulfate process is used to obtain the titanium dioxide llmenit is mixed with the second black solution obtained by the sulfate process.
- a mixture in the ratio of 5: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 1, particularly preferably 2: 1 is advantageous here.
- the invention therefore provides in an embodiment that the black solution obtained for obtaining the titanium dioxide with a black solution obtained from llmenite by the sulfate process in a ratio of 5: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 1, particularly preferably 2: 1 , is mixed.
- the first black solution obtained is mixed with the second black solution in such a ratio that the resulting solution has a trivalent titanium (Ti 3+ ) content of at least 0.01 g / l having.
- the invention provides that the titanium dioxide is obtained from a mixture of the first and second black solution, with a maximum of 85% by weight, preferably a maximum of 75% by weight, in particular a maximum of 50% by weight, of the total titanium dioxide obtained from the first black solution and at least 15% by weight, preferably at least 25% by weight, in particular at least 50% by weight, of the total titanium dioxide obtained from the second black solution.
- the sulfuric acid intended for mixing with the titanium-containing starting material can either be a pure sulfuric acid or also a recycled sulfuric acid of medium concentration (preferably 60 to 80%), which may contain Contains tall sulfates and is obtained by concentration of thin acid obtained in the conventional sulfate process for the production of titanium dioxide.
- the sulfuric acid is mixed with the titanium-containing starting material in such a way that the sulfuric acid content of the slurry before the addition of fuming sulfuric acid (to trigger the digestion reaction) is 50 to 85% by weight, preferably 60 to 80% by weight.
- the slurry is brought to a temperature of preferably 40 to 120 ° C, particularly preferably 50 to 80 ° C.
- fuming sulfuric acid oleum
- the digestion reaction of the slurry is started in the digestion stage.
- Smoking sulfuric acid (oleum; sulfuric acid with a calculated content of, for example, approx. 106% by weight of H 2 SO 4 ; however, it is also possible to use oleum with a higher concentration and a higher content of H 2 SO 4 than 106% by weight to be used) is added to the slurry in the shortest possible time.
- the liquid reaction mixture is mixed with an oxygen fraction of less than 20% by weight by introducing the gassing medium according to the invention.
- reaction mixture After the reaction mixture has solidified, it is left to ripen for a period of time such that preferably at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight of the titanium, calculated as titanium dioxide, have been converted into a soluble form. This period is usually 0.5 to 24 hours. A ripening time of 2 to 7 hours is particularly preferred. During this period, the reaction mixture slowly cools to a temperature of approximately 140 to 190 ° C. Even during the ripening period, the solid reaction mixture can be charged by introducing the gassing medium according to the invention, in particular with an oxygen content of less than 20% by weight. This has the advantage that air, water vapor or other undesirable gases are expelled from the reaction mixture or cannot flow back into the reactor.
- the reaction product ie the solid reaction mass or the digestion cake, is then dissolved in water, saline process water or dilute aqueous acid, particularly preferably dilute sulfuric acid. Care should be taken to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 85 ° C to avoid premature hydrolysis.
- the dissolving process is then also carried out in this preparation stage, in which the fumigation medium according to the invention is introduced, in particular with less than 20% by weight of oxygen.
- the treatment stage may also contain an associated solids separation, so that the solids-free black solution is present at the end of this stage. With titanium slag or a mixture containing titanium slag as the titanium-containing raw material, this is the first black solution.
- a second black solution which is obtained by processing a titanium-containing starting material containing llmenite by the sulfate process. Titanium dioxide is then obtained from the “new” black solution mixed from the first and second black solution in the usual known steps of the sulfate process.
- this mixture is mixed with 20 t fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) with a calculated sulfur content of 106.2% (this corresponds to 17.3 t SO 3 ) with continued introduction or blowing in of 500 m 3 nitrogen / h within 13 min ) offset.
- the reaction is exothermic. After 25 minutes the reaction mixture reaches its maximum temperature of 208 ° C.
- the reaction mixture (pulping cake) solidifies within 15 min after the maximum temperature. This is followed by maturation over a period of 7 hours in a second opening step. The temperature drops to approx. 160 ° C. A small volume flow of nitrogen is also passed through the solid reaction mixture during ripening.
- the solid reaction mixture is dissolved in a third digestion step with 7 m 3 7% sulfuric acid and 53 m 3 water.
- 500 m 3 / h of nitrogen / h are likewise introduced into the vessel / reactor from the bottom of the digestion vessel or digestion reactor.
- the so-called digestion solution is obtained.
- the degree of TiO 2 digestion is 94%.
- the content of Ti 3+ in the digestion solution or in this black solution is 22 g / kg eff. and is significantly higher than when using air as the fumigation medium. Titanium dioxide is obtained from the clarified and filtered black solution in known further process steps.
- Example 2 Fumigation with a mixture of N? and air
- a first digestion step the mixture is in the digestion reactor with continued introduction or blowing in of 500 m 3 of the mixture 20 t of oleum with a calculated sulfur content of 106.2% (this corresponds to 17.3 t of SO 3 ) were added from 20 vol.% nitrogen and 80 vol.% air per hour within 13 min.
- the reaction is exothermic. After 25 minutes the reaction mixture reaches its maximum temperature of 210 ° C.
- the reaction mixture (pulping cake) solidifies within 15 min after the maximum temperature. This is followed by maturation in a second digestion step over a period of 7 hours. The temperature drops to approx. 165 ° C.
- a small volume flow of a mixture of 20% by volume nitrogen and 80% by volume air is also passed through the solid reaction mixture.
- the reaction mixture is dissolved in a third digestion step with 7 m 3 7% sulfuric acid and 48 m 3 water and 5 m 3 diluted black solution.
- 500 m 3 of a mixture of 20% by volume nitrogen and 80% by volume air are likewise introduced from the bottom of the reactor.
- the degree of TiO 2 digestion is 94%.
- the content of Ti 3+ in the digestion solution is 12 g / kg eff. and is therefore higher when using the air / nitrogen mixture according to the invention than when using pure air.
- a comparison experiment constructed identically in all values for this example, in which pure air was used instead of the air / nitrogen mixture according to the invention, only resulted in a content of Ti 3+ in the digestion solution of 5 to 6 g / kg eff.
- Example 3 Mixing a titanium slag digestion solution with an llmenite digestion solution
- a titanium slag digestion solution obtained according to Example 2 (first black solution) with a Ti 3+ content of 12 g / kg eff. is with a llmenit digestion solution (second black solution) with a Ti 3+ content of 0 g / kg eff. mixed in such a proportion that the resulting "new" black solution has a content of 0.5 g Ti 3+ per kg of solution.
- the first digestion or black solution (titanium slag) and the second digestion or black solution (llmenite) in a volume ratio of their volume fractions of 65:35 which corresponds to a quantitative ratio of the titanium-containing starting materials (calculated as TiO 2 ) from 24 (llmenite) to 76 (titanium slag), ie 24% TiO 2 from llmenite.
- the proportion of llmenite as a titanium-containing starting material is significant borrowed higher than a mixture of exclusion solutions known from the prior art. If, on the other hand, a digestion solution with a content of 5 to 6 g / kg eff is prepared by gassing with air based on ground titanium slag.
- the ratio by volume of the volume fraction carries 80% volume fraction of titanium slag digestion solution to 20% volume fraction of llmenite. This corresponds to a quantitative ratio of the titanium-containing starting materials of 12 to 13% titanium dioxide from llmenite and 86 to 87% titanium dioxide from titanium slag.
- the proportion of llmenite is thus higher in the process according to the invention (35 parts by volume versus 20 parts by volume or 24% compared to 12 to 13% of TiO 2 from llmenite).
- 21 t of a ground ore mixture (95.5% by weight of the TiO 2 deriving from titanium slag and 4.5% by weight of the TiO 2 from llmenite) with a TiO 2 content of the ore mixture of -76% by weight and a metallic iron content of -9.8% by weight is first mixed mechanically with 22 t of a 76% saline sulfuric acid, which is obtained during the recycling of thin acid, in a mixing container and then transferred to a digestion reactor.
- This digestion reactor is mixed by blowing in or blowing pure nitrogen, which is blown in at the bottom of the reactor.
- the flow rate is 500 m 3 / h.
- This mixture is mixed with 18 t fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) with a calculated sulfur content of 106.2% (this corresponds to 15.6 t SO 3 ) with continued introduction or blowing in of 500 m 3 nitrogen / h within 13 min.
- the reaction is exothermic. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture reaches its maximum temperature of 202 ° C. The reaction mixture solidifies within 15 min after the maximum temperature. This is followed by ripening over a period of 7 hours. A small volume flow of nitrogen is also passed through the solid reaction mixture during the ripening. The temperature drops to approx. 160 ° C.
- the solid reaction mixture is dissolved with 13 m 3 7% sulfuric acid and 34.7 m 3 water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200410027639 DE102004027639A1 (de) | 2004-06-05 | 2004-06-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Titandioxid nach dem Sulfatverfahren |
PCT/EP2005/005940 WO2005121026A1 (de) | 2004-06-05 | 2005-06-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung von titandioxid nach dem sulfatverfahren |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1756007A1 true EP1756007A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 |
Family
ID=34970292
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05751718A Withdrawn EP1756007A1 (de) | 2004-06-05 | 2005-06-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung von titandioxid nach dem sulfatverfahren |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1756007A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1997595A (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0511820A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004027639A1 (de) |
UA (1) | UA91980C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005121026A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111547765A (zh) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 提高钛渣酸解率的方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104045109B (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-11-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种生产酸解钛液的方法及其应用 |
CN104841563B (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-06-09 | 云南煜锜环保科技有限公司 | 一种氯化钛渣的多级泡沫浮选方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE571387C (de) * | 1927-04-12 | 1933-02-28 | Titanium Pigment Co Inc | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von loeslichen Titanverbindungen |
US2231181A (en) * | 1938-05-21 | 1941-02-11 | Gen Chemical Corp | Process of reducing ferric compounds |
US2839364A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1958-06-17 | Nat Lead Co | Clarifying titanium sulphate solutions |
US4275040A (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1981-06-23 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Process for extracting titanium values from titaniferous bearing material |
DE3513121A1 (de) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-23 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung von titandioxid |
DE10106539A1 (de) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Kerr Mcgee Pigments Gmbh & Co | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Titandioxid aus Aufschlussrückständen eines Sulfatverfahrens |
-
2004
- 2004-06-05 DE DE200410027639 patent/DE102004027639A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-06-02 CN CNA2005800212729A patent/CN1997595A/zh active Pending
- 2005-06-02 EP EP05751718A patent/EP1756007A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-02 WO PCT/EP2005/005940 patent/WO2005121026A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-06-02 BR BRPI0511820-4A patent/BRPI0511820A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-02 UA UAA200613948A patent/UA91980C2/ru unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005121026A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111547765A (zh) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 提高钛渣酸解率的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005121026A1 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
DE102004027639A1 (de) | 2006-01-05 |
CN1997595A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
UA91980C2 (ru) | 2010-09-27 |
BRPI0511820A (pt) | 2007-12-26 |
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