EP1747352B1 - Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für verbrennungsmotor - Google Patents

Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für verbrennungsmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1747352B1
EP1747352B1 EP05744952A EP05744952A EP1747352B1 EP 1747352 B1 EP1747352 B1 EP 1747352B1 EP 05744952 A EP05744952 A EP 05744952A EP 05744952 A EP05744952 A EP 05744952A EP 1747352 B1 EP1747352 B1 EP 1747352B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
combustion engine
oil level
level information
working device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05744952A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1747352A2 (de
Inventor
Michael Steffen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1747352A2 publication Critical patent/EP1747352A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1747352B1 publication Critical patent/EP1747352B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M11/12—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/18—Indicating or safety devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a working device with an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a method for monitoring an oil level in an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 24.
  • Internal combustion engines especially four-cycle petrol or diesel engines, require sufficient oil supply to be properly lubricated to be provided by oil in an oil reservoir.
  • the oil reservoir is usually located in the vicinity of a crankcase, so that by lubricating oil, but also by an additional oil pump, the oil to the lubrication points of the cylinder, the piston, the bearing, etc. is distributed.
  • the presence of a required amount of engine lubrication oil is z. B. via an oil dipstick or via various sensors (eg., Oil pressure switch for lubrication with oil pump) checked.
  • the sensors can be used in a monitoring circuit such that they shut down the engine when a lack of oil or the lack of warning lights o. ⁇ . Show. Motors without oil pump usually have measuring rods or a sight glass.
  • Simple devices for oil level monitoring also consist in that the oil level is measured by means of a float and - in the case of a lack of oil - the ignition of the internal combustion engine is interrupted. In this case, the engine does not start up when there is no oil. With highly vibrating machinery and an uncontrolled, turbulent oil movement in the engine, the engine can turn off even if there is enough oil in itself. However, since the oil is whirled up, the float takes a position that represents a lack of oil, so that the appropriate action is taken and the engine is turned off.
  • An oil gauge is known in which an optical oil sensor is provided on an oil return passage in an internal combustion engine. The measurement and display of the oil level is determined immediately after the closing of a key switch, ie even before starting the internal combustion engine.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a working device with an internal combustion engine, in which information about the oil level can be reliably obtained. Furthermore, a method for monitoring an oil level in an internal combustion engine is to be specified.
  • the working device has an oil measuring device, for detecting that oil is present in the oil reservoir, and for generating a corresponding signal. Furthermore, an evaluation device for generating oil level information on the basis of the signal from the oil meter is provided.
  • the oil level information can be generated in a certain period of time after starting the internal combustion engine, wherein the oil level information even after the start of the internal combustion engine and / or after the expiration of the specific period is present after starting.
  • the period within which the oil level information is obtained before a vibrator belonging to the working machine is driven by the internal combustion engine ends.
  • oil level information is determined at a time at which the oil measuring device can still provide reliable measurement results, but the oil level information even at a later date, when the oil measuring device reliable results are no longer expected, eg during normal operation of the implement, is still available.
  • oil level information can be an evaluated measured value or a correspondingly conditioned signal, which represents in particular whether sufficient oil is present in the oil reservoir or not.
  • the oil level is measured at the start (before, during or shortly after), ie at a point in time when the implement is still in relative calm.
  • oil level information does not exclude that even later, so in operation of the implement, further oil level information can be determined.
  • these oil level information is either not sufficiently reliable or are evaluated according to other, not further detailed here, as not belonging to the invention criteria.
  • oil level information generated early on is decisive for the invention.
  • the start of a rotation of a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is considered as the start of starting.
  • a Starting device eg an electric starter or a recoil starter
  • the internal combustion engine is able to automatically increase its crankshaft speed, without the need for further support by the starting device.
  • the specific time period after starting the internal combustion engine is short in relation to the total operating time of the internal combustion engine after starting. Assuming that the internal combustion engine is in operation for at least a few minutes, the predetermined time period should be in the range of seconds. In particular, the period of time within which the oil level information is obtained should end before the vibrator is driven by the internal combustion engine.
  • the oil level information is obtained by the evaluation device on the basis of the signal from the oil meter. In essence, the oil level information will indicate that there is enough oil in the oil reservoir or that there is a lack of oil.
  • the beginning of the driving of the vibrator by the engine may trigger the end of the "certain period". This means that the oil level information can be obtained until the vibration exciter is activated. However, the vibration exciter will exert such strong vibrations on the implement that afterwards, ie in normal working mode reliable oil level monitoring is no longer possible.
  • the oil level information may be generated until the clutch couples the internal combustion engine to the vibration exciter. This ensures that the strong vibrations of the vibration exciter can not yet affect the generation of oil level information.
  • the oil level information is producible when the engine has reached a predetermined minimum speed after starting.
  • the minimum speed can be chosen relatively low and is z. B. required to with the help of appropriate Aggregates of the internal combustion engine to generate a supply voltage for the oil meter and the evaluation. Since usually an internal combustion engine when starting relatively quickly reaches at least one idle speed, often even an overlying operating speed, the period during which the oil level information is generated, very short.
  • the oil level information can be generated as long as the actual crankshaft speed is less than a predetermined operating speed at which the implement performs its intended work.
  • the oil level information is generated once at the beginning of an operating time of the internal combustion engine, that is to say in particular during or after starting. This means that at a specific, most appropriate time, when there is still a relatively large amount of oil in the oil reservoir, the oil level is determined or the presence of oil detected and evaluated in the form of oil level information. If the oil level is OK or oil is available, no further action is required within the operating cycle. This is especially true when the internal combustion engine typically only has a relatively short operating time until it is stopped again. When the internal combustion engine is restarted, a new oil level check is carried out.
  • the internal combustion engine can be switched off with the aid of a stop device.
  • stop means is suitable for.
  • the evaluation device is coupled to a speed control device, so that in the presence of an oil level corresponding lack of oil level information, the speed of the engine to a lying below an operating speed speed value, z. B. an idle speed, is adjustable. At idle, the internal combustion engine can usually be operated even with insufficient lubrication for a relatively long time without being damaged. Again, the operator can still be displayed suitable information so that he recognizes the lack of condition.
  • the acoustic, but especially the visual warning can be issued over a certain period of time, even if the oil level information is no longer present.
  • the internal combustion engine has been switched off by one of the measures described above or by the action of the operator. In that case, it might be helpful if e.g. serving as a visual warning indicator LED is still operated for a certain period.
  • a correspondingly designed capacitor device may be required for energy supply.
  • the internal combustion engine has a voltage device for generating and / or storing electrical energy.
  • This may be z. Example, to act a Magnetzündstrom for generating electrical energy or a battery ignition system for storing electrical energy.
  • the voltage device provides the supply voltage required for the oil measuring device and the evaluation device. Particularly in the case of a magnetic ignition system, the supply voltage is generated only when the internal combustion engine is started, that is to say when the crankshaft is rotated. The oil level information is then generated in each case immediately after the start of the boot process, which also should be followed a relatively short period of time.
  • the oil level information already before starting the engine is to be obtained, it is particularly advantageous if a voltage device for storing electrical energy for the supply of the oil meter and the evaluation is provided. With the help of this electrical energy, the oil level information can then be stored as needed.
  • the evaluation device is integrated in the oil meter, so that the two components form a unit and can be installed together in the internal combustion engine.
  • An oil sensor provided in the oil measuring device can be operated according to various principles, wherein in particular capacitive, optical, thermal and / or mechanical measuring principles are suitable.
  • the oil sensor optionally with an integrated evaluation device, can be screwed into a motor housing of the internal combustion engine.
  • a method according to the invention comprises the following steps: First, the internal combustion engine is started by the starter device (electric starter or recoil starter). Immediately after the start of the starting process of the internal combustion engine, the oil meter is operated so that the presence of oil in the oil reservoir can be detected and a corresponding signal can be generated. The signal is evaluated to generate oil level information that indicates whether enough oil is present in the engine or not.
  • the starter device electrical starter or recoil starter
  • the oil level information remains available even after the start phase and can be used to initiate appropriate consequences.
  • the oil level information is generated only after reaching a predetermined minimum speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • the oil level information corresponds to an information that there is too little oil in the oil reservoir
  • various measures can be triggered:
  • the operation of the internal combustion engine can immediately or after Expired a predetermined period of time after detecting the lack of oil.
  • acoustic and / or optical warning signals can be transmitted to the operator.
  • Fig. 1 a known internal combustion engine is shown, so that only a brief description is given below.
  • internal combustion engines are basically motors with separate lubrication, ie z. B. four-stroke gasoline engines or diesel engines.
  • a crankshaft 2 is rotatably mounted on which in turn at least one connecting rod 3 is rotatably mounted.
  • a piston 4 is held, which is in a cylinder 5 axially reciprocable.
  • an oil reservoir 6 oil sump, oil sump
  • the oil can be drained through an oil outlet 7 if the oil is dirty or depleted.
  • a static oil pressure switch 9 At the in Fig. 1 shown internal combustion engine is provided in a provided in the motor housing 1 thread 8, a static oil pressure switch 9.
  • the oil pressure switch 9 has the disadvantage that it works in principle like a float, so that it drives the operation of the internal combustion engine, especially when the engine drives a vibration generator, not shown, and accordingly the oil very strong in a Crankshaft 2 surrounding crankcase 10 is swirled, can no longer reliably determine the presence of a sufficient amount of oil.
  • the oil pressure switch 9 detects a lack of oil, although in the crank chamber 10 sufficient oil circulates.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section Fig. 1 wherein the oil pressure switch 9 is replaced by an oil level monitoring device 11 according to the invention.
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 has an oil measuring device 12 and an evaluation device 13.
  • the oil measuring device 12 has a sensor which operates with a capacitive measuring principle.
  • the sensor is positioned so that it dips into the oil at a sufficient amount of oil in the oil reservoir 6 and evaluates the oil as a dielectric between two capacitor electrodes.
  • a resonant circuit is excited whose frequency depends on whether the capacitor electrodes of the sensor are in the oil or not.
  • the frequency is evaluated by a serving as evaluation 13 microprocessor and compared with predetermined frequency values, so that then an oil level information can be obtained, which states that the sensor is in the oil (sufficient amount of oil) or not (lack of oil).
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 the possibility to turn off the engine immediately upon detection of a lack of oil or after a predetermined period of time. This is z. B. the terminal 14 short-circuited to the ground of the housing 1.
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 via the connection 14 also regulate the speed of the engine so that they z. B. only one idle speed corresponds.
  • oil level in the oil reservoir 6 is detected and evaluated when starting the engine, so that the oil level monitoring device 11 can already derive the required oil level information at this early point in time.
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 can of course also during the course of the engine continue to determine information because z. B. atomized or spilled oil continues to drip on the sensor of the oil meter 12. In the case of dry running or insufficient lubrication, oil will no longer reach the oil measuring device 12, so that even at this point in time a shutdown of the internal combustion engine by the oil level monitoring device 11 can be effected.
  • the oil measuring device 12 and the evaluation device 13 By suitable design of the oil measuring device 12 and the evaluation device 13, it is possible that already measured during the first crankshaft rotation by the starter (recoil starter or electric starter) of the engine, the oil quantity and the oil level information is obtained. As a result, the turbulence of the oil in the oil reservoir 6 subsequent to the starting operation no longer causes measurement errors.
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 receives electrical energy by means of the ignition system, which is present in any case in the internal combustion engine, an additional power supply is unnecessary.
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 is thus supplied on the one hand by the ignition system of the engine with energy. On the other hand, it can cause the engine to stop via the ignition system.
  • a suitable system for power generation eg. As a battery or an alternator for feeding the oil level monitoring device 11 may be provided. Furthermore, the oil level monitoring device 11 can then be coupled to a device for interrupting the fuel supply (eg, electrovalve).
  • a device for interrupting the fuel supply eg, electrovalve
  • the oil level monitoring device 11 can subsequently remain inactive so that the engine runs without being influenced by the oil level monitoring device 11. If desired, however, the oil level monitor 11 may continue to monitor the oil level and, if necessary, intervene in extreme situations.
  • an oil measuring device 12 may also be a conventional stand, z.
  • a static oil switch are used, if this is suitable for vibration.
  • the evaluation device 13 should then be designed such that the oil level measurement - as stated above - only at the beginning of the engine operation, ie evaluates the measurement signals of the oil switch when starting. During operation of the engine, in particular after activation of the vibration generator, the Ignore the measurement signals of the oil switch from the evaluation device 13.
  • Fig. 3 a flow chart is shown showing the operation of the oil level monitoring system according to the invention.
  • a step S1 the internal combustion engine is started, for. B. by pulling a Reversierstarters.
  • step S2 a supply voltage for the electronics used in the oil level monitoring device 11 is available.
  • step S3 an oscillation frequency f osz of a resonant circuit equipped with a microprocessor is measured with the aid of the capacitive sensor of the oil measuring device 12.
  • the frequency f osz changes depending on the oil wetting of the sensor.
  • the measurement in step S3 can already be carried out at the moment of starting, ie the first time the reversing starter is pulled.
  • the measured data are then stored in step S4.
  • step S5 the engine speed is measured and compared in step S6 with a predetermined value (here: 1000 min -1 ). As long as the engine speed has not yet reached the predetermined speed, the speed is further measured in step S5.
  • step S7 If the engine speed has exceeded the predetermined limit speed, it is checked in step S7 whether the measured resonant circuit frequency f osz is greater than a preset frequency f lim .
  • the preset frequency f lim is factory-stored in the production of the implement when the sensor is calibrated.
  • the frequency f lim corresponds to the resonant circuit frequency for the minimum required oil level.
  • step S8 a light-emitting diode LED is turned on for operation control in step S8 and the oil level monitoring is switched off in step S9.
  • the amount of oil in the internal combustion engine is no longer monitored during this operating cycle. Only when the engine is restarted - after previously switching off - does the oil level control start again with step S1.
  • step S7 If it is determined in step S7 that the measured frequency f osz is smaller is the predetermined frequency limit f lim , the system concludes that there is not enough oil left in the engine. Then, in step S10, a light emitting diode LED is set in flashing operation to give the operator a warning signal. During this time, the engine keeps running. After lapse of a certain period of time (eg, 10 seconds, step S11), the ignition of the engine is stopped in step S12, so that the engine is turned off. Accordingly, in step S13, the light-emitting diode also goes out. The operator now has the opportunity to refill oil.
  • a certain period of time eg, 10 seconds, step S11

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP05744952A 2004-04-30 2005-04-29 Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für verbrennungsmotor Not-in-force EP1747352B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004021394A DE102004021394B4 (de) 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für Verbrennungsmotor
PCT/EP2005/004675 WO2005106216A2 (de) 2004-04-30 2005-04-29 Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für verbrennungsmotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1747352A2 EP1747352A2 (de) 2007-01-31
EP1747352B1 true EP1747352B1 (de) 2012-04-25

Family

ID=35063093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05744952A Not-in-force EP1747352B1 (de) 2004-04-30 2005-04-29 Ölstandsüberwachungssystem für verbrennungsmotor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7498932B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1747352B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007535635A (zh)
CN (1) CN100538026C (zh)
DE (1) DE102004021394B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005106216A2 (zh)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005106216A3 (de) 2006-01-19
DE102004021394B4 (de) 2006-09-28
EP1747352A2 (de) 2007-01-31
JP2007535635A (ja) 2007-12-06
CN100538026C (zh) 2009-09-09
WO2005106216A2 (de) 2005-11-10
CN1965151A (zh) 2007-05-16
US7498932B1 (en) 2009-03-03
DE102004021394A1 (de) 2005-11-24

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