EP1731631B1 - Fabrication d' un matériau composite - Google Patents

Fabrication d' un matériau composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1731631B1
EP1731631B1 EP06114825A EP06114825A EP1731631B1 EP 1731631 B1 EP1731631 B1 EP 1731631B1 EP 06114825 A EP06114825 A EP 06114825A EP 06114825 A EP06114825 A EP 06114825A EP 1731631 B1 EP1731631 B1 EP 1731631B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anode
metal
cathode
reinforcement material
process according
Prior art date
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EP06114825A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1731631A2 (fr
EP1731631A3 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Hausmann
Alexander Arnold
Bernd Friedrich
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Publication of EP1731631A3 publication Critical patent/EP1731631A3/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/04—Light metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/10—Refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/04—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/26—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
    • C25C7/025—Electrodes; Connections thereof used in cells for the electrolysis of melts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/002—Cell separation, e.g. membranes, diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/66—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a composite material and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • metals are often mined in the form of metal oxides. Depending on the ore, more or less expensive processes for reducing the oxides and cleaning foreign substances are used to recover the metal. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to the production of titanium.
  • the Kroll process is usually used ( W. Kroll, Production of Ductile Titanium, Transact. Electrochem. Soc. 78 (1940), pp. 35-37 ).
  • Starting product for this is rutile (TiO 2 ) or ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ), which is prepared after the mining extraction.
  • Essential for the process is the chlorination intermediate, which generates titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ) from titanium oxides and removes impurities.
  • TiCl 4 titanium tetrachloride
  • the final reduction of TiCl 4 to titanium occurs with magnesium.
  • the resulting magnesium chloride is decomposed electrolytically and recycled to the circuit as chlorine and magnesium.
  • the end product of this process is a porous but pure titanium sponge.
  • the process consists of a chain of several sub-processes. This results in equipment and energy a considerable effort.
  • the titanium sponge obtained by the Kroll process or any other process can be processed by remelting, alloying other elements, forging or rolling to semi-finished products, from which corresponding components can be produced.
  • further processing into titanium matrix composites (TMC) is also possible.
  • TMC titanium matrix composites
  • TMCs The difficulty in the production of TMCs is the high melting point and the reactivity of the titanium alloys. Therefore, methods have been developed that allow for composite fabrication below the matrix melt temperature. The lowest possible process temperature in conjunction with short cycle times is the prerequisite for minimizing harmful reaction products.
  • the composite is consolidated at about 1900 bar and in a temperature range of 920 to 980 ° C ( Leyens, C., Hausmann, J., Kumpfert, J., Long Fiber Reinforced Titanium Matrix Composites: Fabrication, Properties, Applications, in Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Peters, M., Leyens, C., eds. 2002, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. Pp. 321-350 ).
  • This process gives a composite material of the highest quality.
  • a nearly ideal hexagonal fiber arrangement can be achieved. A mutual contact of the fibers is almost excluded by the fiber coating. This is the basic requirement for excellent mechanical properties.
  • titanium matrix composites In addition to the titanium fabrication process described above, a number of other process steps are required to produce the titanium matrix composites. Therefore, the cost of producing titanium matrix composites is again significantly higher than that for the production of titanium and titanium alloys.
  • titanium matrix composites not only titanium matrix composites but also composites with other metallic matrices, such as aluminum, magnesium, nickel and their alloys, are concerned with this issue.
  • DE 42 04 120 C1 describes a process for producing a carbon fiber-aluminum composite in organic solvents, in which the fibers are merely coated in a first step and in a second step the coated fibers are placed in a molten metal to obtain the composite.
  • the anode compartment is not separated from the cathode compartment by a membrane.
  • the metal is already used in its target state (metallic) as the anode material.
  • the coating of the fibers serves as an auxiliary layer for further composite material production.
  • WO 2005/019501 A2 described method does not use a membrane for separating the anodes from the cathode chamber.
  • US 4,341,823 A also describes a two-step process for producing a fiber-metal composite, in which the fibers are first electroless plating coated with metal and then dipped into a lead melt after several further coating operations to obtain the finished composite material.
  • EP 1 489 192 A1 describes a process for the production of titanium-fiber composites, wherein the fibers to be coated must be provided with a slurry in a first step, and then coated with titanium in a second step.
  • FR 2 297 261 describes a device for electrochemical aqueous processes, which does not take into account the high temperatures of molten salt.
  • the anode may consist of a carbon plate, wherein titanium dioxide is reduced in a metal salt melt to titanium.
  • CN 1376813 describes the production of Al-Ti alloys using a carbonaceous anode containing titanium dioxide.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to find a method and an apparatus for producing a metal-fiber composite material, after which the composite material is available in one step and the resulting oxygen can be easily removed without restricting the process otherwise.
  • Another object of the invention is the electrolysis of a Me x O y -C anode with the aim of environmentally friendly one-stage and chlorine-free production of cost-effective composites with Me metal matrix.
  • the object of the present invention is further to provide composites with a metal matrix, in particular of metals, which have a melting point above the decomposition temperatures of the reinforcing material or tend to undesirable reactions between the metal and the reinforcing material.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in a first embodiment by a method for producing a metal-reinforcing material composite material according to claim 1.
  • the membrane or the diaphragm is therefore essential for the invention, so that the carbon located in the anode compartment can not get to the cathode and react there with the very reactive metals such as Ti. Furthermore, the membrane causes the preferably existing loose bed of carbon and metal oxides remains limited to the anode compartment.
  • the membrane is advantageously designed so that it is permeable to ions at most, so that larger particles remain in the anode compartment. Therefore, the membrane is preferably made of fireclay or porous Al 2 O 3 -FF materials (refractory) and preferably has a thickness in a range of 8 to 15 mm.
  • the metal can be dissolved in the electrolyte and deposited on the cathode.
  • the proposed process is characterized by a significantly reduced number of process steps, in particular if the process of metal production is taken into consideration. This results in significant economic and environmental benefits.
  • the essential idea of the invention is therefore a new method of metal production with the Combine composite production directly.
  • the number of process steps for producing a composite material with metal matrix compared to the prior art can be significantly reduced.
  • Advantage is a much more resource-friendly and environmentally friendly production of the composite material. This can be achieved by an electrolytic process in which an anode of metal oxides and carbon is used, by means of which the metal is dissolved in a molten salt and deposited on preferably formed as a cathode reinforcing material.
  • a material which at the same time serves as a reinforcing material in a composite material for example ceramic or carbon fibers
  • a metal matrix composite material is obtained as the end product, without the need for an auxiliary cathode.
  • the composite material obtainable by the process according to the invention may initially have pores and / or be very brittle.
  • the material can advantageously be compacted by a subsequent pressing operation.
  • the pressing can be unidirectional or isostatic with or without the influence of heat.
  • it corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, when a reinforcing material is coated with the metallic matrix and this is pressed in a subsequent pressing operation to form a compact composite material.
  • Carbon in the anode compartment can easily bind the resulting oxygen and, being conductive, reintroduce it to the molten salt, or optionally transport it and release it to the environment.
  • carbon is used in the anode space in the form of a loose bed.
  • the carbon may be present for example as a solid petroleum pitch or as coke. If the carbon is in the form of a loose bed of solid petroleum pitch, it may optionally melt at the necessary process temperature and encase the metal oxide particles.
  • the use of carbon in the anode space significantly improves the conductivity of the anode compared to the metal oxide alone and thus makes the process considerably more efficient. Furthermore, carbon has the advantage of easy availability which can not be underestimated compared with comparable materials.
  • Salt melts according to the invention include melts in which inorganic salts (electrolytes) are more or less dissociated in their ions.
  • inorganic salts electrolytes
  • salt melts which consist of one, and those, which consist of several components.
  • molten salts are used as heat transfer agents, for example in heating baths (salt baths) and in heat exchangers, recently also as heat storage (for example with KF ⁇ 4 H 2 O, melting point 18.5 ° C), for covering and cleaning molten Metals (descaling, prevention of air entry and dissolution of oxidic impurities) or in the heat treatment of metallic workpieces (in particular during tempering and hardening of steel and in nitriding), for electroplating of refractory materials and in batteries.
  • the process is carried out in a molten salt, wherein the salts are in turn preferably selected from conventional fluxes, for example from the group of chlorides and fluorides and mixtures thereof.
  • the salts are preferably metal salts of the first and second main groups, more preferably metals selected from the group K, Li, Ca and Mg, and mixtures thereof.
  • the metal oxide in the anode compartment can be chlorinated, become itself an electrolyte, and then deposit on the cathode.
  • the halide ion becomes part of the molten salt again.
  • metal oxide of the refractory and / or light metals in particular the metals Al, Mg, Ti, Ni, Nb, W and / or Zr, and very particularly preferably TiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 , since these metals with reinforcing materials particularly lightweight yet mechanically strong and torsion-free composites result.
  • the metal oxide is preferably used as a loose bed, as granules or as a powder. Another advantage of this embodiment is that no expensive Ti metal is needed for the production of a composite material, for example with Ti, but the much cheaper TiO 2 can be used.
  • Light metal in the context of the invention are metallic materials having a specific density of at most 4.5, in particular 5 g / cm 3 . These include, for example, Mg, Al, Be and Ti and their alloys. Light metals are preferably used where the weight of components plays a role in terms of optimal energy use, for example in aviation and automotive technology, but also in building services.
  • the anode current density is adjusted so that the forming Ti-chlorides dissolve in the salt (electrolyte) and do not volatilize. This will cause the chemical equilibrium within the electrolytic cell to be longer stable and prolong the maintenance intervals accordingly. Furthermore, many of these volatile salts are toxic and / or corrosive and should therefore be avoided to save costly removal devices.
  • a reinforcing material in the form of fibers, particles and / or an open-pore foam is used.
  • the fiber material is preferably a metal, a ceramic or carbon, wherein among the fibers cylindrical bodies having a diameter in a range of 4 to 500 microns and a length, the at least 10 times the diameter, preferably.
  • electrically non-conductive ceramics as a fiber material, these can preferably be doped to produce the conductivity, deliberately contaminated or coated conductive. However, a corresponding precoating, doping or targeted contamination is not absolutely necessary.
  • a reinforcing material of metal, carbon and / or ceramic, in particular of SiC is used. It has been found that mechanically particularly stable composites are available compared to other materials.
  • the reinforcing material is conductive or conductive coated, since this can then be used as a cathode itself and makes an auxiliary cathode superfluous.
  • the reinforcing material is preferably used without pretreatment with the metal oxide. As a result, an additional process step can be saved and the process can be significantly streamlined. It has been found that the omission of the pretreatment does not lead to any substantial loss of the properties of the resulting composite material.
  • the reinforcing material, the metal oxide and the process conditions are advantageously selected so that the metal resulting from the metal oxide during the electrolysis does not react chemically or in a limited way with the reinforcing material and thereby is produced to a corresponding composite material. This achieves bonding of the reinforcing material to the metal, which has excellent mechanical properties such as high strength and rigidity.
  • the process is preferably carried out at temperatures in a range of 400 to 900 ° C, more preferably in a range of 800 to 900 ° C.
  • low temperatures can be saved significantly costs.
  • These low temperatures are obtainable, for example, by molten salts containing a mixture of LiCl, KCl and CaCl 2 .
  • the electrolytically produced composite material is advantageously subjected to a subsequent pressing operation, optionally with heat treatment, whereby this compacted and so a compact composite material is produced.
  • Intermediate product is preferably a SiC fiber, which is preferably coated with titanium.
  • such a coated fiber can serve as a raw material for making a composite by compressing bundles thereof and thereby densifying the metallic coating to form the matrix in a compact composite.
  • the cathode material and / or the anode material is preferably continuously supplied and removed. This can also do that entire process can be carried out continuously, thus simplifying the manufacturing process.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved by an electrolytic cell for producing a composite material comprising at least one anode space and at least one cathode space which is separated from the anode space by a membrane (ie a diaphragm), characterized in that the anode is a conductive one Anode, containing carbon and at least one metal oxide, wherein the cathode space, a reinforcing material in the form of fibers, particles and / or an open-cell foam in a molten salt electrolyte is provided.
  • a membrane ie a diaphragm
  • An auxiliary cathode may be provided in the cathode compartment. This is necessary even if the reinforcing material is not conductive or the reinforcing material can not act as a cathode for another reason. In this case, the cathode space is partially or completely filled with the reinforcing material. The metal is now deposited on the auxiliary cathode and thus grows around the reinforcing material to obtain the composite material according to the invention.
  • a plurality of anode compartments may be provided. This is particularly advantageous because it also allows the deposition of alloys, in particular with concentration gradients.
  • the cathode itself consists of the reinforcing material, which is coated conductive or conductive for this purpose.
  • an additional auxiliary cathode is no longer imperative, even if it can still be used.
  • the structure of the device and the operation of the method for producing a composite material according to the invention are based on Fig. 1 described.
  • the electrolytic cell 1 is divided by a diaphragm 2 into anode 3 and cathode chamber 4.
  • the electrolyte 5 In the cell 1 is the electrolyte 5.
  • the anode chamber 3 In the anode chamber 3 is a mixture of metal oxide (for example, TiO 2 ) and Carbon carrier 6 given, for example, oil pitch.
  • a current conductor 7 is used.
  • the cathode chamber 4 can advantageously be additionally contained an auxiliary anode made of a metal.
  • the cathode consists of the reinforcing fibers 9, which are held by a holder 8 (cathode) and electrically contacted.
  • a holder 8 cathode
  • Me electrolyte selection
  • Me forms a powder, sponge or dense coating on the reinforcing material 9.
  • a fiber material which is coated with a dense Me layer the later forms the matrix in a composite material.
  • the cathode 9, which later serves as a reinforcing material but can also advantageously an open-cell foam of carbon, a ceramic or a metal are used, then during the electrolysis, the pores are partially or completely filled with the electrolysis product Me.
  • an auxiliary cathode 10 accordingly Fig. 2 located.
  • the reinforcing material 11 is a non-conductor or is present in loose form, for example as a particle or cut fiber.
  • the cathode 10 and reinforcing material 11 are then arranged so that the deposited metal 12 is obtained in the region of the cathode, thereby enclosing or penetrating the reinforcing material.
  • a mixture of LiCl, KCl and CaCl 2 is used as electrolyte 5. This has a melting point of about 430 ° C.
  • the electrolyte 5 is melted in a crucible 13.
  • a mixture of carbon and titanium dioxide powder 6 is given in the divided by a diaphragm 2 anode space.
  • the reinforcing fibers 9 which are fed continuously via a feed 14 and contacted with the guide 15 and deflected.
  • the Ti chlorides formed dissolve in the electrolyte 5 and are converted by the dissolved in the electrolyte 5 Ca at the cathode to Ti and CaCl 2 .
  • CaCl 2 dissociates into 2Cl - and Ca 2+ .
  • the anode current density is adjusted so that predominantly TiCl 2 forms.
  • TiCl 2 is again converted together with Ca 2+ into Ti and CaCl 2 .
  • the Ti forms a tight coating on the reinforcing fiber 9 connected as a cathode. Through the discharge 16, the titanium-coated fiber is continuously removed from the process.
  • the crucible 13 contains two anode chambers 3 containing mixtures of carbon and different metal oxides 6.
  • the deposition rate of the different metals can be adjusted so as to be able to produce a metal alloy as matrix material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de production d'un matériau composite métal/matériau de renforcement, comprenant la mise en contact électrolytique d'une anode conductrice contenant du carbone et au moins un oxyde métallique avec une cathode, à la proximité de laquelle le matériau de renforcement se trouve en tant qu'électrolyte dans une masse de sel fondu, et le métal se dépose cathodiquement en enfermant le matériau de renforcement, une cellule électrolytique étant divisée en compartiments anodique et cathodique par une membrane, caractérisé en ce qu'un matériau de renforcement sous la forme de fibres, de particules et/ou de mousse à cellules ouvertes est utilisé, et le métal se dépose sur le matériau de renforcement façonné en forme de cathode.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise une anode essentiellement inorganique, notamment complètement inorganique.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise une anode contenant un fondant, notamment un chlorure et/ou un fluorure, notamment du CaCl2.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un oxyde métallique choisi parmi les oxydes de métaux réfractaires et/ou de métaux légers, notamment des métaux Al, Mg, Ti, Ni, Nb, W et/ou Zr.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un matériau de renforcement en métal, en carbone et/ou en céramique, notamment en SiC.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un matériau de renforcement non prétraité avec l'oxyde métallique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un matériau de renforcement qui réagit chimiquement avec le métal formé.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet le matériau composite à un procédé de pressage combiné avec un traitement thermique après l'électrolyse.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on alimente ou élimine continument la matériau cathodique et/ou la matériau anodique.
  10. Cellule électrolytique pour la production d'un matériau composite constitué d'une matrice métallique et d'un matériau de renforcement, comprenant au moins un compartiment anodique et au moins un compartiment cathodique séparé du compartiment anodique par une membrane, caractérisée en ce que ladite anode est une anode conductrice contenant du carbone et au moins un oxyde métallique, dans laquelle un matériau de renforcement sous la forme de fibres, de particules et/ou de mousse à cellules ouvertes se trouve dans ledit compartiment cathodique en tant qu'électrolyte dans une masse de sel fondu.
  11. Cellule selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que ladite cathode est réalisée en ledit matériau de renforcement.
  12. Cellule selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que des moyens pour l'alimentage et l'élimination du matériau continus sont présents dans le compartiment anodique et/ou cathodique.
EP06114825A 2005-06-08 2006-06-01 Fabrication d' un matériau composite Not-in-force EP1731631B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005026267A DE102005026267A1 (de) 2005-06-08 2005-06-08 Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs

Publications (3)

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EP1731631A2 EP1731631A2 (fr) 2006-12-13
EP1731631A3 EP1731631A3 (fr) 2008-07-23
EP1731631B1 true EP1731631B1 (fr) 2012-03-21

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AT (1) ATE550460T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005026267A1 (fr)

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EP1731631A3 (fr) 2008-07-23
DE102005026267A1 (de) 2006-12-21
ATE550460T1 (de) 2012-04-15

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