Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
  • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
  • E04F2201/0123—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels parallel to the abutting edges
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
  • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
  • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane

Definitions

• the invention relates to plates with laterally mounted locking elements.
• a plate of the type mentioned is known from the document EP 090 6994 AI under the name panel.
• a panel is a generally elongated, thin plate, which can be connected laterally, so on the longitudinal and transverse sides, for example via grooves and springs with other panels. So interconnected panels are used in particular as a floor covering or wall cladding.
• the bonded panels are assembled into a floor covering known as laminate flooring.
• the panels comprise a carrier plate made of a wood material and a decorative paper on the top, together with a protection against abrasion.
• each spring has at least one continuous, protruding locking element on an upper and / or lower side.
• Each groove is provided with grooves so that the protruding locking element passes after the mating of two panels in the corresponding groove. This results in a glue-free glue-making binding between two panels.
• glue is not required to assemble panels to a floor or wall covering. Of course, it is still possible and in some cases - as in the present invention - advantageous to glue in addition.
• the panels are made of wood or wood-based material, the material also works after completion of the products.
• the panels can warp in such a way that laying is virtually impossible.
• the invention has for its object to provide improved glueless interconnectable plates.
• the object is achieved by means of a plate having the features of one of the independent claims.
• Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.
• a claimed plate comprises laterally mounted locking means, with which two plates can be laterally connected by a form-fitting without glue.
• a glueless connection between two plates is present, if this by positive locking
• the locking elements are such that there is a starting position, in which the plates are to be brought by particular exclusively vertical lowering, in particular by subsequent displacement along the common joint, an end position can be achieved in which a lock the two plates can be effected perpendicular to the plate surface and parallel to the plate surface and at the same time perpendicular to the joint joint.
• the displacement via an intermediate position, in which the plates or panels are locked at least in one direction with each other by positive locking.
• the plates can be pulled apart a little (according to the size of the game) perpendicular to the joint and then again - perpendicular to the joint - a little pushed towards each other.
• the locking elements are therefore threaded into each other, so that the connection can be effected more easily and safely because of the successive locking in different directions.
• the locking elements are such that only by moving an end position is achieved in which no clearance between the plates or panels is present. In the end position, therefore, the aforementioned shifting due to a game perpendicular to the joint is no longer possible.
• the advantage of the game lies in the fact that the material is easier to process or assemble.
• the invention does not require precise manufacture to provide a glueless connection between two plates, since initially at least in one direction there is a lock in which there is sufficient clearance.
• a starting position in which the panels are locked in both directions by positive locking, so already without glue together are connected.
• the locking elements are also designed so that disappears by moving the game, which is still present in the intermediate or initial position, between the joints.
• the play-free connection of the plates along the narrow sides has a particularly advantageous effect on the behavior of the floor constructed from the panels according to the invention. This is related to the fact that changes in temperature changes the plate in the longitudinal direction more their dimensions than transverse to it. Therefore, there is a risk here that the joints open on the narrow sides, which affects the appearance and allows the penetration of liquid into the joints.
• known profiles can be used, for example, allow a snap-in or EinrastVeritati by moving in the plane.
• climate change ie in particular changes in temperature and humidity, it comes to dimensional changes such. Eg shrinkage and swelling. Especially when shrinking the glueless connection is heavily loaded.
• the panels are generally rectangular, in a ratio (length: width) of 1: 3 to 1:10, preferably in about 1: 8 - 1: 6.
• the strength with which panels hold each other is directly related to the length of the panels Connection. Therefore, the narrow side is more at risk and stable to perform.
• the starting position is therefore particularly easy to achieve according to the invention, since only the panel to be connected in the area of the connecting means are lowered onto the other panel. Unlike the document DE 201 09 840 Ul, therefore, no initial inward rotation or the provision of the strength of the compound reducing elastic materials is necessary.
• the achievement of the intermediate position according to the invention is not absolutely necessary. It is also conceivable that during the displacement along the common joint at the same time the aforementioned horizontal and vertical locking takes place. It can preferably undercut wedge surfaces, for. B. similar to a dovetail, are provided. Such an embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 5.
• a part of the upper panel rests on a part of the lower panel, but can be moved vertically in one direction.
• the plates can be moved in all directions in the plane of the plate surface. If the plates are thereby moved along the connecting joint from the starting position to the end position, the effect is that no play occurs in the common joint and the plates are connected to one another perpendicular to the plate surface and parallel to the plate surface and at the same time perpendicular to the common connecting joint.
• the inventive design of the locking means or their interaction is further achieved that by moving the first Plate against the second plate along a first common joint at the same time
• the first plate with the second plate can be positively connected along the first joint joint both perpendicular to the plate surface, as well as parallel to the plate surface and at the same time perpendicular to the first joint connecting joint and
• the first plate with the third plate can be positively connected along a second joint joint at least perpendicular to the disk surface.
• the compounds mentioned above for example compounds along the longitudinal and narrow sides of a panel, are usually effected sequentially and independently of each other.
• the first plate with the second plate is positively connected along the first joint joint both perpendicular to the plate surface, and parallel to the plate surface and at the same time perpendicular to the first joint joint and then along the first joint as long as in the direction of the third plate shifted, until at the longitudinal side between the first and third plate another connection is made.
• the locking according to the invention by means of displacement along the common connecting joint instead of Known latches by clicking or screwing has other advantages. It is at a small thickness, a comparatively very high notch height and an optimal angle (90 ° to the plate surface or dovetail-like) of the side walls feasible without upsetting shear splitting or bending forces occur.
• a plate on the side of a groove and / or a spring protrudes laterally parallel to the surface of the plate.
• the groove has been laterally milled in parallel with the surface of the plate, for example.
• the plates have further locking elements, which form the positive connection parallel to the surface. before and perpendicular to the joint allow.
• this is a second groove which has been milled in perpendicular to the surface, for example.
• the second groove may be provided on the underside of a plate or in the former groove. To provide such a groove on the underside of the plate is known from the figures 1 of the publication WO 94/26999.
• the second groove or the corresponding lateral boundary has such a course that a displacement of the plates parallel to the joint has the consequence that the one plate at the same time on the other plate is moved to. This is always the case if the course is not parallel to the joint. This movement takes place until the game is no longer available. This is tuned so that the panels are then aligned longitudinally in alignment. To prevent slipping or opening the connection is secured by the longitudinally adjacent panels.
• the mentioned course is realized in that the course of the vertical groove and / or the vertical locking element or its outer lateral boundaries, which may also be the side wall of the second groove or the second locking element at the same time, are wedge-shaped.
• the distance of the aforementioned elements increases or decreases linearly along the joint.
• the production of such oblique and hereinafter referred to as wedge-shaped partial surfaces can be prepared for example by an obliquely running cutter.
• the plate can be moved during milling.
• an obliquely running cutter has the advantage that no additional movement of the plate is necessary, such as when producing wavy contours from DE 201 09 840 Ul.
• the said course is alternatively realized in that the lateral walls of the second groove wave-like, serpentine or sawtooth-like.
• the width of the groove can taper.
• Essential in this embodiment is orm, that the distance between the second groove and the adjacent joint varies. It comes in an embodiment, which is similar to the figures 1 of the document WO 94/26999, on the distance between the joint and the wall of the groove, which is closer than the other wall of the groove at the joint.
• the large closing force ensures a better appearance of the joint and prevents the penetration of dirt and moisture into the core of the board. With optimum connection, therefore, the impregnation and the like of the side edges can be omitted.
• a long way allows a wedge shape with low angle, whereby larger forces can be achieved.
• the design specified according to the invention therefore represents a particularly favorable compromise in practice.
• the plates are to be brought from the initial position to the end position exclusively by moving along the diagonal joint.
• Such a sliding movement requires less skill than known joining techniques in which, for example, the side surfaces must be inserted into one another under manual maintenance of a contact pressure and / or rotated.
• the contact surfaces of the locking elements in particular those, which serve as a sliding surface when moving the plates against each other from the output to the end position, perpendicular to the plate surface.
• the pressurized sliding surfaces can therefore not escape downwards, as is the case with such profiles, which have sloping surfaces at this point. Even higher security against shearing off the surfaces obtained when the sliding surfaces are slightly undercut, such as the type of dovetail, which is explained to Fig. 5.
• the lower surface of the side-pressing spring with the underside of the vertical locking element forms a flat surface.
• the same also applies to the corresponding lateral and vertical grooves which are in contact therewith and which are designed accordingly. In the starting position, therefore, the plates are displaceable both in the direction of the connecting joint, as well as perpendicular thereto, which facilitates handling during installation.
• the first-mentioned groove comprises a protruding flank or lip.
• Locking elements are initially performed loosely into each other.
• This embodiment is particularly easy to handle. Laying is still easily possible even if several elongated panels are already connected to the narrow sides and they are to be connected together with an already laid row of panels.
• the invention has significant handling advantages over glueless connectable panels that need to be connected only at the narrow sides, for example, due to rigid protruding lip by a rotary motion before the long sides are connected in the same way by a rotary motion.
• glueless connectable panels that need to be connected only at the narrow sides, for example, due to rigid protruding lip by a rotary motion before the long sides are connected in the same way by a rotary motion.
• further grooves can branch off from the second groove in the direction of the connection joint and end here. Projecting locking elements can then be pushed from the outside through these branches in the direction of the second groove. If these are at the level of the second groove, the plates are displaced parallel to one another until the said starting position is reached. Another shift parallel to the joint has the consequence that the end position is reached.
• This embodiment of the invention is in turn advantageous when several panels are first connected so that they form a row.
• the connection on the narrow sides may be a glueless connection according to the prior art. These are preferably those with a protruding lower rigid lip or flank, since such compounds are particularly strong. Also here is the connecting joint relatively short, so that manufacturing inaccuracies are less problematic.
• the long sides are then connected by moving in a plane. After all, there is a particularly strong, glueless connection. The handling is very simple.
• the above locking element engages in the second-mentioned groove when the panels are connected to each other by moving in a plane. Are there two in the spring depending on a protruding locking element on the top and bottom, so there is this corresponding in the lateral groove ever another groove in the upper and in the lower edge.
• the further groove which is located in the flank of the former groove, causes together with the protruding locking element on the top or bottom of the spring, the positive connection parallel to the surface of the panels and perpendicular to the connecting joint.
• a further or second groove is mounted only in the lower edge. Accordingly, then the above corresponding locking element is provided on the underside of the spring. It has turned out that a protruding locking element at the top of the spring and corresponding groove in thin panels affects the appearance of the panel surface. In fact, it can very easily happen that the protruding locking element causes, for example, due to manufacturing inaccuracies a pressure that causes a kind of dent on the surface.
• a panel is thin in the sense of the invention, if it is not thicker than 14 mm, in particular if it is not thicker than 10 mm.
• connection which is provided in particular for the narrow sides in an elongate panel, has in another embodiment, a further laterally mounted upper groove on a panel together with a laterally mounted corresponding upper spring on another panel.
• the upper groove is located above the spring with the protruding locking element.
• the upper spring is above the first-mentioned groove.
• the second groove is milled from below into a plate.
• the lateral wall of the second groove which is located closest to the connecting joint, is preferably at least partially arcuate.
• the bow then runs so that the "center of the arc" is “enclosed” by the joint and the bow. This means that the projecting coupling element is located in said end position in a region of the second groove, which at least approximates a parallel course of the groove relative to the connecting joint. As a result, an undesired slipping back in the direction of the starting position is counteracted.
• the adhesive is preferably factory-mounted and is activated only by pressure or heat.
• the adhesive may for example be encapsulated in the second groove where the protruding locking element is likely to reach in the end position. As soon as this happens, the capsule is destroyed by the pressure and the elements are glued together.
• the components of a two-component adhesive may be distributed over protruding locking elements and second grooves. In the final position, the various components mix.
• a water-repellent paste or sticky mass may be provided instead of the adhesive.
• Such a water-repellent paste or sticky mass is in principle suitable for any glue-free connection in order to prevent the penetration of moisture into the connecting joints and the associated damage.
• the contact surface or the walls, which form the contact surface between the above locking element and the groove corresponding thereto, run preferably perpendicular to the surface of the plates.
• the contact surface runs obliquely.
• the oblique course of the contact surface has the disadvantage, in particular in the case of an elastic flank or protruding lip of a groove, that a panel can also slip out again under load. This disadvantage is avoided by the vertical contact surface.
• a sloping contact surface is required to connect two panels without an existing game in the connection joint can. From the document WO 94/26999, although a vertical contact surface is known, as can be seen, inter alia, the figure la.
• the walls which form the contact surface are even undercut.
• the contact surface then again has a slope relative to the surface.
• this slope runs inversely in comparison to the inclined contact surface, which has the subject of the patent EP 843 763 Bl.
• FIG. 1 shows the panels when the one panel is lowered into the starting position
• Figure 2a-2c the process of joining by moving
• FIG. 3 shows a top view of the floor covering formed according to the invention
• Figure 4 a cross section through the locking elements according to the invention
• Figure 5 a cross section through which he indungswashen locking elements in an alternative embodiment
• FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the locking elements according to the invention in a further alternative Design with additional spring on the bottom and
• FIGS. 7 and 8 the locking elements of Fig. 6 with dimensioning.
• two plates 1 and 2 are shown having laterally mounted locking means.
• the locking means connect the plates 1 and 2 without glue.
• the plates 1 and 2 are connected according to Figure 2c perpendicular to the surface 3 of the plates 1 and 2 and parallel to the plate surface 3 or locked.
• the two plates 1 and 2 are perpendicular to the common joint 4 locked together. A displacement of the plate 1 relative to the plate 2 parallel to the connecting joint 4 is limited possible, as will be explained later to Figure 1 ..
• a clearance " ⁇ " may be present in the common joint 4. Due to the play, the plates can be pulled apart a little (corresponding to the size of the game) perpendicular to the connecting joint 4 and parallel to the surface 3.
• the locking elements According to Fig. 2b, an end position is achieved from a starting position by displacement in a plane parallel to the connecting joint, in which there is no play between the plates 1 and 2 or panels. that in the initial position shown, the plate 2 is vertically raised, ie no vertical locking has taken place yet. This is no longer possible in the intermediate position.
• Figure 1 shows two plates according to the invention before they are brought into the starting position.
• the first plate 1 which has already been laid, has the connecting elements 4, 5, 7, 18 at its right side edge.
• These essentially comprise a vertical groove 7, which extends perpendicular to the plate surface 3 and is delimited by the lateral wall surfaces 11 and 10.
• the vertical groove 7 merges into a horizontal lateral groove 5, which thus enables an undercut under the plate surface 3.
• the groove base of the vertical groove 7 together with the lower groove trough of the lateral groove 5 forms a common planar surface 51.
• the lateral boundary 11 of the vertical groove 7 at the same time forms the groove bottom of the lateral groove 5.
• the vertical groove 7 is bounded by a lateral wall 10.
• This wall 10, as well as the corresponding wall 16 of the second plate 2 has the peculiarity that it does not run parallel to the joint 4, which form the visible narrow side of the plates 1 and 2 and by the coincidence of the two perpendicular to the plate surface. 3 the plates formed walls 12 and 13 is defined.
• the walls 10 and 16 thus have the peculiarity that they are not executed as all other millings 90 ° to the longitudinal edge of the panel.
• a comparatively very high latching height and an optimum angle (90 ° to the plate surface or dovetail-like) of the lateral walls 16, 10 can be realized without upsetting, shearing, splitting or bending forces occurring.
• the latch height is the height of the walls 16 and 10 in contact.
• the second plate 2 has corresponding connecting elements 9, 6, 17. From the plate surface 3 performs a vertical locking element 9 down away, which, similar to a spring, can get into the groove 7 of the first plate 1 when the second plate 2 is lowered onto the first plate 1, wherein the two plates in about 1/3 of the joint length 4 overlap.
• the width of the vertical locking element varies in a wedge shape over the length of the plate.
• the width of the vertical locking element 9 of the second plate 2 at the rear end of the second plate 2 is smaller than the measured between the side walls 13 and 10 width of the vertical Groove 7 in the front third of the first plate.
• the second plate 2 has as vertical acting locking element on a parallel to the plate surface 3 acting spring 6.
• the underside of the lateral spring 6 forms, together with the underside of the vertical locking element 9, a flat lower surface 61.
• the upper side of the lateral spring 6 is slightly bevelled, just like the upper groove cheek of the lateral groove 5 of the lower plate 1, for insertion of the lateral To facilitate spring 6 in the lateral groove 5. Therefore, lower manufacturing tolerances must be observed.
• the milling spindles can namely be placed at an angle and can thus use the space made free by the chamfers as a movement space.
• the walls 10 and 16 are not damaged in the passage, since the milling does not have to take place in the immediate vicinity of the walls 10 and 16.
• chamfers also have the advantage that the lateral end of the lateral spring 6 does not have to contact the lateral wall surface 11 in the groove base, but is wedged like a wedge between the groove cheeks of the lateral groove 5. Due to the thus enlarged contact surface a particularly firm connection is effected.
• a second vertical groove 17 extends vertically upwards from the vertical locking element 9 and can receive the second locking element 18 of the lower plate.
• connection The production of the connection will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2a to 2c.
• the new plate 2 is positioned over the laid plate 1 so that the two overlap by about 1/3 of the plate length.
• the new plate 2 is lowered so that the vertical spring 9 can be lowered into the corresponding groove 7 ( Figure 2b).
• the joint connecting joint 4 has at this time still a game " ⁇ " on.
• FIG. 3 now illustrates the structure of a floor with the panels of the invention.
• the already laid Plates are marked with 1 "and 2.
• the connecting joints 4 on the front sides are brought about by the lowering and sliding along the joint 4 according to the invention, while the longitudinal connecting joint 4 'can be effected by bringing the plates in the plane, for example by a snap-in or snap connection ..
• the plate 1 to be newly laid, as explained in Figure 2a, offset from the laid plate 2 is lowered at the short end side, so that the two locking means 9 and 7 of the plates can engage with each other. While the newly laid plate 1 is displaced along the lateral connecting joint 4 in the direction of the already laid plates 1 ", the lateral connecting joint closes 4. At the same time, a snap-in connection is effected on the longitudinal sides 4 'at the same time front and longitudinal locks 4, 4 'causes.
• FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the locking means locked in the end position.
• the edge is shown on which the vertical locking element 9 has the maximum width and the likewise wedge-shaped second locking element 18 has the minimum width.
• the aforementioned elements contact each other along a sliding surface formed by the vertical walls 10 and 16 extending in a wedge shape across the width of the plate. The view shown thus corresponds to the front view of the plates of Figures 1 and 2.
• the contour of the non-visible side walls 10 ", 16" in the rear region of the plate is indicated.
• the distance between the marked wall 10 and the indicated wall 10 " is therefore the maximum possible clearance" ⁇ "by which the plates can be moved perpendicular to the joint 4.
• the vertical walls 12 and 13 adjoining in the region of the common connecting joint 4 can therefore occupy a maximum of this distance " ⁇ .”
• the clearance " ⁇ " is also dimensioned such that it is greater than the length of the spring 6 protruding on the vertical connecting element 9, to allow a lowering of the vertical connecting element 9 in the vertical groove 7 in the starting position.
• the side-mounted spring is thus shorter than the game, which can occur at the joint joint maximum.
• the invention can be carried out as in the scale embodiment, when the length of the lateral spring 6 2 mm, the maximum width of the vertical groove 7 8.7 mm and the minimum width 5.8 mm, so that a game of 2, 9 mm results.
• the maximum and minimum width of the second vertical locking element is therefore 6.7 mm and 3.8 mm. Therefore, results for the formed from the vertical groove 7 and the vertical second locking member 18 lower lip a free length of 12.5 mm.
• a spring length of 2 mm of the lateral spring 6 for vertical locking produces a large closing force and secure connection not achieved in known panels.
• Figure 5 corresponds in dimensioning and naming Figure 4, but serving as sliding vertical side walls 10 and 16 are similar undercut a dovetail, so that a tensile force is exerted on the compound.
• the two surfaces 10, 16 thus get caught, so that a downward deflection is not possible even with strong bending moments acting on the connection.
• FIG. 6 corresponds in dimensioning and naming Figure 4, however, in addition to the first plate 1, a further lateral spring 61 is provided for engagement in a further lateral groove 51 in the second plate 2. These correspond in design and function of the above-described lateral horizontal spring 6 and horizontal lateral groove 5 of the corresponding other plates 2.1.
• the additional tongue-and-groove connection 51, 61 on the underside of the plates prevents the lower groove cheek of the lateral groove 5 from yielding under tensile loading. The locking against height offset thus takes place twice.
• Fig. 6 it can also be seen that the lateral end of the lateral spring 6 does not contact the lateral wall surface 11 in the groove bottom of the groove 5, but is wedged like a wedge between the groove cheeks of the lateral groove 5.
• the connected plates 1, 2 have a substantially point-symmetrical common profile profile, at least in the region of the horizontal springs 6, 61 and grooves 5, 51st
• connection If loaded until the connection breaks, this area is sheared off. If the cross section, which is represented by a length dimension A in FIG. 6, is made larger, the connection becomes stronger.

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• 2004
  • 2004-06-23 AT AT04741874T patent/ATE513098T1/de active
  • 2004-06-23 SI SI200431706T patent/SI1639215T1/sl unknown
  • 2004-06-23 WO PCT/EP2004/051214 patent/WO2005003489A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2004-06-23 PT PT04741874T patent/PT1639215E/pt unknown
  • 2004-06-23 US US10/561,106 patent/US7600354B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-06-23 DK DK04741874.4T patent/DK1639215T3/da active
  • 2004-06-23 EP EP04741874A patent/EP1639215B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2004-06-23 PL PL04741874T patent/PL1639215T3/pl unknown
  • 2004-06-23 ES ES04741874T patent/ES2367634T3/es active Active
  • 2004-06-23 CA CA2526698A patent/CA2526698C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related

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