EP1445670A1 - Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode - Google Patents
Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1445670A1 EP1445670A1 EP03075362A EP03075362A EP1445670A1 EP 1445670 A1 EP1445670 A1 EP 1445670A1 EP 03075362 A EP03075362 A EP 03075362A EP 03075362 A EP03075362 A EP 03075362A EP 1445670 A1 EP1445670 A1 EP 1445670A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- curve
- spiral
- turns
- outside
- hairspring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005459 micromachining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010054197 Gait deviation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000109 continuous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003631 wet chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
- G04B17/34—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring onto the balance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
- G04D3/0002—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe
- G04D3/0035—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe for components of the regulating mechanism
- G04D3/0041—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe for components of the regulating mechanism for coil-springs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
- G04B17/34—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring onto the balance
- G04B17/345—Details of the spiral roll
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
- G04D3/0069—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for working with non-mechanical means, e.g. chemical, electrochemical, metallising, vapourising; with electron beams, laser beams
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a flat balance spring of a balance spring obtained by a manufacturing process which improves isochronism by acting on the one hand on parameters of construction of the hairspring as such, on the other hand, on a method of attachment to the pendulum axis enabling the gap to be reduced geometric inherent in the usual methods of attachment between the point of origin of the Archimedes spiral and the axis of rotation of the pendulum.
- isochronism we by isochronism is understood the gait deviations as a function of variations in amplitude pendulum swing, as well as the deviations from the horizontal position and the vertical positions of the watch.
- a hairspring having turns of uniform section and pitch, allows, by a particular conformation of the curve inside and the curve to outside in the spiral plane or more often in different planes, to get a concentric development of the balance spring and to have a displacement of the center of mass of the balance spring and a variation in the inertia of the balance spring during development minimizing walking disturbances as a function of the amplitude and positions of the spiral with respect to the gravity vector.
- the overall height is a definite drawback for its use in wristwatches which must have, for reasons obvious aesthetics, the thickness as small as possible.
- a flat hairspring such as that represented in FIG. 1.
- Such a hairspring is manufactured in a known manner by backbanding to from a wire or a metal strip of constant section over its entire length, and has at rest a constant step between the turns.
- the inside curve is fixed, for example by laser welding, to a ferrule 20, driven on axis 9 of a pendulum 8.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a flat hairspring and methods of manufacture by micro-machining or galvanic growth, allowing convenient choice of most favorable construction parameters in order to improve isochronism by the shape of the hairspring as well as by the fixing means.
- the invention relates to a flat hairspring, formed of a blade composed of a succession of turns having between them a pitch "p", for a mechanism regulating pendulum, said hairspring being obtained by a manufacturing process which makes it possible to approximate a perfect isochronism.
- the turns of rectangular section are formed from a single continuous material from the inside curve to the outside, but have, on certain portions between the fastener in the center and attaches to the outside, a non-uniform section "s" and / or have one or more several portions shaped outside the layout of a perfect spiral.
- Expression “non-uniform section” means that, for a blade having a constant height "h", the thickness "e” of a chosen portion can be either greater or less than the thickness of the rest of the blade constituting the hairspring.
- the method of manufacturing uses micro-techniques, such as photolithography and the electrodeposition of a metal or an alloy, or the micro-machining of a wafer of thickness "h" made of an amorphous or crystalline material such as silicon under monocrystalline or polycrystalline form.
- the section "s" of the turns increases gradually from the outside curve to the inside curve.
- the pitch "p" between the turns decreases regularly from the curve outside to the curve inside.
- the invention also offers the advantage of being able, at the same time as the hairspring as such, manufacture the means of attachment to the balance axle, this means of fixing being formed by a self-locking washer having in the center, for example, a star outline and having recesses in its periphery to give it sufficient elasticity during assembly and avoid a gap between the point of origin of the Archimedes spiral and the axis of rotation of the pendulum.
- the manufacturing process consists basically to apply the LIGA technique to form a mold corresponding to the profile desired by the hairspring. Given the properties of photoresists currently available on the market, it is possible to adjust the thickness of the photoresist layer to obtain the whole range of hairsprings with blade heights up to a few tenths of a millimeter.
- the method consists basically to etch a wafer of said material through masks.
- FIG. 1 shows a balance spring of the prior art mentioned in the preamble. Its characteristics will serve as a reference to show the significant progress made by the invention in isochronism.
- the hairspring 10 has the end of its curve at the center 11 fixed in a conventional manner on a ferrule 20 driven out on the axis 9 of the pendulum 8 pivoted between the plate 7 and the cock 6.
- the regulating device further comprises in known manner a piton holder 5 for fixing the curve outside 14 of the hairspring 10 and possibly a racket 4 provided with pins 3 and a racket tail 2 opposite a graduation 1.
- a piton holder 5 for fixing the curve outside 14 of the hairspring 10 and possibly a racket 4 provided with pins 3 and a racket tail 2 opposite a graduation 1.
- said hairspring is formed of 14 turns having a uniform rectangular section, for example 0.05 x 0.30 mm from the curve in the center 11 to the curve outside 14 , and that the turns have a constant pitch between them p .
- the attachment point of the curve at the center 11 is located at a distance r from the pivot center of the balance spring, and that of the curve at the outside 14, at a distance R, before the bend 16.
- r and R are 0.57 mm and 2.46 mm respectively.
- FIG. 3A the diagram is shown. of isochronism of a hairspring having the above-mentioned characteristics.
- abscissa the amplitude of oscillation of the balance wheel expressed in degrees relative to its equilibrium position.
- the walking distance expressed in seconds has been reported. per day.
- This diagram has five curves corresponding to the usual positions of measurements with the balance spring, horizontal (curve 1), then vertical (curves 2 to 5, by 90 ° rotation from one curve to another).
- the dotted line corresponds to the envelope of all the most unfavorable positions.
- this maximum deviation with this reference hairspring of art anterior, is 4.7 s / d for an amplitude of 236 °.
- FIG 3B there is shown the diagram obtained with a hairspring (not shown) having the characteristics mentioned in US Patent 209,642 cited in preamble, namely with a blade thickness varying between 0.046 mm for the outside curve 14 and 0.036 mm for inside curve 11. Unlike this that we can wait according to the teaching of said patent we will observe that the difference maximum increased to 7.7 s / d for an amplitude of 230 °.
- a hairspring is described below, the manufacture of which by micromachining (photolithography and galvanic growth, or etching of an amorphous or crystalline material makes it possible to obtain a geometry favorable to isochronism.
- the step p between one turn and the next decreases as we get closer to the center of the balance spring.
- the section increases from the curve outside 14 to the inside curve 11. Since the manufacturing processes give the blade a constant height, the variation in section corresponds in fact to a variation of the thickness which goes from 0.036 mm for the curve to outside 14 to 0.046 mm for the inside curve 11.
- Figures 8 and 9 correspond to a third embodiment in which the curve inside 11 is of Grossmann type 13, that is to say having a geometry such as that described in the book "General theory of watchmaking" by L. Defossez. Such geometry is very difficult to obtain by deformation of a metal blade. The manufacturing process according to the invention, however, allows very easily obtain such a configuration without the intervention of personnel highly qualified.
- the diagram shown in Figure 9 shows that the difference maximum at 300 ° is only 2.1 s / d.
- FIG. 10 shows a hairspring corresponding to the first mode of embodiment ( Figure 4) in which the ferrule 20 is replaced by a washer self-locking 17 formed at the same time as the hairspring 10.
- This washer 17 has in its center a contour 19 such that it allows to block without play the axis 9 of the pendulum 8 by having a certain elasticity provided by lights 18 distributed around the locking contour 19 shown in a star in FIG. 10.
- FIGS. 10A to 10E show other possible conformations of the self-locking washer 17 with a locking contour 19 in triangle, square, hexagonal, circular or ogive shape.
- a hairspring according to the invention in metal or alloy, use is made of the LIGA technique known since the mid-70s.
- the process basically consists of spreading on a previously coated substrate a sacrificial layer a positive or negative photoresist over a thickness corresponding to the desired height "h" of the blade and form by means of a mask by photolithography and chemical attack a hollow structure corresponding to the desired outline for the hairspring.
- said structure is filled in hollow of a metal or metal alloy either by electrodeposition as shown for example in US Patent 4,661,212, either by compression and sintering of nanoparticles, as indicated for example in the US patent application 2001/0038803.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (17)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03075362A EP1445670A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode |
DE602004029762T DE602004029762D1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der resonatorunruh und fabrikationsmethode |
PCT/EP2004/000931 WO2004070476A2 (fr) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiral de resonateur balancier-spiral et son procede de fabrication |
EP06003086A EP1655642B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh |
KR1020057014243A KR20050098881A (ko) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | 스프링된 밸런스 스파이럴 공명기 및 이의 제조방법 |
EP04707219A EP1593004B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der resonatorunruh und fabrikationsmethode |
US10/544,644 US20060055097A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Hairspring for balance wheel hairspring resonator and production method thereof |
CNB2004800033870A CN100435044C (zh) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | 用于游丝摆轮/游丝谐振器的游丝及其制造方法 |
JP2005518308A JP5122073B2 (ja) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | ひげゼンマイ付きテンプの調速機とその製造方法 |
DE602004023518T DE602004023518D1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh |
AT04707219T ATE486304T1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der resonatorunruh und fabrikationsmethode |
EP10151818.1A EP2175328B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Uhrwerk umfassend einen flachen Spiralfeder |
TW093102542A TW200426547A (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-04 | Sprung balance spiral resonator and method for manufacturing the same |
HK06104914A HK1084737A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2006-04-25 | Hairspring for balance wheel/hairspring resonator and production method thereof |
JP2012202260A JP5389999B2 (ja) | 2003-02-06 | 2012-09-14 | ひげゼンマイ付きテンプの調速機とその製造方法 |
US14/681,535 US20150277382A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2015-04-08 | Spiral spring for a sprung balance spiral resonator and method for manufacturing the same |
US16/210,811 US10444706B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2018-12-05 | Spiral spring for a sprung balance spiral resonator and method for manufacturing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03075362A EP1445670A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1445670A1 true EP1445670A1 (de) | 2004-08-11 |
Family
ID=32605375
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03075362A Withdrawn EP1445670A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode |
EP10151818.1A Expired - Lifetime EP2175328B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Uhrwerk umfassend einen flachen Spiralfeder |
EP06003086A Expired - Lifetime EP1655642B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh |
EP04707219A Expired - Lifetime EP1593004B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der resonatorunruh und fabrikationsmethode |
Family Applications After (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10151818.1A Expired - Lifetime EP2175328B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Uhrwerk umfassend einen flachen Spiralfeder |
EP06003086A Expired - Lifetime EP1655642B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh |
EP04707219A Expired - Lifetime EP1593004B1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-02 | Spiralfeder der resonatorunruh und fabrikationsmethode |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20060055097A1 (de) |
EP (4) | EP1445670A1 (de) |
JP (2) | JP5122073B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20050098881A (de) |
CN (1) | CN100435044C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE486304T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE602004029762D1 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1084737A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW200426547A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004070476A2 (de) |
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JP2005106819A (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-04-21 | Asulab Sa | 温度調節されたばねてんぷ共振器 |
EP1596259A1 (de) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-16 | Precision Engineering AG | Verfahren zum Herstellen von metallischen Körpern geringer Höhe, insbesondere von Uhrenbestandteilen |
EP1612627A1 (de) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-04 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Spiralfeder aus zwei Materialen mit Selbstkompensation |
EP1705533A1 (de) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-27 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Zusammenbau eines Teils mit einer Achse |
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EP1868045A1 (de) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-12-19 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Spiralrolle für Uhr |
EP1870784A2 (de) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | Omega SA | Mikromechanische Triebfeder mit durch Stöße geregelter Drehung |
JP2008501967A (ja) * | 2004-06-08 | 2008-01-24 | セーエスエーエム サントル スイス ドュレクトロニック エ ドゥ ミクロテクニック エスアー ルシェルシュ エ デヴロプマン | 温度補償天輪/ヒゲゼンマイ発振器 |
WO2009049591A1 (de) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Konrad Damasko | Verfahren zum herstellen von funktionselementen für uhrwerke sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes funktionselement |
EP2138912A1 (de) | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-30 | Belot, Michel | Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung |
US7641381B2 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2010-01-05 | Gideon Levingston | Mechanical oscillator system |
US7708454B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2010-05-04 | Omega S.A. | Mobile micromechanical element with shock controlled rotation |
US7726872B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2010-06-01 | Gideon Levingston | Balance wheel, balance spring and other components and assemblies for a mechanical oscillator system and methods of manufacture |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20050098881A (ko) | 2005-10-12 |
JP2006516718A (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
US20150277382A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
DE602004023518D1 (de) | 2009-11-19 |
EP1655642B1 (de) | 2009-10-07 |
WO2004070476A3 (fr) | 2004-12-23 |
TW200426547A (en) | 2004-12-01 |
CN100435044C (zh) | 2008-11-19 |
ATE486304T1 (de) | 2010-11-15 |
EP1655642A3 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
EP2175328A3 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
WO2004070476A2 (fr) | 2004-08-19 |
CN1745341A (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
EP1655642A2 (de) | 2006-05-10 |
HK1084737A1 (en) | 2006-08-04 |
JP2013015534A (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
US20190107809A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
DE602004029762D1 (de) | 2010-12-09 |
EP1593004B1 (de) | 2010-10-27 |
EP1593004A2 (de) | 2005-11-09 |
JP5122073B2 (ja) | 2013-01-16 |
US20060055097A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
JP5389999B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
EP2175328A2 (de) | 2010-04-14 |
US10444706B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
EP2175328B1 (de) | 2014-07-30 |
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