EP2434353B1 - Antischwingungsspirale für Uhrenhemmungen - Google Patents

Antischwingungsspirale für Uhrenhemmungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2434353B1
EP2434353B1 EP10181111.5A EP10181111A EP2434353B1 EP 2434353 B1 EP2434353 B1 EP 2434353B1 EP 10181111 A EP10181111 A EP 10181111A EP 2434353 B1 EP2434353 B1 EP 2434353B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
balance
segments
hairspring
spiral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10181111.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2434353A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Zaugg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Breguet SA
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Montres Breguet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA
Priority to EP10181111.5A priority Critical patent/EP2434353B1/de
Priority to JP2011204173A priority patent/JP5372092B2/ja
Priority to CN2011102950664A priority patent/CN102419541B/zh
Priority to US13/246,148 priority patent/US8764281B2/en
Publication of EP2434353A1 publication Critical patent/EP2434353A1/de
Priority to HK12110164.5A priority patent/HK1169494A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2434353B1 publication Critical patent/EP2434353B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/26—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of the impulses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49609—Spring making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anti-gallop hairspring for a clock escapement without stop, of the type escapement trigger.
  • galloping The phenomenon of galloping is well known to those skilled in the art. It mainly concerns relaxation exhausts, and strongly harms when it occurs, to the precision of a timepiece that is equipped.
  • Escapement exhausts are particularly used in precision timepieces because they disturb the isochronism of the oscillator less than the Swiss anchor escapements.
  • escapement For a detailed description of such an escapement, reference will be made to the book theory de l'Horlogerie, chapter 6.7.1. We will confine our here to recalling the principle of the gallop phenomenon of which it is the object.
  • the balance-balance oscillator oscillates between two extreme positions, a so-called 'high' position and a so-called 'low' position. Each of its oscillations comprises a so-called 'ascending' alternation, during which it moves from the low position to the high position, and a so-called 'downward' alternation, during which it switches from the high position to the low position.
  • the escape wheel delivers to the oscillator sprung-balance, an oscillation pulse, during the upward alternation, in a position called 'equilibrium', substantially halfway between the high position and the low position. During the downward alternation, the sprung balance receives no impulse. It will be noted that the ascending and descending alternations are indifferently associated with the contraction or the radial extension of the hairspring.
  • the amplitude of each alternation namely the angular displacement of the oscillator from the equilibrium position to the high or low position, is typically 330 °.
  • the sprung balance may receive an excess of energy and its amplitude exceeds this value, and even exceeds 360 °, a limit value beyond which the sprung balance receives an impulse. additional.
  • the upward alternation can then count two pulses, while the downward alternation can count one.
  • the escape wheel which normally performs a step by oscillation, then performs two or even three steps during a single oscillation. This phenomenon of runaway sprung balance, which self-maintains, is called gallop. It hinders the precision of the movement, because for each additional step made by the escape wheel, the measurement of the time advance of a duration inversely proportional to the oscillation frequency of the spiral balance.
  • Another mechanism disclosed in the application EP 1 645 918 comprises an arm, mounted radially on the last turn of the spiral, which is interposed between a finger integral with the balance beam and two columns mounted on a balance bridge, when the balance spring exceeds a certain angular and radial extension.
  • This device is difficult to implement, mainly because of the extreme precision required for its assembly
  • the document EP1645918 discloses a hairspring to which a clip is hung to abut against columns integral with the bridge of the balance to limit the frolicking of the hairspring in case of impact.
  • the document US3696687 discloses a method of manufacturing a plastic hairspring having material bridges during a manufacturing step.
  • the present invention provides a simple and robust alternative to existing anti-gallop devices. It relates more precisely an anti-gallop hairspring for watch exhaust, defined by claim 1 of the patent.
  • the hairspring is braked or blocked in its rotation without the use of external means likely to disturb its isochronism.
  • the present invention also relates to a clock escapement provided with such an anti-gallop spiral.
  • the anti-gallop spiral represented at equilibrium in figures 1 , 3 , 6, 7 , 8, 9 and 10 and referenced as a whole 1, is formed generally of a blade 10 wound on itself in spiral, so as to have an angular elasticity.
  • the central end 11 of the blade 10 is fixed in a known manner on a shell 20 driven on a balance shaft 21, while its peripheral end 12 is intended to be fixed to a not shown cock.
  • the hairspring 1 comprises a plurality of turns 13, typically between 10 and 15, having between them, in equilibrium, a pitch p.
  • the spiral 1 further comprises a plurality of transverse segments 15, 15 ', 15 "a, 15" b, 15 “c secured to successive turns 13, and arranged angularly to abut one on the other, when the amplitude of rotation of the hairspring 1 exceeds a determined angle ⁇ between 300 ° and 360 °, from its equilibrium position to one of its extreme positions.
  • the hairspring 1 is formed, from the central end 11, of a first spiral portion 14a of connection to the ferrule 20, then of a succession of spiral portions 14 of pitch p, connected together by transverse segments 15 of length l, and finally, of a last spiral portion 14b of connection to a rooster.
  • the segments 15 extend radially, but, alternatively, they may be slightly inclined relative to the radial orientation.
  • the initial radius of a spiral portion 14 is equal to the final radius of a preceding portion 14 increased by the length l of a segment 15.
  • the successive transverse segments 15 are arranged angularly to abut one against the other when the amplitude of the alternation associated with the contraction of the hairspring 1 reaches a determined value ⁇ of between 300 ° and 360 °.
  • N is the number of turns 13 of the hairspring 1, from the central end 11 to the peripheral end 12, R n the radius of the nth turn 13, R 1 and R N , respectively the radii of the first and of the last turn 13.
  • ⁇ n the angular offset at equilibrium, with respect to the radially aligned position, between the transverse segments 15 associated respectively with the nth and n + 1th turns 13, and ⁇ n the angular sector of the nth spiral portion 14.
  • the transverse segments 15 abut one against the other beyond a determined rotation angle en, as shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the turns 13 are then locked in rotation relative to each other and the hairspring 1 has no or almost no angular elasticity. Its rotation movement is suddenly blocked.
  • the galloping phenomenon is thus avoided in the alternation associated with the contraction of the hairspring 1.
  • This alternation will preferably be the upward alternation, since the phenomenon of galloping occurs more frequently during this alternation.
  • the three spiral portions 14 are interconnected by two transverse segments 15 abutting one another when the determined angle ⁇ is reached. In this case, only two consecutive turns lock in rotation relatively to one another, thus slowing the general movement of rotation of the spring 1, instead of blocking it.
  • Such a variant of the first embodiment is illustrated in figure 3 .
  • the hairspring 1 can comprise two, three and up to N 'portions of spiral 14, and, respectively, three, four and up to N '+ 1 transverse segments 15, N' being a function of the number N of turns 13 and the angle ⁇ .
  • the braking of the hairspring 1 increases with the number of spiral portions 14 and transverse segments 15, until complete locking of the hairspring when the number of spiral portions 14 takes the maximum value N '.
  • the segments 15 extend radially slightly beyond the two spiral portions 14 that they connect, and comprise two fingers 16 and 17 at their ends, extending angularly towards the outside of the spiral portions 14 that they connect.
  • the fingers 16 and 17 fit into each other when the segments 15 abut.
  • the segments 15 are then locked radially relative to each other, which gives the hairspring 1, in addition to an angular rigidity, a radial rigidity, when the determined amplitude ⁇ is reached.
  • the locking spiral 1 is ensured even during violent shocks, because the radial elasticity does not compensate, in this case, the angular rigidity.
  • the spiral 1 illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 differs from the embodiment described with regard to Figures 1 and 2 , in that it is formed of a single spiral portion 14, from the central end 11 to the peripheral end 12, which are secured to the transverse segments 15 'and 15 "a and 15" b.
  • the transverse segments 15 ' are of length l greater than or equal to p and less than or equal to 2p, and are integral with the single spiral portion 14 by their middle. They extend substantially radially, but, alternatively, may also be slightly inclined relative to the radial orientation. In this case, the inclination must be chosen so as not to block the return to equilibrium of the hairspring 1, if the determined angle ⁇ is exceeded.
  • the hairspring 1 comprises first transverse segments 15 "a and second transverse segments 15" b, integral with the single spiral portion 14 by one of their ends.
  • Both are of length l greater than or equal to p / 2, less than p.
  • Each turn 13 with the exception of the first and the last, has a transverse segment 15 "a and a transverse segment 15" b.
  • the first turn 13 from the central end 11, has a single transverse segment 15 "oriented outwardly, while the last has only 15" b, facing inwards.
  • the transverse segments 15 "a are aligned radially along a radius of the hairspring 1 and the transverse segments 15" b are offset with respect to the segments 15 "a by an angle ⁇ N.
  • ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 and the angular sector ⁇ n separating them is equal to 360 - ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 .
  • the transverse segments 15 'and 15 "a and 15" b are at least two in number, for a braking effect of the hairspring 1, and not for locking. It will also be noted that, in an advantageous variant, the segments 15 'and 15 "a, 15" b of the spiral 1 described opposite Figures 6 and 7 , comprise fingers 16 and 17 extending angularly and intended to fit into each other to give a radial rigidity spiral 1 in the angular locking position. This effect has already been described above with regard to figures 3 and 4 .
  • the spiral 1 represented in figure 8 differs from the spiral 1 described next to the figure 6 , in that the transverse segments 15 'are arranged to block it when the amplitude of its rotation exceeds a critical value ⁇ in extension and not in contraction.
  • the principle of operation is identical, but the rules of construction are different.
  • the equilibrium angular offset ⁇ n between two transverse segments 15 'associated respectively with the nth and n + 1th turns 13, is well worth ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 , but the angular sector ⁇ n separating them is equal to 360 + ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 .
  • the pitch p of a hairspring 1 increases, when it extends radially, by a value which depends on the amplitude of the alternation and the number N of turns 13.
  • the length l of the transverse segments 15 'must then be provided for them to contact each other during the alternation associated with the extension.
  • each segment 15 ' abuts against a consecutive segment 15' when the amplitude of rotation of the hairspring 1 reaches a determined angle ⁇ in extension, and the rotation of the hairspring 1 is thus blocked.
  • the spiral 1 illustrated in figure 9 differs from the spiral 1 described next to the figure 6 , in that it comprises segments 15 "a and 15" c designed to block its rotation in extension and not in contraction.
  • the segments 15" c point, like the transverse segments 15 “b, towards the inside of the spiral 1, but they are distinguished by their position relative to the segments 15 "a.
  • the offset ⁇ n between a segment 15 "associated with an nth turn 13 and a segment 15" c associated with an n + 1 turn 13, is as before ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 , but the angular sector ⁇ n separating them is equal to 360 + ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 .
  • the length l of segments 15 "a and 15" c is typically 0.8p.
  • Said spiral 1 combines the characteristics of the spiral 1 represented in figure 7 and the spiral 1 shown in figure 9 . It comprises first segments 15 "a, second segments 15" b and third segments 15 “c positioned relatively to each other in the manner described previously described, the transverse segments 15" are thus aligned along a radius of the spiral 1 and the transverse segments 15 "b and 15" c are offset on either side of the segments 15 "a of an angle ⁇ n equal to ⁇ NOT ⁇ R not R NOT - R 1 .
  • the segments 15 abut respectively against the segments 15" b or 15 "c.
  • the spiral 1 according to the invention is made of a material having elastic properties.
  • it will be chosen to manufacture silicon, by a photolithographic process well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a metal spiral for example nickel, gold, or a nickel alloy and gold, obtained by a physico-chemical deposition process type liga.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) für eine Uhrenhemmung, die aus einem von einem Kunststoff verschiedenen Material hergestellt ist und dazu bestimmt ist, zwischen zwei Extrempositionen zu oszillieren und dabei eine Gleichgewichtsposition zu durchlaufen, und eine Mehrzahl von Windungen (13) aufweist und ferner Mittel (15, 15', 15"a, 15"b , 15"c) umfasst, um mindestens zwei aufeinander folgende Windungen (13) zu blockieren, wenn ihre Drehamplitude ausgehend von der Gleichgewichtsposition bis in mindestens eine der Extrempositionen einen bestimmten Winkel Ψ erreicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel mindestens zwei mit zwei aufeinander folgenden Windungen (13) fest verbundene transversale Segmente (15, 15', 15"a, 15"b , 15"c) umfassen, die in der Gleichgewichtsposition winkelversetzt sind, um aneinander anzuschlagen, wenn die Drehamplitude der Spiralfeder (1) aus der Gleichgewichtsposition in die mindestens eine Extremposition den bestimmten Winkel Ψ erreicht.
  2. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel eine Mehrzahl von transversalen Segmenten (15, 15', 15"a, 15"b , 15"c) umfassen, die mit einer Mehrzahl von aufeinander folgenden Windungen (13) fest verbunden sind und in der Gleichgewichtsposition winkelversetzt sind, um aneinander anzuschlagen, wenn die Drehamplitude der Spiralfeder (1) aus der Gleichgewichtsposition bis in die mindestens eine der Extrempositionen den bestimmten Winkel Ψ erreicht.
  3. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die transversalen Segmente (15, 15', 15"a, 15"b , 15"c) radial verlaufen.
  4. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Windungsabstand p besitzt und dass die transversalen Segmente (15) eine Länge (l) im Bereich von p bis 2p besitzen.
  5. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner zwei Verbindungsspiralfederabschnitte (14a, 14b) umfasst.
  6. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus einem einzigen Spiralfederabschnitt (14) gebildet ist, mit dem die transversalen Segmente (15, 15', 15"a, 15"b , 15"c) fest verbunden sind.
  7. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Windungsabstand p besitzt und dass die transversalen Segmente (15') eine Länge l im Bereich von p bis 2p besitzen und in ihrer Mitte mit Windungen (13) fest verbunden sind.
  8. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Windungsabstand p besitzt und dass die transversalen Segmente (15"a, 15"b , 15"c) eine Länge l im Bereich von p/2 bis p aufweisen und durch ihr Ende mit Windungen (13) fest verbunden sind.
  9. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die transversalen Segmente (15"a, 15"b, 15"c) erste Segmente (15"a), die in die äußere Umgebung der Spiralfeder (1) zeigen, und zweite Segmente (15"b, 15"c), die in das Innere der Spiralfeder (1) zeigen, umfassen.
  10. Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus Silicium gebildet ist.
  11. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Galoppverhinderungsspiralfeder (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus Metall gemäß einem Verfahren des LiGA-Typs gebildet ist.
  12. Uhrenhemmung, umfassend ein oszillierendes Organ, das mit einer Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 versehen ist.
  13. Uhrenhemmung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie vom Typ Chronometerhemmung ist.
EP10181111.5A 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 Antischwingungsspirale für Uhrenhemmungen Active EP2434353B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10181111.5A EP2434353B1 (de) 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 Antischwingungsspirale für Uhrenhemmungen
JP2011204173A JP5372092B2 (ja) 2010-09-28 2011-09-20 時計の脱進機のトリップ防止機能付きひげゼンマイ
CN2011102950664A CN102419541B (zh) 2010-09-28 2011-09-27 用于钟表擒纵机构的防脱扣摆轮游丝
US13/246,148 US8764281B2 (en) 2010-09-28 2011-09-27 Anti-trip balance-spring for a timepiece escapement
HK12110164.5A HK1169494A1 (en) 2010-09-28 2012-10-15 Anti-trip balance-spring for a timepiece escapement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10181111.5A EP2434353B1 (de) 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 Antischwingungsspirale für Uhrenhemmungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2434353A1 EP2434353A1 (de) 2012-03-28
EP2434353B1 true EP2434353B1 (de) 2018-01-10

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US (1) US8764281B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2434353B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5372092B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102419541B (de)
HK (1) HK1169494A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8562206B2 (en) * 2010-07-12 2013-10-22 Rolex S.A. Hairspring for timepiece hairspring-balance oscillator, and method of manufacture thereof
EP2690506B1 (de) * 2012-07-25 2015-01-14 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Antischwingungsspirale für Uhr
EP2690507B1 (de) 2012-07-26 2014-12-31 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Spiralfeder einer Uhr
CH706766A2 (fr) 2012-07-26 2014-01-31 Nivarox Sa Spiral d'horlogerie anti-galop.
EP2804054B1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2020-09-23 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Antihaftvorrichtung einer Spiralfeder auf einer Brücke
EP2884347A1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder mit Vorrichtung zum Verhindern der gegenseitigen Annäherung der Federwindungen
EP2884346A1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Polygonale Spirale für Schwinger einer Uhr
EP2908183B1 (de) * 2014-02-14 2018-04-18 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder einer Uhr
EP2908187B1 (de) 2014-02-17 2016-10-19 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Regulierung eines Resonators einer Uhr durch Einwirkung auf die aktive Länge einer Spiralfeder
EP3159748B1 (de) * 2015-10-22 2018-12-12 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder mit reduziertem platzbedarf und variablem durchmesser
WO2019103977A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 Firehouse Horology, Inc. Geometries for hairsprings for mechanical watches enabled by nanofabrication
CN110160339B (zh) * 2018-02-05 2020-10-23 嘉兴诺丁汉工业设计有限公司 一种基于扇形齿轮扰动原理的工业物料用混合干燥设备
JP7246200B2 (ja) * 2019-02-15 2023-03-27 セイコーインスツル株式会社 ひげぜんまい、てんぷ、時計用ムーブメントおよび時計

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696687A (en) * 1971-03-25 1972-10-10 Ametek Inc Plastic hairspring

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IT985551B (it) * 1971-09-27 1974-12-10 Golay Bernard Sa Insieme comprendente una spirala destinata ad essere applicata ad un organo oscillante sottoposto all azione di mezzi che sincroniz zano la frequenza con quella di una frequenza pilota
EP1431844A1 (de) * 2002-12-19 2004-06-23 SFT Services SA Vorrichtung für das Regelelement eines Uhrwerks
EP1445670A1 (de) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode
DE60333076D1 (de) * 2003-04-29 2010-08-05 Patek Philippe Sa Unruh- und fläche Spiralfederregulator für Uhrwerk
EP1645918A1 (de) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-12 Montres Breguet S.A. Vorrichtung zum Galoppschutz für Uhrenhemmung
DE602005013416D1 (de) 2005-12-20 2009-04-30 Montres Breguet Sa Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des guten Gangs eines Uhrenoszillators
EP2151722B8 (de) * 2008-07-29 2021-03-31 Rolex Sa Spiralfeder für Spiralfeder-Unruh-Resonator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696687A (en) * 1971-03-25 1972-10-10 Ametek Inc Plastic hairspring

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2012073248A (ja) 2012-04-12
HK1169494A1 (en) 2013-01-25
JP5372092B2 (ja) 2013-12-18
US20120075963A1 (en) 2012-03-29
CN102419541B (zh) 2013-07-31
CN102419541A (zh) 2012-04-18
US8764281B2 (en) 2014-07-01
EP2434353A1 (de) 2012-03-28

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