EP1413028A1 - Zündkerze - Google Patents
ZündkerzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1413028A1 EP1413028A1 EP02754208A EP02754208A EP1413028A1 EP 1413028 A1 EP1413028 A1 EP 1413028A1 EP 02754208 A EP02754208 A EP 02754208A EP 02754208 A EP02754208 A EP 02754208A EP 1413028 A1 EP1413028 A1 EP 1413028A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- outer edge
- spark plug
- ground electrode
- cross
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001016380 Reseda luteola Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
Definitions
- the invention is based on a spark plug according to the preamble of the main claim.
- Cross-sectional area of the at least one ground electrode increases toward the outer edge of the housing. In this way, the temperature level of the at least one ground electrode can be reduced. As a result, the at least one ground electrode is subject to less wear, for example due to corrosion. Glow ignitions or pre-ignition are also prevented.
- the ground electrode comprises at least one core that is more thermally conductive than a shell of the ground electrode surrounding the core. In this way, the temperature level of the ground electrode can be reduced further and the temperature resistance of the ground electrode can be further increased.
- the ground electrode has a round cross-sectional area.
- the relationship between the surface and the cross-sectional area of the ground electrode is optimal with regard to the lowest possible temperature level and thus the highest possible temperature resistance of the ground electrode.
- ground electrode comprises a first part with a substantially constant cross-sectional area and a second part with a cross-sectional area increasing towards the outer edge of the housing.
- the temperature level of the ground electrode can be reduced if both the first part and the second part of the ground electrode comprise a cross-sectional area that increases towards the outer edge of the housing.
- the second part is arranged on the outer edge of the housing and comprises an opening through which the first part is guided, preferably up to the outer edge of the housing. In this way, the heat flow from the ground electrode can be brought into the colder housing of the spark plug with less thermal resistance.
- the second part has a trapezoidal shape and assumes the radius of the housing in the region of the outer edge of the housing.
- the second part of the ground electrode can be positively connected to the outer edge of the housing or, from a manufacturing point of view, punched or machined in a particularly simple manner from a shoulder of the housing on the combustion chamber side.
- ground electrode is made in one piece with the two parts, preferably by punching or extrusion.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a top view of the first embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention
- Figure 4 is a side view of a ground electrode of the
- FIG. 5a a first cross section of the ground electrode of the first embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 5b a second cross section of the ground electrode of the first embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 5 c a third cross section of the ground electrode of the first embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention in a front view
- FIG. 7 shows a side view of the spark plug according to the invention in accordance with the second embodiment
- 8 shows a ground electrode of the spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 9a) shows a first cross section of the ground electrode of the spark plug according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 9b) shows a second cross section of the ground electrode of the spark plug according to the second embodiment
- Figure 9c a third cross section of the ground electrode of the spark plug according to the invention according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 denotes a spark plug.
- the spark plug 1 comprises a tubular metallic housing 5 which has an outer edge 10 on the combustion chamber side.
- An insulator 90 is embedded in the housing 5, from which a center electrode 95 protrudes on the combustion chamber side.
- the center electrode 95, the insulator 90 and the tubular metallic housing 5 are coaxial with one another.
- Insulator 90 of center electrode 95 protrudes from housing 5 on the combustion chamber side. It can be seen in the side view according to FIG. 2 that a ground electrode 15 is attached to the outer edge 10 of the housing 5. This initially runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 100 of the spark plug 1. Die
- the ground electrode 15 is then bent towards the center electrode 95 and guided over the end face 105 of the center electrode 95.
- the ground electrode 15 is thus designed as a roof electrode in this example.
- the spark plug 1 comprises exactly one ground electrode.
- the spark plug according to the invention can also comprise a plurality of ground electrodes.
- Ground electrodes reach high temperatures depending on the operating state. High temperatures lead to increasing wear of the ground electrodes due to corrosion and can lead to Glow ignition or pre-ignition. New engine concepts increasingly require long spark layers that are advanced into the combustion chamber, which therefore also require longer ground electrode lengths. The temperature load on the ground electrodes thus increases.
- the cross-sectional area of the at least one ground electrode 15 increases towards the outer edge 10 of the housing 5, as can be seen in the front view of FIG. 1.
- the ground electrode 15 is trapezoidal towards the outer edge 10.
- a region 50 of continuous cross-sectional change for the ground electrode 15 is achieved by this trapezoidal shape.
- the cross-sectional change in a predetermined area 55 of the ground electrode 15 can also be designed in a step-like manner, as can be seen in FIG. 4 in dashed form.
- the change in cross-section of the ground electrode 15 can either be only continuous, as shown in FIG. 1, or only step-like, or both continuous and step-like, as shown in FIG. 4, for example.
- the top view according to FIG. 3 shows the width 65 of the ground electrode 15 in the area of the outer edge 10.
- the width 60 of the outer edge 10 of the housing 5 is shown in FIG.
- the cross-sectional area enlargement of the ground electrode 15 toward the outer edge 10 is designed such that the width 65 of the ground electrode 15 in the region of the outer edge 10 does not exceed the width 60 of the outer edge 10.
- the increase in the cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 15 leads to the ground electrode 15 assuming the radius 85 of the outer edge 10 of the tubular housing 5 in the region of its attachment with the outer edge 10 and thus expanding along the circumference of the outer edge 10.
- the attachment of the ground electrode 15 with the outer edge 10 is usually done by a welded joint.
- the ground electrode 15 is extended in the area of the outer edge 10 to approximately one eighth of the circumference of the outer edge 10 in the direction of the annular outer edge 10, the outer edge 10 naturally also being coaxial with the longitudinal axis 100 of the spark plug 1.
- a particularly favorable ratio between the surface of the ground electrode 15 and the cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 15 is obtained if the ground electrode 15 has a round cross-sectional area. In this way, the smallest possible surface area of the ground electrode is obtained without changing the area of the cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 15.
- the width 65 of the ground electrode 15 in the area of the outer edge 10 is limited to the width 60 of the outer edge 10. If the ground electrode 15 nevertheless has a greater width than the width 60 of the outer edge 10, then the ground electrode 15 in the area of the attachment to the outer edge 10, in the case of a welded connection in the area of the weld root, by plastic deformation, for example by pressing the required width 60 of the outer edge 10 are tapered. Additionally or alternatively, the width 60 of the outer edge 10 can also extend up to the inner one
- Sealing seat diameter 110 of the housing 5 can be widened, as can be seen from the dashed extension of the width 60 of the outer edge 10 in FIG. 3.
- the dashed extension bears the reference symbol 115.
- the sealing seat diameter 110 marks the smallest diameter of the tubular metallic housing 5 of the spark plug 1 that occurs at the point within the housing 5 at which the insulator 90 is seated on an annular projection of the housing 5.
- the cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 15 is round, as described above, then it can be provided with a flat surface in the area of the spark gap formed between the center electrode 95 and the ground electrode 15 in order to provide the largest possible burn-up area.
- the flat surface can be stamped on the ground electrode 15 at its area facing the end face 105 of the central electrode 95. This area is identified in FIG. 2 by reference number 120.
- Ground electrode 15 comprises at least one core 125, which is enclosed by a casing 130 of ground electrode 15 and is better thermally conductive than the sheath 130. Such a ground electrode is shown in FIG.
- the core 125 can be made of copper, for example, whereas the shell 130 can be made of a nickel alloy, for example. In this way, the ground electrode 15 is designed as a two-substance ground electrode.
- the core 125 can be introduced into the shell 130, for example by extrusion.
- a structurally particularly simple solution for producing the ground electrode 15 consists in that the ground electrode is manufactured from two parts 70, 75.
- a first part is identified by the reference symbol 70 and a second part by the reference symbol 75.
- the first part 70 comprises an essentially constant cross-sectional area.
- the second part 75 comprises a cross-sectional area increasing towards the outer edge 10 of the housing 5.
- both the first part 70 and the second part 75 each comprise a cross-sectional area that increases toward the outer edge 10 of the housing 5. This can be seen in FIGS. 5a) and 5b).
- a first cross-sectional area of the first part 70 is shown hatched and identified by the reference symbol 20 and is approximately rectangular.
- the first cross-sectional area 20 is most distant from the outer edge 10. It is significantly smaller than a third cross-sectional area 30 of the second part 75 in the region of the connection of the ground electrode 15 to the outer edge 10.
- a second cross-sectional area 25 of the first part 70 is shown hatched and approximately rectangular, the second
- Cross-sectional area 25 is closer to the outer edge 10 than the first cross-sectional area 20 and also larger than the first Cross-sectional area 20 is formed. However, the second cross-sectional area 25 is still smaller than the third cross-sectional area 30.
- FIGS. 5a), 5b) and 5c) thus show an example with a first part 70 and a second part 75, which differ from one another in the shape of their cross-sectional area.
- the cross-sectional areas of the first part 70 and the second part 75 have the same shape.
- the first part 70 as well as the second part 75 can assume a cross section in the form of a ring section with the radius of the outer edge 10.
- any shapes for the cross-sectional areas can be used for the first part 70 and the second part 75, both when using the same shape for the cross-sectional areas of the two parts 70, 75 and when using different cross-sectional area shapes for the two parts 70, 75. In the latter case, any combination of angular, round or elliptical cross-sectional areas can then be provided for the two parts 70, 75.
- FIGS. 5a) and 5b) show an increasing distance from the outer edge 10
- the second part 75 has a cross-sectional area that tapers with increasing distance from the outer edge 10.
- the second part 75 can also comprise a cross-sectional area which is constant over its length, but which should be larger than the largest cross-sectional area of the first part 70 in order to ensure the best possible heat dissipation from the ground electrode 15 to the housing 5.
- a first part 70 with a cross-sectional area that is constant over its length can be combined with a second part 75 with a cross-sectional area that is constant over its length or increases toward the outer edge 10.
- a first part 70 with a cross-sectional area increasing over its length in the direction of the outer edge 10 can be combined with a second part 75 with a cross-sectional area remaining constant over its length or with a cross-sectional area increasing in the direction of the outer edge 10.
- the tapering of the cross-sectional area with increasing distance from the outer edge 10 can take place both for the first part 70 and for the second part 75 in a stepped form, in a conical form, in a trapezoidal form or in any other form.
- the described types of tapering of the cross-sectional area with increasing distance from the outer edge 10 can also be combined with one another in any manner for the two parts 70, 75.
- the second part 75 is arranged between the first part 70 and the outer edge 10 of the housing 5.
- the first part 70 comprises a cross-sectional area that is constant over its length
- the second part 75 comprises a cross-sectional area that tapers along its length with increasing distance from the outer edge 10 and that also has the stepped region 55 according to the broken line in FIG. 4 to reduce cross-sectional area with increasing distance from the outer edge 10 may include.
- the second part 75 can be fastened on the outer edge 10 of the housing 5, for example by welding. The first part 70 can then be welded onto the second part 75.
- the second part 75 takes in accordance with FIG Area of its attachment with the outer edge 10 to the radius 85 of the outer edge 10 and is extended in the area of its attachment to the outer edge 10 to about one eighth of the circumference of the outer edge 10 and adapted in its base to the annular outer edge 10.
- Longitudinal axis 100 may be provided with an opening 80 through which the first part 70 is guided and extends at most to the outer edge 10.
- the first part 70 and the second part 75 are connected to one another in a non-positive or positive manner, for example by welding, and fastened to the outer edge 10 of the housing 5, for example by welding.
- the heat flow can thus be brought from the first part 70 with less heat resistance into the colder housing 5 of the spark plug 1, especially when the first part 70 extends to the outer edge 10. Otherwise corresponds to
- FIGS. 6 and 7 describe a second exemplary embodiment which is characterized by the first part 70 inserted into the opening 80 of the second part 75.
- the second part 75 can be tapered trapezoidally over its length in its cross-sectional area with increasing distance from the outer edge 10, whereas the first part 70 can be constant in its cross-sectional area over its length, as shown in FIG. 6.
- the second part 75 can assume the radius 85 of the housing 5 according to FIG. 3 in the region of its attachment to the outer edge 10 of the housing 5 and there extend to approximately one eighth of the circumference of the outer edge 10 and to the ring shape of the outer edge 10 be adapted.
- the use of the core 125 is shown with a better thermal conductivity than the shell 130.
- the core according to FIG. 8 can extend over the entire length of the second part 75 and continuously over part of the length of the first part 70.
- FIG. 8 again shows an example in which the cross-sectional area of the first part 70 does not change over its length, whereas the cross-sectional area of the second part 75 tapers in a trapezoidal manner with increasing distance from the outer edge 10 and thus to the first part 70.
- FIGS. 9a) and 9b An example is shown in FIGS. 9a) and 9b), in which the cross-sectional area of the first part 70 also tapers with increasing distance from the outer edge 10.
- a fourth cross-sectional area of the first part 70 is shown hatched and identified by the reference symbol 35.
- This fourth cross-sectional area 35 has an approximately rectangular shape and is so far removed from the outer edge 10 of the housing 5 that it only cuts the enclosing shell 130.
- reference numeral 30 again represents the third cross-sectional area 30 of the second part 75 in the region of the attachment of the second part 75 with the outer edge 10.
- the third cross-sectional area 30 is significantly larger than the fourth cross-sectional area 35.
- a fifth cross-sectional area of the first part 70 is shown, which is closer to the outer edge 10 than the fourth cross-sectional area 35 and intersects both the enclosing sheath 130 and the core 125. It therefore comprises a first part 40 of the surrounding sheath 130 and a second part 41 of the core 125.
- the fifth cross-sectional area with the first part 40 and the second part 41 is overall larger than the fourth
- FIG. 9 c) now shows the third cross-sectional area 30, which is now composed of a first part 45 of the surrounding sheath 130 and a second part 46 of the core 125.
- Pure silver or pure nickel can be used as the material for the second part 75.
- 75 alloys with the main components aluminum, silver, copper, magnesium and nickel can be used for the second part.
- the first part 70 and the second part 75 can be made of the same material.
- Ground electrode 15 with the two parts 70, 75 be made in one piece.
- the production can e.g. by punching out or by extrusion.
- the second part 75 is not welded onto the outer edge 10 of the housing 5.
- the housing 5 can initially be made on the combustion chamber side beyond the outer edge 10 with a shoulder, which is machined down to a web of, for example, approximately one eighth of the circumference of the outer edge 10 or is stamped to one of the shapes described above.
- the web of the housing 5 which thus protrudes in the combustion chamber beyond the outer edge 10 then forms the second part 75, onto which the first part 70 is welded as the actual ground electrode. Due to the shortened ground electrode length, this results in a reduction in the ground electrode temperature.
- the second part 75 is formed in one piece with the housing 5.
- the spark plug 1 can have a plurality of ground electrodes, each in accordance with one of the exemplary embodiments described can be formed, wherein several identical and / or several differently designed ground electrodes can be provided. Only one of these ground electrodes can be designed as a roof electrode as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10129040 | 2001-06-15 | ||
| DE10129040A DE10129040A1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Zündkerze |
| PCT/DE2002/002169 WO2002103869A1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-06-14 | Zündkerze |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1413028A1 true EP1413028A1 (de) | 2004-04-28 |
| EP1413028B1 EP1413028B1 (de) | 2012-11-28 |
Family
ID=7688383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02754208A Expired - Lifetime EP1413028B1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-06-14 | Zündkerze |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6917145B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1413028B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004521473A (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0205608A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10129040A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002103869A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1837964B1 (de) * | 2006-03-20 | 2014-02-12 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Zündkerze für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
| JP4700638B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2011-06-15 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 内燃機関用スパークプラグ |
| DE102006041161A1 (de) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-06 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Zündkerze für einen Wasserstoff-Verbrennungsmotor |
| JP4716971B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-30 | 2011-07-06 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 内燃機関用スパークプラグ |
| JP2012256445A (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-27 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ |
| DE102011080356A1 (de) * | 2011-08-03 | 2013-02-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerze |
| US9285120B2 (en) * | 2012-10-06 | 2016-03-15 | Coorstek, Inc. | Igniter shield device and methods associated therewith |
| JP6276216B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-02 | 2018-02-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR784679A (fr) * | 1934-01-29 | 1935-07-22 | K L G Sparking Plugs Ltd | Perfectionnements aux bougies d'allumage |
| DE2520622A1 (de) * | 1975-05-09 | 1976-11-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Zuendkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| FR2492601A1 (fr) * | 1980-10-17 | 1982-04-23 | Eyquem | Bougie d'allumage par etincelles perfectionnee |
| GB2189545B (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1990-03-14 | John Rendell Conrad Pedersen | Sparking plug |
| US5210457A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1993-05-11 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Outer electrode for spark plug and a method of manufacturing thereof |
| DE9110600U1 (de) * | 1991-08-27 | 1992-01-02 | BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Zündkerze |
| JPH08213149A (ja) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-08-20 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | スパークプラグ |
| JP3461637B2 (ja) | 1995-11-02 | 2003-10-27 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 内燃機関用スパークプラグ |
| JPH09260025A (ja) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 多極スパークプラグおよびその製造方法 |
| DE19623989C2 (de) | 1996-06-15 | 1998-07-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
| JP2000150108A (ja) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-30 | Ryohei Kuro | 火炎伝播性を改善した点火プラグ |
-
2001
- 2001-06-15 DE DE10129040A patent/DE10129040A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-06-14 BR BR0205608-9A patent/BR0205608A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-14 US US10/344,904 patent/US6917145B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-14 WO PCT/DE2002/002169 patent/WO2002103869A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-06-14 JP JP2003506069A patent/JP2004521473A/ja active Pending
- 2002-06-14 EP EP02754208A patent/EP1413028B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02103869A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0205608A (pt) | 2003-06-10 |
| WO2002103869A1 (de) | 2002-12-27 |
| US6917145B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 |
| JP2004521473A (ja) | 2004-07-15 |
| DE10129040A1 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
| US20040041505A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
| EP1413028B1 (de) | 2012-11-28 |
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