EP1376505B1 - Brandmelder - Google Patents
Brandmelder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1376505B1 EP1376505B1 EP02013657A EP02013657A EP1376505B1 EP 1376505 B1 EP1376505 B1 EP 1376505B1 EP 02013657 A EP02013657 A EP 02013657A EP 02013657 A EP02013657 A EP 02013657A EP 1376505 B1 EP1376505 B1 EP 1376505B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- detector
- fire detector
- detector according
- temperature sensors
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
- G08B17/113—Constructional details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire detector with a detector insert, which has a sensor arrangement and an evaluation, and with a housing surrounding the sensor assembly with openings for the access of room air and possibly smoke to the sensor array.
- the sensor arrangement can have, for example, an electro-optical sensor for detecting the scattered light generated by smoke in the ambient air, or a temperature sensor for detecting the heat generated in a fire or a gas sensor for detecting combustion gases or combinations of these sensors.
- an electro-optical sensor for detecting the scattered light generated by smoke in the ambient air
- a temperature sensor for detecting the heat generated in a fire
- a gas sensor for detecting combustion gases or combinations of these sensors.
- the invention will now be a unification of the detector inserts and the housing and thus a reduction in costs are made possible.
- the aim is that a single housing can be used for different types of detectors.
- the detector has a modular structure and is designed to accommodate detection modules for different fire parameters, all detection modules being compatible with a single housing.
- the modular design with a housing and different compatible detection modules results in a universally usable detector with a uniform external appearance. This looks aesthetically pleasing and also causes a noticeable reduction in manufacturing costs.
- optical-thermal detectors which have an electro-optical sensor and a temperature sensor.
- the temperature sensor is located at the level below the electro-optical sensor, preferably in the center axis of the detector.
- the above-mentioned access openings are at this lower level. This results in a "multi-level" structure of the detector that determines the detector height. For aesthetic reasons, however, the smallest possible height of the detector is often desired.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a fire detector with a compatible with the various detection modules housing of the lowest possible height.
- the detector according to the invention is therefore a relatively flat detector which can be used both as a multi-criteria and as a single-criteria detector.
- the small height of the detector is made possible by the arrangement of the sensor arrangement and the access openings on one level.
- the inventive fire detector is also characterized in that the detection modules have a same for all types of detectors and usable in the detector carrier plate, which is designed to receive the sensors for the different fire parameters.
- a first preferred embodiment is characterized in that the support plate has on its underside facing the detector tip housing for receiving components of an electro-optical sensor system and is formed on its upper side for mounting a transmitter carrying the transmitter.
- a second preferred embodiment of the inventive fire detector is characterized in that the housing has a detector hood, which consists of an annular upper and a spaced from this and forming the tip of the detector lower part.
- the intermediate space between the two parts of the detector hood forms said access openings and said lower part is connected to the upper part by arcuate or rib-like webs.
- a third preferred embodiment is characterized in that an optical detection module is provided for the measurement of smoke-induced scattered light which has at least one light source, a light receiver, a measuring chamber and a labyrinth system with diaphragms arranged on the periphery of the measuring chamber, wherein the at least one Light source and the light receiver are mounted in the housings on the underside of the support plate and the labyrinth system formed lid-like and can be fixed on the support plate.
- a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that a thermal detection module is provided with two temperature sensors which are mounted radially opposite each other on the circuit board and protrude from the latter through the support plate downwards.
- a development of this embodiment is characterized in that the said webs are formed in the form of wings or tabs with a vertically extending recess and provided in an even number, and that the temperature sensors in such a way each protrude from above against one of the webs that their free ends are directly in or behind the recess.
- the thermal detection module has a cover plate which can be fixed on the carrier plate for covering the housing provided for the electro-optical sensor system, and openings for the passage of the temperature sensors and a partition wall extending radially between the temperature sensors for obtaining a directed air flow are provided on the cover plate.
- a further preferred embodiment of the inventive fire detector is characterized in that an optical-thermal detection module for the measurement of scattered light caused by smoke and for temperature measurement is provided which has an electro-optical sensor system and two temperature sensors, the latter being arranged laterally next to the optical sensor system ,
- the temperature sensors are mounted radially opposite each other on the circuit board and lie with their free ends in the region of one of said webs.
- the webs are formed so as to protect the one hand, the temperature sensors from mechanical effects and on the other hand to ensure the most undisturbed air flow of the temperature sensors.
- FIG. 1 shows a view of a part of the optical sensor system 2 in a cross section through the detector as seen from below.
- the base 1 is intended for mounting on the ceiling of the room to be monitored, with the installation either directly on a flush box or surface-mounted with or without socket addition he follows.
- the base 1, which essentially consists of a circular plate and a downwardly projecting edge web, contains inter alia a plug connector 4 (FIGS. 3, 4) which is provided for receiving a contact strip 5 (FIG. 4) connected to the sensor system ,
- the optical sensor system 2 includes a plate-shaped carrier 6 for the optical sensor, a fixed to the underside of the carrier 6 lid-shaped labyrinth 7, arranged on the base 1 facing the upper side of the carrier 6 arranged circuit board 8 with the transmitter and a printed circuit board 8 am Edge and upwardly covering cover 9, which forms part of the housing 3.
- the contact strip 5 is an integral part of the support plate 6 and protrudes from this upwards.
- the cover 9 has substantially the shape of a plate with a peripheral collar at the edge and with an opening 10 for the passage of the contact strip 5, so that this projects into the plane of the socket 1 arranged in the socket strip 4.
- the optical sensor shown in FIG. 2 includes a measuring chamber formed by the carrier 6 and the labyrinth 7 with a light receiver 11 and two light sources 12, 12 ', which are each arranged in a housing 13, 14, 15.
- These housings consist of a bottom part, in which the respective diode (photodiode or IRED) is held, and which has a window opening for the entrance or exit of light at its front side facing the center of the measuring chamber.
- the scattering space formed in the measuring chamber in the region in front of the mentioned window-like openings of the housings 13, 14, 15 is compact and exposed.
- This arrangement and shape makes the detector for the use of a usable in this scattering space transparent body for smoke simulation best suited.
- Such transparent bodies are used to adjust or test for smoke sensitivity in the manufacture of the detectors (see EP-B-0 658 264).
- the frames of the window openings are integrally formed at least in the housings 14 and 15, whereby the tolerances for the smoke sensitivity are reduced.
- the window frames consist of two parts, one of which is worked on the ceiling and the other at the bottom of the measuring chamber.
- the windows are rectangular or square and between the window openings and the associated light source 12, 12 'and the lens of the associated light receiver 11 is a relatively large distance, resulting in a relatively small opening angle of the respective light beams.
- a small opening angle of the light beams has the advantage that, on the one hand, hardly any light of the light sources 12, 12 'hits the ground and, on the other hand, the light receiver 11 does not "see” the ground, so that dust particles deposited on the floor can not produce disturbing scattered light.
- Another advantage the large distance between the windows and the light source 12, 12 'and the lens of the light receiver 11 is that the penetrated by light optical surfaces are relatively deep inside the housing and are thus well protected against contamination, resulting in a constant sensitivity of opto result in electronic elements.
- the labyrinth 7 consists of a bottom and peripherally arranged aperture 16 and it contains flat cover for said housing 13, 14, 15.
- the bottom and the panels 16 serve to shield the measuring chamber against extraneous light from the outside and to suppress the so-called background light ( see also EP-A-0 821 330 and EP-A-1 087 352).
- the peripherally arranged aperture 16 each consist of two legs and have an L-shaped configuration. Due to the shape and arrangement of the aperture 16, in particular by their mutual distance, it is ensured that the measuring chamber is adequately shielded from extraneous light and still their function can be checked with an optical test device (EP-B-0 636 266). In addition, the panels 16 are arranged asymmetrically, so that smoke from all directions can penetrate similarly well into the measuring chamber.
- the directed against the measuring chamber leading edge of the aperture 16 is formed as sharp as possible, so that only a little light fall on such an edge and can be reflected.
- the arrangement of the two light sources 12 and 12 ' is selected so that the optical axis of the light receiver 11 with the optical axis of the one light source, according to the light source 12, a blunt and with the optical axis of the other light source, according to the light source 12', includes an acute angle.
- the light of the light source 12, 12 ' is scattered by smoke entering the measuring chamber and a portion of this scattered light is incident on the light receiver 11, with an obtuse angle between the optical axes of light source and light receiver of forward scattering and at an acute angle between the light source optical axes of backward scattering speaks.
- the carrier 6 is prepared accordingly and has provided in the housings 13, 14 and 15 grooves (not shown) in which polarizing filter can be fixed.
- polarizing filter can be fixed.
- light sources 12, 12 'diodes can be used, which emit radiation in the wavelength range of visible light (see EP-A-0 926 646), or the light sources can emit radiation of different wavelengths, for example the one light source red and the other blue light.
- the housing 3 of the smoke detector is constructed substantially in two parts and consists of the already mentioned cover 9 and a sensor sensor system 2 comprehensive detector hood 17.
- the latter consists of an upper annular portion and a spaced therefrom, the tip of the detector forming plate which is connected to the upper annular part by arcuate or rib-like webs 18.
- the space designated by the reference numeral 19 between the upper and the lower part of the detector hood 17 forms a running over the entire housing circumference opening for the entry of air and thus smoke to the optical sensor system 2, said opening is interrupted only by the relatively narrow webs 18 , There is an even number of webs 18 is provided, according to four.
- the detector hood 17 and the cover 9 are fixed to the carrier 6 via hook-type snap fasteners (not shown) and the entire detector is fastened in the base 1.
- a ring 20 is inserted, which carries an insect screen 21 made of a suitable flexible material.
- the carrier 6 is pressed against the ring 20, whereby the insect screen 21 is fixed in the detector.
- the attachment of the detector in the base 1 is done by a kind of bayonet lock.
- the detector is pushed from below into the base 1, which is possible due to a formed by guide ribs and grooves mechanical coding only in a single relative position between the detector and socket. Then, the detector in the base 1 is rotated by an angle of about 20 ° (Fig.
- the contact strip 5 is integrated on the upper side of the carrier 6 in so-called insert technique and manufactured in one piece with the carrier 6.
- the electrical connections are made to a cast into the carrier 6 stamped part with metallic, mutually insulated metal conductors. The free ends of these metal conductors protrude next to the contact strip 5 from the carrier 6 and form contact points for the production of solder joints to the transmitter on the circuit board. 8
- a light guide 22 is fixed to the bottom of the labyrinth 7 forming member, which projects on the one hand up to the circuit board 8 and on the other hand through a hole in the lower part of the detector hood 17 from the detector hood.
- the detector hood is provided in the region of said bore with a spherical recess 23 which surrounds the free end of the light guide 22.
- the light guide 22 serves as a so-called alarm indicator for the visual display of alarm conditions of the detector.
- an LED (not shown) is provided for this purpose, which is activated in an alarm condition and the light guide 22 is exposed to light.
- a detector sends an alarm signal, then it is usually a visual check whether the alarm indicator also indicates an alarm. It is clear that the alarm indicator should be visible on all sides for this check. Where this is not the case, the detectors must be mounted in the interstitial space so that the alarm indicator is clearly visible from the door. For purely thermal detectors where there are no restrictions on the location of the alarm indicator due to the lack of an optical sensor, the alarm indicator is often located at the detector apex (see US-A-5 450 066).
- the alarm indicator requires little power and, because it is located in the area of the detector apex, it is practically visible on all sides. The visibility from all sides is only given from a viewing angle of 20 ° to the horizontal, but since the detector is mounted on the ceiling, this condition is met in most cases.
- the light guide 22 is guided through the measuring chamber in the area between the housings 14 and 15.
- the two housings 14 and 15 are connected to one another at their front side and thus form, with their inner side surfaces and the connecting surface between them, a wall surrounding the optical waveguide 22 which largely shields the scattering space of the measuring chamber from the optical waveguide 22.
- the smoke detector described so far is a purely optical detector with smoke detection based on the scattered light caused by smoke particles that have penetrated into the measuring chamber.
- the detector can be designed as a two-criteria detector and additionally contain a temperature sensor.
- two temperature sensors 24 formed by NTC resistors are provided, which are arranged in the region of two mutually opposite webs 18.
- the webs 18 have in the middle of an elongated recess 25, in which from above the temperature sensors 24 protrude, which are mounted on the circuit board 8.
- Optical thermal detectors are known, so that a description of the signal evaluation is omitted here.
- the detector could contain other sensors, such as a fire gas sensor (CO, NO x ), which could be arranged at correspondingly small dimensions within the measuring chamber.
- CO, NO x fire gas sensor
- the smoke detector described so far is a purely optical detector with smoke detection based on the scattered light caused by smoke particles that have penetrated into the measuring chamber.
- the detector can be designed as a two-criteria detector and additionally contain a temperature sensor.
- two temperature sensors 24 formed by NTC resistors are provided, which are arranged in the region of two mutually opposite webs 18.
- the webs 18 have in the middle of an elongated recess 25, in which from above the temperature sensors 24 protrude, which are mounted on the circuit board 8.
- Optical thermal detectors are known, so that a description of the signal evaluation is omitted here.
- the detector could contain other sensors, such as a fire gas sensor (CO, NO x ), which could be arranged at correspondingly small dimensions within the measuring chamber.
- CO, NO x fire gas sensor
- optical, optical-thermal and thermal fire detectors are in use today, whereby gas detectors can still be used for these.
- the optical, thermal and optical thermal detectors may additionally have a fire gas sensor.
- the detector shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 covers the variants visually and optically-thermally (possibly supplemented by a fire gas sensor), wherein of course in the purely optical detector no temperature sensors 24 are provided. Apart from that, but the detector structure in the two variants previously described mechanically completely the same.
- the detector can also serve as the basis for a purely thermal detector without any conceptual changes to the base or housing. Since the mechanical main components and the structure of the detector are always the same in all cases, a family of fire detectors with sensors for different fire characteristics is proposed, which manages with a single, in all cases the same housing and a single base and thus allows substantial savings.
- the cover plate 26 is a very essential part of the thermal fire detector because, among other things, it allows one and the same support 6 to be used for the different types of detectors. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 7, which shows a view of the cover plate 26 from below, this has the contour of the housing 13, 14 and 15 adapted openings through which said housing with their lower ends protrude. In addition, elastic tongues 27, 28 and 29 are provided on the cover plate 26, which serve to cover the housing 13, 14, 15 and are snapped into this. In addition, the cover plate 26 has a tubular holder 30 for the light guide 22, two openings for the temperature sensors 24 and extending therebetween a partition wall 31, which serves to achieve a directed air flow.
- the partition wall 31 makes a significant contribution to the fact that the described thermal fire detector has a homogeneous sensitivity and meets the strict requirements of the standard EN 54/5, class A1. Together with the webs 18, the dividing wall 31 directs the incoming air through the housing to the sensors 24.
- the response of the temperature sensors provides an indication of the location of the fire, assuming that the fire is on the detector side with the higher temperature sensor.
- Another advantage of using two temperature sensors 24 is the associated redundancy.
- the two sensors monitor each other and drift or aging are noticeable much earlier than with just one sensor.
- the monitoring of both sensors over a longer period of time must result in both about the same temperature. If not, one of the sensors has a fault.
- optical-thermal detector shown in Figures 1 to 5 can be achieved by using a double-photodiode as a light receiver 11 optimal redundancy (two light transmitter, two light receivers, two temperature sensors).
- the detection module for an optical detector consists of the support 6, the optoelectronic elements 11, 12, 12 ', the labyrinth 7 and the grid 21 with the ring 20, the detection module for a thermal detector from the support 6, the thermal sensors 24 and Cover plate 26, and the detection module for an optical-thermal detector the carrier 6, the opto-electronic elements 11, 12, 12 ', the labyrinth 7, the grid 21 with the ring 20 and the thermal sensors 24, wherein of course the circuit board 8 is also specific to the detector type.
- the sensor in question would also be mounted on the support 6 if possible.
- Another possibility is to arrange the gas sensor laterally next to the fire detector or in a separate, remote from the detector and preferably arranged laterally next to this or molded onto this, housing.
- Options for further modules include, for example, a module for measuring the radiation power, a camera, or an alarm module with an acoustic alarm transmitter (see EP 01 128 683.8).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
Priority Applications (17)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT02013657T PT1376505E (pt) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Alarme de incendio |
AT02013657T ATE318000T1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Brandmelder |
ES02013657T ES2260357T3 (es) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Detector de incendios. |
DE50205813T DE50205813D1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Brandmelder |
EP02013657A EP1376505B1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Brandmelder |
DK02013657T DK1376505T3 (da) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Branddetektor |
AU2003233745A AU2003233745B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Fire detector |
CA2489933A CA2489933C (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Fire detector |
KR1020047020789A KR101019839B1 (ko) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | 화재 탐지기 |
US10/518,609 US7463159B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Fire detector |
PCT/CH2003/000381 WO2004001694A1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Brandmelder |
CNB03819824XA CN100449573C (zh) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | 火警报警器 |
HU0501096A HU226178B1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Fire detector |
JP2004514497A JP2005530257A (ja) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | 火災警報器 |
PL03373368A PL373368A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-13 | Fire detector |
NO20050310A NO331469B1 (no) | 2002-06-20 | 2005-01-20 | Brannvarsler |
HK06103665.2A HK1083662A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2006-03-23 | Fire detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02013657A EP1376505B1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Brandmelder |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1376505A1 EP1376505A1 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
EP1376505B1 true EP1376505B1 (de) | 2006-02-15 |
Family
ID=29716802
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02013657A Expired - Lifetime EP1376505B1 (de) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Brandmelder |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7463159B2 (no) |
EP (1) | EP1376505B1 (no) |
JP (1) | JP2005530257A (no) |
KR (1) | KR101019839B1 (no) |
CN (1) | CN100449573C (no) |
AT (1) | ATE318000T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU2003233745B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA2489933C (no) |
DE (1) | DE50205813D1 (no) |
DK (1) | DK1376505T3 (no) |
ES (1) | ES2260357T3 (no) |
HK (1) | HK1083662A1 (no) |
HU (1) | HU226178B1 (no) |
NO (1) | NO331469B1 (no) |
PL (1) | PL373368A1 (no) |
PT (1) | PT1376505E (no) |
WO (1) | WO2004001694A1 (no) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008026701A1 (de) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | Rheinmagnet Horst Baermann Gmbh | Organisationsmagnet |
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DE102004002592A1 (de) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brandmelder |
DE102005010454A1 (de) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gassensor |
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2002
- 2002-06-20 ES ES02013657T patent/ES2260357T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-20 EP EP02013657A patent/EP1376505B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-20 PT PT02013657T patent/PT1376505E/pt unknown
- 2002-06-20 DK DK02013657T patent/DK1376505T3/da active
- 2002-06-20 DE DE50205813T patent/DE50205813D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-20 AT AT02013657T patent/ATE318000T1/de active
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- 2003-06-13 JP JP2004514497A patent/JP2005530257A/ja active Pending
- 2003-06-13 CN CNB03819824XA patent/CN100449573C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-13 CA CA2489933A patent/CA2489933C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-13 WO PCT/CH2003/000381 patent/WO2004001694A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-06-13 PL PL03373368A patent/PL373368A1/xx unknown
- 2003-06-13 HU HU0501096A patent/HU226178B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 US US10/518,609 patent/US7463159B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-13 KR KR1020047020789A patent/KR101019839B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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2005
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DE102008026701A1 (de) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | Rheinmagnet Horst Baermann Gmbh | Organisationsmagnet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003233745B2 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
EP1376505A1 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
NO20050310D0 (no) | 2005-01-20 |
JP2005530257A (ja) | 2005-10-06 |
CA2489933C (en) | 2012-05-29 |
ES2260357T3 (es) | 2006-11-01 |
WO2004001694A1 (de) | 2003-12-31 |
US7463159B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
PT1376505E (pt) | 2006-06-30 |
HUP0501096A2 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
HU226178B1 (en) | 2008-06-30 |
US20060007009A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
AU2003233745A1 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
PL373368A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 |
DE50205813D1 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
NO20050310L (no) | 2005-01-20 |
CN100449573C (zh) | 2009-01-07 |
KR20050006292A (ko) | 2005-01-15 |
KR101019839B1 (ko) | 2011-03-04 |
HK1083662A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 |
DK1376505T3 (da) | 2006-06-19 |
CA2489933A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
NO331469B1 (no) | 2012-01-09 |
ATE318000T1 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
CN1675659A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
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