EP1366647A1 - Appareil de production de plasma a basse temperature et a pression atmospherique - Google Patents

Appareil de production de plasma a basse temperature et a pression atmospherique

Info

Publication number
EP1366647A1
EP1366647A1 EP02700834A EP02700834A EP1366647A1 EP 1366647 A1 EP1366647 A1 EP 1366647A1 EP 02700834 A EP02700834 A EP 02700834A EP 02700834 A EP02700834 A EP 02700834A EP 1366647 A1 EP1366647 A1 EP 1366647A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
plasma
discharge
power supply
temperature plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02700834A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1366647A4 (fr
Inventor
Kee-Seok Nam
Sang-Ro Mugunghwa Hanyang Apt. 109-1903 LEE
Koo-Hyun Lee
Jong-Ju Korea Inst. of Machinery & Materials RHA
Jong-Kuk Korea Inst of Machinery & Materials KIM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SE Plasma Inc
Original Assignee
SE Plasma Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SE Plasma Inc filed Critical SE Plasma Inc
Publication of EP1366647A1 publication Critical patent/EP1366647A1/fr
Publication of EP1366647A4 publication Critical patent/EP1366647A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
    • H01J37/32036—AC powered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
    • H05H2245/17—Exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/30—Medical applications
    • H05H2245/36—Sterilisation of objects, liquids, volumes or surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma in a high density at atmospheric pressure with low discharge initiation and maintenance voltages.
  • plasma is defined as a partially ionized gas composed of a nearly equal number of positive and negative free charges so that it is electrically neutral.
  • plasma is of very high reactivity, chemically and physically.
  • Low-temperature plasma is used to synthesize various materials, such as metals, semiconductors, polymers, nylon, plastic, paper, fiber, and ozone, or to modify surface properties of materials with a concomitant improvement in various physical and chemical properties such as junction strength, dyeing properties, printability, etc. Accordingly, low-temperature plasma finds numerous applications in semiconductor, metal, ceramic thin film synthesis, and cleaning fields.
  • low-temperature plasma can be generated in a vacuum vessel of low pressure.
  • an apparatus which is expensive on the whole.
  • materials to be treated are large in size, it is difficult to apply plasma to them.
  • Another problem with plasma treatment is difficulty in automation of plasma processes. Further to these, plasma has difficulty in treating materials which show high vapor pressures or are degassed, such as rubber, biomaterials, etc.
  • a corona discharge is a discharge of electricity appearing as a bluish-purple glow on the surface of and adjacent to a conductor when the voltage gradient exceeds a critical value.
  • streamer plasma is generated from the electrodes.
  • a dielectric barrier discharge utilizes the charge accumulation resulting from dielectric polarization to form a reverse potential at which the discharge is halted, that is, it takes advantage of a pulse discharge, thereby preventing the development of arc discharges.
  • plasma is generated in the form of a streamer that is not homogeneous and is low in density. Additionally, because the gap between two electrodes is narrow, a corona discharge is difficult to apply to targets of three-dimensional shape. Also, other problems with the coronal discharge include noise generation and a short electrode lifetime.
  • the dielectric barrier discharge does not ensure the generation of homogenous, diffused plasma over a large area, as in the corona discharge.
  • the dielectric barrier discharge is low in plasma density, and the distance between two electrodes is so narrow as to limit the size and shape of a target to be treated.
  • gases with high discharge initiation and maintenance potentials such as argon, oxygen and nitrogen, are used, both the corona discharge and the dielectric barrier discharge techniques require a high-voltage power supply.
  • the power supply is difficult to operate and manage because of its being expensive and high in electricity consumption.
  • an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure comprising: a couple of electrodes facing each other at a distance, one of them being connected to a power supply, the other being grounded; a couple of dielectrics with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m-10 mm, positioned on the facing surfaces of the electrodes in such a way as to face each other, one of them having at least one discharge gap therein; and a conductor electrode having at least one tip positioned within the discharge gap, in which an electric field is applied at an intensity of 1-100 KV/cm through the power supply across the electrodes by use of a pulse direct current or an alternating current in a frequency bandwidth of 50 Hz-10 GHz while a reaction gas is fed between the electrodes .
  • the plasma generated from the apparatus of the present invention is suitable to form radicals of high energy, which have numerous applications in various fields, including bonding, polishing, cleaning, thin films deposition, sterilization, disinfection, ozone generation, printing, dyeing, etching of various materials such as metal, rubber, fibers, paper, synthetic resins and semiconductors.
  • application fields of the plasma include purification of tap water and waste water, purification of air and automobile exhaust gas such as SO x and NO x , combustion of fuels, manufacture of highly luminous lamps, etc.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plate structure of electrodes in a cross sectional view, suitable for use in an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure, in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a tube structure of electrodes in a cross sectional view, suitable for use in an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 provides illustrations of tips provided to conductor electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 there is an electrode structure seen in a cross sectional view, suitable for use in an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure, in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention employs a plate structure of electrodes in generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure.
  • the apparatus has a couple of electrodes 1 and 2 which are positioned to face each other in accordance with the present invention.
  • One of the two electrodes is connected to a power supply 6 while the other electrode is grounded.
  • the grounded electrode is an anode 2 and the electrode connected to the power supply 6 is set as a cathode 1.
  • both electrodes are made of metal such as stainless steel, aluminum or copper.
  • each of the dielectrics 3 and 4 is mounted on each of the electrodes 1 and 2, respectively, and arranged in such a way as to face each other.
  • each of the dielectrics 3 and 4 preferably ranges in thickness from 25 ⁇ m to 10 mm.
  • discharge gaps 7 are provided which run through the dielectric 3 perpendicularly to its surface.
  • the dielectric 4 mounted onto the surface of the grounded electrode 2 has no discharge gaps.
  • one dielectric with perpendicularly perforating discharge gaps is mounted on the electrode 1 connected to the power supply ⁇ and another dielectric with no discharge gaps is mounted on the grounded electrode 2, after which the two dielectrics are positioned in such a way as to face each other.
  • conductor electrodes 5 with a certain width (a) and a certain height (b) are positioned within each discharge gap 7.
  • the conductor electrodes 5 have tips 8, 8' or 8" which may be in a form shown in Fig. 3A, 3B or 3C.
  • the conductor electrodes 5 accumulate charges at the tips 8, 8' or 8" which facilitate the discharging of the accumulated charges.
  • the tips 8, 8' or 8" function to control the width (a) and height (b) of each of the discharge gaps 7.
  • the tips formed on the conductor electrode 5 may be pointed, square or curved 1 in shape. Other various shapes may be applied to the tips.
  • the tips Preferably, the tips have a height (b) 0.1-20 times as long as their width (a) while being present at a density of 1-100 per length of 10 mm.
  • the apparatus having a plate structure of electrodes is illustrated to have the dielectric 3 on the electrode 1 connected to the power supply 6 and the dielectric 4 on the electrode grounded, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this, but may have various structures.
  • the electrodes 1 and 2 on which the dielectrics 3 and 4 are to be positioned may be changed in position.
  • the dielectric 3 with discharge gaps 7 is mounted onto the ground electrode 2 while the dielectric 4 lacking discharge gaps 7 is mounted onto the electrode 1 connected to the power supply 6. Additionally, when a dielectric with discharge gaps 7 may be mounted on one of the electrodes 1 and 2, the remaining one may be provided with no dielectrics.
  • the dielectrics are required to be resistant to high temperatures and have superior dielectric properties.
  • the dielectrics are made of a materials selected from the group consisting of glass, alumina, boron nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, quartz, and magnesium oxide .
  • the discharge gaps 7 which run perpendicularly through the dielectric preferably range in width (a) from 5 ⁇ m to 2 mm with a height (a) being 5-250 fold longer than the width
  • FIG. 2 there is an electrode structure seen in a cross sectional view, suitable for use in an apparatus for generating low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention adopts a tube structure of electrodes to an apparatus capable of low-temperature plasma generation at atmospheric pressure.
  • a tubular electrode 1 ' to the inner circumference of which a dielectric 3' is attached.
  • a cylindrical core electrode 2 ' which is concentric to the tubular electrode 1' is placed at a certain distance from the dielectric 3' attached to the inner surface of the tubular electrode 1 ' .
  • Both ends of each electrode are fixed while being suitably insulated (not shown) .
  • another dielectric 4' is fixed, with a plurality of discharge gaps 7' being provided at regular intervals in the dielectric 4' .
  • each of the electrodes 3' and 4' may fall within the range set in the First Embodiment. Also, the same limitations as in the First Embodiment are placed on the width (a) and height (b) of the discharge gaps 7. On the outer circumference of the core electrode 2 are positioned conductor electrodes 5 with such a width (a) and a height (b) as to fit the discharge gaps 7. The conductor electrodes 5 are also provided with tips which have the shapes shown in Fig. 3.
  • tubular electrode 1 ' is grounded, the core electrode 2 ' is connected to a power supply 6.
  • various modifications can be made in arrangements, shapes and conformations of electrodes V and 2 ' and dielectrics 3' and 4' .
  • an electric field is applied at an intensity of 1-100 KV/cm through the power supply 6 to the apparatuses of the First and the Second Embodiments, by use of a pulse direct current or an alternating current in a frequency bandwidth of 50 Hz-10 GHz. In the presence of such an electric field, discharging is conducted between the tips of the discharge gaps and the counter electrode, to generate plasma.
  • homogeneous plasma of a large area can be generated stably.
  • the plasma generated from the apparatuses of the present invention is applied to a variety of materials, such as metal, rubber, fibers, paper, and synthetic resins, e.g. plastics, nylon, epoxy, etc., to change surface properties of the materials to ones suitable for use in bonding, polishing, thin films deposition, dyeing, printing, etc.
  • materials such as metal, rubber, fibers, paper, and synthetic resins, e.g. plastics, nylon, epoxy, etc.
  • plasma can be directly applied for the removal of toxicity and the purification of contaminated air.
  • plasma is used to make ozone which is utilized in sterilization and disinfection of tap water, purification of waste water, purification of automobile exhaust gases such as SO x and NO x , and complete combustion of fuels in automobile engines.
  • plasma can be adopted to manufacture very bright lamps useful for photochemical reactions which can be applied to various surface treatment processes, including semiconductor device fabrication.
  • reaction gases such as air, water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, helium, methane, ammonia, tetrafluoro carbon, aectylene, propane, etc
  • reaction gases such as air, water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, helium, methane, ammonia, tetrafluoro carbon, aectylene, propane, etc
  • This plasma is usefully utilized in bonding, polishing, cleaning, thin films deposition, sterilization, disinfection, ozone preparation, dyeing, printing, etching, purification of water, purification of air and automobile exhaust gases, complete combustion of fuels in automobile engines, manufacture of highly luminous lamps, etc.
  • This experimental example employed the same plasma- generating apparatus as in Second Embodiment, which had a plate structure in which two electrode plates 1 and 2 were arranged to face each other and a dielectric is provided on each of the facing surfaces of the electrode plates 1 and 2.
  • a plurality of discharge gaps 7, each being 200 ⁇ m width and 2 mm high were formed.
  • tips 8 shaped as in Fig. 3a each having a width (a) of 2 mm and a height (b) of 1.5 mm, were provided.
  • helium gas was introduced, while a direct current bipolar pulse electric source of 50 KHz was applied across the electrodes to discharge at atmospheric pressure.
  • a discharge initiation voltage for helium gas was measured to be about 3.7 KV/cm. If the distance between the electrodes was 7 mm, about 2.6 KV was required as a discharge initiation potential.
  • the apparatuses for generating low-temperature plasma of the present invention enjoy the following advantages:
  • the apparatus for generating plasma at atmospheric pressure adapted for the induction of hollow cathode discharges, capillary discharges or highly accumulated electric fields, prevents the conversion of the plasma to arcs and thus gives stable, low-temperature plasma in a high density.
  • the apparatus can initiate and maintain discharging at very low voltages, and utilizes a broad bandwidth of frequencies, in addition to being low in electricity consumption and being manufactured at a low cost.
  • the apparatus can generate homogeneous plasma over a large area in a high density.
  • the plasma is suitable to form radicals of high energy, which have numerous applications in various fields, including bonding, polishing, cleaning, thin films deposition, sterilization, disinfection, ozone preparation, printing, dyeing, etching, purification of tap water and waste water, purification of air and automobile exhaust gas, complete combustion of fuels, manufacture of highly luminous lamps, etc.
  • the plasma can bring about excellent results and reduce the treatment time greatly.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de production de plasma à basse température et à pression atmosphérique. Cet appareil comprend: une paire d'électrodes disposées l'une en face de l'autre à une certaine distance, une de ces électrodes étant connectée à une alimentation et l'autre étant mise à la terre; une paire d'éléments diélectriques d'une épaisseur comprise entre 25νm et 10mm, positionnés sur les surfaces en regard des électrodes, de manière à être l'un en face de l'autre, un de ces éléments renfermant au moins un espace de décharge; et une électrode conductrice présentant au moins un embout positionné à l'intérieur de l'espace de décharge, un champ électrique étant appliqué à une intensité comprise entre 1 et 100KV/cm par l'intermédiaire de l'alimentation, via les électrodes, au moyen d'une impulsion de courant direct et de courant alternatif dans une largeur de bande de fréquence comprise entre 50Hz et 10 GHz, pendant qu'un gaz de réaction est alimenté entre les électrodes, de manière à induire une décharge de cathode creuse, une décharge capillaire ou une accumulation importante de charges à partir de l'espace de décharge. L'appareil selon l'invention empêche la formation d'arcs dans le plasma et permet d'obtenir un plasma de densité élevée stable à basse température.
EP02700834A 2001-02-12 2002-02-08 Appareil de production de plasma a basse temperature et a pression atmospherique Withdrawn EP1366647A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2001-0006653A KR100464902B1 (ko) 2001-02-12 2001-02-12 대기압에서 저온 플라즈마를 발생시키는 장치
KR2001006653 2001-02-12
PCT/KR2002/000202 WO2002065820A1 (fr) 2001-02-12 2002-02-08 Appareil de production de plasma a basse temperature et a pression atmospherique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1366647A1 true EP1366647A1 (fr) 2003-12-03
EP1366647A4 EP1366647A4 (fr) 2007-08-08

Family

ID=19705599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02700834A Withdrawn EP1366647A4 (fr) 2001-02-12 2002-02-08 Appareil de production de plasma a basse temperature et a pression atmospherique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1366647A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP3990285B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100464902B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1228999C (fr)
TW (1) TWI244879B (fr)
WO (1) WO2002065820A1 (fr)

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TWI244879B (en) 2005-12-01
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CN1228999C (zh) 2005-11-23
WO2002065820A1 (fr) 2002-08-22

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