EP1252272A1 - Emulsions carburant-eau contenant des emulsifiants a base de polyisobutene - Google Patents

Emulsions carburant-eau contenant des emulsifiants a base de polyisobutene

Info

Publication number
EP1252272A1
EP1252272A1 EP01907460A EP01907460A EP1252272A1 EP 1252272 A1 EP1252272 A1 EP 1252272A1 EP 01907460 A EP01907460 A EP 01907460A EP 01907460 A EP01907460 A EP 01907460A EP 1252272 A1 EP1252272 A1 EP 1252272A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
polyisobutene
water
emulsions
alkoxylated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01907460A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Hüffer
Michael Stang
Paul KLINGELHÖFER
Ansgar Eisenbeis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1252272A1 publication Critical patent/EP1252272A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fuels which are used in internal combustion engines, preferably diesel engines, and which are emulsions of the respective fuel type with water.
  • Emulsifiers derived from polyisobutene are used to prepare and stabilize these emulsions; polyisobutene ethoxylates are preferably used.
  • emulsions or microemulsions are particularly preferred. These are emulsions in which the size of the droplets dispersed in the continuous phase is very small, preferably at values of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • US 2,111,100 discloses a clear motor fuel with at least 50% fuel, at least 5% water, at least 5% of an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, ethers and aldehydes, and a fatty acid salt as an emulsifier.
  • the water content of the mixture can be up to 50%.
  • No. 3,346,494 describes an emulsifier system for water-in-oil emulsions which consists of 1 to 10 parts of a fatty acid with 12 to 20 C atoms, 1 to 10 parts of an alkylamino alcohol with 2 to 5 carbon atoms per alkyl group and 1 to 10 parts of one alkylated phenol with at least one alkyl group having 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the emulsifier system can include can be used to stabilize water-in-fuel microemulsions.
  • US Pat. No. 3,902,869 describes a water-in-fuel microemulsion which contains 5 to 40% by weight of water and 1 to 35% by weight of an emulsifier which consists of a suitable carboxylic acid and a salt of this carboxylic acid.
  • Suitable acids are, for example, naphthenic acids, resin acids and gallic acid.
  • Suitable metal salts are added to the mixture to increase the octane number.
  • WO 98/56878 discloses an emulsion of up to 37% of an aqueous C 1 -C 4 alcohol in diesel fuel, with at least one nonionic as emulsifier surface active agent selected from alkoxyphenol, sorbitan monooleate, oleodiethanolamide and glyceril monooleate is used.
  • the mixtures are characterized by low soot emissions during combustion.
  • WO 97/34969 discloses a water-in-fuel microemulsion which contains at least 5% by weight of water and which was produced using an emulsifier system which has three principal components. These three components are (a) at least one particular sorbitol ester (b) at least one particular fatty acid ester, and (c) a particular polyalkoxylated alkylphenol. These emulsions have an HLB (hydrophile-lipophile balance) value that is between 6 and 8.
  • HLB hydrophile-lipophile balance
  • This object is achieved by using alkoxy-hardened polyisobutene as an emulsifier in the production of water-in-fuel emulsions.
  • a fuel-water emulsion containing 95 to 60% by weight of fuel, 3 to 35% by weight of water and 0.2 to 10% by weight of an alkoxylated polyisobutene as emulsifier.
  • the fuel which forms the continuous phase in the emulsions according to the invention is diesel fuel.
  • the emulsifiers used in the context of the present invention for the preparation of the water-in-fuel emulsions are alkoxylates of polyisobutene. They belong to the group of surfactants and can by the general formula
  • R is a polyisobutene with a weight-average molar mass (Mn) of 300 to 2300, preferably 500 to 2000.
  • A is an alkylene radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the number m is a number from 1 to 200, which is chosen so that the alkoxylated polyisobutene contains 0.2 to 1.5 alkylene oxide units per C 4 unit, preferably 0.5 alkylene oxide units per C unit.
  • the number n is either 0 or 1.
  • A is an ethylene radical.
  • alkoxylated polyisobutenes are prepared from the corresponding polyisobutenes. If such a polyisobutene has a terminal double bond, it is converted into the corresponding primary alcohol by hydroformylation and then reacted with the corresponding alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, in a manner known per se. Before the alkoxylation, polyisobutenes with a geminal double bond are converted to the corresponding alcohol in a manner known per se, for example by epoxidation and subsequent reduction.
  • polyisobutene alkoxylates used in the present invention are in the German application entitled “Polyalkenalkohol-Poly alkoxylate and their
  • HLB Hydrophile Balance
  • the alkoxylated polyisobutene is used in the fuel-water emulsions according to the invention in amounts of 0.2 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.
  • These emulsions also have a fuel content of 60 to 95% by weight, preferably 70 to 90% by weight, and a water content of 3 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight.
  • the water used in the emulsions according to the invention can contain a certain amount of one or more C 4 alcohols.
  • the amount of alcohol used is from 5 to 50% by weight based on the amount of water.
  • the temperature range in which the emulsion is stable can be broadened by adding alcohol.
  • the emulsions according to the present invention can include fuel, water, alkoxy-hardened polyisobutene and, if appropriate, alcohol.
  • the surfactants that also serve as emulsifiers.
  • fuel-water emulsions can be produced from all common types of fuel.
  • preferred fuels are diesel fuel, kerosene, heavy and light heating oil.
  • the fuel is diesel fuel.
  • the fuel-water emulsions according to the invention have high stability and good combustion efficiency. Good exhaust gas values can still be obtained, the emission of soot and NO x being significantly improved, particularly in the case of diesel engines. In particular, complete and residue-free combustion can be achieved without deposits on the components of the combustion apparatus, for example injection nozzles, pistons, annular grooves, valves and cylinder heads.
  • the selected alkoxylated polyisobutene is mixed with the fuel, the water and the other components which can be used optionally and emulsified in a manner known per se.
  • the emulsification can be carried out in a rotor mixer, by means of a mixing nozzle or by an ultrasound probe. Particularly good results were achieved if a mixing nozzle of the type used as disclosed in the German application, file number 198 56 604 from BASF AG on December 8, 1998 was used.
  • the procedure is chosen such that the mean droplet size of the emulsified phase in the resulting emulsions is from 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m, preferably at values ⁇ 2 ⁇ m. Such values can easily be achieved with the emulsifier system chosen in the present invention.
  • composition of the samples can be found in Table 1 below.
  • Example 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1 had water drops in the size range from 1 to 10 ⁇ m with a main proportion from 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 2 could not be clearly determined with regard to particle sizes and size distribution due to a high proportion of droplets ⁇ 1 ⁇ m due to Brownian molecular motion.
  • the samples of Examples 5 and 6 contained water drops with a size of 1 to 20 ⁇ m and thus had the broadest size distribution.
  • the stability of the emulsions was checked in a static storage test at 20 ° C and additionally at changing temperatures (0 ° C, 40 ° C and 70 ° C).
  • the emulsions of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were completely stable in terms of their homogeneity over three months.
  • the samples of Examples 5 and 6 had a somewhat reduced stability due to the wide size distribution of the droplets and, when stored at 40 ° C., showed a slight phase separation before the expiration of 3 months.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des émulsions carburant-eau, dans lesquelles l'émulsifiant est un polyisobutène alcoxylé, de préférence éthoxylé. On obtient ainsi des émulsions stables, en particulier des mélanges gazole-eau, qui présentent des caractéristiques avantageuses lors de leur utilisation comme carburant dans des moteurs à combustion interne.
EP01907460A 2000-01-25 2001-01-17 Emulsions carburant-eau contenant des emulsifiants a base de polyisobutene Withdrawn EP1252272A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10003105 2000-01-25
DE10003105A DE10003105A1 (de) 2000-01-25 2000-01-25 Kraftstoff-Wasser-Emulsionen, enthaltend Emulgatoren auf Polyisobuten-Basis
PCT/EP2001/000496 WO2001055282A1 (fr) 2000-01-25 2001-01-17 Emulsions carburant-eau contenant des emulsifiants a base de polyisobutene

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1252272A1 true EP1252272A1 (fr) 2002-10-30

Family

ID=7628658

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01907460A Withdrawn EP1252272A1 (fr) 2000-01-25 2001-01-17 Emulsions carburant-eau contenant des emulsifiants a base de polyisobutene

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6733549B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1252272A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003523478A (fr)
KR (1) KR20020068407A (fr)
CA (1) CA2397623A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10003105A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20023524L (fr)
WO (1) WO2001055282A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2253692A1 (fr) 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 Universität zu Köln Compositions de biohydrofuel

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US8064889B2 (en) * 2000-09-19 2011-11-22 Igt Virtual casino host
GB0124117D0 (en) * 2001-10-08 2001-11-28 Ici Plc Fuel emulsion
GB0202312D0 (en) * 2002-01-31 2002-03-20 Disperse Technologies Plc Polyaphron fuel compositions
CN1622988A (zh) * 2002-03-28 2005-06-01 Cam技术股份公司 降低内燃机污染物排放的方法,以及包含水和液态烃的燃料乳液
DE10232747A1 (de) * 2002-07-18 2004-02-05 Basf Ag Verwendung von Polyisobutylen-Derivaten zur Behandlung von Metalloberflächen
EP1408101A1 (fr) 2002-10-04 2004-04-14 Infineum International Limited Additifs et compositions d'huile combustible
DE10334897A1 (de) * 2003-07-29 2005-03-10 Univ Koeln Mikroemulsionen und deren Verwendung als Kraftstoff
DE102004007501A1 (de) 2004-02-13 2005-09-01 Basf Ag Amphiphile Blockcopolymere enthaltende wässrige Polymerdispersionen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
US7753782B2 (en) * 2005-09-06 2010-07-13 Igt Gaming system and method for providing multiple players multiple bonus awards
DE112006003163T5 (de) * 2005-11-29 2009-01-29 Akzo Nobel N.V. Grenzflächenaktives Polymer und seine Verwendung in einer Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion
DE102006054227A1 (de) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-21 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Verringerung des Schadstoffausstoßes einer Brennkraftmaschine, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und Abgasrückführsystem
DE102009048223A1 (de) * 2009-10-05 2011-06-16 Fachhochschule Trier Verfahren zur In-Situ-Herstellung von Treibstoff-Wasser-Gemischen in Verbrennungsmotoren
US20120055078A1 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Biomagnetics Diagnostics Corporation Low-carbon high-hydrogen fuels
DE102011008331A1 (de) * 2011-01-12 2012-07-12 Claudia Aumüller-Karger Verbrennungsmotor mit Drittmedieneinspeisung
ITVR20130081A1 (it) 2013-04-05 2014-10-06 Fuber Ltd Additivo emulsionante per la formazione di emulsioni di acqua in olio combustibile puro o in miscele contenenti principalmente olio combustibile e metodo per la sua produzione
US10751675B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2020-08-25 Eme Finance Ltd. Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion
IT201600132801A1 (it) 2016-12-30 2018-06-30 Eme International Ltd Apparato e processo per produrre liquido derivante da biomassa, biocarburante e biomateriale
EP4093535B1 (fr) 2020-01-23 2024-05-15 Raptech Eberswalde GmbH Procédé de production d'une dispersion stable d'hydrocarbures et d'eau pour améliorer les processus de combustion, et une dispersion eau-hydrocarbure qui est facilement séparable en au moins deux phases en tant que partie du processus de nettoyage à des emplacements d'accident
DE102022114815A1 (de) 2022-06-13 2022-08-04 Basf Se Verfahren zum Entfernen von Ablagerungen aus Verbrennungsmotoren

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EP2253692A1 (fr) 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 Universität zu Köln Compositions de biohydrofuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20023524D0 (no) 2002-07-24
JP2003523478A (ja) 2003-08-05
WO2001055282A1 (fr) 2001-08-02
CA2397623A1 (fr) 2001-08-02
US6733549B2 (en) 2004-05-11
US20030024852A1 (en) 2003-02-06
NO20023524L (no) 2002-09-25
KR20020068407A (ko) 2002-08-27
DE10003105A1 (de) 2001-07-26

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