EP1195661A2 - Extern beheizte verformbare Tonerfixierwalze - Google Patents
Extern beheizte verformbare Tonerfixierwalze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1195661A2 EP1195661A2 EP01123266A EP01123266A EP1195661A2 EP 1195661 A2 EP1195661 A2 EP 1195661A2 EP 01123266 A EP01123266 A EP 01123266A EP 01123266 A EP01123266 A EP 01123266A EP 1195661 A2 EP1195661 A2 EP 1195661A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- roller
- layer
- fixing roller
- toner fixing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
- G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
- G03G15/2053—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating
Definitions
- the invention relates to fusing stations and rollers used in electrostatic Images are used, especially an externally heated toner fixing roller with a deformable structure to control run deviations and improve the Picture quality.
- electrostatographic imaging and transfer processes such as the electrostatographic rendering is a latent electrostatic image on a primary imaging element such as formed on a photoconductor surface and based on a thermoplastic toner powder developed to form a toner image.
- the toner image is then applied to a recording element, e.g. to transfer a sheet of paper and then in a fuser using heat or pressure, or both on the Fixed receiving element.
- the fixing element can be a roller, a belt or a other surface with a suitable shape for fixing the thermoplastic Toner powder on the receiving element.
- the step of fixing in a fuser with A roller usually consists of the receiving element onto which the toner is applied has been applied to pass between an employed pair of rollers in order to to create a contact area known as a fixing gap.
- a fixing gap To form the gap at least one of the rollers has a compliant or conformable layer on their surface.
- the heat is applied to the toner by at least one of the rollers transferred to the fixing nip so that the toner partially melts and settles on the Deposits the receiving element.
- the fixing element is a heated roller, then usually uses a compliant layer with a smooth surface that is connected either directly or indirectly to the roll core. Is the fixing element in Formed into a band (as described here, a band refers to one flexible endless belt that rotates around the heated roller), it usually has one smooth hardened outer surface.
- Most fixing elements are known, e.g. Simplex fixer, the toner in one Apply passage to only one side of the receiving element.
- a simplex fixer is called the roller that contacts the unfixed toner, usually toner fixing roller and is usually heated.
- the roller that touches the other side of the receiving element is the back pressure roller and is usually not heated.
- Either a roller or Both rollers can have a compliant layer on or near the surface exhibit.
- Most fuser stations have a toner fuser roller and an employee Using the backing roller, it is common for only one of the two rollers to rotate an external source. The other roller is then through Rotated friction contact.
- a duplex fuser that has two toner images includes simultaneously on each side of a receiving element through the fixing gap is performed, applied.
- duplex fuser Differentiation between toner fixing roller and counter pressure roller, since both rollers at Apply heat and pressure to perform similar functions.
- the first Form uses a deformable platen to lock the fuser gap against a hard one To form the toner fixing roller, e.g. the Docutech 135 manufactured by Xerox®.
- the second Type uses a deformable fuser roller to make a nip against a hard or to form relatively undeformable backing roll, e.g. from Heidelberg Digital LLC® made Digimaster 9110.
- a deformable toner fuser roller like the one here includes an adaptable or compliant layer that is thicker than is about 2 mm and in some cases is more than 25 mm thick.
- a hard toner fuser roller as described here typically includes a rigid cylinder that is relatively thin polymer or conformable elastomer coating, which is usually less than 1.25 mm thick.
- a deformable toner fixing roller which is in Can be used in conjunction with a hard counter-pressure roller It is easier to detach the receiving element from the heated toner fixing roller because the distorted one Shape of the deformable surface in the gap the receiving element in the direction of relatively undeformable platen roller and away from the much more deformable Toner fixing roller bends.
- toner fixing rollers usually include a cylindrical core member (which is often made of metal, e.g. aluminum), which with one or more synthetic Layers (which usually comprise polymeric materials made of elastomers) is covered.
- a cylindrical core member which is often made of metal, e.g. aluminum
- one or more synthetic Layers which usually comprise polymeric materials made of elastomers
- a toner fixing roller of this type usually includes one hollow core in which there is a heat source, usually a lamp.
- the core is surrounded by an elastomer layer, through the heat from the core to the surface is passed and the elastomer layer usually contains fillers for an improved Thermal conductivity.
- toner fixing roller Another type of toner fixing roller is known as an externally heated toner fixing roller and is caused by surface contact between the toner fixing roller and one or heated several heating rollers.
- an externally heated toner fixing roller is the Name copier called Eastman Kodak Company® Image Source 120.
- Externally heated toner fuser rolls are also in US 5,450,183 and US 4,984,027 described.
- a deformable toner fuser roller can be a compliant or conformable layer of a useful material, e.g. an essentially space-stable Elastomer (those that have a transverse elongation factor of about 0.5).
- a useful material e.g. an essentially space-stable Elastomer (those that have a transverse elongation factor of about 0.5).
- an adaptable layer can use a relatively compressible foam with a Have a transverse elongation number that is much lower than 0.5.
- An adaptable polyimide Foam layer is described in US 4,791,275. US 3,983,287 is a Lithographic printing blanket described which is an adaptable layer with a large Contains number of breakable, small bubbles with rigid walls that are mechanical can be broken to create a closed cell foam that is a has a smooth surface.
- Receiving elements dissipate most of the heat during the fixing process.
- the heat along the Can only partially pick up the fuser roller, areas with higher and low temperature along the surface of the toner fixing roller parallel to that Roll axis. Higher or lower temperatures can cause significant smearing of the toner in the fuser with rollers.
- Improved heat transfer to the surface of an externally heated Toner fixing roller of external heating rollers reduces the temperature of the external one Heating rollers as well as the hardware and the bearings that are used with the external heating rollers are connected.
- No. 6,016,409 describes a fixing module that has an electronically readable one Includes memory that is permanently connected to the fuser. This enables it Control system of the printing press the codes from the electronically readable memory read during installation to determine parameters for the operation of the module, e.g. the maximum web consumption, the tension and temperature requirements and the Obtain calibration parameters of the thermistor / thermistor.
- the thickness becomes of the deformable material on the core in the gap is reduced.
- the deformable Layer is essentially incompressible, is the average speed of the Part of the deformable layer in the fixing gap is naturally larger than that of parts the deformable layer, which are further away from the gap because of the volume flow rate of the elastomer around the roller is constant. This causes the Surface speed of the deformable roll in the nip is different than far from Gap removed.
- the deformable roller is e.g.
- Overdrive can be considered quantitative as Circumferential gear ratio, which is the ratio of Circumferential surface velocity measured at a location far from the gap will be expressed.
- An equal circumferential gear ratio corresponds to that Condition of zero overdrive.
- the gear ratio in a gap is basically an effective one Transverse elongation of the roller materials, the modules of the roller materials, the employment of the rollers and the resistance forces of the torque of the rollers are determined.
- the transverse elongation number of polymers with a high molecular weight approaches 0.5, and approaches 0 for very soft polymeric foams.
- the surface of the roller is in the nip area squeezed, causing a running deviation opposite to the overdrive, a so-called “underdrive” of the surface element with respect to the roller, i.e. the surface velocity is lower at a location far from the gap than the peripheral speed of the roller.
- a foam or sponge may comprise a felted material, such as that of State of the art is known.
- Types of foam provided with felt can e.g. manufactured are usually made by using an elastomeric, already made foam under heat is compressed uniaxially, then compressed and cooled then the pressure load is removed.
- the Lateral stretch which is rather low for soft foam types, even negative values for with Accept foam-like foams or sponges.
- a deformable roller which is an essentially space-resistant elastomer includes, by distortion / shape change with another roller in a fixing nip is shifted, this causes the deformable layer to be close to both sides of the fixing gap becomes particularly thick, i.e. Before-gap and after-gap surveys exhibit. The highest pressure in the gap is reached near the center of the gap (at the Interface of the connected surfaces and an imagined line between the Centers of the two rollers). Since one roller drives the other, it should Surface speed of the rollers at the point of maximum pressure, close the center of the gap be almost the same. As previously explained, these are Velocities in the pre-gap and post-gap surveys in general different.
- a possibly serious problem when fixing under overdrive of the rollers is the so-called "differential overdrive", which e.g. with tolerance errors when attaching of the rolls forming the nip, or with the runout of the rolls caused by the Deviations in the roll concentricity or eccentricity are caused, connected is.
- Out of roundness can have various causes, e.g. Deviations in the thickness of the layers along the roller, deviations in the dimensions of the Core element, a non-central roll axis, etc.
- the differential overdrive in locally different slip values along a fixing gap may result in that the locally acting gear ratio would otherwise increase Fluctuations or would tend to change along the gap over time which makes parts of the driven roller slower and other parts move faster than would move at the average drive speed.
- the differential Overdrive can have serious ramifications for fixation, including the Formation of significant errors in the image and the creasing of a recording element to have.
- All rollers are subject to wear, especially where the edges of the Pick-up elements touch the rollers. Because a relative movement due to Slip between the rollers which increases wear and tear are the Speed change of the surface of the deformable roller while it is in, moved through and out of a fixing nip, which they with a relatively incompressible roller forms, increase the rate of wear of the deformable roller, especially when the deformable roller is the heated fixing element, whereby it should be noted that one Toner fixing roller usually in the nip on a relatively rough and emery type Surface meets. Because the material on the deformable roller every time it goes through the fixing gap is guided, tensioned and relaxed, this tensioning can Signs of fatigue and wear, including roller failure due to cracks in the deformable material or to detachment of the material self.
- Some toner fixing rollers are constructed so that the film layer of oil is lower Viscosity is used to detach the toner and therefore the receiving element from the toner fixing roller. A relative movement in the fixing gap can Disrupt the oil film unfavorably.
- An externally heated toner fixing roller usually includes a hollow cylindrical one Core, which is often made of metal.
- a compliant, adaptable Upholstery layer which may include filler particles to increase mechanical strength and / or Improving thermal conductivity is usually done on the surface of the core formed, which may preferably be coated with a primer to ensure the adhesion of the to improve compliant layer.
- the roll pad layer is usually out Silicone rubber or silicone polymers such as e.g. Poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymers of low surface energy, which minimize the adhesion of the toner to the roller.
- Release oils e.g. Poly (dimethylsiloxane) also on the surface of the Toner fixing roller applied to prevent toner from getting caught on the roller.
- release oils which are commonly referred to as fixing oils
- a thin barrier layer e.g. a cured polyfluorocarbon can be used on the Upholstery layer are formed to prevent this from being caused by the release oil Prevent impact.
- Electrophotography can be used to provide high quality multi-color To create toner images when the toner particles are small, i.e. a diameter of have less than about 10 microns and the receiving elements, usually Sheets of paper that are smooth.
- a common method for creating a multicolor The toner image contains the three-color mixture by subtractive color formation.
- At a Color mixtures of this type are electrostatic images on a picture one after the other Photoconductor element is formed, each representing a different color, and each image developed with a toner of a different color.
- the colors correspond one of the three subtractive primary colors (cyan, magenta and yellow) and optional Black.
- the image-wise electrostatic images for each of the colors can be sequential are formed on the photoconductor element by using filters to Create color separations according to the colors in the image.
- After the development of the Color separations can be any developed color separation image from the photoconductor transferred in register with the other color toner images to a transfer element become. All color toner images can then be opened in one step from the transfer element a receiving element are transferred where they are fixed or melted to to create a permanent multicolor image.
- an electrophotographic Apparatus can be used with a number of tandem modules, the Color separation images are formed in each of the four color modules and held in register on one Receiving element are transmitted while the receiving element through the apparatus is moved and held by a transport track.
- the contact area of a deformable toner fixing roller with the toner-bearing surface of a receiver sheet is determined by the amount of pressure that is exerted by the back pressure roller and by the properties of the deformable Material. The extent of the contact area helps determine the amount of time in which any part of the toner image contacts and is fixed by the toner fixing roller Toner fixing roller is heated.
- Filler particles can be contained in a barrier layer.
- US 5,464,698 is a Toner fixing element with a silicone rubber cushion layer and one arranged above it cured fluorocarbon polymer layer described, which a filler with a Particle mixture comprising tin oxide comprises.
- each one Particle filling element i.e. a base cushion layer with a condensation-hardened PDMS, a barrier layer that covers the base pad and a hardened fluorocarbon polymer and an outer surface layer with a additional way hardened PDMS, with the particle fillers in each layer have one or more of the following oxides: aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, Include magnesium oxide, tin oxide and zinc oxide.
- the barrier layer which is a Viton TM elastomer (available from DuPont) or a Fluorel TM elastomer (available from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing) is a material with a relatively low level Tension value, which is usually a modulus of elasticity of less than approximately 10 MPa and therefore has an effect on the mechanical characteristics of the roller including the running deviations that can be neglected.
- the invention is accordingly based on the object of wearing an external heated toner fuser roller to reduce its useful life for Extend use in electrostatography, while keeping the Reduce run deviations when the toner fuser roller is attached to a fuser nip Back pressure roller is turned on.
- the need remains an externally heated toner fixing roller, which are not large or small Image defects due to misalignment when used with a Back pressure roller produced more.
- the present invention addresses the above disadvantages, the externally heated Have toner fixing rollers according to the prior art and creates an externally heated Toner fixing roller, which has a deformable structure with a transverse expansion factor within a predetermined frame.
- the invention creates an externally heated deformable Toner fixing roller with many layers for improved fixing of toner images in an electrostatographic apparatus.
- the individual layers of a preferred Toner fixing roller have transverse elongation numbers and elastic moduli within one predetermined frame to apply differential overdrive in a fuser reduce. Due to the reduced overdrive, the roller according to the invention is used only slowly and therefore has a long service life. In addition, the Image quality improved due to the reduced differential overdrive, and the paper wrinkles less.
- An externally heated toner fixing roller according to the invention with a Ovedrive control can be used in a simplex and duplex fuser.
- the invention provides a deformable toner fuser roller for use in a Fixing station of an electrostatographic apparatus with a deformable Toner fuser roller for use in an electrostatographic fuser Apparatus with a rigid cylindrical core element, an exchangeable, removable Sleeve element that surrounds the core element and in close but non-adhesive contact stands with the core member and wherein the toner fixing roller is set so that it can be heated by an external heat source.
- the invention relates to electrostatographic reproduction using a Fixing station and fixing elements arranged therein for thermal fixing of a non fixed toner image on a receiving element, e.g. made of paper including coated paper or plastic, e.g. Films.
- a fixing element can be a roller, a tape or other surface with a suitable shape for fixing thermoplastic toner powder on the receiving element.
- the fuser includes preferably two rollers, which are set up and form a fixing nip in which one externally heated toner fixing roller in direct contact with the unfixed toner image comes while the receiving element is frictionally moved through the gap.
- the externally heated roller is heated by a heat source, preferably with a or several heating rollers is in contact.
- the heat source can be external Radiation which is picked up by the toner fixing roller, e.g. like one of them or several lamps is generated or another suitable heat source outside the toner fuser roller.
- the receiving element can be a cut Be an arc or be a continuous path.
- the unfixed toner image can be single color toner or can be a composite image of two or more single color Include toners, e.g. Spot color or a multicolor image, e.g. black, has cyan, magenta and yellow toners.
- the unfused toner on the Receiving element is previously e.g. electrostatically from a toner image bearing element, such as. a primary imaging element or a transfer element onto the Transfer receiving element. In electrostatographic reproduction, a photoconductive electrophotographic primary imaging element or a non-photoconductive element electrographic primary imaging element can be used. Dry or liquid toners with dispersion particles can also be used.
- An inventive fixing element is an external heated deformable roller an overdrive control, a deformable structure that is one or more concentric Layers that surround a core element can include.
- Deformable toner fixing rollers which are known from the prior art usually have an undesirable Amount of overdrive on leading to premature wear and a shorter life leads and also brings with it differential overdrive, which lead to image defects.
- the overdrive-controlling structure shows a way to counter these problems roller according to the invention transverse tensile numbers and moduli of elasticity within a predetermined frame.
- a simplex toner fixing station can have several embodiments to have.
- a new one externally heated toner fixing roller which has a deformable structure with overdrive control has, in a nip against a hard counter-pressure roller.
- the warped shape of the deformable toner fixing roller helps in the embodiment Gap thereby to release the receiving element from the toner fixing roller and carry it on towards the hard counter-pressure roller while the receiving element is on the nip comes out, thus helping to prevent paper jams.
- a deformable externally heated Toner fixing roller according to the invention can also be in a fixing nip to a compliant Back pressure roller are used, which has a deformable structure with overdrive control includes, but in general the solution is not as suitable due to the increased Costs.
- a simplex fusing roller according to the invention can be used to avoid a to fix the fixed toner image on one side of a recording element that already has a previously fixed toner image on the back.
- a preferred duplex fixing station comprises a deformable externally heated first toner fixing roller, which has an elastically deformable structure Overdrive control, which is in a fixing gap to an externally heated second Toner fixing roller is employed, which has an elastically deformable structure Has overdrive control.
- the duplex fuser fixes two unfixed ones Toner images on at the same time, one on the front and one on the back of the Receiving element.
- Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of an inventive Toner fixing roller, indicated by reference numeral 50, and a rigid cylindrical Core element 51 with a deformable structure 52 with overdrive control that adheres is applied to the core 51.
- the core element 51 is preferably tubular and preferably comprises a metal, such as. Aluminum or other suitable metal and can be internal Reinforcing elements such as Struts and other parts include. Other materials apart from metal or metal mixtures can also be used.
- the elastic structure 52 provided with an overdrive control preferably has one Transverse elongation number of less than 0.35, particularly preferably between approximately 0.25 and 0.35 and particularly advantageously between 0.25 and 0.29. So low Obtaining transverse strain numbers is at least one layer of the elastically deformable Structure 52 is generally a foam or can be individual compressible elements such as e.g. include gas-filled bubbles embedded in the elastic mass.
- the transverse elongation of a material can easily be in one piece of macroscopic size can be measured by compressive stress along a direction of the strip-shaped Material sample is opened, e.g.
- the corresponding transverse load parallel to the x-axis is measured and the load on the x-axis divided by the voltage of the z-axis becomes.
- the loads are the same for both axes, but for foam types provided with felt e.g. is not that Case.
- a value of the transverse elongation of a composite roller can be used different layers, one of which is a foam, using this technique be measured.
- the resiliently deformable structure 52 which may include one or more layers, is preferably between about 2 mm and 25 mm thick and particularly preferred between about 4 mm and 12 mm thick
- the elastically deformable structure 52 has more than one layer, the most least rigid layer, preferably a foam or sponge layer, the one open-cell or closed-cell foam including felt Includes foams.
- the least rigid layer can also be elastomeric particles or include ground parts that have been melted or sintered into a porous mass are.
- the modulus of elasticity of an elastically deformable foam is usually high lower than that of the solid phase.
- a typical foam or sponge can be a Have modulus of elasticity that is smaller than that of the solid phase.
- the modulus of elasticity a foam (or the elastic modulus of any material including Laminates or layered materials) is based on a sample from Macroscopic size determined using a standard technique, such as Measure the Loading the sample along one direction with tension using a suitable commercial device such as an Instron tensile tester and extrapolating the Decrease the curve to zero applied voltage. It is preferred that that Modulus of elasticity of the deformable structure 52 is usually in a frame between about 0.05 to 50 MPa, preferably between about 0.1 to 10 MPa.
- the thermal conductivity in the radial direction of the deformable structure 52 is preferably less than approximately 2.84 kg ⁇ s -3 ⁇ K -1 within the gap range.
- the elastically deformable structure 52 may also include one or more of the following: a Particle filler, a composite material or a multi-phase material including a foam.
- Roller 50 may also include a replaceable, removable sleeve member.
- the Sleeve member includes a support or reinforcement tape (not shown) that is in close proximity but is non-adhesive contact with the core member 51 and closely surrounds it, wherein the adaptable structure with overdrive control uniformly on the Reinforcement tape sticks.
- the sleeve can be made using compressed air technology according to the state Technique are attached to or removed from the core 51.
- the sleeve can also be attached or removed by cooling the core member and thus is shrunk (or heated to expand the sleeve) and the The sleeve is then pushed lengthways over the core element.
- the reinforcement tape can be stiff, but is preferably flexible.
- the reinforcing tape has preferably a modulus of elasticity in a range of approximately 100-300 GPa on and the thickness is preferably in a range of approximately 20-500 ⁇ m, in particular preferably between approximately 40-100 ⁇ m.
- the reinforcement tape which consists of an arch can be produced, e.g. by ultrasonic welding or by an adhesive, a suitable material such as e.g. Metal, an elastomer, plastic or a reinforced material such as include a reinforced silicone strap.
- the reinforcement tape is in the form of a seamless sheet or tube, the nickel or steel.
- Fig. 2 (a) shows a cross-sectional view, not on the original scale, of a second one Embodiment of a toner fixing roller according to the invention, which has the reference number 10 wearing.
- the roller 10 comprises a rigid cylindrical core element 11, which in all Features the core element 51 of the roller 50 shown in FIG. 1 is similar and a elastic structure 15 with an overdrive control that surrounds the core.
- the structure 15 comprises an elastically adaptable base cushion layer 12, which is on the core 11 is formed, and an elastically compliant toner release layer 14 attached to the adaptable base cushion layer adheres.
- An optionally thin flexible Barrier layer 13 can be inserted between layers 12 and 14 and glued to them become.
- the adaptable base cushion layer is 12 adhered to the core 11.
- the core element 11 is preferably in the form of a cylindrical tube which is made of any suitable material, e.g. Aluminum.
- the core element can have internal support elements, e.g. Struts, or other internal reinforcement structures, which are not shown.
- To the liability between the core 11 and the To promote base cushion layer 12 can be a thin primer layer (in Fig. 1 not shown) such as one from the air-dried basic agent GE 4044 (available from General Electric Company) can be used.
- the toner release layer 14 and the Base cushion layer 12 can be made of the same or different materials.
- the base cushion layer 12 can comprise a suitable temperature-stable elastomeric material and in particular more than one phase, for example a two-phase material, such as a foam or sponge layer, which can comprise an open-cell or closed-cell foam, including types of foam mixed with felt.
- the base cushion layer 12 can also comprise elastomeric particles or ground parts that have been melted or sintered into a porous mass.
- the base cushion layer 12 could also have individual compressible elements, such as, for example, a multiplicity of gas-filled balls or bubbles with a fixed wall, which lie in an elastic mass.
- the base cushion layer 12 preferably comprises an adaptable material, for example a foam, which has an elastic modulus of less than approximately 0.35, particularly preferably between approximately 0.25 and 0.35 and in the most favorable case between approximately 0.25 and 0.29.
- a base cushion layer 12 with a foam is preferably relatively stiff, that is to say has a modulus of elasticity preferably in a range between 0.05 MPa and 50 MPa and particularly preferably between approximately 0.1 MPa and 10 MPa.
- the solid phase of a base cushion layer 12 with a foam preferably comprises an open-cell or closed-cell structure with a modulus of elasticity in a range from approximately 0.5 MPa to 500 MPa and particularly preferably from approximately 1 MPa to 100 MPa.
- the solid phase of a base cushion layer 12 with a foam can be a fluoroelastomer, eg Viton (from DuPont) or Fluorel (from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing).
- the base cushion layer 12 may include a type of rubber, such as an EPDM rubber, that of ethylene propylene diene monomers, which may further include a metal oxide dispersion particle filler, such as iron oxide.
- the base cushion layer 12 may comprise a poly (dimethylsiloxane) elastomer which contains a metal oxide dispersion particle filler, for example aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide or mixtures thereof.
- the base cushion layer 12 could also contain a polyimide foam, which could also contain a filler.
- a filler which is embedded in the solid phase of a base cushion layer 12 preferably comprises particles with an average diameter between approximately 0.1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m and approximately 3 to 30 volume percent of the solid phase of the base cushion layer 12 and particularly preferably comprises an average diameter between about 0.5 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m and about 5 to 20 volume percent of the solid phase of the base cushion layer.
- the base cushion layer 12 preferably has a thickness between approximately 0.5 mm and 25 mm and particularly preferably between 1.25 mm and 12.5 mm.
- the base cushion layer 12 preferably has a thermal conductivity in the radial direction of less than approximately 2.27 kg.s -3 .K -1 within the gap zone and more preferably in a range between approximately 0.57 to 1.70 kg.s -3 . K -1 in the radial direction within the gap zone.
- the outer compliant layer or compliant toner release layer 14 preferably has a very smooth outer surface.
- the toner release layer 14 is preferably very resistant to abrasion and can comprise a suitable elastomeric material with a preferably low surface energy, such as a silicone rubber or a fluoroelastomer.
- the toner release layer 14 may include a PDMS, preferably a cured poly (dimethylsiloxane) elastomer and silica and titanium fillers.
- a toner release layer 14 having the appropriate smoothness may include Silastic TM E RTV silicone rubber, available from Dow Corning Corporation.
- the compliant toner release layer 14 preferably has a thickness in a range of approximately 0.25 mm to 5 mm and particularly preferably in a range of approximately 1 mm to 5 mm.
- the toner release layer preferably has a thermal conductivity in a range of approximately 1.14 to 2.84 kg ⁇ s -3 ⁇ K -1 and an elastic modulus between approximately 0.05 MPa and 50 MPa, particularly preferably between approximately 0.1 and 10 MPa.
- the transverse elongation number of the toner release layer is preferably between approximately 0.45 and 0.50.
- the toner release layer is essentially non-compressible, with the transverse elongation number being between 0.48 and 0.50 (the upper limit describes a rounded number).
- the compliant toner release layer 14 further comprises a particulate filler, which may be, and is preferably zinc oxide, alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, graphite.
- the particle filler preferably comprises about 5 to 50 percent by volume of the toner release layer, and more preferably about 10 and 35 percent by volume.
- the filler preferably contributes to the good thermal conductivity in the toner release layer, which reduces the temperature fluctuations near the surface of the roller and thus improves the uniformity in fixing and the image quality.
- the adaptable base cushion layer 12 preferably has a modulus of elasticity which is of the same order of magnitude as the elastic modulus of the compliant Toner release layer 14.
- the optionally thin barrier layer 13 may be necessary to prevent fixing oil from penetrating to prevent the base cushion layer 12 and thus the destruction of the base cushion layer 12 to avoid.
- the barrier layer 13 preferably comprises a fluoropolymer and approximately 20 to 40 percent by volume of the dispersion particle filler.
- the fluoropolymer is preferably a random copolymer consisting of mixtures of monomer units which be formed from vinylide fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene.
- the Filler can be aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, Tin oxide and a mixture of these.
- the thickness is optional predictable barrier layer is in a range of about 10 microns to 50 microns.
- Fig. 2 (b) shows a cross section of a preferred third embodiment of the Invention, which is provided with the reference numeral 60.
- the coated units 11 ', 12 ', 13' and 14 ' correspond in all respects to the dimensions, materials and physical properties of the uncoated units of Fig. 2 (a), namely Core element 11, base cushion layer 12, barrier layer 13 and toner release layer 14.
- Die Roller 60 includes a replaceable removable sleeve member 17 which is a Reinforcement tape 16 and a base cushion layer 12 ', which on the Reinforcement tape is formed, an optional barrier layer 13 ', which on the Base cushion layer adheres, and a toner release layer 14 'on top of the barrier layer is liable.
- the sleeve member 17 is preferably a tubular belt and is in close non-adhesive contact with the core element 11 'and surrounds it closely, wherein the adaptable base cushion layer 12 'is uniform on the Reinforcement tape 16 adheres.
- the reinforcement tape which consists of an arch e.g. by Ultrasonic welding or can be made by an adhesive can also be any suitable material, including metal, elastomer, plastic or a reinforced material such as a reinforced silicone strap.
- the sleeve can be based on a Conventional compressed air technology applied to the core 11 'or removed from it become.
- the reinforcing band of a sleeve not applied preferably has one inner diameter, which is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the core, usually smaller by 300 ⁇ m, and creates a press fit.
- To apply the Compressed air technology is used to sleeve the core to the tubular sleeve expand something elastically so that it can be pushed onto the core element.
- a lubricant can either be on the outside of the Core or on the inside of the reinforcement tape.
- the lubricants include materials that have a low surface energy contact sliding surface generate, such as submicron-sized silicon dioxide, zinc stearate or other particles suitable materials.
- the reinforcement band preferably has a modulus of elasticity in a frame of approximately 100 GPa - 300 GPa, preferably a thickness in one Frames of approximately 20 ⁇ m - 500 ⁇ m, particularly preferably approximately 40 ⁇ m - 100 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 2 (c) shows a cross section of a preferred fourth embodiment of the Invention, which is provided with reference numeral 70.
- the two-stroke units 11 ", 12" and 14 “correspond in dimensions, materials and physical properties the non-dashed units of Fig. 2 (a), namely each Core element 11, base cushion layer 12 and toner release layer 14.
- the roller 70 comprises a core element 11 "and an elastically deformable structure 15 'with a Overdrive control that surrounds the core.
- the elastically deformable structure 15 ' comprises a base cushion layer 12 "formed on the core member 11", one Stiffening layer 18, which is in close contact with the base cushion layer and it and a toner release layer 14 "formed on the stiffener.
- the stiffening layer 18 also serves as a barrier layer to prevent fixing oil from being used Basic cushion layer 12 "penetrates.
- the stiffening layer 18 is preferred thermally conductive, thin and flexible and has the shape of a tubular belt.
- the Stiffening layer 18 is preferably seamless.
- Layer 18 may be a suitable one Include material including polymers and reinforcing elements such as fibers or woven materials.
- Layer 18 is preferably a thin band of metal with a suitable strong metal comprising plated metals, e.g. Nickel or stainless steel.
- the layer 18 has a thickness of less than approximately 500 ⁇ m, preferably in a frame of approximately 10-200 ⁇ m and a modulus of elasticity that is greater than about 0.1 GPa, preferably in a range of about 50 to 300 GPa.
- the preferred material for layer 18 is nickel in the form of a electroformed belt, available e.g. at Stork Screens America, Inc ..
- the roller 70 can be made by forming the base cushion layer on the core member e.g. in a mold and then the core plus base cushion layer is cooled so it shrinks, e.g. through the use of dry ice, then through Sliding the stiffening layer, e.g. in the form of a seamless metallic belt the base cushion layer. After heating, e.g. to room temperature Toner release layer formed on the stiffening element, e.g. by Solvent coating and harden.
- Fig. 2 (d) shows a cross-sectional view of a preferred fifth embodiment of the Invention, which is provided with the reference numeral 80.
- the three-streaked units 11 "', 12"' and 14 "' correspond to the dimensions, materials and physical Properties of the uncoated units from FIG. 2 (a), namely core element 11, Base cushion layer 12 and toner release layer 14.
- Roller 80 includes a replaceable one and removable sleeve member 17 'comprising a reinforcement band 16', one Base cushion layer 12 "'which is formed on the reinforcing tape is one Stiffening layer 18 'which surrounds the base cushion layer 12 "' and in close contact with and a toner release layer 14 ''' 'formed on the stiffening layer 18'.
- the sleeve member 17 ' is preferably in the form of a tubular belt and is in non-adhesive contact with the core element 11 "'and closely surrounds this, the adaptable base cushion layer 12 "'evenly on the reinforcement band 16' liable.
- the stiffening layer 18 ' corresponds to the dimensions in all aspects, Materials and physical properties of layer 18 of FIG. 2 (c), and that Stiffening tape 16 'corresponds in all aspects to the dimensions, materials and physical properties of the stiffening band 16 from FIG. 2 (b).
- the roller 80 can be made by first attaching the reinforcement tape to the mandrel e.g. by using the compressed air assisted technology described above, Form the base cushion layer 12 "'on the reinforcement tape, e.g.
- thin sublayers or subbing layers may be provided between any one the adhesive or neighboring interfaces to the coating of the layers, the gluing between the layers and the shear stress at the interfaces between the To promote layers.
- FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention Simplex fixing station, which is provided with the reference number 100.
- An optional barrier layer (not shown) with dimensions and properties which correspond to those of the layers 13 and 13 'in FIGS. 2 (a) and (b) are similar, can be inserted between layers 22 and 23.
- Base cushion layer 22 has preferred dimensions and features that are the same like that of the adaptable layer 12 of Fig. 2.
- the Toner release layer 23 preferred dimensions and features that are the same like that of the compliant toner release layer 14 of Fig. 2.
- a simplex fixing station (not shown) is the roller 20 by a roller that replaces a structure and preferred dimensions and features which are the same as that of roller 50 of Fig. 1.
- the surface of the roller 20 is external from a heat source in the form of itself in the opposite direction, namely in the direction indicated by the arrows, rotating contacting the heat source Heating rollers 40 and 42, which have corresponding inner heating elements 41 and 43, heated.
- the heat from the external heat source could be from the Toner fixing roller in the form of radiation, such as are e.g. from one or multiple radiation sources or from any other suitable external heat source.
- a receiving sheet 110 which is not a fixed toner image 111 and the toner fixing roller 20 is shown is shown as it approaches gap 120.
- the recording sheet is based on the known mechanical means (not shown), e.g. a roller group or other means, e.g. a moving path, inserted into the gap.
- the fuser preferably has a drive roller, the other rollers due to the frictional contact with the Drive roller rotated and driven.
- the drive roller could e.g. the Toner fixing roller 20, with rollers 30, 40 and 42 being the driven rollers.
- a suitable drive source 29, e.g. are a motor and a mechanical clutch connected to the roller 20 to drive it. If the recording sheet is the Leaves fusing gap, the toner image is fixed on the recording sheet.
- a heating roller is made from any suitable thermally conductive rigid material, preferably aluminum, and can further a preferably heat-stable thin polymer coating on its surface with low surface energy, e.g. a fluoroelastomer or a Silicone rubber that is typically less than about 1.25 mm thick.
- a tubular heating roller is preferred.
- a heating element inside a tubular Heating roller can be an axially central tubular (white) glowing heating lamp, e.g. lamps 41 and 43, or include a resistance filament or other suitable interior Heat source.
- the heat source is from a feedback loop controlled, e.g. by using a thermocouple for monitoring and control the surface temperature of the toner fixing roller 20 by a programmable Power supply (not shown) is used, which is the temperature of the Lamps 41 and 43 regulated.
- the counter-pressure roller 30 comprises a core element 31 and an optionally provided surface layer 32 which surrounds the core.
- the core can be made of a suitable rigid material, eg aluminum, preferably with a cylindrical tube.
- the optional surface layer 32 is preferably less than 1.25 mm thick and preferably comprises a thermally stable, preferably low surface energy compliant or conformable material such as a silicone rubber such as PDMS or a fluoroelastomer such as Viton TM (from DuPont) or Fluorel TM (from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing).
- layer 32 may have a relatively hard poly (tetrafluoroethylene) or other suitable polymeric coating.
- a bare core that does not include a layer 32 can also have anodized aluminum or copper, for example.
- a preferred embodiment of a duplex fixing station according to the invention is indicated by the reference symbol 200 in FIG. 4.
- a first clockwise rotating toner fuser roller, designated 20 ' preferably includes a rigid cylindrical core 21', a base cushion layer 22 'surrounding the core, and a toner release layer 23' surrounding the base cushion layer 22 'as a layer , A barrier layer (not shown) can be inserted between layers 22 'and 23'.
- a second toner fixing roller 20 "rotating in the opposite direction forms a fixing nip 220 with the first toner fixing roller 20 '.
- the second toner fixing roller has the same structure as the first toner fixing roller, ie it comprises a rigid cylindrical core 21", a base cushion layer 22 ", which the Core and a toner release layer 23 "that surrounds the base cushion layer 22".
- the second toner fixing roller 20 is similar to the first toner fixing roller 20 '. Both rollers generally have similar features to roller 20, and the prime and dashed units of FIG. 4 correspond to the similar units that are numbered in FIG. 2 with uncoated reference numerals. Nevertheless, the two toner fixing rollers 20 'and 20 "can differ in certain dimensions, for example roller diameter, layer thickness etc. and can also differ in terms of the materials and their properties.
- Each of the toner fixing rollers is heated by an external heat source, for example by contact with one or more heating rollers, indicated as 40 'and 42' for the rollers 20 'and 40 “and 42” for the roller 20 ", the corresponding heat sources being shown as internal light bulbs 41', 43 ', 41" and 43 " are.
- the heat sources for heating the heating rollers 20 'and 20 " can be external radiation received by the toner fixing rollers, such as that emanating from one or more radiation sources, or other suitable external heat sources.
- a receiving sheet 210 which is located in the fixing gap 220 On each side of the recording element there is an unfixed toner image, which is labeled 211 and 212. After the recording sheet has run through the gap, the toner images are fixed on it.
- rollers 20 'and 20 are replaced by rollers having a structure and preferred dimensions and features are the same as that of Roller 50 of FIG. 1.
- Fig. 5 shows a drawing of a toner fixing roller according to the invention, with the Reference number 90 is provided, on the outer surface of which a number of descriptive characters or specification flags that are intended to specify a parameter related to the roller.
- the outer surface can be one correspond to the outer surface of a roller 90 with a sleeve element, in which case the outer surface of the roller is the outer surface of the sleeve member.
- the Specification marks are in a small area 92 "on part of the cylindrical surface is located near one end of the roller.
- the specification indicators are particularly preferred in a small area 92 ' included, preferably near the edge or the edge (the individual Layers including roller 90 are not shown).
- roller 90 is the sleeve provided with the sleeve
- the area 92 ' is preferably at the edge of the Sleeve arranged.
- An enlarged view 92 of either the small area 92 'or 92 " shows that the specification indicators can be in the form of a barcode, such as can be seen from reference numeral 93, which e.g. is readable by a scanner.
- the Scanner can be attached in an electrophotographic apparatus so that it is a toner fixing roller according to the invention monitored, e.g. during the operation of the apparatus or during a standstill of the apparatus, or the scanner can be provided externally are during the installation of or during the maintenance of an inventive Roller.
- the specification indicators can be identified using a Specification mark detector 95 can be read, felt or determined.
- a Specification mark detector 95 can be read, felt or determined.
- the analog or digital output the specification flag detector 95 to the logic control unit (LCU) sent in an electrostatographic apparatus with a toner fixing roller according to the invention is installed, or it can be processed externally e.g. in a portable computer during installation or maintenance of a or the toner fixing roller of the present invention, or any other suitable one Data processing device / processor are processed.
- the Specification marks can be optical, magnetic or by radio frequencies to be read.
- the specification indicators can appropriate markings, including symbols and common words and can be provided with a color code.
- the specification indicators can also be read visually or evaluated with the eye.
- a color coded Specification marks on a roller can have a relatively large colored area include, which otherwise has no markings or other features that easily with could be evaluated to a predetermined property of the eye display color-coded roller.
- a heat-related change in Specification marks can be used to determine the lifespan of a monitor toner fixing roller according to the invention.
- One color one Specification indicator of a color-coded toner fixing roller according to the invention could e.g. selected to be a slow wear or a heat related slow change due to heat, e.g. one in the making to achieve applied paint, fading or other heat-related Color change as a yardstick for the past lifespan or for the remaining life of the roller could be used.
- Such Color changes can also be monitored with the eye.
- the Color change measured using a reflected light beam e.g. by using a densitometer or spectrometer or other suitable means for Measuring the intensity or color of the light from the specification marks, the reflected optical information passed to an LCU or other computer becomes.
- a specification label can also be used to identify the Measure the rate of wear of a fixation wall according to the invention, e.g. through the Using part of the specification flags with a predetermined one Wear rate.
- the rate of wear of a specification label can also be optical be measured, e.g. by monitoring the optical density of the reflection of a part the specification marks that may be subject to wear, or by other appropriate measures. Suitable materials for the specification marks are e.g.
- the specification indicators can be arranged on a sticker that is on the outer surface of the roller is glued on.
- the Specification marks are also available as an increased area, created by stamping or by otherwise deforming a small area on the outside of the Roller; the deformations can be felt mechanically or otherwise using a Specification tag detector 95 in the form of a contacting probe or by means of other mechanical means can be determined or read.
- Different types of information can be encoded in the specification flags or be recorded.
- the outer diameter of a roller are recorded so that the parameters for the gap width accordingly can be adjusted.
- the temperature frame and the pressure in the fixing gap at Operations can be recorded in the specification flags.
- the Date of manufacture of the roller can be used for diagnostic purposes in the Specification marks are recorded so that the end of the life of the Roller could be estimated for timely replacement.
- Specific information for each roller in terms of its life, e.g. measured by their date of manufacture can also be recorded in the specification indicator.
- Toner fixing roller 90 which may comprise a roller equipped with a sleeve, Specification marks on the outer surfaces of rollers 10, 50, 60, 70 and 80 intended.
- a sleeved roller it may be useful to use a To provide a specification feature on an inner surface of a sleeve element, or on the surface of the core element. If a specification indicator is on the Core element is provided, it may also be useful to have an opening in the To create a sleeve element so that the specification mark can be determined, if the sleeve element is arranged in the operating position on the core element.
- Toner fixing roller according to paragraph 8 wherein the elastic modulus of the compliant The toner release layer is in a range between 0.05 MPa and 50 MPa.
- Toner fixing roller according to paragraph 8 the thickness of the compliant Toner release layer in a frame of between 0.25 mm and 5 mm.
- the thickness of the compliant Toner release layer is in a frame of 0.25 mm to 1 mm.
- Toner fixing roller according to paragraph 16 wherein the solid phase in the form of a open-cell or closed-cell structure an elastic modulus in a frame of 0.5 MPa and 500 MPa.
- roller according to paragraph 25 the solid phase being in the form of an open cell or closed cell structure a modulus of elasticity in a frame of 1 MPa and 100 MPa.
- the thickness of the adaptable base cushion layer is between 0.5 mm and 25 mm.
- the thickness of the adaptable Base cushion layer is between 1.25 mm and 12.5 mm.
- roller according to paragraph 8 the modulus of elasticity being the adaptable Base cushion layer in the same order of magnitude as the elastic modulus of the compliant toner release layer.
- the toner fuser roller of paragraph 13 wherein the thin barrier layer is a fluoroelastomer plus 20 to 40 volume percent of a particulate filler, which Fluoroelastomer is preferably any copolymer made from blends of Monomer units included among vinylidene, fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoroethylene are selected, and the filler is aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, Has magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide and mixtures of these substances.
- a particulate filler which Fluoroelastomer is preferably any copolymer made from blends of Monomer units included among vinylidene, fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoroethylene are selected, and the filler is aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, Has magnesium oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide and mixtures of these substances.
- the toner fuser roller of paragraph 39, wherein the barrier layer has a thickness in one Includes frames from 10 to 50 microns.
- the hard platen roller is a rigid cylindrical tube optionally coated with an elastomer which is less than 1.25 mm thick and comprises a fluoroelastomer or a silicone rubber.
- the toner fixing method of paragraph 46 wherein the hard platen roller is a rigid cylindrical tube optionally coated with an elastomer which is less than 1.25 mm thick and comprises a fluoroelastomer or a silicone rubber.
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- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch eine extern beheizte Tonerfixierwalze mit einer verformbaren Struktur, die ein steifes Kernelement gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umgibt,
- Fig. 2 (a)
- einen Querschnitt durch eine extern beheizte Tonerfixierwalze mit einer verformbaren Struktur, die ein steifes Kernelement gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umgibt,
- Fig. 2 (b)
- einen Querschnitt einer bevorzugten extern beheizten Tonerfixierwalze mit einem Hülsenelement, das eine verformbare Struktur aufweist, welche ein steifes Kernelement gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umgibt,
- Fig. 2 (c)
- einen Querschnitt durch eine extern beheizte Tonerfixierwalze mit einer verformbaren Struktur mit einer Versteifungsschicht, wobei die verformbare Struktur, die ein steifes Kernelement gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst,
- Fig. 2 (d)
- einen Querschnitt einer bevorzugten extern beheizten Tonerfixierwalze mit einem Hülsenelement, das eine verformbare Struktur mit einem Versteifungselement aufweist, wobei das Hülsenelement ein steifes Kernelement gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform der Erfindung umgibt,
- Fig. 3
- eine Ansicht einer Simplex-Tonerfixierstation mit einer harten Gegendruckwalze, die in einem Fixierspalt an eine erfindungsgemäße bevorzugte extern beheizte Tonerfixierwalze angestellt ist,
- Fig. 4
- eine Ansicht einer Duplex-Tonerfixierstation mit einer bevorzugt extern beheizten ersten Tonerfixierwalze, die in einem Fixierspalt an eine erfindungsgemäße bevorzugte extern beheizte zweite Tonerfixierwalze angestellt ist, und
- Fig. 5
- eine Ansicht der Außenseite einer Tonerfixierwalze mit einer Markierung eines spezifischen Merkmals auf der äußeren Oberfläche in einem kleinen Bereich, der sich erfindungsgemäß nahe des einen Endes der Walze befindet.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Duplexfixierstation wird von dem Bezugszeichen 200 in Fig. 4 angegeben. Eine erste sich im Uhrzeigersinn drehende Tonerfixierwalze, die mit dem Bezugszeichen 20' versehen ist, umfasst vorzugsweise einen steifen zylindrischen Kern 21', eine Grundpolsterschicht 22', die den Kern umgibt, und eine Tonerablöseschicht 23', die die Grundpolsterschicht 22' als Schicht umgibt. Eine Sperrschicht (nicht dargestellt) kann zwischen den Schichten 22' und 23' eingefügt werden. Eine zweite sich in entgegengesetzter Richtung drehende Tonerfixierwalze 20" bildet einen Fixierspalt 220 mit der ersten Tonerfixierwalze 20'. Die zweite Tonerfixierwalze hat die gleiche Struktur wie die erste Tonerfixierwalze, d.h. sie umfasst einen steifen zylindrischen Kern 21", eine Grundpolsterschicht 22", die den Kern umgibt, und eine Tonerablöseschicht 23", die die Grundpolsterschicht 22" umgibt. Die zweite Tonerfixierwalze 20" ist ähnlich der ersten Tonerfixierwalze 20'. Beide Walzen weisen im Allgemeinen ähnliche Merkmale wie die Walze 20 auf und die eingestrichen und zweigestrichenen Einheiten von Fig. 4 entsprechen den ähnlichen Einheiten, die in Fig. 2 mit ungestrichenen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dennoch können die zwei Tonerfixierwalzen 20' und 20" in bestimmten Abmessungen verschieden sein, so z.B. Walzendurchmesser, Schichtdicke etc. und können sich auch was die Materialien und deren Eigenschaften anbelangt unterscheiden. Jede der Tonerfixierwalzen wird von einer externen Wärmequelle beheizt, z.B. durch Kontakt mit einer oder mehreren Heizwalzen, die als 40' und 42' für die Walzen 20' und 40" und 42" für die Walze 20" angegeben sind, wobei die entsprechenden Wärmequellen als innere Glühlampen 41', 43', 41" und 43" dargestellt sind. Alternativ dazu können die Wärmequellen zum Beheizen der Heizwalzen 20' und 20" externe Strahlung sein, die von den Tonerfixierwalzen aufgenommen wird, wie sie z.B. von einer oder mehreren Strahlungsquellen ausgeht, oder andere geeignete externe Wärmequellen. Ein Aufnahmebogen 210, der sich dem Fixierspalt 220 nähert, ist dargestellt. Auf jeder Seite des Aufnahmeelements befindet sich ein nicht fixiertes Tonerbild, das mit 211 bzw. 212 bezeichnet ist. Nachdem der Aufnahmebogen durch den Spalt gelaufen ist, sind die Tonerbilder auf ihm fixiert.
- ein steifes zylinderförmiges Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch verformbare Struktur mit einer Overdrivekontrolle, die das Kernelement umgibt, wobei die elastisch verformbare Struktur eine tatsächliche und eine betriebliche Querdehnzahl von weniger als 0,35 aufweist, und ein tatsächliches und betriebliches Elastizitätsmodul zwischen 0,05 MPa und 50 MPa, eine Dicke zwischen 2 mm und 25 mm und im Fixierspaltbereich eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit in radialer Richtung von weniger als 2,84 kg·s-3·K-1 aufweist.
- ein steifes zylindrisches Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch anpassungsfähige Grundpolsterschicht, die auf dem Kernelement haftet,
- eine wahlweise vorsehbare dünne biegsame Sperrschicht, die auf der Grundpolsterschicht haftet; und
- eine elastisch nachgiebige Tonerablöseschicht, die auf der Sperrschicht haftet, wobei die Tonerablöseschicht eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4, ein Elastizitätsmodul in einem Rahmen von 0,05 MPa und 50 MPa, eine Dicke zwischen 0,25 mm und 5 mm und eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit zwischen 1,14 und 2,84 kg·s-3·K-1 aufweist.
- ein steifes zylindrisches Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch verformbare Struktur mit Overdrivekontrolle, die das Kernelement umgibt, die elastisch verformbare Struktur mit einer Querdehnzahl von weniger als 0,35, einem Elastizitätsmodul zwischen 0,05 und 50 MPa, einer Dicke zwischen 2 mm und 25 mm und
- einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit in radialer Richtung von weniger als 2,84 kg·s-3·K-1 innerhalb des Fixierspaltbereichs.
des Weiteren umfassen:
- ein steifes zylindrisches Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch verformbare Grundpolsterschicht, die auf dem Kernelement haftet, wobei die Grundpolsterschicht eine Querdehnzahl von weniger als 0,35 aufweist, eine Dicke zwischen 0,5 mm und 25 mm, ein Elastizitätsmodul zwischen 0,05 und 50 MPa, eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit in radialer Richtung von weniger als 2,27 kg·s-3·K-1 innerhalb des Spalts; und
- eine wahlweise vorsehbare dünne biegsame Sperrschicht, die auf der Grundpolsterschicht haftet; und
- eine elastisch nachgiebige Tonerablöseschicht, die auf der Sperrschicht haftet, wobei die Tonerablöseschicht eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4, ein Elastizitätsmodul in einem Rahmen von 0,05 MPa bis 50 MPa, eine Dicke zwischen 0,25 mm und 5 mm und eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit zwischen 1,14 und 2,84 kg·s-3·K-1 aufweist.
- ein steifes zylindrisches Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch verformbare Struktur mit Overdrivekontrolle, die das Kemelement umgibt,
- ein steifes zylindrisches Kernelement; und
- eine elastisch anpassungsfähige Grundpolsterschicht, die auf dem Kernelement haftet,
- eine wahlweise vorsehbare dünne biegsame Sperrschicht, die auf der Grundpolsterschicht haftet; und
- eine elastisch nachgiebige Tonerablöseschicht, die auf der Sperrschicht haftet, wobei die Tonerablöseschicht eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4, ein Elastizitätsmodul in einem Rahmen zwischen 0,05 MPa und 50 MPa, eine Dicke zwischen 0,25 mm und 5 mm und
- eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit zwischen ungefähr 1,14 und 2,84 kg·s-3·K-1 aufweist.
- 10
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 11, 11', 11", 11'''
- Kernelement
- 12, 12', 12",
- 12"' Grundpolsterschicht
- 13, 13'
- Sperrschicht
- 14, 14', 14",
- 14"' Tonerablöseschicht
- 15, 15'
- elastisch verformbare Struktur
- 16, 16'
- Verstärkungsband
- 18, 18'
- Versteifungsschicht
- 17, 17'
- Hülsenelement
- 20, 20', 20"
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 21, 21', 21"
- zylindrischer Kern
- 22, 22', 22"
- Grundpolsterschicht
- 23, 23', 23"
- Tonerablöseschicht
- 29
- Antriebsquelle
- 30
- Gegendruckwalze
- 31
- Kernelement
- 32
- Oberflächenschicht
- 40, 40', 40"
- Heizwalze
- 41, 41', 41"
- inneres Heizelement
- 42, 42', 42"
- Heizwalze
- 43, 43', 43"
- inneres Heizelement
- 50
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 51
- Kernelement
- 52
- elastisch verformbare Struktur
- 60
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 70
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 80
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 90
- Tonerfixierwalze
- 92
- Spezifizierungskennzeichen
- 92', 92"
- Spezifizierungskennzeichen
- 93
- Barcode
- 95
- Spezifizierungskennzeichendetektor
- 100
- Simplexfixierstation
- 110
- Aufnahmebogen
- 111
- nicht fixiertes Tonerbild
- 120
- Fixierspalt
- 200
- Duplexfixierstation
- 210
- Aufnahmebogen
- 211
- nicht fixiertes Tonerbild
- 212
- nicht fixiertes Tonerbild
- 220
- Fixierspalt
Claims (10)
- Eine verformbare Tonerfixierwalze (20) zur Verwendung in einer Fixierstation (100, 200) eines elektrostatografischen Apparats mit:einem steifen zylindrischen Kernelement (21);einem austauschbaren entfernbaren Hülsenelement (17), das ein Kernelement (21) umgibt und in engem nicht haftenden Kontakt mit dem Kernelement (21) steht; undwobei die Tonerfixierwalze (20) so angepasst ist, dass sie von einer externen Wärmequelle (40, 42) beheizt wird.
- Tonerfixierwalze nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das austauschbare entfernbare Hülsenelement (17) des Weiteren folgende Elemente umfasst:ein Verstärkungsband (16);eine Grundpolsterschicht (12), die auf dem Verstärkungsband (16) gebildet wird;eine Versteifungsschicht (18), die die Grundpolsterschicht umgibt und in engem Kontakt mit der Grundpolsterschicht (12) steht; undeine Tonerablöseschicht (14), die auf der Versteifungsschicht (18) gebildet wird. - Tonerfixierwalze nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundpolsterschicht (12) des Weiteren einen Schaum mit einer Querdehnzahl zwischen 0,2 und 0,4 umfasst, wobei die Tonerablöseschicht (14) eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4 umfasst, und die Tonerfixierwalze (20) so angepasst ist, dass sie von einer außerhalb der Tonerfixierwalze (20) angeordneten Wärmequelle (40, 42) beheizt wird. - Tonerfixierwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 mit einem Spezifizierungskennzeichen (92) auf einer äußeren Oberfläche der Tonerfixierwalze (20)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spezifizierungskennzeichen (92) auf der Tonerfixierwalze (20) vorgesehen sind, um ein auf die Tonerfixierwalze (20) bezogenes Parameter anzuzeigen, das von einem Spezifizierungskennzeichendetektor (95) entweder visuell, mechanisch, elektrisch, optisch, magnetisch oder durch Radiofrequenz ermittelt werden kann. - Verfahren zum Bilden einer verformbaren Tonerfixierwalze (20) zur Verwendung in einer Fixierstation (100, 200) eines elektrostatografischen Apparats, welches die folgenden Verfahrensschritte umfasst:zur Verfügung Stellen eines zylindrischen Kernelements (11) mit einer elastisch verformbaren Struktur (15) mit Overdrivekontrolle, die das Kernelement (11) umgibt; undAnpassen der Tonerfixierwalze (20), so dass sie von einer außerhalb der Tonerfixierwalze (20) angeordneten Wärmequelle (40, 42) beheizt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des zur Verfügung Stellens des Weiteren vorsieht, dass die elastisch verformbare Struktur (15) mit Overdrivekontrolle eine Querdehnzahl zwischen 0,2 und 0,4 aufweist. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des zur Verfügung Stellens des Weiteren einSpezifizierungskennzeichen (92) umfasst, das ein auf die Tonerfixierwalze (20) bezogenes Parameter zur Verfügung stellt, wobei dasSpezifizierungskennzeichen (92) entweder visuell, mechanisch, elektrisch, optisch, magnetisch oder per Radiofrequenz ermittelt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des zur Verfügung Stellens des Weiteren vorsieht, dass die elastisch verformbare Struktur (15) mit Overdrivekontrolle, die das Kernelement (11) umgibt folgende Elemente aufweist:eine Grundpolsterschicht (12), die auf dem Kernelement (11) gebildet wird;eine wahlweise vorsehbare Sperrschicht (13), die auf der Grundpolsterschicht (12) haftet; undeine Tonerablöseschicht (14), die auf der Sperrschicht (13) haftet. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des zur Verfügung Stellens des Weiteren das zur Verfügung Stellen der Grundpolsterschicht (12) umfasst, die einen Schaum umfasst, der eine Querdehnzahl zwischen 0,2 und 0,4 aufweist, und wobei die Tonerablöseschicht eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4 aufweist. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des zur Verfügung Stellens des Weiteren das zur Verfügung Stellen eines austauschbaren entfernbaren Hülsenelements (17) als elastisch verformbare Struktur (15) vorsieht, wobei das austauschbare entfernbare Hülsenelement (17) des Weiteren die folgenden Elemente umfasst:ein Verstärkungsband (16);eine Grundpolsterschicht (12) mit einem Schaum, der eine Querdehnzahl zwischen 0,2 und 0,4 aufweist und auf dem Verstärkungsband (16) gebildet ist;eine wahlweise vorsehbare Sperrschicht (13), die auf der Grundpolsterschicht (12) haftet; undeine Tonerablöseschicht (14), die eine Querdehnzahl von mehr als 0,4 aufweist, welche auf der Sperrschicht (13) haftet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/679,345 US6463250B1 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2000-10-04 | Externally heated deformable fuser roller |
US679345 | 2000-10-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1195661A2 true EP1195661A2 (de) | 2002-04-10 |
EP1195661A3 EP1195661A3 (de) | 2005-02-02 |
Family
ID=24726551
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EP01123266A Withdrawn EP1195661A3 (de) | 2000-10-04 | 2001-10-04 | Extern beheizte verformbare Tonerfixierwalze |
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US (1) | US6463250B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1195661A3 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002116648A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10148939A1 (de) |
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WO2013067422A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | A method and an apparatus having a compressible collar for thermally treating a photosensitive precursor |
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US7184679B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-02-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Receiver member speed control through a fuser assembly of a reproduction apparatus |
JP5147510B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2013-02-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真用ローラ部材の製造方法 |
JP2009150933A (ja) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-07-09 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 定着装置及び画像形成装置 |
US20090162120A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Manico Joseph A | Printer and printing method using receiver medium having adjustable properties |
US7875314B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-01-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for using receiver medium having adjustable properties |
JP5186337B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-06 | 2013-04-17 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | 発泡弾性体およびその製造方法ならびに電子写真機器用導電性ロール |
JP5233369B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 株式会社リコー | 画像形成装置 |
JP5251909B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-07-31 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | 定着ローラ、定着装置及び画像形成装置 |
JP2015075633A (ja) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-20 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 加圧部材、定着装置および画像形成装置 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013067422A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | A method and an apparatus having a compressible collar for thermally treating a photosensitive precursor |
US9032877B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2015-05-19 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and an apparatus having a compressible collar for thermally treating a photosensitive precursor |
US9291906B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2016-03-22 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and an apparatus having a compressible collar for thermally treating a photosensitive precursor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6463250B1 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
EP1195661A3 (de) | 2005-02-02 |
DE10148939A1 (de) | 2002-04-11 |
JP2002116648A (ja) | 2002-04-19 |
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