EP1169492A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher beschichtungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher beschichtungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1169492A2 EP1169492A2 EP00934914A EP00934914A EP1169492A2 EP 1169492 A2 EP1169492 A2 EP 1169492A2 EP 00934914 A EP00934914 A EP 00934914A EP 00934914 A EP00934914 A EP 00934914A EP 1169492 A2 EP1169492 A2 EP 1169492A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- starting substance
- layers
- reactant gas
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 76
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- BHKKSKOHRFHHIN-MRVPVSSYSA-N 1-[[2-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]-4-chlorophenyl]methyl]-2-sulfanylidene-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one Chemical compound N[C@H](C)C1=C(CN2C(NC(C3=C2C=CN3)=O)=S)C=CC(=C1)Cl BHKKSKOHRFHHIN-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 chalcogen hydrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000224 chemical solution deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QDZOEBFLNHCSSF-PFFBOGFISA-N (2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-N-[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]pentanediamide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 QDZOEBFLNHCSSF-PFFBOGFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100024304 Protachykinin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101800003906 Substance P Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005224 laser annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S501/00—Compositions: ceramic
- Y10S501/90—Optical glass, e.g. silent on refractive index and/or ABBE number
- Y10S501/906—Thorium oxide containing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing thin, sparingly soluble coatings on substrates with any morphology. It should preferably be possible to produce ceramic and oxide layers, but also metallic and further chalcogenide layers
- Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic, poorly soluble in water and at least 30% crystalline However, they can be expanded by the group of glasses, glass ceramics and inorganic binders.
- the ceramic materials are divided into the two large groups “functional ceramics” and “structural ceramics”. Structural ceramics consider materials based on oxides and silicates as well as carbides and nitrides , Bonding and silicides (M0S1 2 ) of main group elements
- oxide ceramics can be understood to mean all ceramic materials that essentially (> 90%) consist of single-phase and component metal oxides. In contrast, all materials based on ceramically produced materials from the system boron, carbon, nitrogen, silicon are called and possibly oxygen as "non-oxide ceramics" Oxide ceramic materials are polycrystalline materials made from pure oxides or oxide compounds; they are of high purity and are usually free of glass phase. In addition to the high-melting metal oxides, such as aluminum, zirconium, magnesium, titanium and beryllium oxide, and calcium oxide, one can also use magnetic ceramics Add materials and materials with a high dielectric constant, piezoceramic. However, the limitation to the high-melting oxides is common.
- silicon dioxide Si0 2
- oxide ceramics silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) is not classified under oxide ceramics.
- oxide ceramic materials a distinction is still made between simple oxides and complex oxides. These include, for example, chromite with a coarse structure and perovskite, ferrites and garnets with a fine structure.
- sputtering For sputtering (cf. for ZnO: "Use of a helicon wave excited plasma of aluminum-doped ZnO thin-film sputtering" by K.Yamaya et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 (2), January 12, 1998, 235-37) atoms are released from a metal cathode by impacting ions of a gas discharge ("cathode sputtering"). The sputtered metal is then deposited on a surface as a uniform layer. Using molecular beam epitaxy using of oxygen-containing plasma in the presence of a microwave field, single-crystal ZnO thin films can be produced on c-planar sapphire (cf.
- ZnO films with good quality can also be produced by direct electrode deposition from aqueous solutions at a low process temperature (see: "Preparation Of ZnO Films By Electro-depositon From Aqueous Solution” by S.Peulon at al., 13th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, October 23-27, 1995, Nice, France, 1750-52) in the sol-gel technique (see "Micostructure of Ti0 2 and ZnO Films Fabricated by the Sol-Gel Method" by Y.Ohya et al., J.Am.Ceram.Soc. 79 [4] 825-30 (1996)) solidify colloid solutions present as sol under reaction with water and removal of solvent with the solidly adsorbed solvent residues to form a gel which adheres to surfaces and can be dried.
- a solution for the production of thin, sparingly soluble coatings on substrates with any morphology is therefore provided as a solution to the stated main problem, with the following process steps to be carried out cyclically, depending on the desired layer thickness, for the production of ceramic or oxide layers:
- the processes according to the invention can be used to produce films of poorly soluble oxides and generally of those compounds which are formed by reacting a dry solid starting compound with a gaseous reaction component.
- the decisive factor here is the hydrolysis of the starting substance layer, which has been dried to achieve a homogeneous surface, by means of a moist reactant gas to form hydroxides or complexes, for example amine complexes when using moist ammonia gas as the reactant gas.
- the reactant gas can, however, also be another, preferably basic reacting steam or possibly water steam alone.
- steam is always intended to mean moist gases, ie a mixture of gaseous water, basic gas and in most cases an inert carrier gas.
- Moist ammonia gas is produced by simply "bubbling" nitrogen through a wash bottle with an aqueous ammonia solution .
- the generation of metallic layers by Fumigation accordingly requires treatment with reducing gases.
- the desired ceramic or oxidic surface layers or other end layers are then produced by water elimination - and in the case of complexes also by ligand elimination.
- the thermal treatment of the hydroxide or complex layers can be carried out in a separate process step after the gassing with the reactant gas, for example by heating the layers in an oven. However, it can also be brought about during the gassing process by increasing the process temperature. By using a higher temperature, the optional cleaning step may omitted, as this can already remove unwanted substances from the film. In certain cases, an oxide can even form directly even without the use of a specifically brought about temperature increase.
- the thermal treatment can extend to both necessary fumigations.
- the thermal treatment for forming the respective final layer can also be understood as the removal of disruptive components. In the production of metallic layers, this is used to remove unwanted by-products.
- the starting substance is a metal compound, for example metal halides such as ZnCl 2 or AICI 3 , of the metal whose oxide, ceramic (eg ZnO, Al 2 0 3 ) or metal is desired as the end product for the coating.
- the correspondingly dissolved metal salt is then applied to the substrate, dried (if necessary up to a defined residual moisture) and reacted with gaseous reactants.
- Layers produced using the method according to the invention can be used in solar technology in the production of many components of solar cells. In materials technology, all possible smooth, rough and porous substrates can be coated.
- the process allows the use of starting substance mixtures or different starting substances and their alternating use, the production of homogeneously doped layers and mixed layers as well as the generation of multi-layers.
- the thin, poorly soluble coatings can be used wherever an extended surface protection is required This can be purely about mechanical and chemical protection of the surface, but also about influencing its physical and chemical surface properties, such as conductivity, reflection and absorption behavior or catalysis or chemisorption.
- the increased energy requirement during the crystal transformation can of course also be provided directly by an increased process temperature during the chalcogenization step in the sense of the generally known tempering. Illuminating the substrate with a halogen lamp may be sufficient.
- the chalcogenization step can also be carried out within an oven.
- the measures mentioned lead to purer and higher quality thin films with a simultaneous reduction in the quantity of the reactant gas containing chalcogen hydrogen to be used and reduce the deposition time, since it may be possible to dispense with winding steps, which can cost time and reduce the quality of the end product.
- no starting materials are Residues to be expected more, the by-products occurring here are relatively volatile and can be removed in the last process step if the temperature is selected appropriately.
- the temperature may only be increased as low as necessary, so that in such a case the combination of the hydroxide step with a slightly higher process temperature makes sense.
- Nano-kstallites are becoming increasingly important in research and technology because they lead to quantum-size effects in thin films that influence the optical and electrical properties of the material
- FIG. 1 shows the process flow according to the invention in the production of a ceramic coating in a suitable arrangement
- FIG. 2 shows the process flow according to the invention in the production of a chalcogenide coating
- FIG. 1 shows the production of a zinc oxide layer on an amorphous substrate S. which is clamped in a substrate holder SH that can be moved in three-dimensional space. To cover the individual baths, the substrate holder SH has a cover C.
- the substrate S is converted into a suitable one Starting substance P (precursor) immersed In the selected exemplary embodiment, this is a Solution bath LB with the dissolved metal compound zinc chloride ZnCI 2 . After pulling out, there is a starting substance layer PL, here ZnCl 2 , on the substrate surface.
- the ZnCl 2 layer is first dried in a vessel V in a second method step II, for example by introducing a gas stream GS. This can be inert nitrogen.
- a gas stream GS This can be inert nitrogen.
- the dried starting substance layer PLD is again gassed in the vessel V with a moist reactant gas RG, here moist ammonia gas.
- the moist ammonia gas is produced by simply introducing nitrogen N 2 into a wash bottle B in which there are concentrated ammonia solution NH OH and water H 2 0.
- a hydroxide layer HL has formed on the substrate S, in the exemplary embodiment zinc hydroxide Zn (OH) 2 .
- Different vessels V can also be used for drying and gassing.
- a fourth method step IV the substrate S provided with the zinc hydroxide Zn (OH) 2 is introduced into an oven H.
- the Zn (OH) 2 is thermally converted into zinc oxide ZnO by elimination of water by supplying energy.
- This oxidic or ceramic layer OL / CL covers the substrate on its entire accessible surface, including the inner surface, safely and exerts its functionality there.
- a subsequent rinsing and drying process step is optional and not shown here.
- the process steps mentioned can be carried out several times cyclically.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the process sequence according to the invention for producing other chalcogenide coatings using the example of cadmium sulfide CdS.
- Method steps and reference numerals which are not further explained here can be found in the description of FIG. 1.
- After carrying out process steps I to III with adsorption P (CdCI 2 ), Drying PLD (CdCI 2 ), fumigation (N 2 + NH 3 ) and hydroxide formation HL (Cd (OH) 2 ) is a further process step purple, in which the hydroxide layer HL (Cd (OH) 2 ) formed with a additional, containing chalcogen hydrogen compounds reactant gas CRG (here hydrogen sulfide H 2 S) is brought into contact.
- CRG hydrogen sulfide H 2 S
- This process step purple the chalcogenization step, creates a chalcogenide coating CHL in the form of cadmium sulfide (CdS) on the substrate S.
- the process temperature TP is increased, for example by carrying out the process steps in a muffle furnace H, in order to improve the material conversion.
- the thermal treatment in process step IV therefore extends to both fumigations III, purple.
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- Chemically Coating (AREA)
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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SI200030030T SI1169492T1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-04-06 | Method of producing thin, poorly soluble coatings |
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DE19916403 | 1999-04-06 | ||
DE19916403A DE19916403C1 (de) | 1999-04-06 | 1999-04-06 | Verfahren zur Herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher Beschichtungen |
PCT/DE2000/001173 WO2000060135A2 (de) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-04-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher beschichtungen |
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EP1169492A2 true EP1169492A2 (de) | 2002-01-09 |
EP1169492B1 EP1169492B1 (de) | 2002-09-25 |
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EP00934914A Expired - Lifetime EP1169492B1 (de) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-04-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher beschichtungen |
Country Status (16)
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US (1) | US8158204B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1169492B1 (de) |
JP (2) | JP4275319B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20010113877A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1268786C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE224965T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU757674B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2367342A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19916403C1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1169492T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2183798T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HU222653B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL193049B1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1169492E (de) |
RU (1) | RU2250932C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000060135A2 (de) |
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DE10142913B4 (de) | 2001-08-27 | 2004-03-18 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Vertikale Transistoranordnung mit einem flexiblen, aus Kunststofffolien bestehenden Substrat und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
DE10160504C2 (de) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-11-13 | Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung dünner, schwer löslicher Beschichtungen |
DE10258727A1 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Schott Glas | Ofen |
DE10339824B4 (de) * | 2003-08-24 | 2005-07-07 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Beschichtungsverfahren zur Deposition und Fixierung von Partikeln auf einer Substratoberfläche und Solarzellen mit funkionellem Schichtenaufbau |
KR100863932B1 (ko) * | 2007-07-10 | 2008-11-18 | 주식회사 코미코 | 세라믹 용사 코팅층의 수화 처리 방법과, 이를 이용한정전척 제조 방법 그리고 상기 수화 처리 방법에 형성된세라믹 용사 코팅층을 갖는 기판 구조물 및 정전척 |
DE102008017077B4 (de) | 2008-04-01 | 2011-08-11 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 14109 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer n-halbleitenden Indiumsulfid-Dünnschicht |
DE102009037371B3 (de) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-17 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Für Materialien Und Energie Gmbh | Beschichtungsvorrichtung mit Ultraschallzerstäuber |
CN103489962B (zh) * | 2013-10-07 | 2017-01-04 | 复旦大学 | 大面积制备半导体量子点的方法 |
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US4242374A (en) | 1979-04-19 | 1980-12-30 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Process for thin film deposition of metal and mixed metal chalcogenides displaying semi-conductor properties |
JPS63103886A (ja) * | 1986-10-21 | 1988-05-09 | 日本碍子株式会社 | メタライズペ−ストならびにそれを使用してなるセラミツクスのメタライズ法 |
US5106828A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1992-04-21 | North American Philips Corporation | Method for fabricating superconductors by sol-gel process |
ES2135427T3 (es) | 1992-07-08 | 1999-11-01 | Yeda Res & Dev | Peliculas finas y orientadas policristalinas de calgogenuros de un metal de transicion. |
JP2535790B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-09-18 | 工業技術院長 | タングステンブロンズおよびその被覆複合体の製造方法 |
US5686368A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-11-11 | Quantum Group, Inc. | Fibrous metal oxide textiles for spectral emitters |
JPH10128115A (ja) * | 1996-11-01 | 1998-05-19 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | 担持貴金属触媒およびその製造方法 |
ES2292241T3 (es) * | 1998-03-19 | 2008-03-01 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Procedimiento y disposicion para la produccion de delgadas capas de calcogenuros metalicos. |
DE19831214C2 (de) * | 1998-03-19 | 2003-07-03 | Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin Gmbh | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Herstellung dünner Metallchalkogenid-Schichten |
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1999
- 1999-04-06 DE DE19916403A patent/DE19916403C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2000-04-06 WO PCT/DE2000/001173 patent/WO2000060135A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-06 EP EP00934914A patent/EP1169492B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-06 AU AU50600/00A patent/AU757674B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2000-04-06 DK DK00934914T patent/DK1169492T3/da active
- 2000-04-06 HU HU0200790A patent/HU222653B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-06 KR KR1020017012681A patent/KR20010113877A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-06 PL PL350799A patent/PL193049B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-06 PT PT00934914T patent/PT1169492E/pt unknown
- 2000-04-06 CN CNB008059608A patent/CN1268786C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-06 ES ES00934914T patent/ES2183798T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2009
- 2009-01-05 JP JP2009000038A patent/JP2009084153A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See references of WO0060135A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20010113877A (ko) | 2001-12-28 |
WO2000060135A3 (de) | 2001-04-19 |
PL350799A1 (en) | 2003-02-10 |
DE50000568D1 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
CA2367342A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
JP2003530284A (ja) | 2003-10-14 |
EP1169492B1 (de) | 2002-09-25 |
JP2009084153A (ja) | 2009-04-23 |
ES2183798T3 (es) | 2003-04-01 |
ATE224965T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
DK1169492T3 (da) | 2003-02-03 |
CN1346412A (zh) | 2002-04-24 |
AU757674B2 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
JP4275319B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
HUP0200790A2 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
CN1268786C (zh) | 2006-08-09 |
AU5060000A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
WO2000060135A2 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
PT1169492E (pt) | 2003-02-28 |
HU222653B1 (hu) | 2003-09-29 |
PL193049B1 (pl) | 2007-01-31 |
RU2250932C2 (ru) | 2005-04-27 |
DE19916403C1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
US8158204B1 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
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