EP1146157A2 - Zungennadel mit verbessertem Fadenraum - Google Patents
Zungennadel mit verbessertem Fadenraum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1146157A2 EP1146157A2 EP01108697A EP01108697A EP1146157A2 EP 1146157 A2 EP1146157 A2 EP 1146157A2 EP 01108697 A EP01108697 A EP 01108697A EP 01108697 A EP01108697 A EP 01108697A EP 1146157 A2 EP1146157 A2 EP 1146157A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tongue
- hook
- point
- latch
- needle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
- D04B35/02—Knitting tools or instruments not provided for in group D04B15/00 or D04B27/00
- D04B35/04—Latch needles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a latch needle, in particular for knitting machines, in particular circular knitting machines.
- Tongue needles are used, for example, in circular knitting machines used.
- the latch needles have one at one end Hook, in the neighborhood of which a tongue in one corresponding tongue slot on the latch needle is stored.
- the tongue is arranged so that in the closed position on or on the end of the hook rests and the thread space partially delimited by the hook closes. The is in its open position Tongue on the other hand, in reserve and thus gives the thread space free.
- Such tongue needles are in knitting machines large number available.
- the latch needles are in needle channels stored in which they operate during the Knitting machine in the longitudinal direction in rapid succession back and forth be moved here. The tongues beat open and closed. You need to be able to do what is in the Usually a certain lateral play of the tongue on the latch needle conditionally.
- the hook of the latch needle catches during the knitting process a thread with the needle in the return stroke.
- a thread that is behind the tongue which is in reserve located on the top of the needle, closes first the tongue.
- this thread slides over the hook. Then it will formed a stitch.
- the one off this hook detected thread must slide into the hook interior can, with the thread space closed by the tongue must become. Only with the following opposite This thread can move the needle out of the hook interior then slide out and then the tongue Thread room opens.
- the tongue will be off the hook beforehand lifted off and the thread space is opened and escapes the thread between the tip of the hook and the tongue from the Thread space, drop stitches arise, i.e. it will be a faulty one Knitted fabric made with insufficient quality.
- Tongue needles are also often used for two-ply knitted fabrics used. To a two-ply knitted fabric with a uniform To create appearance, it is from crucial that the threads in the Thread space of the latch needle their order To deceive.
- Two-strand knitted fabric, so-called clad Goods are often made by combining different Threads, for example a natural fiber yarn with an elastomer thread, manufactured.
- the elastomer thread in the Usually on the later invisible side of the goods, for example the back of the goods. Swap the threads their location, i.e. if they reject, that is the requirement not met, with an undesirable pattern arises because usually both threads are different Shape and / or color and various other properties to have.
- Tongue needles are known, for example, from DE-PS 1069812.
- the latch needle has a pivoted Tongue, in the tongue spoon a tooth, i.e. a Recess for receiving the hook tip is formed. At its inner contour delimiting the thread interior the tongue straight. The inner contour of the tongue connects directly to the tip of the hook when the tongue is in the closed position.
- Right-left circular knitting machines i.e. single area Circular knitting machines have one instead of the dial Board ring with enclosing boards. This ring or These boards are needed to make the knitted goods hold. They do this when the knitting machine needles are in their topmost position passed the stitch-forming part of the needle and hold down the last knitted stitch.
- the knitting machine needles subject to high knitting Wear, e.g. due to the high working speeds the knitting machine, due to the to be processed Yarns due to abrasive wear and more Influences. The wear usually leads to the tongue bearing both in the axial and in the radial direction with time more and more game gets what causes the tongue to swing sideways during operation.
- Needle tongues with a tooth are particularly sensitive to such wear. Due to the abrasion mentioned above, a former rounded tongue head a tongue spoon with sharp edged Zaschrenzen. There is a risk of damage the threads what with break or tear sensitive threads, such as particularly serious elastomer threads Has consequences that pull the strings.
- DE-OS 2834558 is one hook-toothed needle known.
- This has one Tongue spoon without a tongue, with the tongue on her Tongue head is designed so that it fits into the tongue fits.
- the hook has a deep tine in which the Tongue head finds in when the tongue is in Closed position.
- the inner contour of the closed thread space, that of the hook and tongue is limited, points to the transition from the tongue to the Hook a paragraph on the thread movement in the The inside of the hook (inside of the hook) is obstructed.
- Such latch needles also behave simultaneous processing of several threads, e.g. to Making two-ply knitted fabrics, critical.
- the latch needle for known two-ply knitted fabrics.
- the latch needle has one pivoted tongue on the inside with a slope or step protruding into the hook space is provided.
- the tongue shaft has an im Essentially constant height, starting at the level, up to the rounded end of the tongue. At their free At the end, the tongue has a spoon with a recess (Zasche) on which to take part of the Hook tip is used.
- the step is in as a sloping surface Trained the tip of the hook and serves as Support surface for the threads of the two-ply knitted fabric.
- the support surface faces the interior of the hook and comes into contact with the thread especially when the threads on the edge of the tongue bearing Thread space.
- the latch needle according to the invention has a tongue on their inner contour, i.e. at their the thread room facing side has a step.
- This stage steers when withdrawing the needle, e.g. when teeing off a stitch in the direction of the needle back in the Inside the hook and thus away from the tip of the hook.
- the Step guides the thread that is in the thread space and from which a stitch is formed when knocked off, in the hook interior and avoids that the thread like a wedge between the tip of the hook and the tongue spoon urges and as a result between the hook tip and the Tongue spoon escapes. This way you can drop stitches can be reliably avoided.
- the step on the inner contour of the tongue ensured that the two threads in their original Enter the order in the interior of the hook.
- the inner contour the thread space is relatively smooth, so none the threads in the knitting process on one edge or one Paragraph gets stuck. This is particularly because the on the tongue provided step to the hook tip and with it an essentially smooth inner contour of the thread space added.
- the level and the yourself subsequent area of the tongue thus form when the Tongue is closed, i.e. if the tongue spoon in the Zasche rests, a bridge to the overpass, so to speak of the thread in the hook interior. So that's the Transition from the lower edge of the tongue shaft (inner contour) to the lower edge of the hook tip and the itself subsequent inner edge almost completely formed. Neither can a thread slip through (drop stitches), nor is a cause for the exchange of the Thread order given (warps).
- Tongue of the hook tip is arranged adjacent.
- the remaining space between the tip of the hook and the step can then be made particularly small.
- this gap or gusset opens towards on the opposite inner wall of the thread space or towards the interior of the hook.
- the stage is there however, preferably formed without undercuts to when opening the tongue there is no obstacle to the thread form.
- the step is preferably by a protrusion trained who under the imaginary extension of The inside of the hook or the inside shape of the hook ("Inner edge”) protrudes into the thread space. This avoids both drop stitches and thread warps.
- the latch needle is preferably a hook-toothed one Needle.
- In the hook is on the outside of the hook in the Near the tip of a recess (Zasche) for receiving of the spoon end or head.
- Such hook-toothed latch needle points over the aforementioned Benefits also have the added benefit of being is relatively less prone to wear.
- the hook-sashed Tongue needle according to the invention clear advantages.
- the tongue is flattened a bit at the end, it is therefore narrower than the hook and it has no spike.
- the hook-toothed The tongue is the tongue, at least at the tip of the hook, but preferably overall, so flat that nowhere is it deeper than half the hook thickness. In this way, weakening of the hook tip is avoided. In addition, the formation of sharp edges the tip of the hook avoided. This, though thanks to the level the inner contour of the tongue a smooth transition from the Tongue to the hook interior is reached.
- a tongue needle 1 is illustrated in FIG. 1, whose shaft 2 is provided with a hook 3 at one end is.
- the hook 3 is bent away from the needle back 10 and runs out in a hook tip 4, which, like Figure 5 in particular illustrates, approximately spherically curved and is therefore rounded.
- the tip of the hook However, 4 can also be a different one from FIG. 5 Shape e.g. an essentially tapered conical shape exhibit.
- Figure 1 further illustrates an intermediate the shaft 2 and the hook 3 formed needle breast 5, which merges seamlessly into the needle top 20.
- a needle slot 5 has a tongue slot 6.
- Tongue slot 6 a tongue 7 is pivotally mounted. How is indicated in Figure 3, the tongue 7 between move two positions back and forth.
- the first Position is a closed position I ( Figure 2) and the second Position is a reserve II.
- A is used for storage not illustrated pin, which has a pivot axis 8 specifies.
- the closed position I is off the hook 3 and the tongue 7 defines a thread space 9.
- the thread space 9 is released, i.e. open. Part of the thread space 9 is from the Hook 3 limited and referred to as the hook interior 9a.
- the latch needle 1 is a hook-toothed needle. This means that the hook 3 is near its hook tip 4 has a tab 11 which has a recess for Includes a tongue spoon end 12.
- the Zasche As can be seen from FIG. 5, 11 is relatively flat. she preferably has a bottom 14 to both Bordered on the long sides by remaining tines is. It preferably reaches an imaginary center line 15 of the cross section of the hook is not. However, they are also embodiments possible, in which the Zasche 11, for example Area of the hook tip 4 that reaches the center line 15 or cuts.
- the hook 3 has, as can be seen particularly in FIG. 5, an inner contour based on a Bending area 16 merges into an area in which the Hook 3 has a substantially straight inner edge 17. This ends at a point 18 at which the hook tip 4 ends with a corresponding curvature.
- a line 19 is entered in FIG.
- Another line 21 is entered in the middle of Zaschen, at which has the zasche 11 about its greatest depth and less than half, preferably about a third of hook strength.
- the tongue 7 provided with a step 22, in particular from Figure 4 and 5 emerges.
- Level 22 is formed by that the tongue 7 with its inner contour 23 of an imaginary, shown interrupted in Figures 4 and 5 Line 24 deviates. This line 24 illustrates the imaginary extension of the bottom 14 of the Zasche 11.
- the tongue 7 lies on the bottom 14 of the tab 11 their contact surface 25.
- Stage 22 preferably begins immediately at the end of the tongue spoon 12, which if the tongue 7 is in the closed position, engages in the tab 11. As a result, the step 22 covers the hook tip 4, so that the thread does not touch it when the tongue 7 is closed can.
- the deviation of the inner contour 23 from the line 24 is started by a preferably at the Zasche 11 Projection 26 formed, the inner contour 23 of the Tongue 7 go over to the inner edge 17 of the hook 3 without a step leaves.
- a connecting line 27 between the Location 18 at which the inner edge 17 of the hook 3 to the Hook tip 4 passes, and a place 29 entered is at which the step 22 in the inner contour 23 of the tongue 7 passes.
- the position 29 can, however, also in the Thread space 9 to be shifted in, i.e. level 22 can if necessary be made significantly larger than in figure 4 and 5.
- the position is preferably 29 formed so that the connecting line 27 approximately parallel to the working direction of the latch needle and thus is parallel to the longitudinal direction of its shaft 2.
- the point 29 can be designed that this connecting line 27 with the longitudinal direction of the Shaft 2 of the latch needle forms an acute angle, the tip of the angle towards the hook 4 points away.
- the inner contour 23, i.e. the corresponding Section of the inner surface of the tongue 7 forms a Guide surface for the thread or threads for unimpeded Transfer of the thread or threads to the interior of the hook 9a.
- the inner contour 23 is from the perspective of the interior of the hook 9 preferably concave and ski jump-like.
- the shoulder is 22 no undercuts, i.e. it closes with the Inner contour 23 and one with the support surface 25 obtuse angles ⁇ , ⁇ .
- the angle is preferably ⁇ a little larger than the angle ⁇ . It follows from seen from the tongue bearing, thereby one of the Line 24, inner contour 23 running into thread space 9 the tongue 7.
- the latch needle 1 described so far works as follows:
- the latch needle 1 can operate like a conventional one Switch needle 1, especially as a replacement or Exchange for this, can be used. It is suitable like other latch needles, for processing conventional ones Threads and yarns under normal conditions of use. However, it is also particularly suitable for processing sensitive threads, monofilament threads such as. Elastomer threads and for the production of clad Goods, i.e. knitted two or more threads.
- the latch needle 1 in Expulsion direction moves, causing the tongue 7, as in Figure 3 illustrates by the one located in the thread interior Thread is moved to the reserve II.
- This thread glides over the inner contour of the movement 23 of the tongue 7 until it touches the back of the needle 10 opposite side of the needle top 20 is present.
- the hook 3 can now e.g. two threads 35, 36 capture ( Figure 2), whereupon the latch needle 1 Return stroke begins.
- the tongue 7 beats in her Closing position I, with which it closes the thread space 9.
- the Threads 35, 36 in Figure 2 with the same diameter are shown, but also a different one, can have different diameters now in the thread space 9 and can be in this move.
- Switch needle 1 can be seen in FIG. 6. It deals This is a tongue-in-cheeked needle where the Tongue spoon end 12 that the free end of the tongue 7 forms, has a tab 11a.
- the tab 11a is from one edge 14a surrounded, the just imagined extension in figure 6 is shown as line 24.
- the projection 26 protrudes again towards the hook space via line 24 in front. As shown in FIG. 6, this projection can with a step 22 to the edge 14a of the tab 11a pass over.
- the tongue 7, when it is in the closed position, with the hook 3 defines an essentially smooth contour.
- the inner edge 17 essentially closes smoothly against the inner contour 23.
- line 27 is entered in FIG 18, at which the straight inner edge 17 ends, with the point 29 connects to the essentially straight inner contour 23 ends.
- the orientation of line 27 is correct about the orientation of the back of the needle.
- the inner contour 23 is the Tongue 7 is formed a step 22, which serves a smooth transition along the inner contour 23 grazing thread in the hook interior 9a enable.
- the level 22 closes smoothly with the inside Inner edge 17 or the hook tip 4 or protrudes somewhat further into the thread space 9. This reduces the Risk of drop stitches or Thread warping in plated knitted fabric.
- the Training as hook-toothed latch needle preferred.
- the Tongue 7 is in particular at the end of its tongue spoon 12 not wider than the hook 3 and has no tooth, so that the risk of sharp edges (acute-angled wedge) is largely reduced by side grinding. The formation of sharp edges due to increasing needle wear and thus the risk of thread damage is thus reduced. This also serves to increase the Quality of the knitted fabric produced with the latch needle 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- Zungennadel (1), insbesondere für empfindliche Fäden (35, 36),mit einem Haken (3), der in einer Hakenspitze (4) ausläuft und einen Hakeninnenraum (9a) begrenzt, der zu einem Fadenraum (9) gehört, undmit einer Zunge (7), die zwischen einer Schließlage (I), in der sie den Fadenraum (9) verschließt, und einer Rücklage (II), in der sie den Fadenraum (9) freigibt, schwenkbar an der Zungennadel (1) gelagert ist,wobei die Zunge (7) ein freies Ende (12) aufweist, das in Schließlage (I) an dem Haken (3) anliegt,
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (22), wenn sich die Zunge (7) in ihrer Schließlage (I) befindet, dem Haken (3), insbesondere seiner Hakenspitze (4) benachbart ist.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (22) durch einen Vorsprung (26) ausgebildet ist, den die Zunge (7) an ihrer dem Fadenraum (9) zugewandten Innenseite aufweist und der die Hakenspitze (4) für den Faden (35, 36) verdeckt.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (22) am Übergang zur Innenkontur (23) der Zunge (7) eine Stelle (29) festlegt, wobei die Stufe (22) an der Stelle (29) eine solche Höhe aufweist, dass eine gedachte Verbindungslinie (27) zwischen der Stelle (29) und einer Stelle (18) des Hakens (4), bei der seine Hakenspitze (4) und deren Wölbung endet, eine Parallele zum Nadelrücken (10) bildet.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (22) am Übergang zur Innenkontur (23) der Zunge (7) eine Stelle (29) festlegt, wobei die Stufe (22) an der Stelle (29) eine solche Höhe aufweist, dass eine gedachte Verbindungslinie zwischen der Stelle (29) und einer Stelle (18) des Hakens (4), bei der seine Hakenspitze (4) und deren Wölbung endet, einen spitzen Winkel mit dem Nadelrücken (10) bildet, wobei der Vorsprung 26 in den Innenraum (9) ragt.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Haken (3) eine vorzugsweise gerundete Hakenspitze (4) aufweist und dass zwischen der Hakenspitze (4) und der Stufe (22) der Zunge (7) ein Spalt (32) ausgebildet ist, dessen Weite geringer ist, als der Durchmesser von zu verarbeitenden Fäden.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Haken (3) eine Zasche (11) für das freie Ende (12) der in Schließlage (I) befindlichen Zunge (7) aufweist, wobei das freie Ende (12) eine Auflagefläche (25) aufweist, deren gedachte Verlängerung eine Linie (24) ist, über die die Stufe (22) ragt.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zunge (7) eine Zasche (11) für das freie Ende (12) der in Schließlage (I) befindlichen Zunge (7) aufweist, wobei das freie Ende (12) eine Auflagefläche (25) aufweist, deren gedachte Verlängerung eine Linie (24) ist, über die die Stufe (22) ragt.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zunge (7) an ihrer Innenkontur (23) gerundete Seitenkanten (33) aufweist.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zasche (11) eine Tiefe aufweist, die zumindest an Hakenspitze (4) geringer ist als die Hälfte der Dicke des Hakens (3) an der betreffenden Stelle.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zasche (11) eine Tiefe aufweist, die an keiner Stelle des Hakens (3) größer ist als die Hälfte der Dicke des Hakens (3) an der betreffenden Stelle.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Höhe der Zunge (7) zu ihrem Ende (12) hin vermindert.
- Zungennadel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Breite der Zunge (7) zu ihrem Ende (12) hin vermindert.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10018798 | 2000-04-15 | ||
DE10018798 | 2000-04-15 | ||
DE10057765 | 2000-11-22 | ||
DE10057765A DE10057765C2 (de) | 2000-04-15 | 2000-11-22 | Zungennadel mit verbessertem Fadenraum |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1146157A2 true EP1146157A2 (de) | 2001-10-17 |
EP1146157A3 EP1146157A3 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
EP1146157B1 EP1146157B1 (de) | 2004-07-14 |
Family
ID=26005333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01108697A Expired - Lifetime EP1146157B1 (de) | 2000-04-15 | 2001-04-06 | Zungennadel mit verbessertem Fadenraum |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6422046B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1146157B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3926578B2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2220615T3 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1449947A1 (de) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-08-25 | H. Stoll GmbH & Co. | Flachstrickmaschine mit horizontal ausgerichteten Nadelbetten |
EP2196571A1 (de) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-16 | Groz-Beckert KG | Zungennadel mit Gleitfläche |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1873287B1 (de) * | 2006-06-26 | 2012-01-25 | Groz-Beckert Kommanditgesellschaft | Zungennadel für maschenbildende Textilmaschine |
KR101969372B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 이일영 | 환편기 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1354096A (en) * | 1919-02-03 | 1920-09-28 | Max Nydegger | Buttless knitting-machine needle |
GB768051A (en) * | 1954-06-25 | 1957-02-13 | Karl Steinhof | Improvements in and relating to latch needles |
GB1398419A (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1975-06-18 | Singer Co | Method of manufacturing a latch needle |
GB2232689A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-19 | Esda Strumpfkombinat Veb | Improved latch needle |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1069812B (de) * | ||||
US938795A (en) * | 1909-03-08 | 1909-11-02 | Louis N D Williams | Latch-needle for knitting-machines. |
US1764342A (en) * | 1929-07-03 | 1930-06-17 | Gotham Knitbac Machine Corp | Knitting needle |
US2536478A (en) * | 1940-04-11 | 1951-01-02 | American Vitos Company Inc | Knitting needle |
US2596311A (en) * | 1945-02-15 | 1952-05-13 | American Vitos Company Inc | Knitting needle |
US2817222A (en) * | 1954-03-17 | 1957-12-24 | Kidde Mfg Co Inc | Knitting machine needle |
US4096713A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1978-06-27 | The Torrington Company | Knitting needle |
GB1596619A (en) | 1977-12-19 | 1981-08-26 | Needle Industries Ltd | Latched needles |
DE3921458C1 (de) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-09-27 | Theodor Groz & Soehne & Ernst Beckert Nadelfabrik Kg, 7470 Albstadt, De |
-
2001
- 2001-04-06 EP EP01108697A patent/EP1146157B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-06 ES ES01108697T patent/ES2220615T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-13 JP JP2001115904A patent/JP3926578B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-16 US US09/834,903 patent/US6422046B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1354096A (en) * | 1919-02-03 | 1920-09-28 | Max Nydegger | Buttless knitting-machine needle |
GB768051A (en) * | 1954-06-25 | 1957-02-13 | Karl Steinhof | Improvements in and relating to latch needles |
GB1398419A (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1975-06-18 | Singer Co | Method of manufacturing a latch needle |
GB2232689A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-19 | Esda Strumpfkombinat Veb | Improved latch needle |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1449947A1 (de) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-08-25 | H. Stoll GmbH & Co. | Flachstrickmaschine mit horizontal ausgerichteten Nadelbetten |
EP2196571A1 (de) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-16 | Groz-Beckert KG | Zungennadel mit Gleitfläche |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001355166A (ja) | 2001-12-26 |
EP1146157B1 (de) | 2004-07-14 |
ES2220615T3 (es) | 2004-12-16 |
JP3926578B2 (ja) | 2007-06-06 |
US6422046B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
US20020020195A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
EP1146157A3 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
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