Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
  • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
  • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
  • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
  • B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
  • B66C23/84—Slewing gear

Definitions

• the invention relates to a ring lift crane according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• a well-known ring lift crane is shown in the company brochure Mannesmann Demag construction machinery "Ringlift Cranes" CC 2000 RL; CC 4000 RL, edition 11/82.
• This ring lift crane has a ring that can be raised and a circular lane that consists of several interconnectable segments Ringes is an undercarriage and a superstructure that is rotatably connected to it and has multiple winches.
• the superstructure is connected in both end areas with an adapter, which is supported by rollers on the circular carriageway of the ring, which are connected to the adapters by means of rockers connected to one another by rockers
• the center of the ring or the undercarriage is the axis of rotation.
• One adapter is designed to hold a counterweight and the other adapter is designed as a supporting element for a jib that can be arranged at the free end of the adapter.
• the rotary movement of the ring lift crane is carried out by means of an on the inside of the ring it arranged sprocket and engaging pinion mounted on rocker.
• the undercarriage is equipped with various reinforcement struts
• This ring lift crane consists of a stand-up ring that forms a circular track and a construction within the ring with a kingpin and one
• Platform which is provided with a sleeve for receiving the kingpin.
• the platform is connected to an adapter in each of the two end regions, which are supported in a rolling manner on the ring by means of roller sets arranged on the adapters, the center of the ring forming the axis of rotation for the platform.
• a main boom and a mast (counter jib) are attached to the front adapter.
• the one-piece ring is stiffened by struts running secant and within the ring.
• a piston-cylinder unit is arranged at four circumferential points at the ends of two parallel struts, and a support leg can be arranged at the free end of the strut.
• the ring together with the crane arranged thereon can be raised so that a crawler vehicle or the like can be driven underneath.
• the tracked vehicle can be locked with the support element. In this way, the ring lift crane can be moved as a whole.
• a disadvantage of the latter construction is that the size of the ring diameter and thus the maximum load capacity is limited.
• the type of connection of the ring lift crane with the transport unit is cumbersome.
• the undivided ring requires a lot of space when moving the ring lift crane, which is not always available depending on the local conditions at the place of use.
• a generic ring lift crane is known from US-PS 4,196,816. This consists of a ring which can be raised, which forms a circular carriageway and has a plurality of segments which can be connected to one another, within which is arranged an undercarriage which has one and several which are rotatably connected to it
• the adapters roll by means of arranged rollers on the circular path of the ring, the
• the center of the ring or the undercarriage forms the axis of rotation.
• One adapter is designed to accommodate a counterweight and the other adapter to accommodate a linkable boom.
• a ring gear is arranged, the rotary movement of which is transmitted to the two bridge girders.
• the undercarriage is connected to various sections of the ring via stiffening struts.
• the disadvantage here is that the components of the crane are supported on the ring and thus on the undercarriage when pivoting and driving. Because the caterpillars' drive power is too low, they first have to be driven and pivoted Counterweight reductions are made. As the counterweight cannot be moved, further dismantling (e.g. jib parts) is required to balance the crane. So that the crane can swing or drive, it must be supported on the ring and the support plates must either be removed in their entirety or all must be turned up individually.
• the object of the invention is to provide a ring lift crane of the generic type which can be swiveled and moved in a simple manner to save space and without reducing counterweights and without partial dismantling.
• a ring lift crane of the generic type which can be swiveled and moved in a simple manner to save space and without reducing counterweights and without partial dismantling.
• as many components as possible should be usable in modules for different ring lift classes.
• the bridge girders can be lifted relative to the basic device and can be non-positively connected to the cross girders in various ways in order to set different modes of operation of the crane, in the starting position the positive connection between the bridge girders and the cross girders has a predetermined play and several for the rotary movement identically constructed two axles and ring carriages attached to them are provided, which can be positively connected on the one hand to the bridge girders and on the other hand to the ring or a ring segment. At least one axis of the ring carriage arranged under the boom or under the counterweight can be driven. The previously customary ring gear and the expensive pinion drive can thus be dispensed with.
• a standing bolt with a stop is arranged in each end region of each cross girder.
• the preferably made of a circular plate stop acts together with a bearing block comprising the bolt, which on
• Bridge girder is attached.
• the distance between the top of the cross member and the plate of the bolt on the one hand and the distance of the base plate of the bearing block to the stop of the bolt on the other hand can be partially or almost completely filled by spacer plates which can be displaced on the top of the cross member.
• the spacer plates can be bolted and deblocked using driver pins.
• each bridge girder consists of sections that can be bolted and deblocked together for normal road transport.
• the four piston-cylinder units required for lifting the overall construction are in the end region of the
• Bridge girders arranged.
• An angle piece is preferably attached to each end face of each bridge girder and can be connected at its free end to the piston-cylinder unit.
• a support leg can be arranged at the free end of the piston.
• Bridge girders This ensures that the ring lift crane can be swiveled and moved in a simple manner.
• the proposed locking system is used as an aid.
• the basic crane and the ring are lifted with the help of the piston-cylinder units attached to the ends of the bridge girders, whereby a non-positive connection has previously been established between the cross girders and the bridge girders by means of displaceable spacer plates, so that the cross girders and thus the superstructure are also lifted become.
• the slewing gear On
• the upper carriage of the undercarriage together with the ring is pivoted in the desired direction of travel.
• the locking system makes it possible to use the ring, the bridge girders and the basic device as an additional counterweight for crane work. This may save around 10% of the counterweight and the associated transportation.
• the ring consists in a known manner of several segments which can be connected to one another, several segments can be disassembled in a space-saving manner before the crane is moved. Two opposing segments are with the
• Bridge girders can be locked via the ring trolleys and can be moved along.
• the tangential extent of these lockable segments corresponds at most to the width of the counterweight.
• the ring carriages be supported on two concentrically lying rings, so that the Hertzian pressure for the wheels in contact with the ring surface remains below the permissible maximum value. This divides the total load into two halves. In order to be able to move the ring carriage in the circumferential direction of the two rings, there are two opposite each other
• Carriage connected to each other via a link arm.
• Two carriages arranged on the inner ring and two carriages on the outer ring form a unit and form the minimum carriage assembly.
• Such a unit can be connected to one another with a similar unit via a bridge element.
• the connection of the cars to one another is designed as a plug-in connection.
• the maximum number of ring carriages that can be arranged on a ring is equal to or less than the arc length of the individual ring segment divided by the length of the ring carriages.
• the angular section of the ring segment is preferably 60 degrees.
• the ring trolleys are constructed identically and are suitable for a ring with a small diameter, e.g. B. 21 meters and for a ring with a large diameter, e.g. B.
• the included angle resulting from the intersecting center lines of the two axes is the mean value between the angle for the smallest and the angle for the largest ring diameter.
• the resulting impairments in the rolling behavior of the ring carriages with a ring diameter deviating from the mean value become conscious accepted.
• the different rolling path of the wheel rolling on the outer area of the ring compared to the wheel rolling on the inner area is compensated for by a different diameter. So that the ring carriages are still horizontal, the ring track is divided into an outer and an inner track with an intermediate step, the height of which corresponds to half the wheel diameter difference.
• the form-fitting connection between ring trolley and ring or ring segment takes place via support plates arranged on the ring trolley, which are provided with a hook roller at the end. These reach under the top flange of the ring and thus limit lifting of the ring trolley.
• the center of gravity of the ring lift crane is largely determined by the positioning of the counterweight in relation to the basic device. To change this center of gravity, it is therefore proposed to arrange counterweight wagons under the platform for the counterweight, the wheels of which can roll on the top of the bridge girders. In the same sense, it is also proposed to arrange an extension of the bridge girders projecting beyond the ring in the end of the two bridge girders lying in the area of the counterweight. Both measures have the following advantages: The counterweight can be moved from the position of the normal working position towards the center of rotation using the counterweight carriage. This optimizes the focus for the ring lift crane method on the construction site.
• the ring lift crane remains movable in a simple manner and the space required for the method is not greater than the width of the counterweight. Furthermore, in the proposed construction, emphasis was placed on the ring lift crane being constructed in a modular manner and on using as many standardized components as possible. This starts with the undercarriage and superstructure, which are part of a standard crane. This continues through the jib used and the winches, as well as the crane cab.
• the boom can be designed as a single or a so-called double boom. The latter construction has the advantage that the individual elements of the double boom assembled from a lower crane class are easier to transport and can transmit a higher load moment than the single boom used from a larger crane class.
• Bridge supports can be used for a single ring as well as for a double ring.
• the ring carriages are typed and depending on the load to be transferred, the number of ring carriages is increased or decreased and linked accordingly.
• plug connections are used wherever possible, so that individual components can be lifted and inserted by means of an auxiliary crane.
• Fig. 1 is a side view of an inventive ring lift crane
• Fig. 2 is a view in the direction X in Fig. 1 with the omission of the crane structures
• Fig. 3 is a view in the direction Y in Fig. 1 with a double boom
• Fig. 4 + 5 the essential steps for moving the ring lift crane F Fiigg .. 4 4aa ,, bb the disassembly of some ring segments
• Fig. 6 shows the locking of a ring segment of a double ring with the
• Fig. 8c is a view in the direction X in Figure 8a including support
• FIGS. 1-3 show a ring lift crane 1 designed according to the invention in a side view and two views in the X and Y directions.
• it consists of a main boom 2, a mast 3, an auxiliary boom 4 and two luffing supports 5, 6.
• At the head of the auxiliary boom 4 is one
• the upper luffing support 5 is connected to the head of the auxiliary boom 4 via a fixed guying 11 and to the second luffing support 6 via a variable guying 12.
• the lower luffing support 6 is in turn connected to the foot area of the main boom 2 via a fixed guying 13.
• the mast 3 is connected, on the one hand, to the head of the main boom 2 via a variable bracing 14 and to the ends of two parallel bridge girders 17, 17 '(FIG. 2), which form the supporting element for the crane structures and the counterweight 16, via a fixed bracing 15 , wherein both end regions are designed as an adapter 24, 25.
• On the front adapter 24 is the
• the main boom 2 and the mast 3 are articulated and the counterweight 16 rests on the rear adapter 25. Both adapters 24, 25 are supported by ring carriages 18 indicated here (see FIG. 8) on a ring 20 forming a circular carriageway, which can be erected via supports 21 is.
• the centerpiece of the ring lift crane 1 is a standardized undercarriage, here in the form of a crawler track 22 and a standardized superstructure 23 rotatably arranged thereon. In the area of the superstructure 23, two cross members 26, 27 are provided, which serve to support the bridge girders 17, 17 ' to be able to lock the uppercarriage 23 in various ways.
• the bridge girders 17, 17 ' also serve, as can be seen in FIG. 2, to accommodate the main winches 28-31.
• a plurality of ring carriages 18 are arranged in the front end region.
• the number of ring carriages 18 is related to the wheels attached to them with the maximum permissible Hertzian pressure in the area of contact between the wheels of the ring carriages 18 and the circular carriageway of the ring 20.
• Figure 3 shows a view in the direction Y of Figure 1. In this illustration it is shown that on the ring lift crane 1 designed according to the invention an alternative
• a double jib is understood to mean an arrangement in which a jib of a lower crane class is placed next to one another in an identical duplicate and connected to one another by universal connectors 32-34 for the main jib 2.1, 2.2 and universal connectors 35, 36 for the auxiliary jib 4.1, 4.2.
• This arrangement has the advantage that the individual elements of the main boom 2.1; 2.2 or the auxiliary boom 4.1; 4.2 are easier to transport and handle and the liftable load torque is higher than that of a comparable single boom.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 show the essential work steps for moving the ring lift crane 1 designed according to the invention. This is discussed again in FIG. 11 with regard to the locking.
• FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b show the arrangement of a double ring 20.1; 20.2. This arrangement is selected if the load moment which can be lifted is to be increased significantly and in this way one can split the loads pressing on the ring in half onto two rings 20.1; 20.2.
• Roughly indicated in this illustration is that the ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 which transmit the load to the ring are arranged on both rings 20.1; 20.2.
• the ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 are connected to one another by means of connecting rockers 37 or bridge elements 38.
• stiffening struts 39 are arranged between the crawler track 22 and the double ring 20.1; 20.2 distributed over the circumference.
• the partial picture 4b shows the first essential work step for the method of
• Ring lift crane 1 The known segmentation of the ring is used in order to be able to dismantle the segments which disrupt the method of the ring lift crane 1. There remains a partial segment 20a in the area of the main boom 2 and the mast 3 and an opposite partial segment 20e in the area of the counterweight 16. The other segments 20b-20d and 20f-20h have been removed beforehand. The The arc length of the partial segment 20a lying in the cantilever area is selected such that the ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 can be accommodated thereon. It is advantageous that the tangential extension of a partial segment 20a, 20e is not greater than the width extension 40 for the counterweight holder 41, so that no additional space is required for the method.
• FIGS. 5a-5e The further work steps are shown in FIGS. 5a-5e.
• angle pieces 42.1 - 42.4 are arranged on both ends of the two bridge supports 17, 17 ', to each of which a piston-cylinder unit 43.1 - 43.4 can be fastened.
• the connection point has a foldable shoe 47.1.
• the sub-steps 5c and 5d show the work steps for lifting the ring lift crane 1.
• the sub-segment 20a (FIG. 4b) of the double ring 20.1; 20.2 is connected to the bridge girders 17, 17 'via the ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 by means of a holding system shown here in FIG. This also applies in the same way to the opposite sub-segment 20e. If the four piston-cylinder units 43.1-43.4 arranged at the ends are now actuated, the entire ring lift crane 1 together with the partial segments 20a, 20e is raised, as can be seen in FIG.
• the four piston-cylinder units 43.1 - 43.4 can be raised and the entire ring lift crane 1 can be moved either forwards or backwards when driving straight ahead. This is indicated by a double arrow 45 in partial image 5e.
• FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the holding system for connecting a ring segment 20a to the bridge girders 17, 17 '.
• 18 support plates 61, 61 ' are articulated on the ring carriage, which are provided in their end region with a hook roller 62, 62'. These engage under the top flange 57 of the respective ring 20.1, 20.2 and thus create the connection between ring segment 20a and bridge girders 17, 17 '(see also FIG. 8c).
• FIG. 7 shows the possibility of moving the counterweight 16. In order to be able to move the counterweight 16, there are 16 below the counterweight
• Counterweight carriages 50, 51, 50 ', 51' are arranged, the rollers of which can roll on the top of the bridge girders 17, 17 '.
• the position of the counterweight 16 marked with A represents the normal position. If the ring lift crane 1 is to be moved as previously explained in FIGS. 4 and 5, it is advantageous to move the counterweight 16 into the area of the axis of rotation 52 of the basic device. This shows the position B shown with dashed lines. Such a position of the counterweight 16 improves the center of gravity, so that the ring lift crane 1 can be moved more safely and without the risk of tipping.
• the position of the counterweight 16 marked with C shows the possibility of moving the counterweight 16 outside of the ring 20.
• extensions 53, 53 ' are arranged at the end of the two bridge supports 17, 17', so that the counterweight 16 can be moved outwards by means of the counterweight carriages 50, 51, 50 ', 51'.
• This has the advantage that less counterweight 16 is required for the same load torque or the load torque can be increased with the same counterweight 16.
• an angle piece 42.2 or 42.3 can also be arranged at the end of such an extension 53 or 53 'in order to be able to fasten the piston-cylinder unit 43.2, 43.3.
• FIG. 8a shows the details of a ring carriage 18 in a front view and FIG. 8b shows a top view.
• the ring carriage 18 consists of a frame 48 in which two axes 49, 49 'are mounted. Both axes 49, 49 'have an angle to the frame 48 which deviates from the right angle. Ideally, the center lines of the two axes 49, 49 'intersect at the center of rotation of the superstructure.
• One of the two axes 49 ' has a stump 54 for arranging a drive, not shown here.
• the frame 48 is in the middle provided with a cross member 60, on each of which a support plate 61, 61 'is articulated at both end regions and is provided with a hook roller 62, 62'.
• the hook rollers 62, 62 ' are supported on the underside of the upper flange 57 of the ring 20.1, 20.2 and limit the lifting of the ring carriage 18.
• a pin 63 is fastened in the middle on the upper side of the cross member 60, so that, for example, two ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 (Fig. 9a, b) can be plugged together.
• the axes 49, 49 ' are supported by bearing elements 66-66''arranged in the frame 48.
• Figure 8c shows in a view in the direction X in Figure 8a the use of
• Ring carriage 18 as a connecting element between the rings 20.1, 20.2 or ring segments 20a, 20e (see FIG. 5b) and the bridge girders 17, 17 '.
• the reaching under the hook rollers 62, 62 'under the upper flange 57 of the ring can be clearly seen.
• the lateral support of the ring carriage takes place via the side guide rollers 46.46 "'.
• the ring forming a circular carriageway consists of the above-mentioned upper flange 57 and a lower flange 56 and connecting webs 65,65'.
• the ring can be raised by means of a height-adjustable fastening on the lower flange 56 Columns 21. This compensates for unevenness in the floor.
• the upper chord 57 is made from a sheet metal and the lower outer web 75 is produced by mechanical processing (e.g. milling).
• FIGS. 9a, b show a front view and a top view of the case of two ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 arranged one behind the other, with reference to FIG the same reference numerals have been used for the same parts on the representation in Figure 8a, b.
• both ring carriages 18.1, 18.2 are constructed identically.
• a base rocker 19 is placed on the two pins 63 of the respective ring carriage 18.1, 18.2.
• the base rocker 19 is also provided with a pin 64 in the middle. This serves to connect ring carriages 18 to one another on two concentrically arranged rings 20.1, 20.2 by means of a connecting rocker 37 (not shown here) (see FIG. 4a).
• the upper partial picture a shows the connection of the crossbeams 26, 27 to a partial element of the uppercarriage 23.
• a tab 71 is fastened to the respective crossbeam 26, 27, which can be bolted and unbolted to the partial element of the upper carriage 23.
• the section A-A of the upper part a is shown in the middle part b. It shows the two bridge girders 17, 17 'arranged on the right and left and the front intermediate girder 26 (FIG. 2).
• a standing bolt 72, 72 ' is arranged on the top of each cross member 26, 27 in the two end regions.
• a stop here in the form of a circular plate 70, 70 ', is attached to the front end of the bolt 72, 72'.
• the respective bolt 72, 72 ' acts together with a bearing block 73, 73' attached to the bridge support 17, 17 '.
• the bearing block 73, 73 ' is constructed as a U-shaped box with two side cheeks 76 and an intermediate base plate 77.
• the base plate 77 has an opening 78 through which the bolt 72, 72' can be inserted (partial picture d). In the starting position there is a play 79, 79 'clearly visible here between the underside of the base plate 77 and the top of the cross member 26, 27.
• a plurality of spacer plates 67, 67 ' which are displaceable in the direction of the bolts 72, 72' are arranged on the upper side of the cross member 26, 27. The displacement takes place along guide rails 68, 68 '(FIG. 11 b, c).
• the means for moving the spacer plates 67, 67 ' are not shown here.
• a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is preferably used for this.
• the sequence of the swivel lock contains the following individual steps: A part of the spacer plates 67, 67 ', for example two, are made by means of one not shown here Piston-cylinder unit displaced in the direction of the bolts 72, 72 'along the guide rails 68, 68'. Part of the distance between the top of the base plate 77 of the bearing block 73, 73 'and the underside of the plate 70, 70' of the bolt 72, 72 'is thus filled. Then the two bridge supports 17, 17 'are raised by means of the four piston-cylinder units 43.1 - 43.4 (FIG. 5b), as the two arrows show.
• FIG. 1 the sequence of the movement locking is shown in the partial images a - d.
• Partial image a shows the starting position as has already been described in FIG. 10b.
• Drawing b shows the first step.
• Partial image a shows the starting position as has already been described in FIG. 10b.
• Drawing b shows the first step.
• the bridge girders 17, 17 ' are raised so far by means of the four piston-cylinder units 43.1 - 43.4,
• Partial d shown. After venting the four Koiben-cylinder units 43.1 - 43.4, the two bridge supports 17, 17 'are lowered, so that a non-positive connection between bridge supports 17, 17' and cross members 26, 27 is formed via the inserted spacer plates 67, 67 '.
• the entire ring or in Ring segments 20a - 20e (FIG. 4b) lying in the adapter area are also raised.
• the relieved four piston-cylinder units 43.1 - 43.4 can be retracted, as shown in FIG. 5e, and the ring lift crane can be moved forwards or backwards when driving straight ahead.
• Figure 12 shows the work lock.
• the aim is to use as much of the weight of the crane as possible to increase the overall stability. This is achieved in that in the starting position, comparable to that shown in FIG. 10c, part of the spacer plates 67, 67 'are only pushed in at the rear cross member 27. This will make the distance between
• Base plate 77 and plate 70,70 ' largely filled. If a load is now attached to the hook of the ring lift crane, then the entire ring lift crane bends elastically in such a way that the front, ie in the area of the jib, presses the loads onto the base, ie the adapter 24, ring segment 20a, supports 21, during the rear part of the bridge girders 17, 17 'is bent up. When bending up, the remaining distance between base plate 77 and plate 70, 70 'is eliminated and a non-positive connection between the bridge girders 17, 17' and the rear cross member 27 is achieved. Since the cross member 27 is in turn connected to the superstructure 23, part of the weight of the crane is used by this non-positive connection to increase the overall stability.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Jib Cranes (AREA)

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• 1999
  • 1999-03-25 WO PCT/DE1999/000955 patent/WO1999048793A2/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1999-03-25 US US09/647,023 patent/US6516961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-03-25 EP EP99924722A patent/EP1068143B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-03-25 JP JP2000537786A patent/JP4382983B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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