EP1048363B1 - Méthode et dispositif de tri de déchets de papier - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif de tri de déchets de papier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1048363B1
EP1048363B1 EP00107563A EP00107563A EP1048363B1 EP 1048363 B1 EP1048363 B1 EP 1048363B1 EP 00107563 A EP00107563 A EP 00107563A EP 00107563 A EP00107563 A EP 00107563A EP 1048363 B1 EP1048363 B1 EP 1048363B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste paper
sorting
radiation
paper
reflected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00107563A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1048363A3 (fr
EP1048363A9 (fr
EP1048363A2 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Eixelberger
Peter Friedl
Karlheinz Gschweitl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Binder and Co AG
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Binder and Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1048363A2 publication Critical patent/EP1048363A2/fr
Publication of EP1048363A3 publication Critical patent/EP1048363A3/fr
Publication of EP1048363A9 publication Critical patent/EP1048363A9/fr
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Publication of EP1048363B1 publication Critical patent/EP1048363B1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3422Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B07C5/366Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S209/00Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
    • Y10S209/932Fluid applied to items

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sorting waste paper of different quality and constitution in which at least a portion of the surface is different Waste paper fractions, such as paper and cardboard, for example, on at least one Sorting tape lie, is irradiated and that of the waste paper pieces of the individual fractions reflected radiation detected and the waste paper pieces due to the determined Data associated with a specific waste paper fraction and then accordingly be sorted, as well as a corresponding device.
  • Waste paper fractions such as paper and cardboard, for example, on at least one Sorting tape lie
  • a generic method and a generic device are from the Utility Model AT 001 959 U1, application number GM 246/97, known.
  • the fractions are separated according to AT 001 959 U1 on a sorting belt by this by Radiation sources (preferably light sources) are irradiated and the reflected Detected by evaluation units and assigned to a specific fraction Waste paper pieces picked up by transducers and placed in a predetermined storage space be placed.
  • Radiation sources preferably light sources
  • the reflected radiation is recorded with a camera and the specific features - the different wavelengths of the reflected radiation - Of the recorded area compared with stored, settable classifiers.
  • the object of the present invention is now the errors in sorting and a quick, simple process and device to sort waste paper.
  • the invention is characterized in that the intensity differences of the radiation, which are reflected from adjacent sub-areas of the considered area determined become.
  • An embodiment of the invention is that each of the same size faces an intensity value is assigned, the relative difference between the intensity values adjacent subareas is determined and for the considered area the sum this intensity differences is formed. For example, a narrow rectangular Strips are imaged in equally sized rectangles, also called picture elements be subdivided. Each pixel becomes a certain intensity value assigned. Subsequently, for each of adjacent pixels existing Pixel pair formed the difference of the intensity values and in the sequence all differences are summed up.
  • the waste paper pieces are assigned to the paper fraction, when the sum of the intensity differences exceeds a limit. Because if high intensity differences between the pixels occur for the considered area, So, for example, often a light-dark change occurs, it can be assumed be, that it is a closely printed waste paper piece and thus paper is. The sum of the intensity differences is therefore correspondingly large, the Limit value is adjustable and is determined by tests.
  • the waste paper pieces are assigned to the cardboard fraction, if the sum of the intensity differences falls below or reaches a threshold, Since cardboard is generally hardly printed with small font and therefore for the considered surface no or only small intensity differences between adjacent Pixels occur.
  • the limit can be set and is determined via experiments.
  • the surface is irradiated according to the invention with visible light. This allows the use of standard available and cost-effective radiation sources and evaluation devices.
  • a further embodiment of the method provides that additionally a method for Sorting is used, taking into account the wavelength of the reflected radiation becomes.
  • waste paper pieces which are produced according to the method according to FIG AT 001 959 U1 could be both paper and cardboard (such as certain newsprint whose color is similar to that of cardboard) become.
  • the device for carrying out a method for sorting waste paper different Quality and texture in which various waste paper fractions, such as Paper and cardboard, on at least one sorting belt for transporting waste paper pieces lie and above the sorting belt at least one radiation source for irradiation at least one region of the sorting belt and at least one evaluation device, which reflected the pieces of waste paper from the individual factions Radiation detected and the waste paper pieces due to the determined data of a certain Assigns waste paper fraction, are arranged, wherein the radiation source or the evaluation device in the conveying direction of the sorting belt at least one sorting device is subordinate, is characterized in that above the sorting belt at least a part of an evaluation device is arranged, the intensity differences the radiation that is reflected by adjacent partial areas of the considered area, determined.
  • various waste paper fractions such as Paper and cardboard
  • the invention can be realized when the Radiation source emits visible light.
  • the evaluation device has a camera.
  • the inventive method can be quickly and with little effort to data processing execute when the evaluation device has a line scan camera. These scans only a narrow strip of the area of interest, so only for a number of faces the intensity differences must be determined.
  • a sorter at least one means for generating an air flow includes, can without mechanical pick-up devices and thus wear-free a waste paper fraction are sorted out.
  • sorting device with blowing devices and / or suction devices
  • at least one sorting device with one or more receiving devices such as mechanical tongs, suckers, pinch rollers, needle grippers or electrostatic recording devices.
  • receiving devices such as mechanical tongs, suckers, pinch rollers, needle grippers or electrostatic recording devices
  • the radiation source itself radiation in at least one Part of the frequency range from infrared to X-rays and emits the evaluation device also evaluates the wavelength of the reflected radiation.
  • This can easily be a combination of two sorting, namely a method in which the wavelength of the reflected radiation is determined, and the method according to the invention for sorting, in which the intensity differences the reflected radiation are determined to be achieved.
  • At least one further radiation source the Radiation in at least a portion of the frequency range from infrared to X-radiation emits, and at least one additional evaluation, the Wavelength of the reflected radiation evaluates are arranged. It can thus also for each of the two sorting in each case at least one own radiation source and evaluation are provided. This will be necessary if the wavelengths of the radiation required for the respective process are too strong from each other differ.
  • the invention is based on the figure, the example and schematically a side view a device according to the invention shows, explained in more detail.
  • the sorting belt 1 On a sorting belt 1, which is movable in the conveying direction 2, the recovered paper fractions 7 launched.
  • the sorting belt 1 is divided into a plurality of tracks.
  • Sorting belt 1 Above that Sorting belt 1 is a module arranged, the at least one light source 3 with associated Reflector 4 and a camera 5 contains.
  • the camera 5 is designed as a line camera and forms a strip whose length is approximately equal to the width of the sorting belt 1 corresponds and thus covers all traces and its width, (not to scale) shown through the imaging region 6, on the order of a few millimeters.
  • a processor unit In the camera 5, a processor unit is arranged, which evaluates the data and controls the associated sorting device.
  • each module has a plurality of light sources 3 with associated Reflector 4 and a camera 5 included.
  • a module is provided for each track .
  • These Modules form a group of modules.
  • the cameras 5 then each one Strip off, which corresponds approximately to the width of a track.
  • Each camera 5 contains either even a processor unit or all cameras 5 are provided with a central processing unit connected, with which they together form the evaluation device.
  • the waste paper fractions 7 are under the camera 5 with light from the light sources. 3 irradiated, wherein the reflected light according to the imaging area 6 of the camera. 5 is recorded.
  • the camera 5 is designed as a line scan camera and provides an image which consists of a series of pixels, each pixel being a specific one Brightness or intensity, e.g. a certain gray value.
  • the image data will be for further evaluation as well as for the exact orientation of the waste paper piece to the processor unit located in the camera or to the central processor unit forwarded. There, the difference of the intensity values is formed for each pixel pair and the sum of all differences of an image formed and a corresponding one Assigned to the paper or cardboard fraction.
  • the respectively located in the respective camera or the central processing unit stores the Location of the waste paper pieces assigned to a specific fraction and controls accordingly the sorting device.
  • This consists essentially of pressure nozzles 10, such as compressed air nozzles that point at the end of the sorting belt 1 in a Angle to the level of the sorting belt 1 are arranged below it.
  • Per track of the sorting belt 1 at least one pressure nozzle 10 is provided.
  • the pressure nozzles 10 may be in approximately opposite position at least one vacuum nozzle 14 are arranged, the air sucks and thus the lifting effect of Pressure nozzle 10 reinforced.
  • vacuum nozzles 14 other suction devices, like fans or vacuum pumps.
  • a paper piece 9 identified as cardboard reaches the end of the sorting belt 1, then is through the pressure nozzles 10 and / or by the vacuum nozzles 14, all of the (central) processor unit - possibly separated for the individual tracks - be controlled, supplied compressed air or negative pressure generated and the cardboard piece. 9 can not fall immediately due to the applied force, but is in the conveying direction 2 of the sorting belt 1 carried over the Abscheidekante 13 of the cardboard container 12 running out of storage space, and finally sinks to the storage space. This can, however, both for paper and for cardboard, for example, as Be formed conveyor belt.
  • the sorting belt 1 is preferably moved continuously, so that the movement for the separation of the cardboard pieces 9 and the paper pieces 8 can be used. Further embodiments of the invention result from combination with the in the AT 001 959 U1 shown device or the method shown therein.
  • each having a plurality of light sources. 3 with associated reflector 4 and a camera 5 another group of Modules are arranged, wherein a module in each case a plurality of radiation sources and has a camera, which the different wavelengths of the reflected radiation detected.
  • a module in each case a plurality of radiation sources and has a camera, which the different wavelengths of the reflected radiation detected.
  • both methods work with radiation of the same wavelength
  • both methods with a group of modules, for example, one module for each procedure a camera or a camera for both procedures, and for both Method has the same radiation sources.
  • a sorting device is provided immediately after each group of modules, the at least one fraction sorted out.
  • This sorting device can be various Receiving devices, such as suckers (optionally in combination with a Pinch roller pair), tongs, needle grippers or electrostatic pickup devices having the sorted fraction through the receiving devices on a predetermined storage space or another conveyor belt is spent.
  • the cardboard fraction can either also with the help of said mechanical sorter or with a sorting device, the means for generating a Contain air flow, be sorted out.
  • Each camera 5 of a module either has its own processor unit or is connected to a central processor unit.
  • the modules have a Group a common central processing unit, even several groups of Modules can - possibly another - common central processing unit have. This activates the data at the given time on the basis of the determined data corresponding receiving device or the compressed air nozzles of the individual sorting devices.
  • waste paper in particular Cardboard and paper
  • a further criterion is provided to waste paper, in particular Cardboard and paper, to separate, if a separation with the help of conventional Process is insufficiently possible, which is a significant advance in the Classification of waste paper pieces represents.
  • the following optional sorting only with Help of devices that generate air currents, allows an accurate, rapid and wear-free implementation of this classification.

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de tri de vieux papiers de qualité et d'état différents, dans lequel au moins une zone de la surface de différentes fractions de vieux papiers, tels que du papier et du carton, qui sont placées horizontalement par exemple sur au moins une bande de tri, est exposée à un rayonnement et le rayonnement, réfléchi par les morceaux de vieux papiers de différentes fractions, est détecté, et les morceaux de vieux papiers, du fait des données déterminées, sont associés à une fraction de vieux papiers déterminée, puis triés de manière correspondante, caractérisé en ce que les différences d'intensité du rayonnement, réfléchies par des surfaces partielles voisines de la surface observée, sont déterminées.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, à chacune des surfaces partielles de taille identique, est associée une valeur d'intensité, la différence relative entre les valeurs d'intensité de surfaces partielles voisines est déterminée, et la somme de ces différences d'intensité, pour la face observée, est formée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les morceaux de vieux papiers sont associés à la fraction de papier lorsque la somme des différences d'intensité excède une valeur limite.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les morceaux de vieux papiers sont associés à la fraction de carton lorsque la somme des différences d'intensité est inférieure ou égale à une valeur limite.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la face est irradiée par une lumière visible.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'en plus est utilisé un procédé de tri, pour lequel la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement réfléchie est prise en considération.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que d'abord, avec le procédé pour lequel la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement réfléchie est déterminée, on recherche une association entre le morceau de vieux papiers et une fraction déterminée, et au cas où un morceau de vieux papier ne peut être associé de façon nette à une fraction déterminée, le procédé de tri, lors duquel les différences d'intensité du rayonnement réfléchies sont déterminées, est appliqué.
  8. Dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de tri de vieux papiers de qualité et d'état différents, dans lequel différentes fractions de vieux papiers (7, 8, 9), tels que du papier (8) et du carton (9), sont placées horizontalement sur une bande de tri (1) pour transporter les morceaux de vieux papiers (7, 8, 9) et, sur la bande de tri (1), étant disposés au moins une source de rayonnement (3, 4), devant irradier au moins une zone (6) de la bande de tri (1), ainsi qu'au moins un dispositif d'évaluation (5), détectant le rayonnement réfléchi par les morceaux de vieux papiers (7) des différentes fractions, et, du fait des données, les morceaux de vieux papiers (7) déterminées étant associés à une fraction de vieux papiers (11, 12) déterminée, sachant qu'au moins un dispositif de tri (10) est disposé en aval de la source de rayonnement (3, 4) ou du dispositif d'évaluation (5), en observant dans la direction de transport (2) de la bande de tri (1), caractérisé en ce que, sur la bande de tri (1), est disposée au moins une partie (5) d'un dispositif d'évaluation, déterminant des différences d'intensité du rayonnement, ayant été réfléchies par des surfaces partielles voisines de la face (6) observée.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la source de rayonnement (3, 4) émet de la lumière visible.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'évaluation comprend une caméra (5) .
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'évaluation comprend une caméra à détection par lignes (5).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de tri comprend au moins un dispositif (10) devant générer un écoulement d'air.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ces dispositifs sont réalisés sous forme de dispositifs de soufflage, telles que des buses à pression, en particulier des buses à air comprimé (10), et/ou sous forme de dispositifs d'aspiration, tels que des buses à vide (14), des ventilateurs ou des pompes.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif de tri est équipé d'un ou plusieurs dispositifs de ramassage, tels que des pinces de saisie mécanique, des ventouses, des rouleaux de serrage, des preneurs à aiguilles ou des dispositifs de ramassage électrostatiques.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la source de rayonnement (3, 4) elle-même émet un rayonnement en au moins une plage partielle de la plage de fréquences allant de l'infrarouge jusqu'aux rayons X et le dispositif d'évaluation (5) évalue également la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement réfléchie.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une autre source de rayonnement, émettant un rayonnement en au moins une plage partielle de la plage de fréquences allant de l'infrarouge aux rayons X, et au moins un dispositif d'évaluation supplémentaire, évaluant la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement réfléchie, sont disposés.
EP00107563A 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Méthode et dispositif de tri de déchets de papier Expired - Lifetime EP1048363B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT30099U 1999-04-30
AT30099 1999-04-30
AT0030099U AT3418U1 (de) 1999-04-30 1999-04-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum sortieren von altpapier

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1048363A2 EP1048363A2 (fr) 2000-11-02
EP1048363A3 EP1048363A3 (fr) 2004-05-26
EP1048363A9 EP1048363A9 (fr) 2004-07-14
EP1048363B1 true EP1048363B1 (fr) 2005-03-30

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EP00107563A Expired - Lifetime EP1048363B1 (fr) 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Méthode et dispositif de tri de déchets de papier

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6506991B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1048363B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4377027B2 (fr)
AT (2) AT3418U1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50009892D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2235708T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO321399B1 (fr)

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JP4377027B2 (ja) 2009-12-02
EP1048363A3 (fr) 2004-05-26
NO20002238D0 (no) 2000-04-28
NO321399B1 (no) 2006-05-08
DE50009892D1 (de) 2005-05-04
AT3418U1 (de) 2000-03-27
EP1048363A9 (fr) 2004-07-14
NO20002238L (no) 2000-10-31
JP2000338036A (ja) 2000-12-08
ES2235708T3 (es) 2005-07-16
ATE291969T1 (de) 2005-04-15
EP1048363A2 (fr) 2000-11-02
US6506991B1 (en) 2003-01-14

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