EP1533045B1 - Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1533045B1
EP1533045B1 EP03450252A EP03450252A EP1533045B1 EP 1533045 B1 EP1533045 B1 EP 1533045B1 EP 03450252 A EP03450252 A EP 03450252A EP 03450252 A EP03450252 A EP 03450252A EP 1533045 B1 EP1533045 B1 EP 1533045B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camera
objects
wavelength
flow
radiation emitted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP03450252A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1533045A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Huber
Rainer Eixelberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Binder and Co AG
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Binder and Co AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34429662&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1533045(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Binder and Co AG filed Critical Binder and Co AG
Priority to AT03450252T priority Critical patent/ATE422172T1/de
Priority to DE50311157T priority patent/DE50311157D1/de
Priority to EP03450252A priority patent/EP1533045B1/fr
Publication of EP1533045A1 publication Critical patent/EP1533045A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1533045B1 publication Critical patent/EP1533045B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting, detecting and sorting objects of a material flow, from waste paper and old cardboard according to the preamble of claim 1, and to an apparatus for detecting, detecting and sorting objects of a material flow according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • Thermally recyclable waste mixtures are often used for the energetic use of incineration. From the point of view of the sustainable use of valuable raw materials, it makes sense, however, to sort out recyclable materials from the corresponding waste material mixes and to supply them to recycling.
  • the use of recovered paper and cardboard in the paper industry has been known for a long time and is now being intensively pursued.
  • a procedure of this kind is about EP 1 048 363 A2 known.
  • the material stream to be sorted is moved in front of radiation sources and through the detection range of cameras along a rectilinear movement direction, wherein the cameras detect the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by the objects of the material flow and their intensity and serve to control subsequent sorting devices.
  • the wavelength of the radiation reflected by the objects is determined, an assignment of the object to a certain fraction is attempted, and in the event that it can not be unambiguously assigned to a fraction, then the intensity differences of the reflected radiation from different partial areas of the object are determined. If, for example, large differences in intensity of the reflected radiation from different object areas are evident, this indicates printed paper, while slight differences in intensity are more likely to be due to cardboard, since cardboard is generally hardly printed with small letters.
  • EP 1 048 363 A2 Furthermore, the idea is expressed to use a line scan camera, which images only a strip of an object, with a movement of the object a plurality of strips are detected sequentially, so as to obtain information about the entire object.
  • the reflected wavelength of such a stripe is integrally detected, but a differentiation with respect to the reflected wavelengths of different portions of a stripe is not made.
  • Claim 1 relates generically to a method for detecting, detecting and sorting objects of a material stream, in particular wood waste and wood fiber products such as paper and cardboard, in front of radiation sources and through the detection range of at least one camera, which serves to drive subsequent sorting devices, along a rectilinear movement direction is moved, wherein the detection range of the at least one camera stripe-shaped extending transversely to the direction of movement of the objects and the at least one camera detects the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by the objects of the material flow.
  • claim 1 provides that, for a plurality of regions of this strip-shaped section, the intensity of the radiation emitted by an object of the material flow is detected for several wavelengths using spatially resolved spectroscopy and the control of the subsequent sorting devices is performed by comparing the detected wavelength spectra with previously measured wavelength spectra, wherein only selected, discrete wavelength ranges are used to control the subsequent sorting devices.
  • the intensity for different subareas of an object strip is ascertained for the purpose of determining intensity differences, but the entire wavelength spectrum.
  • the control of the subsequent sorting devices is carried out by means of comparison of the detected, location-dependent wavelength spectra with previously measured wavelength spectra.
  • a classification of the object can be carried out.
  • Various materials can be predefined, taught and then assigned to material classes.
  • the movement of the objects in the conveying direction of the sorting belt and the rapid repetition of the measurement the result is a classification-capable image of the object to be recognized. This image is evaluated by algorithms and assigned according to the specifications of the user of a pass or a discharge fraction.
  • exhaust nozzles or suction nozzles are activated in time and place according to the sorting task. After activation of the discharge elements, the object is separated from the rest of the material flow via a separating edge, separating roller or separating belt.
  • a reduction in the amount of data to be evaluated is provided by using only selected, discrete wavelength ranges for driving the subsequent sorting devices.
  • the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by the radiation sources comprise a wavelength range from near infrared to ultraviolet light.
  • the material flow to be sorted additionally comprises plastics so as to make better use of the possibilities of the method according to the invention. Accordingly, according to claim 4 also provided that the material flow is sorted into more than two fractions, which are discharged along different transport directions.
  • the generation of evaluable wavelength spectra can be done in different ways. For example, it is provided according to claim 5 that the wavelength of the radiation emitted by the objects of the material flow is detected as a reflection spectrum. According to claim 6 it is provided that the wavelength of the radiation emitted by the objects of the material flow is detected as a transmission spectrum. The decision on the choice of one of these two methods will have to be made depending on the composition of the material flow.
  • Claim 7 finally provides a device for detecting, detecting and sorting objects of a material flow, from waste paper and old cardboard before, the radiation sources and at least one camera for controlling subsequent sorting devices comprises.
  • the detection range of the at least one camera, through which the flow of material is moved along a rectilinear direction of movement, is formed in a strip-shaped manner transversely to the direction of movement of the objects.
  • the at least one camera is a detector for the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by the objects of the material flow.
  • the at least one camera is a spatially resolving spectrometer which, for several regions of an object, which are each simultaneously within this strip-shaped section, measures the intensity of the Allow this object emitted radiation for several wavelengths.
  • an NIR area camera is used for this purpose.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of a sorting plant section for sorting thermo energetically usable objects 7, 8, 9 such as wood waste, wood fiber products (eg waste paper, cardboard, fabric remnants), plastic waste (eg PET bottles, films) and mixed fractions of different quality and texture, at
  • different existing substances such as paper 8, cardboard 9 or plastics 7 are on at least one sorting belt 1 and transported along a direction of movement 2.
  • At least one region of the sorting belt surface is irradiated by at least one radiation source 3.
  • the radiation sources 3 can for this purpose also be provided with reflectors 4.
  • the radiation reflected by the individual objects 7, 8, 9 is detected by a camera 5 and the objects 7, 8, 9 are assigned to a specific material class or fraction 11, 12 on the basis of the determined data, as will be explained in more detail below. Due to this assignment, sorting devices 10, 14, such as suction or blowing nozzles, are activated.
  • sorting devices 10, 14, such as suction or blowing nozzles, are activated.
  • the physical separation of the objects 7, 8, 9 can in this case be supported by apparatus measures such as separating rollers, separating strips or separating edges 13.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment, which unlike the in Fig. 1 embodiment shown allows separation of the mixed material into three fractions. This is achieved, for example, by providing a further conveying device 15, to which approximately all cardboard boxes 9 are lifted by means of a first sorting device 10, 14 and are transported in the direction 16 to a collecting location. By means of a second sorting device 10, 14, the further fractions, such as paper 8 and plastic 7 are subsequently separated.
  • the separation of the different fractions by means of a suitable arrangement of suction and blowing nozzles or other conveyors can be made in many ways, however, are a precise and reliable control of the sorting devices 10, 14 necessary, which in turn requires a rapid and reliable assignment of the objects to the different fractions 11 or 12.
  • the method according to the invention is capable of this.
  • transmissive spectrometer systems are used which essentially comprise an objective 17, an imaging spectrograph 18 and a matrix detector 19 (eg a CCD camera) (see Fig. 4 ).
  • a matrix detector 19 eg a CCD camera
  • the measuring head has to be moved over the object or the object under the measuring head has to be moved in different directions in order to obtain locally differentiated spectral information.
  • spatially resolved spectrometer systems also referred to here as camera 5 or spectrometer 5, are measuring devices which permit simultaneous recording of spectral and local information of an object surface.
  • the detection area 6 of the camera 5 is preferably in the form of a line or strip. This is achieved in a known manner by suitable arrangement of lenses 17, which image the radiation emitted by the object 7, 8, 9 onto the input slot of the spectrograph 18.
  • the length of the imaged strip can vary from a few millimeters to several meters, using either commercially available microscope objectives or conventional camera lenses.
  • the spatial resolution varies accordingly from micrometers for measurements in the millimeter range up to several millimeters for measurements in the meter range.
  • the spectral image is captured by a monochrome CCD camera 19. In this case, in a first dimension, the location information defined by the input slot, ie the position information within a certain strip, imaged and in a second dimension of the wavelength range to be examined.
  • the location-dependent intensities for different wavelengths can thus be represented as a three-dimensional image.
  • Each pixel corresponds to a particular location on the imaged strip of the object 7, 8, 9 and an intensity at a particular wavelength.
  • the spatial axis is placed in the x-direction and the spectral axis in the y-direction of the detector 19.
  • the spatial resolution is then determined by the number of pixels in the x-direction, while the number of wavelength bands is determined by the number of pixels in the y-direction.
  • the matrix detector 19 usually a CCD camera, preferably has a uniform sensitivity over the widest possible wavelength range.
  • CCD cameras 19 having such a characteristic at least in the visible wavelength range are commercially available.
  • NIR near infrared
  • This technology works up to a wavelength of 2500 nm. In these cases, a NIR surface camera is the preferred instrument.
  • an FPA Fluor Plane Array
  • InGaAs and thermoelectric cooling can be used.
  • Converting analog to digital data can be accomplished using conventional 8-bit digitizing PC frame grabber cards, but for more sophisticated sorting tasks, using 12- to 16-bit resolutions is beneficial. Alternatively, a conversion of the analog measurement signal into a digital signal can take place, and sometimes also PC frame grabber cards can be dispensed with.
  • the amount of data collected can sometimes be considerable, depending on the desired spatial and spectral resolution. It will therefore be to optimize the speed of data processing, which can be achieved by appropriate data processing and special evaluation algorithms. However, it proves to be sufficient in practice not to digitize and evaluate the entire spectral information at each pixel of the measured object strip, but to limit itself to selected wavelength ranges. As a result, the scope of the data to be processed can be significantly reduced and the conveying speed of the sorting belt 1 can be increased. If, for example, the number of coordinate points of the matrix detector 19 to be evaluated is reduced by a factor of 10, then a reduction of the data processing times by a factor of 100 usually appears.
  • the light emitted by the surface of the objects 7, 8, 9 is analyzed as a function of location and wavelength, a higher irradiation intensity is generally necessary than in the case of RGB cameras, for example.
  • the required irradiation intensity with the aid of the radiation sources 3 depends in particular on the properties of the camera optics, the camera sensitivity, the spectral resolution, the integration time (ie the measuring time of a strip which depends on the conveying speed of the sorting belt 1), the f-number of the objective 17 and of the spectrograph 18 and the spatial dimensions of the detection area 6 from. It is important to ensure the most uniform possible illumination of the detection area 6. This can be achieved with the help of fiber optic lamps or tungsten halogen lamps with linear parabolic or elliptical reflectors 4 with downstream cylindrical lenses.
  • the illumination by means of the radiation sources 3 should have a stable (and "flat") emission spectrum over the entire wavelength range of the emitted radiation. Since the sensitivity in the blue wavelength range decreases with many commercially available CCD cameras, the illumination by means of the radiation sources 3 can also ensure that the intensity is stronger in the blue wavelength range.
  • Halogen lamps provide a very stable spectrum and have a relatively long lifetime, but have low emission in the blue wavelength range. With the aid of a red filter, however, the emission intensity over the entire wavelength range can be somewhat compensated.
  • Xenon lamps produce a very flat visible spectrum but are more unstable than halogen lamps and also require a high voltage supply.
  • Xenon flash lamps can as well be used. They have a long life and are high power radiation sources, but variations in intensity of 1-2% and spectral instabilities in the flashes can occur.
  • a classification of the measuring object 7, 8, 9 can be carried out.
  • the classifiers are capable of learning, i. Various materials can be predefined, taught in and then assigned to material classes.
  • This image is evaluated by algorithms and accordingly assigned to the user's specifications of a run or a discharge fraction. After the assignment, at the end of the sorting belt 1 time and place correct exhaust nozzles or suction nozzles 10, 14 are activated depending on the sorting task. After activation of the discharge organs, the object is separated by a separating roller, separating belt or separating edge 13 from the other material flow.
  • the method according to the invention thus represents a comparatively simple process solution, in which an individual separation device with radiation source, evaluation unit and discharge or blow-out device need not be provided for each individual separation phase (paper board, plastic paper, plastic 1 plastic 2, etc.) , Instead, sufficient data is collected via spatially resolved spectroscopy to ensure reliable classification. It is also possible to determine 3 unique material properties when irradiated by only one radiation source, after which the individual fractions 11, 12 can be sorted out. So can also about the groupage Appearing foreign substances such as foils, laminated cardboard, composite boards, multi-layer cardboard boxes with metal or plastic films recognized us to be sorted out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour détecter, reconnaître et trier des objets (8, 9) dans un flux de matières composé de vieux papiers (8) et de vieux cartons (9), qui est déplacé devant des sources de rayonnement (3) et à travers la zone de détection (6) d'au moins une caméra (5) servant à activer des dispositifs de tri (10, 14) situés en aval, le long d'une direction de déplacement rectiligne (2), la zone de détection (6) de l'au moins une caméra (5) s'étendant en forme de bande perpendiculairement à la direction de déplacement (2) des objets (8, 9) et l'au moins une caméra (5) détectant les longueurs d'ondes du rayonnement émis par les objets (8, 9) du flux de matières, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité du rayonnement émis par ces objets (8, 9) est détectée à l'aide d'une spectroscopie à résolution spatiale pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes, et l'activation des dispositifs de tri (10, 14) d'aval est réalisée au moyen d'une comparaison des spectres de longueurs d'ondes détectés avec des spectres de longueurs d'ondes mesurés auparavant, en utilisant seulement certaines plages de longueurs d'ondes discrètes choisies pour activer les dispositifs de tri (10, 14) d'aval.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les longueurs d'ondes du rayonnement émis par les sources de rayonnement (3) comprennent une plage de longueurs d'ondes allant de l'infrarouge proche à la lumière ultraviolette.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le flux de matières contient en outre des matières plastiques (7).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le flux de matières est partagé en plus de deux fractions qui sont évacuées dans des directions de transport différentes.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement émis par les objets (7, 8, 9) du flux de matières est détectée sous la forme d'un spectre de réflexion.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement émis par les objets (7, 8, 9) du flux de matières est détectée sous la forme d'un spectre de transmission.
  7. Dispositif pour détecter, reconnaître et trier des objets (8, 9) dans un flux de matières composé de vieux papiers (8) et de vieux cartons (9), comprenant des sources de rayonnement (3) et au moins une caméra (5) pour l'activation de dispositifs de tri (10, 14) d'aval, dans lequel la zone de détection (6) de l'au moins une caméra (5), à travers laquelle le flux de matières est déplacé dans une direction de déplacement rectiligne (2), est formée en forme de bande perpendiculairement à la direction de déplacement (2) des objets (8, 9) et l'au moins une caméra (5) comprend des détecteurs pour les longueurs d'ondes du rayonnement émis par les objets (8, 9) du flux de matières, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une caméra (5) est un spectromètre à résolution spatiale qui permet, pour plusieurs zones d'un objet (8, 9) se trouvant simultanément dans cette partie (6) en forme de bande, la mesure de l'intensité du rayonnement émis par cet objet (8, 9) pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une caméra (5) est une caméra matricielle fonctionnant dans le proche infrarouge.
EP03450252A 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton Revoked EP1533045B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT03450252T ATE422172T1 (de) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optimierten sortierung von altpapier und altkarton
DE50311157T DE50311157D1 (de) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur optimierten Sortierung von Altpapier und Altkarton
EP03450252A EP1533045B1 (fr) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03450252A EP1533045B1 (fr) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1533045A1 EP1533045A1 (fr) 2005-05-25
EP1533045B1 true EP1533045B1 (fr) 2009-02-04

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EP03450252A Revoked EP1533045B1 (fr) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Procédé et dispositif de tri pour déchets du papier et carton

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1533045B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE422172T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50311157D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3015178A1 (fr) 2014-10-28 2016-05-04 Münchner Akten+Daten Vernichtung GmbH Procédé et dispositif de commande d'installations de tri de vieux papiers en fonction de l'humidité

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2982955B1 (fr) 2011-11-22 2015-03-13 Kweo En Procede et systeme d'identification et de tri de matiere bois de recyclage
CN102601063B (zh) * 2012-02-29 2013-11-13 浙江工业大学 一种竹片自动识别分级方法
GB2528979A (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-10 Kilkenny Mechanical Handling Systems Ltd A method and system for recycling wood
FR3048369B1 (fr) * 2016-03-01 2018-03-02 Pellenc Selective Technologies Machine et procede d'inspection d'objets defilant en flux
IT201700054728A1 (it) * 2017-05-19 2018-11-19 Pal S R L Macchina e procedimento di separazione per separare materiali a base di legno da altri materiali
CN110523654B (zh) * 2019-07-22 2021-06-22 徐州利华环保科技有限公司 一种环保型汽车配件内包装纸塑的废纸分类回收装置及其工作方法
CN114669493A (zh) * 2022-02-10 2022-06-28 南京搏力科技有限公司 一种基于人工智能的废纸质量自动检测装置及检测方法

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6744525B2 (en) * 1997-11-25 2004-06-01 Spectra Systems Corporation Optically-based system for processing banknotes based on security feature emissions
WO2000058035A1 (fr) * 1999-03-29 2000-10-05 Src Vision, Inc. Systeme spectral multibande pour le tri d'articles legers
AT3418U1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-03-27 Waagner Biro Binder Aktiengese Verfahren und vorrichtung zum sortieren von altpapier
US7227148B2 (en) * 1999-06-08 2007-06-05 Japan Tobacco Inc. Apparatus for detecting impurities in material and detecting method therefor
EP1483062B1 (fr) * 2002-01-16 2006-09-27 Titech Visionsort As Procede et appareil pour identifier et trier des objets

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3015178A1 (fr) 2014-10-28 2016-05-04 Münchner Akten+Daten Vernichtung GmbH Procédé et dispositif de commande d'installations de tri de vieux papiers en fonction de l'humidité

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Publication number Publication date
DE50311157D1 (de) 2009-03-19
EP1533045A1 (fr) 2005-05-25
ATE422172T1 (de) 2009-02-15

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