EP1017550B1 - Procede d'enduction de fibres a la colle - Google Patents

Procede d'enduction de fibres a la colle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1017550B1
EP1017550B1 EP98954176A EP98954176A EP1017550B1 EP 1017550 B1 EP1017550 B1 EP 1017550B1 EP 98954176 A EP98954176 A EP 98954176A EP 98954176 A EP98954176 A EP 98954176A EP 1017550 B1 EP1017550 B1 EP 1017550B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glue
tower
fibre
fibres
fibers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP98954176A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1017550A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Michanickl
Christian Boehme
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0263—Mixing the material with binding agent by spraying the agent on the falling material, e.g. with the material sliding along an inclined surface, using rotating elements or nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0227—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer
    • B27N1/0254—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer with means for spraying the agent on the material before it is introduced in the mixer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gluing fibers, a device for performing the method and a Process for controlling the glue application.
  • lignocellulose-containing fibers are subsequently referred to, in particular for the production of wood-based materials be used.
  • Typical fibers are those from wood chips or annual plants Palms or grasses according to RMP (Refiner Mechanical Pulping), TMP (Thermomechanical Pulping) or CTMP (Chemo-Thermomechanical Pulping) are generated, but also by chemical Wood pulp produced fibers are included here.
  • the glued fibers can preferably be used for the production of Wood materials are used; they are mainly for manufacturing of fiberboard.
  • a typical one, but by far the use of glued lignocellulosic is not the only example Fibers for the production of MDF boards (medium density Fibreboard).
  • Fibers used in the manufacture of wood-based materials are made from chips soaked in liquid. Before gluing, the fibers must have a moisture content (Water mass based on absolutely dry fiber mass) less than 100%, preferably between 1 and 10%, to ensure permanent gluing, and to to prevent so-called steam bursts, these are cracks and Disruptions in the fiber structure of the wood-based material caused by steam bubbles arise, which are generated during the gluing.
  • dry fibers in contrast to the liquid soaked Fibers that are present after the shredding of wood chips, are fibers with a fiber moisture designated below 100%. It is particularly preferred however, fibers with a fiber moisture between 1 and 10%.
  • the fiber mass is used to manufacture wood-based materials from fibers between 5 and 30% glue based on the absolutely dry Fiber mass added.
  • Various synthetic resins are used as glues used, often for example phenol-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde or if no waterproof gluing is required is urea formaldehyde.
  • glue are below referred to all natural glues and resins that to be applied to lignocellulosic fibers to wood-based materials manufacture.
  • the glue partially hardens during the drying process already out or diffuses into the fibers and then stands no longer available for connecting fibers.
  • fiber moisture means water mass based on absolutely dry fiber mass
  • the one there curing glue no longer contributes to fiber binding. He is lost so to speak. It is assumed that about 20% of the used Glues are no longer reactive after drying. There Glue is more expensive than fibers, this loss represents a significant one Cost factor.
  • Chip mixers were used for dry gluing of fibers used for gluing wood chips in chipboard production Find use.
  • the construction of such mixers comprises a rotatable cylinder, usually arranged horizontally, which is penetrated by a central wave. The wave is provided with outlet openings for the glue. Possibly are funding for the chips in the cylinder or on the shaft appropriate.
  • the energy consumption of chip mixers is included considerably.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 1 653 223 proposes the dry glued fibers before further processing separated by plucking rollers. This method has not been proven because of the glued fibers clog the plucking rollers and because the plucking rollers clog the fibers not only isolated, but through the mechanical Pressure again generate fiber agglomerates.
  • Dry gluing is mainly due to the poor glue distribution and failed to form fiber agglomerates. These cause a non-uniform surface of the fiberboard and a heterogeneous structure in the bulk density of the plate. The raw density fluctuations caused by the fiber agglomerates can damage the press plates more modern continuous press lines.
  • the object described above is achieved by a method for gluing fibers that have previously been exposed to moisture were set below 100%, with glue on the fibers is applied, and then if necessary by gluing or after gluing existing fiber agglomerates in a fiber / air flow in Turbulence is offset and thus dissolved again by swirling become.
  • the way in which the fibers of the gluing and subsequent the dissolution of the fiber agglomerates can be supplied can be designed arbitrarily. It is a mechanical transport of the fibers, for example, by screw conveyors. However, it is particularly preferred that the fibers in one Airflow, hereinafter referred to as fiber / airflow, promoted become. This type of transportation is particularly inexpensive and easy to implement. Elaborate funding omitted and the fiber / air flow is easy to control. With In the context of this description, air is primarily ambient air meant, but this term also includes all other gases used to transport the fibers and, if necessary can also be used to treat the fibers.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method provides that the fibers are dried before gluing.
  • the Moisture content of the fibers preferably below 20% or under 10%, depending on the requirements of the production, which is following the gluing, even below 5% to below 1% moisture content dried.
  • drying if necessary already taken into account that by applying glue again Moisture is applied to the fiber.
  • the fiber agglomerates are preferably dissolved by that the fibers and the fiber agglomerates, which in one Fiber / airflow are conveyed into a turbulent, detached, intensely eddy currents are displaced.
  • the in the case of turbulent flow, eddies exert shear forces on the fibers and fiber agglomerate, which are dimensioned so that the fiber agglomerates broken down into individual fibers that the fiber itself remains undamaged. Since the Glue on the fiber surface adheres more firmly than the fibers to each other, also show the isolated fibers as before even gluing.
  • a refiner runs when fiber agglomerates are dissolved, for example with a plate spacing of more than 0.2 mm, preferably of over 1.0 mm. With this opening width there is none Grinding takes place, but the fiber / airflow is between the two Plates of the refiner completely in turbulent, detached, turbulent flow offset.
  • Refiner and grinder are as Known devices with extremely high energy consumption and therefore there are concerns about the renewed, additional use of such plant parts, yes can also be used to manufacture the fibers themselves. However, these concerns can be refuted by the fact that Refiners or mills should not do any grinding work here.
  • the Devices are idle, so to speak. The energy consumption at Dissolving the fiber agglomerates is therefore extremely low, so that hardly any additional costs arise through the use of these devices.
  • a rotor or propeller at the exit the device for gluing fibers or in the subsequent Line of fiber / airflow is arranged Accelerate and / or swirl the fiber / air flow sufficiently, so that existing fiber agglomerates are dissolved again.
  • the fibers can be used immediately after gluing and dissolving of the fiber agglomerates are processed further. It can but also intermediate storage can be arranged to the fibers before Glueing or collecting after the fiber agglomerates have dissolved, before they are fed to gluing or production become.
  • fibers in the blow line are at speeds glued from over 200 m / s to over 450 m / s and then dried. It is obvious that both because of the unpredictability of the drying process as well of the only approximately adjustable conditions for gluing an excess of glue must always be provided, which is considerable Costs. It is therefore considered a special advantage the inventive method considered that it is possible is to glue fibers at low speeds, because the glue additive can be dosed precisely and economically.
  • the speed of the fibers when gluing is in any case below 150 m / s, preferably below 50 m / s. Particularly preferred falling speeds in the range between 0.1 and 10 m / s. At such low falling speeds that adjustable by controlling the fiber / air flow accordingly there is sufficient time to optimally glue the fibers.
  • the fibers in a fiber / air flow with natural falling speed to sink following gravity can also be appropriate be to expose the fibers to a certain countercurrent or them for example on a spiral path through the glue zone to increase the dwell time in the glue zone or fibers after gluing for further processing to condition.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention Procedure also depends on the low speed the fibers together when gluing.
  • the climate in particular temperature and humidity, be set in the vicinity of the fibers as it for applying the glue and, for example, for prevention curing of the glue is most advantageous. This too Measure therefore contributes to the economic use of glue.
  • Temperature and humidity as critical parameters for the Ambient climate can be tempered, for example, by adding Simply set the air with the specified humidity.
  • gluing can be carried out in the presence of inert or protective gases, for example when the presence of oxygen is intolerable to the glue.
  • a device for gluing fibers with a Fiber moisture of less than 100% is included in the simplest Designing a tower that has a filling opening for the gluing fibers, arranged in the tower or in its wall Means for applying glue and a discharge for the has glued fibers, a device at this discharge for dissolving fiber agglomerates by generation of turbulence in a fiber / airflow.
  • the tower is of any cross-section, but preferably cylindrical shape.
  • the filling opening and the discharge are each attached to opposite ends of the tower, preferably in the area of the end faces.
  • the filling opening can as a simple opening for introducing the fibers into the tower be formed, but it can also be a closable opening or be designed as a lock, for example, if by opening or closing the fill opening in the Tower mass to be introduced should be controlled or if defined climatic conditions in the tower must be observed.
  • the Discharge can be used as an opening in the same way as the filling opening, to which, for example, a pipe connects, as closable Opening or be designed as a lock.
  • the Device for dissolving fiber agglomerates closes either directly to the discharge or it is through a Connection line, for example a pipe, with the discharge connected.
  • the fibers enter the tower through the filling opening.
  • the tower preferably stands in relation to the longitudinal axis of the tower vertically, but it can also be arranged diagonally or even horizontally his.
  • the fibers are preferred mechanically or something is entered into the tower in a fiber / air stream and conveyed through the tower.
  • vertical Tower it is particularly advantageous that the fibers, gravity following, without additional energy input by a Gluing zone in which the gluing is carried out, in the Can sink through the tower.
  • the tower has turned out to be special proven suitable to carry out the gluing because it is a has sufficient volume to increase throughput enable, for example, a fiberboard production can supply.
  • a tower is easy to erect and can easily all means for gluing, for feeding of air or for swirling the fibers, if necessary are necessary to carry out the procedure.
  • the device for dissolving fiber agglomerates is on the discharge of the Tower arranged. After gluing, the fibers, in particular, if a refiner or a grinder at the discharge of the Tower is arranged by the suction from the rotor in the refiner or in the mill while accelerating the fiber / air flow generated, attracted. Special funding between tower and refiner or mill are therefore usually not mandatory.
  • the means for gluing which are attached in or on the tower, are preferably designed as nozzles, which are connected via feed lines are connected to a storage container.
  • Nozzles are suitable best to atomize the glue and so on the surface of the numerous fibers that come through the tower be promoted.
  • the nozzles can be in the simplest, cheapest and thus the most advantageous embodiment in the Wall of the tower can be arranged.
  • the tower and the nozzles for the glue should be coordinated so that the nozzles Don't spray glue on the opposite wall of the tower, but that on the other hand also the complete gluing of the Fibers is guaranteed.
  • the arrangement of the nozzles can be freely can be selected, it can be circular, spiral or in other, appropriate way.
  • the area of Tower in which the nozzles for gluing the fibers are attached are referred to as the glue zone. Injecting the glue can either be pneumatic in the air flow or airless by atomizing by means of static pressure.
  • the device means for introducing air or other gases arranged in the tower or in the wall of the tower.
  • the means for introducing air or other gases are in the simplest case the mouths of corresponding supply lines.
  • These means for introducing are preferred Air or other gases, however, also formed as nozzles.
  • the nozzles are either distributed in the glue zone and / or arranged outside the glue zone. You can go to different Be used for purposes.
  • By introducing air can for example the course of the fiber / air flow and / or the speed of the fibers are guided and influenced.
  • the air can be cooled, warmed, humidified or dried be so that about the means of introducing air the climate in the tower, especially in and after the glue zone can be.
  • means can be in the tower or on the wall of the tower be arranged for swirling and / or conveying fibers.
  • These agents can be used as baffles, rotors, or baffles the like. Because the conveyor speed and the swirling of the fibers for quality and uniformity the deciding factor is the arrangement of such Means to swirl a measure that is the result of Gluing generally improved significantly.
  • the means described above for gluing, for introducing air and for swirling and / or conveying fibers are preferably attached to or in the wall of the tower. This is structurally simpler and also cheaper from the point of view of maintenance than inserting such means into the interior of the tower. However, if there are reasons for arranging these means in the tower, for example space reasons, this is easily possible. It is particularly preferred that the means described above for gluing, for introducing air and for swirling and / or conveying fibers are designed to be adjustable. If nozzles are used, they should be adjustable so that the spray cones can still be optimally aligned even after installation, so that blind spots are avoided. It may also be necessary to make changes to the setting if the throughput of fibers in the tower changes or if other glues are processed. The spray cone of the nozzles and the flow rate should also be variable for the reasons mentioned.
  • the tower for performing the method according to the invention is preferably arranged vertically, with the filling opening on top and a discharge at the bottom of the tower. With this Arrangement will use gravity to convey the fibers in the fiber / air flow and thus minimizes energy consumption.
  • the tower may be required sloping or lying, i.e. to be arranged horizontally. Is the If the tower is not vertical, then it must be ensured that the The fiber / air flow runs approximately in the middle of the tower. deposits on the walls should be avoided if possible to prevent the tower from "overgrowing". By appropriate Arrangement of nozzles, however, can be done easily Realize wise.
  • the tower is cylindrical or approximately cylindrical.
  • the Tower is conical at least in sections.
  • the tower will be conical in order to reduce the cross section an increase in the speed of the fiber / air flow to cause the formation of vertebrae and turbulence is supported.
  • the tower conical overall or two truncated cones so that the maximum cross-section of the tower lies between the filling opening and the discharge. With the shape of the tower, the swirling and the conveying speed can the fibers are effectively affected.
  • the means for dissolving fiber agglomerates are preferred trained as a refiner or mill.
  • This known per se Plant parts have in common that they have at least one Rotor, so have a fast rotating component.
  • Through the Geometry of the refiner or the mill ensures that a fiber / air flow that is on a specified conveyor path from the filling opening through the glue zone to the discharge and is moved in a defined manner by the refiner or the mill In a vortex-like, turbulent flow without mechanical damage to the fibers comes. This is also why the fiber agglomerates are dissolved very gentle because it creates the eddies and turbulence additional air torn into the fiber / airflow becomes.
  • the fiber agglomerates are dissolved by swirling in the Fiber / airflow reached.
  • the vortexed, turbulent Flow is preferably by accelerating the fiber / air flow reached.
  • a bigger one Increase in speed, for example by approximately 50%, 100% or 200% or more is equally suitable, fiber agglomerates by swirling in the fiber / air flow. It is advantageous that it is sufficient to short-term the fiber / air flow to swirl. Seconds or fractions of a second of Whirling is already enough to get the fiber agglomerates back in to disassemble glued single fibers.
  • Fiber agglomerates formed during gluing are swirled both eliminated when the fiber / airflow from one Speed from approx. 10 m / s during gluing to approx. 25 m / s is accelerated and swirled.
  • the same effect will but also by accelerating the fiber / air flow to approx. 160 m / s reached without the fibers being damaged.
  • fiber agglomerations by gluing at a speed of approx. 150 m / s have been created by accelerating the The fiber / air flow is broken down again to approx. 200 m / s without fibers to be damaged.
  • the performance is Means for dissolving fiber agglomerates adjustable. How already described above is only a low drive power required to keep the fiber / airflow as possible causing complete turbulence, but it may be that with fluctuations in throughput an adjustment of the performance the refiner, mills or propellers or rotors are necessary.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention provides before the fiber / airflow after dissolving the fiber agglomerates is directed in or by a classifier in which excess air is separated from the fiber / air flow, which was recorded when the turbulence was generated.
  • a classifier becomes the volume of the fiber / airflow again reduced to a significantly lower level.
  • the excess Air is preferably passed through lines that run between the sifter and the means for introducing air and others Gases are arranged, circulated. It's on the hand that excess air is possible inferring into the environment, but it is - among other things because the cheaper energy balance - advantageous, at least the cycle partially close. Especially if not Air but other gases in the tower are recommended the cycle closure to save cleaning systems, the when excess air is discharged into the environment are otherwise to be installed.
  • the device for gluing fibers in or on the lines between the classifier and the means for introducing Air is arranged in the tower, means attached to those Temperature and / or humidity of the excess air can be set before they are fed back to the tower becomes. If necessary, cleaning devices can also be used are used to lead the cycle Extract unwanted substances from the air flow.
  • the aforementioned means for setting temperature and / or humidity, So cooling or. Heaters or humidifiers or dehumidifiers prove to be particularly advantageous if that Climate in the glue zone or in the tower as a whole according to certain Is controlled.
  • An improved glue application is also achieved in that the means for introducing air or other gases into the Tower be set so that a given swirl and / or a predefined path or a predefined path Speed of the fiber / air flow is maintained. With this measure will the path of the fiber / air flow through the Tower matched to the glue zone so that the inserted Glue deposited as completely as possible on the surface of the fibers becomes.
  • the Fibers - which is not possible according to the state of the art - are optimal on the requirements of production, in particular the requirements of the presses for pressing the fibers, for example to be set to MDF boards on the glue.
  • the temperature when entering the tower or in the area of fibers as an essential reaction parameter for behavior the fibers during gluing and the curing of the glue is according to an advantageous development of the method also recorded and included in the control.
  • Consistency of the glue to be applied to the fibers depending on of the humidity in the tower Since the Moisture content of the fibers with a view to pressing is critical size, and there by applying the glue additional moisture is applied to the fibers means a precise adjustment of the consistency of the glue improved setting of the glued fibers on the pressing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device 2 for gluing lignocellulose-containing Fibers.
  • a tower 4 is the heart of the device 2.
  • the tower 4 is made of stainless steel and -falls required - inside with Teflon or a comparable material coated with non-stick effect. The coating prevents adhesion of the glued fibers to the wall 6 of the Tower.
  • the tower 4 is about 10 m high and has a diameter of about 1.5 m; it is essentially cylindrical.
  • Glue application nozzles 8 are embedded in the wall 6 of the tower 4, whose spray cones are adjustable.
  • the glue application nozzles 8 are via a feed line 10 with a glue reservoir 12 connected.
  • Next are 4 air nozzles 14 in the wall 6 of the tower admitted.
  • the air nozzles 14 also have adjustable ones Spray cone. The air sprayed through the air nozzles 14 becomes supplied via feed lines 16.
  • a simple filling opening 18 attached, which is neither lockable nor in its passage is changeable.
  • Other embodiments of the Filling opening for example openings with adjustable Diameters or locks or the like can be used if necessary be used.
  • the fibers are preferably either from a storage container or fed from a dryer.
  • the discharge 20 connects the tower 4 with a refiner 22.
  • the walls 24 of the discharge 22 are for the refiner 20 towards conical.
  • the discharge 20 ends in approximately in the center of the refining discs 26.
  • the conical discharge 20 causes a significant increase due to the narrowing of the cross-section the flow velocity and thereby promotes the Formation of turbulence and generated by the acceleration an intensive swirling of the fiber / air flow.
  • the refiner 22 has two profiled disks 26, from which a disc rests (stator) and a disc with approx. 4,000 revolutions per minute rotates (rotor).
  • the disks are spaced about 1.5 mm apart. at this disc distance the rotor runs approximately at idle; he does no grinding work because the passage between the stator and Rotor is too big.
  • the refiner 22 creates turbulence that leads to Dissolve fiber agglomerates.
  • Refiner 22 too is made of stainless steel and coated if necessary, for example with Teflon, so that the glued fibers are not adhere to the discs 26 or other parts of the refiner 22 stay.
  • a classifier 28 Downstream of the refiner 22 is a classifier 28 which is connected to the Refiner 22 is connected by a line 30. In classifier 28 fibers and excess air are separated. The excess Air is released from the classifier via line 16 and the Air nozzles 14 guided back into the tower 4. From the sifter 28 the glued fibers are either a storage container or a molding station or a press for producing Wood materials supplied.
  • the device 2 shown in FIG. 1 is particularly suitable to carry out the method for gluing of lignocellulose-containing fibers with a fiber moisture below 100%.
  • the fibers are made conventional, for example by RMP, TMP or CTMP process made from wood chips.
  • the wood chips are shredded in high humidity, over 100%, usually over 200% water content based on the absolutely dry fiber mass.
  • the fibers are then dried and then, either straight from the dryer or supplied to the glue from a storage container.
  • the fibers are in a fiber / air stream through the fill opening 18 promoted in the tower 4. Moving the fibers in an air stream - or another suitable gas stream simple, energy-saving and inexpensive.
  • the one from the filler opening 18 Air flow directed to the discharge 20 is preferred generated by the rotating refiner 22 which the Fiber / air flow is constantly sucked in.
  • Refiner 22 can also allow the fiber / airflow through the air jets 14 are generated.
  • the speed of the fiber / air flow is far less than that described above Blow-line process.
  • the fiber / air flow has a speed less than 150 m / s, preferably less than 50 m / s.
  • the Fibers in the gluing zone "B" shown hatched in FIG. 1, emotional.
  • the glue zone "B” is the area of the tower 4, embedded in the glue application nozzles 8 in the wall 6 of the tower are.
  • the fibers in the glue zone "B” are approx. 10 to 20% glue based on the absolutely dry fiber mass sprayed. The glue is sprayed in finely divided and stored almost completely on the surface of the fibers.
  • the air nozzles 14, arranged between the glue application nozzles 8 in the glue zone "B" are aligned so that they the fiber / air flow so align the fibers to the spray cone of the glue application nozzles 8 are exposed as evenly as possible.
  • the Spray cone of the air nozzles 14 also quite counter to the main direction of movement of the fiber / air flow.
  • Gluing the fibers with the device described here already minimizes the formation of unwanted fiber agglomerates.
  • the fiber agglomerates which despite the improved glue application still form will be in a subsequent process step dissolved again.
  • the discharge 20 is conical and the refiner 22nd tapering cross-section causes a steady increase in the Speed of the fiber / air flow and thus an increase the turbulence and turbulence in the fiber / air flow.
  • the refiner 22 its rotor with about 4,000 revolutions runs per minute, the speed of the fiber / air flow increased to approx. 50 m / s and the fiber / air flow is completely turbulent.
  • the disc distance the discs 26 of the refiner 22 is approximately 1.5 mm dimensioned so that the glued fibers are not ground.
  • the rotor speed and wheel spacing are approximate To take information. The respective settings are chosen by the expert so that the desired success, the dissolving the fiber agglomerates with the lowest possible energy consumption is achieved.
  • the glued, now isolated fibers are in the fiber / air stream fed from the refiner 22 to the sifter 28.
  • excess air that is generated when the turbulence was sucked in, separated again.
  • the sifter is, too like the system components already described (tower 4, refiner 22) made of stainless steel and coated if necessary. same for for the lines through which the fiber / air flow is led.
  • the classifier 28 is a known component for separating excess gas or air quantities.
  • the excess Air is at least partially introduced into the tower 4 through lines 16 recycled.
  • the fibers are either in by the sifter 28 conveyed a reservoir or to a forming station transported, which forms, for example, plate blanks, the in a subsequent press to fibreboard or molded parts be pressed.
  • the air nozzles 18 cannot only for controlling the fiber / air flow or for swirling the Fibers are used, they can all be in groups or individually - can also be used to spray gases, which affect the reactivity of fibers or glue, if necessary the sprayed gas can also be a component of the Be glue.
  • Means for swirling the fibers are in the tower 4 in FIG. 1 not shown. But it should be noted that in the tower 4 or on the walls 6 of the tower 4 such means, for example Baffles, baffles or the like can be attached to ensure optimal guidance of the fiber / air flow.
  • the glue application is advantageously controlled in such a way that the amount of glue sprayed depending on the in the tower 4 registered fiber mass is metered.
  • the throughput of the glue application nozzles 8 is increased or reduced, depending on the mass of each unit of time to be glued Fibers.
  • the method according to the invention offers the opportunity to change the climate in the tower 4, in particular Specify temperature and / or humidity, so the fiber moisture to influence specifically. For example, it can be over-dried Fibers from the fill opening 18 to the entry into the glue zone "B" re-moistened by spraying in moist air or insufficiently dried fibers can be further dried by spraying dry air.
  • the premature curing of glue or penetration of glue into the fibers can be adjusted by setting temperature and Humidity in the glue zone can be prevented. So be Temperatures of approx. 20 to 80 C, but mostly approx.
  • the glue applied when applying glue excess liquid by at least drying partially removed by using dry air is sprayed through the air nozzles 14 between the glue zone "B" and discharge 20 are arranged.
  • Such a climate profile is according to the invention without further ado by arranging air nozzles 14 and glue application nozzles 8, by the detection of fiber mass entered in the tower 4 and if necessary, the fiber moisture and by controlling the Nozzles 8 and 14 depending on fiber mass and moisture set. It is also advantageous to add the Detect temperature of the fibers when entering the tower 4 and the temperature and possibly the air humidity in the Tower 4 depending on the temperature of the fibers as well as the Adjust fiber moisture. It is particularly preferred if the climate in tower 4 before, in and after the glue zone "B" in each case depending on the state of the non-glued or glued Fibers is adjusted.
  • the sifter 28 with the air nozzles 14 connects.
  • the devices arranged in line 16 and the air nozzles 14 can either be set separately or it can be a programmable control unit are inserted, which are provided with measuring points or sensors or is connected to the temperature of the fibers as well where appropriate, their humidity and / or the temperature and / or Detect air humidity in tower 4.
  • the glue application becomes automatic controlled.
  • FIG. 2 a to e show a cross section through the tower 4 with glue application nozzles 8 arranged in the wall 6 of the tower 4 and air nozzles 14.
  • the nozzles 8, 14 can either be in separate Layers can be arranged, as shown in Fig. 2a, or they can lie in one plane, as shown in Fig. 2b.
  • the nozzles 8, 14 can spray radially into the tower 4 (see Fig. 2a, b) or the spray cone can at an angle ⁇ or be directed into the tower 4 at an angle ⁇ , such as shown in Fig. 2 c - e.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ can each Values between 0 ° and 90 ° related to the longitudinal axis "A" of the Assume tower 4.
  • FIG. 3 a to c show, in addition to that shown in FIG. 1 Form, further variants of a tower 4, in which fibers can be glued with a fiber moisture below 100%.
  • FIG. 3a shows one from the filling opening 18 to the discharge 20 tapered tower 4.
  • discharge 20 and tower 4 go into each other because this conical shape of the tower 4 one ideal transition to a device for dissolving fiber agglomerates allows. Due to the constant rejuvenation of the Tower 4 from the filling opening to the discharge will accelerate and swirling of the fibers effectively supported.
  • 3b shows a tower 4 which extends from the filling opening 18 for conical discharge 20.
  • the advantage here is that the fiber / air flow a particularly long way through the glue zone "B" takes so that gluing can be controlled well can.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show a tower 4, which in an upper section, preferably from the fill opening 18 to the end the glue zone "B" is flared and extends from the end the glue zone “B” tapers conically up to the discharge 20.
  • a such a construction is complex, but it connects the Advantages of the tower shapes described in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • the dimensions of the tower 4 can vary widely, depending on the shape of the tower and the fiber throughput per time unit and from the specifications regarding the climate profile to be set. Construction heights of approx. 5 to 25 m and Diameters of 0.75, preferably about 3.5 m to 6 m turn out to be useful without further ado.
  • Fig. 4 shows the upper section 32 of a tower 4 with a alternative embodiment of a fill opening 19.
  • Der Cross section of the upper portion 32 widens from the fill opening 19 to the tower 4 in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • a distribution cone 34 is arranged so that the fiber / air flow entered through the fill opening 19 distributed in a circular shape and entered in the tower 4.
  • a perforated screen 36 appropriate. It covers the cross section of the tower 4.
  • the hole size is between about 0.5 and 5 cm, preferably between approx. 0.8 and 3 cm.
  • a Drive 38 for a distribution device 40 attached in or under the distribution cone 34.
  • the rotating one Distribution device 40 here as a doctor blade 42 with several Arms trained, distributed over the fill opening 19 and the upper section 32 of the tower 4 entered fiber / air flow over the entire cross section of the tower. The Fibers therefore fall evenly over a large cross-section distributed in the tower 4 in the glue zone.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (33)

  1. Procédé pour encoller des fibres qui ont préalablement été portées à une humidité de fibre inférieure à 100%, dans lequel on applique de la colle sur les fibres, puis on met en turbulences dans un courant air/fibres les agglomérats de fibres qui le cas échéant résultent de l'encollage ou sont présents après l'encollage, et on les désagrège ainsi par tourbillonnement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'encollage on sèche les fibres jusqu'à une humidité de fibre de 100%, de préférence une humidité de fibre entre 10 et 1%.
  3. Procédé selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres après l'encollage, les agglomérats de fibres passent par un raffineur, un rotor ou un triturateur.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'après désagrégation des agglomérats de fibres on conduit les fibres à une station de formage pour fabriquer des produits en matériaux dérivés du bois.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'avant ou après la désagrégation des agglomérats de fibres, on conduit les fibres à un stockage intermédiaire.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique la colle sur des fibres qui se déplacent dans un courant air/fibres avec une vitesse inférieure à 150 m/s, de préférence inférieure à 50 m/s, en particulier inférieure à 10 m/s.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique la colle sur des fibres qui se déplacent verticalement ou selon une trajectoire en spirale.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on établit un climat prédéterminé dans l'environnement des fibres pendant l'encollage.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle la température et/ou l'humidité de l'air dans l'environnement des fibres pendant l'encollage.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on modifie la teneur en humidité des fibres pendant l'encollage et/ou la désagrégation des agglomérats de fibres.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres on augmente d'au moins 25% la vitesse du courant air/fibres après l'encollage.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres on augmente d'au moins 100% la vitesse du courant air/fibres après l'encollage.
  13. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant une tour (4), qui présente une ouverture de remplissage (18) pour les fibres à encoller, des moyens (8,10,12) pour appliquer de la colle, agencés dans la tour (4) ou dans sa paroi (6), ainsi qu'une sortie (20) pour les fibres encollées, un dispositif (22,26) étant raccordé à cette sortie (20) pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres par production de turbulences dans un courant air/fibres.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (8) pour appliquer la colle sont réalisés sous la forme de buses.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que des moyens (14) pour introduire de l'air ou d'autres gaz dans la tour sont agencés dans la tour (4) ou dans la paroi (6) de la tour.
  16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (14) pour introduire de l'air ou d'autres gaz dans la tour sont réalisés sous la forme de buses, qui sont agencées dans la tour (4) ou dans la paroi (6) de la tour.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que des moyens pour faire tourbillonner et/ou transporter les fibres sont agencés dans la tour (4) et/ou sur la paroi (6) de la tour.
  18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 13 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (8) pour appliquer de la colle, les moyens (14) pour introduire de l'air ou d'autres gaz et/ou les moyens pour faire tourbillonner et/ou transporter les fibres, en particulier des buses, sont réalisés réglables.
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la tour (4) est disposée verticale, oblique ou transversale.
  20. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la tour (4) est réalisée avec une section progressive au moins dans une partie.
  21. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (22) pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres comprennent un rotor.
  22. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (22) pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres comprennent des tamis, déflecteurs ou analogues.
  23. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, 21 ou 22 , caractérisé en ce que la puissance des moyens (22) pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres est réglable.
  24. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un séparateur à air (28) est disposé en raccordement avec les moyens (22) pour désagréger les agglomérats de fibres, les fibres passant dans un courant air/fibres par ce séparateur dans lequel l'air excédentaire est séparé du courant air/fibres.
  25. Dispositif selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce qu'entre le séparateur à air (28) et les moyens (14) pour introduire de l'air dans la tour (4), sont agencées des conduites (16) par lesquelles l'air séparé du courant air/fibres est au moins pour partie ramené dans la tour (4).
  26. Dispositif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que des moyens pour régler la température et/ou des moyens pour régler l'humidité de l'air sont agencés dans ou sur les conduites (16) qui sont installées entre le séparateur à air (28) et les moyens (14) pour introduire de l'air dans la tour (4).
  27. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres ayant une humidité de fibre inférieure à 100% dans un dispositif selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 13 à 26, dans lequel en fonction de la masse de fibres à encoller et/ou de la proportion de colle à appliquer par masse unitaire de fibres, on règle les moyens pour appliquer la colle, individuellement, par groupes ou ensemble, de façon qu'ils introduisent dans la tour une proportion chaque fois déterminée de colle par unité de temps.
  28. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle des moyens pour introduire de l'air dans la tour et/ou des moyens pour faire tourbillonner les fibres, de façon à maintenir un tourbillonnement prédéterminé des fibres et/ou un trajet prédéterminé du courant air/fibres.
  29. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon la revendication 27 ou 28, dans lequel on détecte la masse de fibres introduites dans la tour par unité de temps et l'humidité des fibres, et dans lequel on règle la température et/ou l'humidité de l'air dans la tour en fonction de l'humidité des fibres et de la masse de fibres.
  30. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon la revendication 29, dans lequel on détecte en outre la température des fibres introduites dans la tour et on la prend en compte pour régler la température et/ou l'humidité de l'air dans la tour.
  31. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon l'une des revendications 27 à 30, caractérisé en ce qu'on établit un profil de température et/ou d'humidité de l'air dans la tour entre l'ouverture d'entrée et la sortie.
  32. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon l'une des revendications 27 à 30, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle la consistance et/ou la température de la colle à appliquer sur les fibres en fonction de l'humidité des fibres et/ou de la température des fibres à encoller.
  33. Procédé pour piloter l'application de colle sur des fibres selon l'une des revendications 27 à 32, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle la consistance de la colle à appliquer sur les fibres en fonction de l'humidité de l'air dans la tour.
EP98954176A 1997-09-16 1998-09-15 Procede d'enduction de fibres a la colle Expired - Lifetime EP1017550B1 (fr)

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DE19740676 1997-09-16
DE19740676A DE19740676C2 (de) 1997-09-16 1997-09-16 Verfahren zum Beleimen von Fasern
PCT/DE1998/002736 WO1999014023A1 (fr) 1997-09-16 1998-09-15 Procede d'enduction de fibres a la colle

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JP (1) JP2001516657A (fr)
CN (1) CN1270549A (fr)
AT (1) ATE211960T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU732714B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9812455A (fr)
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DE (3) DE19740676C2 (fr)
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DE102004001527B4 (de) * 2004-01-10 2006-02-16 Büttner Gesellschaft für Trocknungs- und Umwelttechnik mbH Anlage und Verfahren zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten u. dgl. Holzwerkstoffplatten

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US6902125B2 (en) 2000-05-24 2005-06-07 Fritz Schneider Process and device for disintegrating irregularities in flows of wood fibres
DE10025177B4 (de) * 2000-05-24 2004-04-15 Flakeboard Company Limited, St.Stephen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auflösung von Ungleichmäßigkeiten in Holzfaserströmen
DE10059881B4 (de) * 2000-12-01 2005-06-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Anlage zur Faseraufbereitung
ITMO20010033A1 (it) * 2001-02-23 2002-08-23 Imal Srl Metodo ed apparecchiatura per aggiungere collante ad un flusso di materiale legnoso incoerente
DE10153593B4 (de) * 2001-11-02 2005-11-17 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Benetzen von Holzfasern mit einem Bindemittelfluid
DE10247412C5 (de) * 2002-10-11 2010-07-01 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten und dergleichen Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE10247413B4 (de) * 2002-10-11 2009-05-07 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten oder dergleichen Holzwerkstoffplatten
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PL2431144T3 (pl) * 2010-09-15 2013-02-28 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Sposób i urządzenie do nasycania na mokro klejem włókien drzewnych
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CN104162921A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 北京泛欧瑞得科技有限公司 一种用于纤维板的喷浆管高压定量节胶工艺
US20150107749A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 Unilin, Bvba Process and Device for Gluing Dried Fibers Designated for the Production of Fiberboards
DE102016006499B3 (de) * 2016-05-28 2017-12-28 Fritz Schneider Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von zur Herstellung von Faserplatten vorgesehenen, mit Leim benetzten Fasern
DE102019114039A1 (de) * 2019-05-26 2020-11-26 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Vorrichtung zur Beleimung von Partikeln im Zuge der Herstellung von Werkstoffplatten und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung
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DE10247414A1 (de) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-29 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten o. dgl. Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE10247414B4 (de) * 2002-10-11 2009-04-02 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten o. dgl. Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE102004001527B4 (de) * 2004-01-10 2006-02-16 Büttner Gesellschaft für Trocknungs- und Umwelttechnik mbH Anlage und Verfahren zum Beleimen von Fasern für die Herstellung von Faserplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten u. dgl. Holzwerkstoffplatten

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DE19740676C2 (de) 2003-07-17
DE29880083U1 (de) 2000-12-28
AU1142399A (en) 1999-04-05
AU732714B2 (en) 2001-04-26
BR9812455A (pt) 2000-10-03
DE19740676A1 (de) 1999-03-18
CA2304232A1 (fr) 1999-03-25
DE59802663D1 (de) 2002-02-21
EP1017550A1 (fr) 2000-07-12
NZ502760A (en) 2001-11-30
JP2001516657A (ja) 2001-10-02
CN1270549A (zh) 2000-10-18
WO1999014023A1 (fr) 1999-03-25
ATE211960T1 (de) 2002-02-15

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