EP1519818B1 - Technologie de presse mdf - Google Patents

Technologie de presse mdf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1519818B1
EP1519818B1 EP02807596A EP02807596A EP1519818B1 EP 1519818 B1 EP1519818 B1 EP 1519818B1 EP 02807596 A EP02807596 A EP 02807596A EP 02807596 A EP02807596 A EP 02807596A EP 1519818 B1 EP1519818 B1 EP 1519818B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glue
fibers
solid wood
wood components
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02807596A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1519818A1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Stutz
Dr. Dieter DÖHRING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
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Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
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Publication of EP1519818A1 publication Critical patent/EP1519818A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/253—Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood particles such as fibers or chip manufactured component.
  • a method is given for the Production of the component.
  • a production process for the production of a wood fiber board is from the German journal HK 1/88, pages 74 to 75, "Production of MDF boards", known.
  • Cooked chips are fed to a so-called refiner.
  • the refiner will be the Wood chips processed into fibers and under supply of Temperature and pressure with the help of painting discs.
  • the fibers are transported out with the help of steam and forwarded by means of a line called "blow-line". Of the Vapor pressure is about 10 bar.
  • the temperature is about 150 to 160 ° C.
  • glue is added.
  • glue are phenolic resins, urea resins or urea mixed resins and melamine used. Following the addition of glue expands the "Blow-Line" on. A turbulence is caused by the Widening causes.
  • the glue mixes with the fibers. Of the Leimanteil is relative to the fibers at about 22 wt .-%.
  • the "blow-line" opens in the middle of a drying tube.
  • the Drying tube has a diameter of e.g. 2.60 m up.
  • By the drying tube is air with a temperature of 160 ° C, blown through from 220 to 240 ° C.
  • the humidity is reduced from 100% to 8 to 11%.
  • the case resulting, contaminated with non-aqueous materials steam is in subsequent cyclones separated from the fibers and over Chimneys fed to the environment.
  • the glued fibers become layered one Fed molding machine.
  • the fibers are pressed here in two phases. First, a pre-pressing takes place.
  • the pre-pressed fibers are then applied using high pressure and Supply of heat pressed to the plate.
  • the professional world has determined that the plates split when the temperature during the Compressing to the plate 150 ° C below and, for example, 140 ° C. is. The temperatures are therefore during the pressing typically at 180 ° C.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce production costs.
  • a plate produced according to the method comprises the characteristics of the secondary claim.
  • the inventors have found that only the high Temperatures escaping water vapor for cleavage responsible for. Will not steam when pressing or at least only to a limited extent as a result of sufficiently low levels Temperatures generated, so there is no splitting.
  • the split can be avoided by the temperatures during the Pressing chosen low enough. It is important that no or only little water vapor development during the Pressing occurs. Temperatures below 120 ° C already proven sufficient. Preferably, the Temperature range between room temperature and 95 ° C. Especially preferably is pressed at temperatures up to 60 ° C. The Press speed does not become due to supply of heat or at best hardly influenced. A delay may occur during pressing if necessary, occur when the wood components, for example first to be brought to temperature in the press. A Delay occurs in this case because the heating up a time delay.
  • the fibers with the resin at temperatures of For example, 200 ° C pressed, so cure the resins, the typically used, complete or near completely off.
  • the resin does not cure, or at least only Insignificant when it is at temperatures below 120 ° C. along with the wood shavings, wood fibers, sawdust or Mixtures thereof is pressed.
  • the expert was of the opinion the resin has to harden to provide a surface Components such as panels made of wood-based materials can be achieved which is free from defects.
  • the resins used are in the form of low molecular weight components. Curing means that the crosslink low-molecular constituents, so that These form a stable network.
  • the device produced according to the method differs from the prior art in particular in that the used Resins are not cured.
  • the resin used unchanged or almost unchanged in the Product can be found. So it has no chemical Conversion and no or virtually no chemical crosslinking occurred.
  • the plate produced at sufficiently low temperatures is especially used as a semi-finished product.
  • This one is in one Embodiment of the invention together with decorative paper, Tracing paper and other components of a Laminatfuß foundeds fed in a known manner to a press. Now is at temperatures above 150 ° C, preferably above 180 ° C pressed. The upper limit of the temperature is reached when this leads to damage to the product.
  • a typical density of the plate produced according to the method is 650 kg / m 3 .
  • the plate should have been pressed so hard that a density of 300 kg / m 3 , preferably from 400 kg / m 3 , more preferably from 500 kg / m 3 is not exceeded, in order to arrive at a stable and thus easy to handle plate , Typically, the density of the plate is below 1000 kg / m 3 .
  • the plate is pressed to the final product, for example to a coated board for laminate flooring, it can be compressed to above 1500 kg / m 3 , more preferably above 2000 kg / m 3 .
  • the density is 2400 kg / m 3 .
  • the resin content in the plate is 7.5, for example Weight percent, when the manufactured plate as a floor in shape to be used by panels.
  • the Resin content typically 2.5 weight percent.
  • the hard content should be 35 Do not exceed weight percent. Because of economical reasons The limit of about 10 weight percent of resin should not be crossed, be exceeded, be passed. A lower limit at which the process is still works, is about 1 percent by weight.
  • the resins used are reactive resins, ie resins Components that can chemically build a network.
  • reactive resins are: solid or liquid phenolic resins, Amino resins such as urea resins, melamine resins, Acrylate resins, epoxy resins and / or polyester resins.
  • In one embodiment of the invention may be made of wood First cut wood chips into solid and liquid components become.
  • the solid wood components are dried as well as with Glue, so provided reactive resins.
  • the fixed ones provided with glue Wood components become a shaped body, so for example a plate pressed.
  • the liquid ingredients include in particular lignin and Hemicellulose. These substances cause during during the Drying prevailing temperatures emissions leading to a Cause odor and thus environmental pollution. By doing this liquid components are separated before drying according to emissions during and / or following the drying decreased. The environment is correspondingly less burdened in the plate production.
  • the liquid ingredients are preferred at temperatures disposed of and / or further processed, where only minor Emissions occur.
  • the liquid Ingredients in particular lignin and hemicellulose as Used glue, so according to the invention with the dried solid Wood components mixed.
  • the solid wood components become preferably further processed into fibers or chips.
  • the liquid ones Ingredients may, for example, in a so-called agitator of be separated from the solid wood components.
  • the aforementioned Ingredients that are obtained are typically: 20 to 35 wt .-% hemicellulose, 45 to 50 wt .-% cellulose and 20 to 35 Weight% lignin.
  • the cellulose is an integral part of the wood.
  • Wood chips are in one embodiment, first in a Put in a stuffing screw. From the stuffing screw get the chips in the compressed state in one Cooking container inside and are cooked here at high pressure. Of the Cooking container is designed for high pressures. Of the Pressure in the cooking vessel is in particular at least 1.2 to 2.2 MPa (12 to 22 bar). According to the prior art Wood chips usually at pressures of only 0.8 to 0.9 MPa cooked.
  • the solid Wood components cellulose from lignin and hemicellulose, which represent liquid components, separated.
  • the cellulose is solid Form before.
  • the other two components Lignin and Hemicellulose are liquid and can basically be used as a glue be used.
  • the bond strength is predominantly of the Hemicellulose causes.
  • the liquid ingredients can be used as a glue. This is environmentally friendly thereby allowing the liquid Components of a wood only at low temperatures, especially at temperatures well below 100 ° C, especially below 70 ° C, more preferably below from 50 ° C a gas and odor-proof encapsulated system leave and in this cool state for example on the fibers be applied. In this way, it is possible Environmental impact in a particularly economical way decrease.
  • the gas-tight system consists for example of the container together with connected lines.
  • Another container for example serves for cooling, can be part of the gas-tight system.
  • the glue undesirable one Exposed to temperature treatment. From about 80 ° glue is namely disadvantageously charged or activated. Activated glue is for the subsequent processing step, wherein the glued solid Wood components are pressed to the plate, no longer usable.
  • HDF, MDF and chipboard are currently being used Leim used on a formaldehyde-urea basis. Become Plates made for the floor area, so will the glue Added melamine. This is to prevent the swelling, which can occur due to moisture.
  • an MDF board can have about 60 kg of glue per m 3 . This amount can be significantly reduced if glue is applied in a relatively cool state.
  • Hemicellulose as well as lignin are in one embodiment of the Invention cooled or cool state on the solid Wood components applied as a glue. You can cool in the or cool state mixed with another glue advantageous become.
  • the other glue was not liquid Components of the wood won.
  • the proportion of hemicellulose and lignin in the gluing mixture thus provided preferably not more than 20% by weight.
  • the mixture contains about In particular, a glue on a formaldehyde-urea basis. Furthermore, the glues used in the prior art be used.
  • the fixed Wood components dried first and then with glue the dried ingredients mixed at temperatures that are substantially below the drying temperatures and that especially below 100 ° C. This will avoid the glue undesirable to the relatively hot temperatures is exposed, the occur during drying.
  • the glue also contributes to emissions in the prior art. By this now no longer the hot drying temperatures exposed but at relatively cool temperatures to the solid Wood components are brought, are derived from the glue Emissions also avoided. So it will be in the dryer or Drying tube only water, but no chemicals dried. This results in corresponding environmental benefits, as the Dry air is not detrimental with vapors, which according to the state the technology of glue, is charged. Corresponding environmentally friendlier manages the production of the plates. Besides this embodiment has the advantage that parts of the glue not adversely activated during the drying process and thus for the actual bonding of the Wood components to the plate are no longer available.
  • the solid wood components are advantageous not with liquid components of the wood-based material as well as in the aforementioned embodiment also not burdened with glue.
  • the corresponding liquid phases are therefore also in the dryer not dried. Compared to the state of the art saved considerable amounts of energy. The saving of energy not only results in significant cost advantages, but also protects you also natural resources and thus the environment.
  • the amount of glue needed for board production is reduced. It succeeds in reducing to 45 to 55 kg per m 3 plate. A typical value is 50 to 52 kg per m 3 plate.
  • a significant size to the appropriate gluing of fibers or to cause chips is the "right" ratio of solid Wood components to glue.
  • According to the invention are therefore in a Design of the process the solid wood components before the Gluing fed a belt scale. Be on the belt scale the solid wood components on the one hand by means of a circulating conveyor transported on the other Side they are weighed. This will get the information what amount of glue to the solid wood components of the wood in the is to be added to the next step.
  • the solid wood components are by means of the belt weigher to the Subsequent device passed. Possible Weight fluctuations of the supplied solid wood components are recorded during the transport, registered and in one Embodiment stored. These data are processed and can serve as a manipulated variable for the amount of glue that subsequently applied to the solid wood components.
  • the Transport speed at the belt scale controlled so that a uniform amount of solid wood components of subsequent gluing device (device in which the fixed Wood components are provided with glue) is supplied.
  • a speed change of the indentation is thus a constant amount of material to the following facilities fed.
  • the weight measurement of solid wood components used in Form of fibers or chips can be present in smallest steps and allows a uniform Feeding the solid wood components with an accuracy of for example ⁇ 1%.
  • the gluing is therefore done in a mixer, in the glue and solid wood components are mixed together.
  • the mixer has in one embodiment of the invention means for Cooling his case on.
  • an at least partially double-walled Housing for example, provided a double-walled tube, which is part of the housing of the mixer.
  • a cooled liquid so for example cooled water, is through the double-walled Housing passed to the mixer or its walls to cool. Due to the cooling inside a condensation layer arise on the walls. Accordingly, the cooling interpreted.
  • the condensation layer causes with glue provided solid wood components do not adhere to the walls stay and plug the mixer.
  • a curtain made of solid wood components or formed mat is in one embodiment in the mixer introduced.
  • the curtain or the mat is then through nozzles with an air-glue mixture.
  • About the nozzles is the glue So fed to the curtain or the mat.
  • the Curtain or mat preferably contactless through the mixer passed. Through the contactless implementation is a Adherence of solid wood components to walls beneficial avoided. Pollution problems and associated costs will be reduced.
  • the glue is mixed with air especially at a temperature from 40 to 70 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 55 to 60 ° C in the dried solid wood components of the wood are blown in. This ensures that the glue has a dry outer skin reached. It is therefore activated minimally. This will be improved achieved that the subsequent mixture of solid Wood components and glue not to transport facilities and Devices, such as sticking inside the mixer.
  • the glue is heated with Air swirls and this air-glue mixture is dried solid wood components, such as fibers or chips added.
  • the warm air for example, over a cabin along with the glue and the dried solid Wood components introduced into the mixer activates the Surfaces of the glue droplets generated thereby something. hereby is an adhesion of solid wood components subsequent facilities, such as mixer walls, suitably counteracted. Otherwise, for example, would have the Mixers are cleaned in no time. The production would then stopped disadvantageously. Unwanted cleaning costs also apply accordingly.
  • This considerable economic Disadvantages are over the disadvantage that glue a little bit is activated, weighed and compared. By a few tests can be determined by the expert, how far the glue To activate on its surface is to become optimal economic result. The proportion of activated glue will always be low compared to the prior art.
  • glue-containing solid wood components are preferably included in one Riser, which in particular 10 to 30 m, preferably about 20 m is long.
  • the diameter of the riser is in particular at 1 to 4 meters.
  • the riser is preferably also cooled and in turn then, for example, double-walled to a coolant between to pass the two walls of a double wall.
  • objective is in turn the formation of a layer of condensation on the Inner walls of the riser so that the glued solid Wood components do not stick to the walls.
  • the solid wood components especially if they are in the form of fibers, with a Speed of at least 25 meters per second, preferably at least 35 meters per second through the Riser should be passed. Is the speed lower, so remain fibers or chips despite the aforementioned Measures on the riser reinforced adhere. This would be the Unnecessarily quickly pollute the riser. As lower Speeds have been provided, had the riser already cleaned after 8 hours. By setting a The cycles could take 7 to 8 days be extended. So it just had to be that every week Riser be cleaned.
  • the maximum speed with which the glue is affected solid wood components blown through the riser depends on the performance of subsequent ones Components or facilities from.
  • a Upper limit of 40 meters per second can be realized easily. From 50 meters per second were the previously used overloaded following components.
  • the upper Speed limit can be increased as soon as more powerful downstream components are available. Basically, that means higher transport speeds in the Riser are beneficial because then pollution problems and concomitant production stoppages accordingly be reduced.
  • the solid wood components by means of a Bandes transported to the press and pressed here to the plate.
  • the press is preferably made of pressed against each other, circulating press belts, which are suitably tempered. So can be pressed continuously.
  • the temperature is from Expert to vote on the glue used.
  • the Amount of energy and the resulting temperatures for the two press belts are therefore in one embodiment chosen differently, so as to make a delay in the produced To avoid plate.
  • On a tempering of the press can However, according to the invention are completely dispensed with.
  • Nozzles over which glue spreads solid wood components in one Embodiment of the invention is added are preferred cone-shaped.
  • the glue then passes through the apex of the cone droplet-like, so that thereby a uniform distribution the glue is advantageously promoted, so improved.
  • the accompanying stoppage of production must ensure that the example emerging from nozzles glue subsequent Tools such as tools in the mixer are not contacted.
  • the glue is therefore preferred directly in the direction of the solid Wood components steered, in particular injected, so to achieve as uniform a distribution as possible. Otherwise it is then in particular to a sufficient distance between nozzles and subsequent tools in a mixer.
  • the distance between Tools in the mixer and the nozzles at least 1 meter, preferably at least 2 meters should be when the glue injected horizontally.
  • the solid wood components become then introduced perpendicular to the beginning of the mixer and in this transported horizontally.
  • the specified concrete Distance values of course, only refer to a specific one Individual case. They are not universal, as it finally turns up The speed arrives, with the glue from the nozzles exit.
  • stirring devices are used as tools in a mixer used, which is a mixture of solid wood components with cause the glue.
  • the tools in the mixer are in one embodiment at one attached centrally mounted axle and consist of star-shaped projecting rods, which are similar to a rudder blade in one go over flat area. Overall, a star is off to Example four tools formed. So every two tools close an angle of 90 °. Compared to the air flow through the Mixer flows, the rudder blades are tilted. This will achieved a turbulence of the air and thus a good Mixing the solid wood components with the glue.
  • Several tools formed by "stars" are in uniform Fixed distances to the axle. The solid wood components are then transported parallel to the axis by the mixer. In general, the tools are so in particular To procure that in addition to the solid wood components air swirls becomes. Are propeller-like or propeller-like tools so to prefer.
  • a curtain is preferred as follows generated.
  • a means of transport such as a conveyor belt or a Belt scale is at the end with at least one, preferably with provided several rolls.
  • the roller (s) become the solid Wood components passed.
  • the rollers are in particular pressed against each other. Remains a gap between two rollers or a roller and an adjacent surface, so this is basically harmless. This ensures that through the Roll a kind of curtain or mat from the solid Wood components is formed. So it is the curtain shape through produces the rolls.
  • a conveyor belt since this a uniform supply of solid wood components, the especially wholly or predominantly in the form of fibers, guaranteed to the rollers. If a belt scale is used, then In one embodiment, the rate of delivery is increased
  • the rollers are controlled so that the rollers a particularly constant amount of solid wood components is supplied.
  • worms are regularly used for Transport of solid wood components in the production of Inserted plates. Solid wood components leave snails but relatively uneven. A correspondingly uneven The curtain formed from the solid wood components would be the Episode. A uniform thicker and wider curtain is beneficial to to achieve a uniform glue distribution. Besides, that's how it is achieved that the curtain injected glue from subsequent Reliably separates tools.
  • rollers are in one embodiment used more than two rollers, through which the solid Wood components passed through to create a curtain become.
  • the rollers are preferably offset one above the other arranged that an acute angle of the rolls with a Transport means such as a conveyor belt or the Belt scale is included. This can provide enough material added to the transport, so for example on the Belt scales are given to a sufficiently large amount to process solid wood components evenly.
  • the opening through which the from the solid wood components existing curtain in one embodiment in or before the Mixer is performed preferably corresponds to the maximum width of the Mixer housing, so for example the diameter of the said tube, which also forms the walls of the mixer. This ensures that the entire width in the mixer through the curtain is covered. Otherwise, glue could be attached to the remaining openings laterally past the curtain into the interior Inject the mixer, and the aforementioned Pollution problems would occur.
  • the lateral walls of the mixer are preferred in practice cooled to 7 to 15 ° C, in particular to 10 to 12 ° C. To this way it is achieved that a layer of condensation on the Settles walls. The condensation layer causes sticking avoided.
  • the temperatures mentioned are also suitable for the formation of a Condensation layer on the inner walls within the Riser.
  • a gaseous medium such as air for the transport of Fibers with the glue provided by the mixer
  • the Nozzle for feeding glue in an embodiment of the invention a distance to the housing of the mixer. Before an opening of the mixer housing are then the nozzles. Between nozzles and opening thus leaving a gap or annular gap, over the air entrained and fed so suitable. Furthermore can in this embodiment, the air through the gap or Annular gap is introduced, preheated to a desired To provide temperature in the mixer, in particular a so to promote desirable activation of the glue on the surface.
  • Tools inside the mixer are in one embodiment attached to an axle. Ring around the axis are then the nozzles arranged to feed glue so as to fibers evenly provided with glue.
  • the fibers or of fibers existing curtains are then preferred perpendicular to the axis supplied between nozzles and tools.
  • the diameter of the mixer will be nozzles in one or in several rows arranged annularly. With a correspondingly large Diameter will glue the entire opening of the mixer sprayed by a second row of nozzles ring around the Axis is arranged around.
  • the fibers consisting of solid wood components are used in an embodiment of the invention additionally glass fibers or Added plastic fibers.
  • the addition takes place in particular in or immediately before the mixer. This can be particularly good plate-like moldings are produced, for example as Interior trim to be provided in a car. Such molded panels can be used in the automotive industry, for example be used as hat rack. It is enough, then Layer system only vorzupressen. A final press step does not have to be performed.
  • Moldings of the aforementioned type are also used in the furniture industry used. Such moldings are z. B. needed for doors that out Design reasons are specially shaped.
  • the pre-pressing takes place at much lower pressures than the actual pressing step.
  • the pre-pressure can be only one-third of the pressure that is used for the actual pressing step.
  • the actual pressing step can be carried out at pressures of 75 to 80 kg / cm 2 .
  • the proportion of glass fibers and / or plastic fibers in a molded part is up to 25 wt .-%, preferably up to 15 wt .-%, to arrive at cost-effective results. At least 1% by weight, particularly preferably at least 5% by weight should be bound to glass fibers be used.
  • Wood fibers for the production of molded wood fibers for the production of MDF or HDF boards for Panels, in particular used for floor panels, is also independent of the others mentioned here inventive measures and features particularly economical compared to the state of the art.
  • the two are vapor-deposited from outside outer major surfaces of the layer. This can be done simultaneously with a prepress or densification of the layer happen.
  • a vapor-permeable conveyor belt the layered solid wood components between transported two rigid plates. A plate is then below the conveyor belt and the other above the Conveyor belt. The distance between the two plates can be in Transport direction decrease so that thereby the layer is compressed.
  • About located in the plates nozzles is the Layer steamed.
  • the moisture in the Surface area of the layer is then in particular at least 2% by weight, for example up to 4% by weight and thus for example, increased from 7 wt .-% to 9 to 11 wt .-%.
  • the Temperature of the steam is typically 100 to 130 ° C.
  • the layer or the already compacted layer of solid, with glue provided wood components may be shared in one embodiment so that, so to speak, two superimposed layers available.
  • the layer for this on one Transported conveyor belt Above and across the conveyor belt a band or a rail is arranged so that this on the transport belt located layer divides.
  • a vapor deposition To the band or to The rail is followed by a vapor deposition, which itself located in this way between the two layers.
  • the adjacent sides of the two resulting from division Layers or at least one of them is described as before steamed to allow faster press times.
  • the upper layer lies on the lower on.
  • the vaporized layers are in the press transported and pressed here to the plate.
  • the vaporization causes a direct or indirect rapid Heating the fibers provided with glue directly and / or when pressing succeeds.
  • the panels have hard outer layers and a soft Inner layer have.
  • the impact sound be reduced advantageous. Is targeted the surface steamed and if the interior remains relatively dry, then the Pressed surfaces. The reason for this is, among other things, that Moist material can be pressed better than dry material. Surface areas are thus densely compressed.
  • the Pre-evaporation it is also possible to increase the temperature Taxes. This makes it possible to harder in an improved way Outer layers compared to the middle layer to arrive.
  • the steam additives can also be added to the Hardening contribute. So will the desired hard surfaces get further improved if the surfaces before the Pressing is steamed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a belt scale 1 and a subsequent mixer 2.
  • dried fibers which were produced from wood chips, fed via an opening of a housing 4 of the belt scale 1.
  • a slope 5 directs the incoming fibers onto the belt of the belt scale.
  • the belt scale detects and controls the amount of material that is transported in the direction of the three rollers 6.
  • the three rollers 6 are arranged one above the other and offset so that they include an acute angle alpha with the belt weigher 1.
  • the fibers on the belt scale reach this acute angle. They pass through the rotating rollers 6.
  • a curtain is formed from the fibers, which is transported vertically downward along the arrow 7 due to gravity. The curtain thus enters the mixer 2, specifically between a plurality of nozzles 8 and tools 9.
  • the mixer consists of a tubular housing.
  • the housing is formed by a double wall 10 and 11.
  • an axis 12 is arranged, on which the tools 9 are attached.
  • a tool 9 closes with the axis 12 a right angle.
  • Each four rudder blade-like tools 9 are summarized in a star shape. Several of these summarized Tools are at regular intervals on the axis 12th attached.
  • the front area, in which the fiber Curtain is introduced, is free of tools. So will Ensures that a sufficiently large distance between the Tools 9 and the nozzles 8 is present. This distance is provided so that from the nozzles 8 leaking glue not impinges directly on the tools during operation.
  • the diameter of the housing of the mixer corresponds to the width the opening over which the fiber curtain in the Mixer is introduced.
  • the width of the curtain is to the width of the Adjusted opening.
  • the nozzles 8 are semicircular about the axis 12 arranged in an upper area. This will causes on the one hand the curtain evenly provided with glue and on the other hand, the glue emerging from the nozzles 8 is not impinges directly on parts of the mixer. Between the nozzles 8 and the housing 10, 11 is arranged a distance, so that a Type annular gap is formed. About this annular gap is air sucked. Not shown are means for heating the air, the is sucked. This creates a glue-air mixture.
  • the one with glue provided curtain (in other words a whole or predominantly made of fibers mat) is by the air flow transported parallel to the axis 12 through the mixer 2.
  • the axis rotates during transport and thus the tools 9. In doing so the glue is further mixed with the fibers.
  • Between the two Walls 10 and 11 of the double wall becomes a cooled liquid introduced to the inside of the mixer on its inner walls a Condensation layer to emerge.
  • FIG 2 is a plan view of the mixer parallel to the axis 12 shown. For clarity, only two Tools 9 drawn. With reference to FIG 2 is in particular a single-row, semi-circular arrangement of the nozzles in the upper Area clarified.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the method in FIG Overall context clarified.
  • hardwood or coniferous wood in the form of Logs, branches and / or sawmill and industrial lumber used as starting material hardwood or coniferous wood in the form of Logs, branches and / or sawmill and industrial lumber used.
  • the wood is first in Schnitzel with a size of crushed about 20 x 5 mm in a crusher 31. These schnitzel can also be taken directly from the forest or out Sawmills are coming. They can be screened to be too small or to separate too large particles. If the chips are the right one Size, they can be washed to be adhesive Foreign matter, especially sand and soil) to eliminate. So be Cutting and other tools in the later manufacturing and Processing process protected and not damaged.
  • the feed is typically in the ratio of about 6: 4 (60 Wt .-% shavings, 40 wt .-% sawdust). This way will Sawdust also recycled. Costs are lowered further. Resources of raw materials are spared. The proportion of chips should predominate, because of this fibers and later fiber mats arise, which stabilize mechanically. A lower limit for the Sawdust content is therefore not to be maintained.
  • Vorampf In Vorampf notioner 33 the wood components are mixed, pre-evaporated and heated at 60 to 70 ° C. For example by means of a stuffing screw, the wood components are then a cooker 34 supplied. In the cooker 34 are the Wood components about 2 to 3 minutes at a pressure of 11 to 16 bar and a temperature of 140 to 180 ° C cooked. Pressure and Temperature are chosen so that a splitting into liquid and solid wood components takes place.
  • the liquid components are separated from the solid and a line 36 which is gas-tight with the cooker 34th connect is.
  • the solid wood components become a shredding machine 36 (Refiner or defibrator) supplied.
  • the defibering machine 36 typically includes a stator and a rotor connected via a Motor to be driven.
  • the solid wood components are here decomposed into fibers.
  • the fibers that in one embodiment mix with sawdust are pneumatically fed to a drying tube 37.
  • the fibers are dried at 160 to 220 ° C. Drying is relatively quick and inexpensive, since the liquid wood components have already been removed.
  • the fibers From the drying tube, the fibers get into cyclones 38. Here is the steam is separated. Down are the fibers led out. The temperature of the fibers is then typically 50 ° C. The fibers are then in Glueing devices 39 at relatively cool Temperatures mechanically glued. The glued afterwards Fibers have a temperature of typically 35 to 40 ° C.
  • the glued fibers get into one or more Sighting devices 40.
  • the Sighting devices 40 heaters to the fibers at 55 to 60 ° C to warm.
  • the increase in temperature is then an advantage when the plates are pressed at temperatures of, for example, 80 ° C should be.
  • the pressing step can be accelerated as the desired temperature not exclusively by means of the heated Press must be achieved. Shorter press times lead to bigger ones Production capacities or lower acquisition costs of used presses with circulating belts, as these then can be shorter. Also, the space required for such presses lower. As a result, further costs are saved.
  • the pre-glued fibers become one or more Separating devices 41 supplied. Of the Separating devices 41 reach the pre-glued fibers a scattering station 42.
  • the scattering station 42 gives the pre-glued Fibers on a conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt feeds the fibers a pre-press 44.
  • the fibers are pre-pressed and so compacted.
  • the pre-press includes circulating belts, between the fed to the fibers and pressed it.
  • the fibers pass through a forming line 45, which passes through various Has facilities that make sure the fibers in the desired form.
  • the Formstrasse leads in one Embodiment to an evaporator 46. Here are steaming the fibers from above and / or below.
  • the fibers can divided parallel to the conveyor belt and steamed in the "inside" become.
  • the fibers finally reach the main press 47, which consists of two circulating pressed against each other steel strips.
  • the pressing takes place at 80 ° C.
  • the plates by means of a saw 48 sawn and fed to a holding device 49.
  • the plates are held so that they themselves do not touch.
  • the plates are cooled in this way.
  • the separated liquid components, the line 35th are supplied are sealed within the gas-tight Systems cooled. Are these liquid ingredients sufficient have been cooled, they are either disposed of or Gluing device 39 supplied.
  • the plates for example, continue to panels processed.
  • the plates are then for example with papers coated and the layer system fed to a press.
  • the coating system at temperatures above 150 ° C, for example at temperatures between 180 ° C and 230 ° C pressed.
  • the resins used then cure.
  • the plate will further sawn and provided with coupling elements by milling.
  • the panels can serve as a covering for walls or floors. If these are used as floor coverings, then the panels are open the decorative top with an abrasion-resistant, transparent layer Mistake.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'éléments de construction composés de fibres de bois, comportant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    application de colle sur des fibres de bois,
    pressage des fibres de bois munies de la colle pour former simultanément un panneau et des préformés, les fibres utilisées pour ce procédé provenant du même équipement, notamment du même équipement de broyage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des fibres de matière synthétique et / ou des fibres de verre sont ajoutées à des fibres de bois et que celles-là subissent un pressage avec lesdites fibres de bois pour former des préformés.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, au moyen duquel on fabrique des préformés destinés à l'industrie automobile et / ou à l'industrie des meubles.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, permettant l'utilisation des panneaux pour la fabrication de panneaux de sol.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où la colle utilisée est choisie parmi les résines d'urée, résines de mélamine, résines acrylates, résines époxy, résines polyester ou des mélanges de celles-ci.
  6. procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la colle est appliquée sur les fibres de bois, copeaux de bois et / ou la sciure de bois avec un durcisseur.
  7. Préformé pouvant être fabriqué selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des fibres de matière synthétique et / ou des fibres de verre.
  8. Préformé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme composant pour une voiture automobile ou un meuble.
  9. Préformé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste en une plage arrière ou un revêtement intérieur pour une voiture automobile.
  10. Préformé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant des couches de finition dures et une couche intérieure souple.
EP02807596A 2002-07-10 2002-12-24 Technologie de presse mdf Expired - Lifetime EP1519818B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20210718U 2002-07-10
DE20210718U DE20210718U1 (de) 2002-07-10 2002-07-10 MDF-Presstechnologie
PCT/EP2002/014751 WO2004007159A1 (fr) 2002-07-10 2002-12-24 Technologie de presse mdf

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EP1519818A1 EP1519818A1 (fr) 2005-04-06
EP1519818B1 true EP1519818B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

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US (2) US20030127763A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1519818B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1638928A (fr)
AT (1) ATE311965T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002356782A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2491656C (fr)
DE (2) DE20210718U1 (fr)
EA (1) EA007082B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2253587T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL372604A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004007159A1 (fr)

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ES2324784T3 (es) * 2003-11-07 2009-08-14 Formfiber Denmark Aps Un dispositivo de distribucion de fibra para conformado en seco de un producto fibroso.
DE20318290U1 (de) * 2003-11-26 2004-04-01 M. Kaindl Antistatisches Papier nebst Paneel
ITMO20040127A1 (it) * 2004-05-25 2004-08-25 Imal Srl Procedimento di incollaggio di frammenti o trucioli di legno per osb e apparato di incollaggio relativo.
DE102006058612A1 (de) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-19 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Optimierte Trägerplatte
DE102007012691B4 (de) * 2007-03-13 2016-05-12 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Platten aus Holzfasern und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte LDF-, MDF- und HDF-Platten
DE102008022841B4 (de) * 2008-05-08 2010-03-04 Kronotec Ag Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Spanplatten
CN101642924B (zh) * 2008-08-08 2011-09-14 仇峰 一种重组木及其制造方法
CN102555003B (zh) * 2012-01-11 2015-08-05 宁波大世界家具研发有限公司 一种木纤维复合材料制作的整体式木门
KR20140148033A (ko) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-31 (주)엘지하우시스 생분해성 수지 및 목분을 포함하는 판재 및 이의 제조방법
CN105233955B (zh) * 2015-11-10 2018-06-22 张沙 复合材料初加工装置及工艺
CN106087245A (zh) * 2016-07-01 2016-11-09 宁波华翔自然纤维科技有限公司 一种纤维毡材料及其制备方法和应用
CN106079027B (zh) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-27 辽宁蓝亿实业有限公司 一种增强板材隔音效果的中密度板制作方法
RS64121B1 (sr) * 2018-05-30 2023-05-31 Xylo Tech Ag Postupak za proizvodnju panela na bazi drveta
AU2020258486A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2021-12-02 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Method for coating a planar workpiece
DE102019114039A1 (de) * 2019-05-26 2020-11-26 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Vorrichtung zur Beleimung von Partikeln im Zuge der Herstellung von Werkstoffplatten und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung
WO2023217378A1 (fr) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-16 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Procédé, installation et étape d'expansion pour une installation pour la production de planches et planche

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE20210718U1 (de) 2003-02-20
WO2004007159A1 (fr) 2004-01-22
US20030127763A1 (en) 2003-07-10
US20060127659A1 (en) 2006-06-15
EA200401559A1 (ru) 2005-06-30
DE50205236D1 (de) 2006-01-12
CA2491656C (fr) 2007-09-11
CA2491656A1 (fr) 2004-01-22
ATE311965T1 (de) 2005-12-15
AU2002356782A1 (en) 2004-02-02
CN1638928A (zh) 2005-07-13
EA007082B1 (ru) 2006-06-30
PL372604A1 (en) 2005-07-25
ES2253587T3 (es) 2006-06-01
EP1519818A1 (fr) 2005-04-06

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