EP0963908B1 - Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0963908B1 EP0963908B1 EP99117191A EP99117191A EP0963908B1 EP 0963908 B1 EP0963908 B1 EP 0963908B1 EP 99117191 A EP99117191 A EP 99117191A EP 99117191 A EP99117191 A EP 99117191A EP 0963908 B1 EP0963908 B1 EP 0963908B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- folding
- lid
- blank
- head
- head flap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
- B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
- B65B19/22—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
- B65B19/228—Preparing and feeding blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/26—Folding sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/52—Folding sheets, blanks or webs by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
- Y10S493/901—Rigid container
- Y10S493/91—Cigarette container
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
- Y10S493/901—Rigid container
- Y10S493/91—Cigarette container
- Y10S493/911—Flip-top
Definitions
- the cigarette boxes of interest here are hard cup packs, which are commonly referred to as hinged-lid packs.
- she consist of blanks from a light cardboard.
- the blanks are around the contents of the pack in the form of an inner blank made of tin foil or one another slide wrapped cigarette blocks into a box part in one area a lid hinged to a rear wall of the box part.
- the Hinged lid pack thus has a hinged lid with which it can be opened can be closed again.
- the lower edge of the front wall of the Hinged lid is reinforced by an inwardly folded head flap to prevent damage to prevent the lid from being opened again.
- the head flap can be fixed on the inside of the front cover by gluing.
- US-PS 4 154 438 is a device for conveying blanks for Hinged-lid packs described for a packaging machine.
- This conveyor is a not shown folding station for folding one on the blank provided, but apparently not too wide head flap assigned,
- US-A-4 188 024 discloses a device according to the opening paragraph designated genre known, in which one of the interacting Folding organs serve as hold-downs for the lid front wall while the other a folding organ designed as a sliding folding finger when the head flap is folded over Coupling curve describes.
- the invention has for its object a further device of the beginning Specify the type described.
- the folding means two in the same direction rotating, interacting, the head flap successively around the folded edge a stationary folding strip that folds around and towards the inner surface of the front cover have oppressive folding organs, the head flap down first folding folding element running with its axis of rotation parallel to the folding edge of the folding strip from two identical rotating bodies arranged on a driven shaft exists, each of which interacts with the folding bar, the Head flap acting on the nose, and that the following Head flap upward folding organ between the rotating bodies of the first Folding member is arranged around a second shaft.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show different views in a schematic representation a device 1 according to the invention for folding a head flap on a Blank 2 of a hinged lid pack for cigarettes.
- the training of the blank 2 can best be seen in the top view of FIG. 1.
- Such a Box blank 2 also referred to as a blank, serves in the form of a hinged lid pack or hinged lid pack for the outer wrapping of one with inner wrapping film provided block-shaped cigarette group 3, such as that in 6 and 7, to which reference will be made later.
- the box blank 2 is composed of a in its central area Head flap 4, which is also referred to as inner lid flap, of a front wall of the lid 6, a top lid wall 7, a lid rear wall 8, a rear wall 9, a bottom wall 11 and a front wall 12 and on both sides of the above Box parts from outer lid side tabs 13, inner lid top tabs 14, inner lid side tab 16, inner side tab 17, inner bottom wall tab 18 and outside tabs 19 together.
- the individual blank walls and blanking flaps are dashed with each other shown, pre-embossed fold lines connected and shown with solid lines, stamped separation cuts.
- the head or lid inner flap 4 is wider than the lid front wall 6.
- the semicircular shaped side areas 21 of the head flap 4 protrude on both sides beyond the width of the front cover 6.
- This "extra-wide" head flap 4 becomes the inside at a crease line 22 the lid front wall 6 folded out and so placed on the lid front wall.
- the side areas 21 protrude a little into the area of the cover side tabs 13 into it, whereby the head flap 4 flaps up after the lid side flaps 13 is held mechanically in its folded position can be seen from FIG. 6 and can also be seen in FIG.
- the side areas 21 of the head flap 4 rest after the lid side tabs 13 have been set up this and keep the head flap 4 mechanically folded over in this way Position.
- the kink lines 23 can be weakened, e.g. be grooved.
- Figures 1 to 3 show a device for folding the head flap 4 and for bending the side areas 21 in three different views.
- a box blank 2 is by means of a conveyor, which in the illustrated embodiment has two toothed belts 24, in the direction of the arrow transverse to it Longitudinal orientation promoted in a folding station 27.
- the conveyors 24 are with stops 28 provided for the exact positioning of the blanks 2.
- Parallel to The conveyors 24 have support rails 29 for supporting the blank during transportation.
- the conveyor 24 is driven in steps and positions the blanks 2 one after the other in the folding station for processing 27.
- a transport device of this type is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,154 438 and described in detail.
- the folding station 27 are folding means 31 in the form of a stationary folding strip 32, a pivotable or rotating folding member 33 and a stationary Mouthpiece with side cheeks 34 assigned.
- the folding member 33 consists of two identical rotating bodies on one driven in the direction of arrow 36 (FIG. 2) Shaft 37. The drive of the shaft is shown schematically in FIG. 1 and at 38 designated.
- Each rotating body of the folding member 33 has a nose 39 which for folding the head flap 4 with the folding strip 32 and the side cheeks 34 of the Interacts with the mouthpiece.
- the axis of rotation of the folding member 33 runs parallel to the folding edge of the folding strip 32.
- the sequence of the folding process can be seen in FIGS. 2 to 5.
- the noses 39 of the folding member 33 rotating in the direction of arrow 36 according to FIG Head flap 4 and fold it around the fold edge of the fold bar 32, making it 3 between the stationary side cheeks 34 of the mouthpiece move through.
- the side areas 21 of the head flap 4 are attached to the Kink lines 23 bent.
- the first rotating folding member 33 acts second rotating folding member 41 together, which between the rotating bodies 33rd of the first folding member rotates around a second shaft 42.
- the second folding organ takes hold of the top flap 4 folded down from the first (see FIG. 4) and presses it further to the inner surface of the front cover 6 (see FIG. 5).
- the blank 2 After folding the head flap 4 as described in the folding station 27 the blank 2 is positioned in a press station 43 for processing.
- the pressing station 43 has a press 44 with a stationary upper die 46 and a lower die pivotable on a support 47 about an axis 48 49 on.
- the blank 2 with the head flap 4 folded according to FIG Figure 8 positioned press 44 positioned.
- press 44 By swiveling the carrier 47 in the direction of arrow 51 about pivot axis 48, lower die 49 is countered the upper die 46 moves, the head flap 4 against the inner surface of the Lid front wall 6 of the blank 2 is pressed. This creates the fold the head flap 4 stabilized to the extent that it can be folded in a later stage packing machine, not shown, is retained.
- the pressing surfaces 52 of the upper die 46 and 53 are Lower die 49 shown as flat surfaces, between which another Deformation of the blank 2 does not take place. This is the usual training of the pressing agent to stabilize the top flap.
- Figure 10 is one Formation of the upper die 46 and the lower die 49 shown that the simultaneous pre-bending of the side areas 21 of the head flap and the cover side tabs 13 of the front cover 6 allowed. At least that points to that Lower die 49 on side pressing surfaces 54, which converge obliquely to the pressing surface 53.
- the upper die 46 now presses the lid front wall 6 together with the head flap 4 against the pressing surfaces 53 and 54 of the lower die, that the side areas 21 and the lid side tabs 13 together on their intended bending lines are pre-bent.
- the press 44 can on the pre-bending of the side portions 21 of the head flap in the previous Folding station described in connection with Figures 1 to 5 was waived.
- the formation of the press according to FIG. 10 is therefore an alternative to the arrangement of a mouthpiece with side cheeks 34 in the folding station, which serves the same purpose, namely the pre-bending of the side areas the head flap.
- both described facilities can be provided for pre-bending the side regions 21.
- FIG. 6 shows that which has already been partially folded around a cigarette group 3 Blank 2, the lid fold is clearly visible.
- the side regions 21 of the head flap 4 the width of the front cover 6th protrude and are supported on the lid side tabs 13 as soon as these Lid side wall can be folded.
- the described pre-bending of the side areas 21 prevents the side areas 21 the cover wall to the outside can dent.
- FIG. 7 shows a hinged lid pack before the last folding process, in which the cover side tabs 13 and the outside tabs 19 for Side wall of the pack to be folded over.
- the side areas 21 of the head flap 4 can be seen, which protrude beyond the width of the pack and thereby the head flap 4 without gluing on the inside of the front wall of the lid 6 fix by supporting them laterally on the cover side tabs 13.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19720500 | 1997-05-16 | ||
DE19720500A DE19720500A1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1997-05-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
EP98108020A EP0878398B1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-05-02 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98108020A Division EP0878398B1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-05-02 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0963908A1 EP0963908A1 (de) | 1999-12-15 |
EP0963908B1 true EP0963908B1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=7829606
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99117191A Expired - Lifetime EP0963908B1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-05-02 | Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
EP98108020A Expired - Lifetime EP0878398B1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-05-02 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98108020A Expired - Lifetime EP0878398B1 (de) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-05-02 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6113525A (zh) |
EP (2) | EP0963908B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH1111416A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1093069C (zh) |
DE (3) | DE19720500A1 (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2153695T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1016552A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19720500A1 (de) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-19 | Topack Verpacktech Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
EG21600A (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 2001-12-31 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Blank for cigarette pack |
DE19840077C2 (de) * | 1998-09-03 | 2003-12-11 | Winkler & Duennebier Ag | Vorrichtung zum Verpacken von Gegenständen oder von Stapeln |
JP2001179859A (ja) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-03 | Okamoto Takeshi | 紙製箱の組立方法及び組立装置 |
DE10031319A1 (de) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-17 | Focke & Co | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Klappschachteln mit Schließhilfe |
EP1311384B1 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2006-11-15 | Ranpak Corp. | Dunnage conversion machine, method and dunnage product |
US6569073B1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2003-05-27 | Dell Products, L.P. | Telescoping platform assembly for packaging systems |
ITBO20020570A1 (it) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-03-11 | Gd Spa | Metodo e convogliatore di avanzamento di articoli. |
CN100457439C (zh) * | 2005-07-13 | 2009-02-04 | 蔡光起 | 一种整体式烟标纸双翻转盒盖折叠成型机构及折叠工艺 |
US9441337B2 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2016-09-13 | Michael John Lamore | Cable housing system |
US9901244B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2018-02-27 | Endochoice, Inc. | Circuit board assembly of a multiple viewing elements endoscope |
US8246527B2 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2012-08-21 | J&L Group International, Llc | Systems and methods for folding |
PL3138672T3 (pl) | 2011-11-10 | 2020-05-18 | Packsize Llc | Maszyna przekształcająca |
ZA201108826B (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-06-27 | Gossamer Machinery (Pty) Ltd | Method of erecting containers |
ITBO20120702A1 (it) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-22 | Gd Spa | Macchina impacchettatrice e metodo di incarto per realizzare un contenitore interno piegando uno sbozzato interno attorno ad un gruppo di articoli da fumo incartato. |
US10093438B2 (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2018-10-09 | Packsize Llc | Converting machine |
ITUB20154593A1 (it) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-13 | Gd Spa | Metodo ed unita di incarto per piegare uno sbozzato destinato a formare un contenitore in modo da realizzare una parete anteriore scatolata e due pareti laterali scatolate di un coperchio incernierato del contenitore. |
US10850469B2 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2020-12-01 | Packsize Llc | Box forming machine |
WO2017218296A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-21 | Packsize Llc | A box template production system and method |
CN106626514B (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-03-05 | 广东至远实业集团有限公司 | 一种烟盒包装自动封边机构及封边方法 |
US11242214B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2022-02-08 | Packsize Llc | Converting machine with fold sensing mechanism |
US11191316B2 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2021-12-07 | Fend Corp. | Collapsible helmet |
SE540672C2 (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2018-10-09 | Packsize Llc | Tool head positioning mechanism for a converting machine, and method for positioning a plurality of tool heads in a converting machine |
IT201800003032A1 (it) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-26 | Gima Tt S P A | Apparato di formatura di un collarino di un pacchetto doppio e linea di impacchettamento per la formazione di un pacchetto doppio. |
US11305903B2 (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2022-04-19 | Avercon BVBA | Box template folding process and mechanisms |
US11247427B2 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2022-02-15 | Avercon BVBA | Packaging machine infeed, separation, and creasing mechanisms |
US11634244B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2023-04-25 | Packsize Llc | Packaging machine and systems |
CN109335338A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种翻盖式烟包小盒 |
CN109455335B (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-09-15 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种异型多规格卷烟产品的商标折叠装置 |
CN109606784A (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-12 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种带过载保护的折叠器 |
CN111251655A (zh) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏劲嘉新型包装材料有限公司 | 一种包装纸盒自动折叠上板的设备 |
Family Cites Families (17)
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GB1467429A (en) * | 1973-09-05 | 1977-03-16 | Schmermund A | Method and apparatus for producing a container |
DE2463386C2 (de) * | 1974-08-21 | 1986-04-24 | Focke & Co, 2810 Verden | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Klappschachteln |
DE2440006C2 (de) * | 1974-08-21 | 1984-06-28 | Focke & Co, 2810 Verden | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von (quaderförmigen) Klappschachteln |
US4392338A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1983-07-12 | Molins Limited | Packets and the manufacture thereof |
IT1069471B (it) * | 1976-05-06 | 1985-03-25 | Gd Spa | Dispositivo di piegatura di materiale in foglio..particolarmente di sbozzati o fustellati di cartoncino o simili da alimentare ad una macchina condizionatrice di sigarette in pacchetti del tipo con coperchio incernierato hinged lid |
IT1069470B (it) | 1976-05-06 | 1985-03-25 | Gd Spa | Dispositivo trasportatore per l alimentazione di tratti di materiale in foglio..paritcolarmente di sbozzati o fustellati di cartoncino o simili..ad una macchina utilizzatrice..particolarmente ad una macchina condizionatrice di sigarette in pacchetti del tipo con coperchio incernierato hinged lid |
AU546425B2 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-08-29 | Bryant & May Ltd. | A method of, and apparatus for, manufacturing a flip-top box |
GB2091162B (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-02-27 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Method of flip-top boxes |
DE3218639A1 (de) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-24 | Martin Brinkmann AG Tabak- und Cigarettenfabriken, 2800 Bremen | Zuschnitt fuer eine zigarettenschachtel sowie hieraus gebildete zigarettenschachtel |
DE8715474U1 (de) * | 1987-11-21 | 1988-02-18 | Rotopack Gmbh Verpackungsmittelindustrie, 7000 Stuttgart | Zigaretten-Faltschachtel |
US4852734A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1989-08-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette package |
US5143282A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-09-01 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Apparatus and method for maintaining closed hinged lid boxes |
IT1242228B (it) * | 1990-10-18 | 1994-03-03 | Sasib Spa | Macchina impacchettatrice di sigarette, in particolare in pacchetti rigidi con coperchio a cerniera |
DE4241176B4 (de) * | 1992-12-08 | 2005-12-22 | Focke & Co.(Gmbh & Co. Kg) | Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Leim auf Zuschnitte für Klappschachteln |
IT1263425B (it) * | 1993-06-01 | 1996-08-05 | Gd Spa | Dispositivo piegatore. |
DE19720500A1 (de) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-19 | Topack Verpacktech Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Falten der Kopflasche eines Zuschnitts für eine Zigarettenschachtel |
IT1293236B1 (it) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-02-16 | Gd Spa | Metodo ed unita' di alimentazione di collari per pacchetti rigidi di sigarette ad una linea di impacchettamento continua. |
-
1997
- 1997-05-16 DE DE19720500A patent/DE19720500A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-05-02 EP EP99117191A patent/EP0963908B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-02 ES ES98108020T patent/ES2153695T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-02 ES ES99117191T patent/ES2167979T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-02 EP EP98108020A patent/EP0878398B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-02 DE DE59802331T patent/DE59802331D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-02 DE DE59800381T patent/DE59800381D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-13 JP JP10130503A patent/JPH1111416A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-15 CN CN98108463A patent/CN1093069C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-18 US US09/080,202 patent/US6113525A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-21 HK HK99101759A patent/HK1016552A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-19 US US09/552,507 patent/US6322486B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 CN CN00118086A patent/CN1110430C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1282699A (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
CN1110430C (zh) | 2003-06-04 |
EP0878398A1 (de) | 1998-11-18 |
JPH1111416A (ja) | 1999-01-19 |
US6113525A (en) | 2000-09-05 |
ES2153695T3 (es) | 2001-03-01 |
HK1016552A1 (en) | 1999-11-05 |
EP0963908A1 (de) | 1999-12-15 |
DE59800381D1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
DE59802331D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
CN1199699A (zh) | 1998-11-25 |
DE19720500A1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
US6322486B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
ES2167979T3 (es) | 2002-05-16 |
EP0878398B1 (de) | 2000-12-13 |
CN1093069C (zh) | 2002-10-23 |
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