EP0931215B1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents

Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0931215B1
EP0931215B1 EP98928123A EP98928123A EP0931215B1 EP 0931215 B1 EP0931215 B1 EP 0931215B1 EP 98928123 A EP98928123 A EP 98928123A EP 98928123 A EP98928123 A EP 98928123A EP 0931215 B1 EP0931215 B1 EP 0931215B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
valve seat
fuel injection
injection device
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98928123A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0931215A1 (de
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0931215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0931215A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0931215B1 publication Critical patent/EP0931215B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/704Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the control valve is designed as a single-acting flat seat valve, which controls the outlet of the drainage channel from the control chamber with its sealing surface.
  • the valve member of this control valve is actuated by a piston which has the pressure shoulder.
  • the piston is supported by a compression spring on a second piston, which in turn can be adjusted by the piezo drive and, with its end face, adjacent to the pressure shoulder, delimits the hydraulic pressure chamber.
  • This known control valve works so that it either opens or closes the drain channel. Accordingly, the injection valve member of the fuel injection valve assumes either an open or a closed position.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has against it the advantage that two valve seats are provided in the course of the drain channel, and the closing body with its sealing surfaces is adjusted from one valve seat when actuated by the piezo drive to the other valve seat in a single movement sequence, after an initial closure of the drain channel it being opened in the meantime via the valve space is then closed again.
  • this leads to a very brief relief of the control space, which results in the fuel injection valve member opening with a very short fuel injection as well.
  • very small injection quantities can advantageously be controlled, which are determined by the sequence of movements of the closing body from one valve seat to the other.
  • This sequence of movements is essentially dependent on a single excitation of the piezo drive and can therefore be limited to a very short period of time.
  • the time required for this injection can be kept technically much smaller than if the control valve for the same process of pre-injection is opened twice with a first excitation of the piezo drive and then closed by reducing the excitation with a fuel injection device of the generic type.
  • This switching always requires a time-consuming reversal of the movement of the control valve member and a time component must also be included, which is required for the respective change in the excitation state of the piezo drive.
  • the loss time for the control of the injection sequence pre-injection and main injection in the solution according to the invention is thus considerably less.
  • the fuel injection device it is possible according to the fuel injection device according to the invention to hold the closing body in an intermediate position, in the above position, by appropriate metering of the excitation of the piezo drive
  • the control chamber is relieved for a longer period of time and then the desired main injection quantity can then be injected following the pre-injection quantity introduced in the manner described above and an injection pause.
  • an injection can thus be realized in a highly precise manner in which exactly very small fuel pre-injection quantities are injected, exactly a period of time between the pre-injection and the main injection can be maintained and subsequently also in the usual manner also produces the main injection in a very precisely metered manner becomes.
  • the stroke of the closing body is matched to the actuating speed by the piezo drive in such a way that the desired pre-injection quantity is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of a fuel injection device of known type
  • FIG. 2 shows the design of the control valve for the fuel injection device according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows the movement sequence of the valve member of the control valve plotted over the stroke course of the injection valve member of the fuel injection valve.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device of a known type with a fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection valve housing 2 with a bore 3 in which an injection valve member 5 is guided. This has at one end a conical sealing surface 6 which cooperates with a conical valve seat 7 at the end of the bore.
  • Fuel injection openings 8 are arranged downstream of the valve seat 7 and are separated from a pressure chamber 9 when the sealing surface 6 is placed on the valve seat 7.
  • the pressure chamber 9 extends over an annular space 10 around the part 11 of the injection valve member, which adjoins the sealing surface 6 upstream and has a smaller diameter, towards the valve seat 7.
  • the pressure chamber 9 is in constant communication with a high-pressure fuel source 14 via a pressure line 12.
  • the part 11 of the injection valve member with a smaller diameter merges with a pressure shoulder 16 pointing towards the valve seat 7 into a part 18 of the injection valve member with a larger diameter.
  • This is tightly guided in the bore 3 and continues on the side facing away from the pressure shoulder 16 in a connecting part 19 up to a piston-shaped end 20 of the injection valve member.
  • this has a spring plate 22, between which and the housing 1 of the fuel injection valve a compression spring 21 is clamped, which acts on the fuel injection valve member in the closed position.
  • the piston-like end 20 defines an end face 24, the area of which is larger than that of the pressure shoulder 16, in the housing 2 of the fuel injection valve, a control chamber 25 which is in constant communication with the high-pressure fuel source 14 via a first throttle 26 and via a second throttle 27 arranged in a drain channel 28 is connected to a relief chamber 29.
  • the passage of the drain channel 28 is controlled by a control valve 31, with which the drain channel is either opened or closed.
  • the control valve 21 in the embodiment now designed according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the piston-like end 20 of the injection valve member is shown, which delimits the control chamber 25 in the fuel injection valve housing 2.
  • An inflow channel 33 containing the first throttle 26 opens into the control chamber, so that the control chamber 25 is continuously connected to the high-pressure fuel source 14.
  • the discharge channel 28 with the second throttle 27 leads away from the control chamber 25 coaxially to the piston-shaped end 20.
  • the drain channel opens into a valve chamber 35 and has a first valve seat 36 at the confluence thereof, which is preferably designed as a conical valve seat.
  • a likewise conical first sealing surface 37 of a closing body 38 interacts with this, which is adjustably arranged in the valve chamber 35 and on its side facing away from the first valve surface 37 has a second, likewise conical sealing surface 39, which with a corresponding position of the closing body 38 has a second valve seat 40, which is also conical, acts together.
  • the closing body 38 is located at the end of a plunger 42 which is guided in a guide bore 43 in the housing 2 of the fuel injection valve.
  • the guide bore 43 ends in an annular space 44, which extends between the guide bore 43 and the second valve seat 40 or the second sealing surface 39 and is delimited by the tappet 42 and the wall of the housing 2.
  • the annular space 44 is in constant communication with a further part 46 of the Drain channel leading to the relief chamber 29.
  • the guide bore 43 opens into a spring chamber 48, within which the plunger 42 has a spring plate 49, between which and the housing 2 of the fuel injector a compression spring 50 is supported, which acts on the plunger together with its closing body in the direction of the first valve seat 36.
  • the tappet From the spring chamber 48, the tappet continues in a guide bore into a hydraulic pressure chamber 52, which is enclosed by a first piston 53 at the end of a cylinder bore 54, which serves to guide this piston.
  • a second piston 56 is guided coaxially to the first piston 53 in a blind bore 57 of the first piston, which limits the pressure chamber 52 with its first end face 58 acting as a pressure shoulder and together with the adjacent end face 59 of the first piston 53 as a movable wall.
  • the second end face 60 of the second piston 56 includes a first relief region 61 in the blind bore 57, which passes through a bore 62 through the bottom of the first piston 53 into a second relief region 62.
  • a piezo drive 65 acts as a drive, which can be composed of several elements in a known manner and excites or excites by a control device (not shown further here). is de-energized and experiences a linear expansion with high force when excited, which is transmitted to the first piston 53.
  • the first piston 53 is held in constant contact with the piezo drive 65 by a plate spring 66, which is arranged in the hydraulic pressure chamber 52.
  • the piezo drive 65 is not energized and the plunger 42 is acted upon by the compression spring 50, that the first sealing surface 37 is in tight contact with the first valve seat 36 and thus the control chamber 25 is closed. Accordingly, there arises the pressure which also prevails in the high-pressure fuel source 14 because of the constant connection between the latter and the control chamber 25 via the inflow channel 33.
  • This high pressure loads the injection valve member in such a way that it opposes the pressure forces acting on the pressure shoulder 16 Is held in the closed position, supported by the compression spring 21.
  • the piezo drive is now energized, the first piston 53 is displaced, which increases the pressure in the hydraulic pressure chamber 52, so that as a result of the pressure acting on the end face 58 of the second piston 56 connected to the tappet 42, the latter evades and continues dips into the blind bore 57, displacing fuel from the first relief region 61 into the second relief region 62.
  • This has increased in volume and supports the immersion movement of the second piston into the blind bore 57.
  • the operation in turn has the consequence that the plunger 42 moves against the force of the compression spring 50 and thereby the closing body 38 lifts off the first valve seat 36.
  • the control chamber 25 is relieved, since the drain channel 28 is connected to the further drain channel part 46 through the now open valve seats 36 and 40.
  • the closing body subsequently keeps the drain channel 28-46 closed, and the pressure build-up in the control chamber 25 brings the injection valve member 5 permanently into the closed position.
  • the control chamber 25 for actuating the injection valve member for a main injection can subsequently be relieved again after a break in injection, in that the piezo drive is actuated in such a way that the closing body 38 is in an intermediate position between the first valve seat 36 and the second valve seat 40 remain. This is the special advantage of a piezo drive that it can also take intermediate positions according to excitation.
  • FIG. 3 shows the sequence of movements of the control valve in the upper curve and the sequence of movements of the fuel injection valve member 5 in the lower curve.
  • the upper curve shows that when the piezo drive is excited at point 0 of the abscissa, the plunger 42 travels a negative stroke over time from h a until the closing body 38 has reached the second valve seat 40 at height h 0 . About this stroke results there is an injection valve member movement V corresponding to a pre-injection in the diagram below.
  • the smallest injection quantities can be achieved for operating an internal combustion engine with pre-injection and main injection.
  • This arrangement has the particular advantage that the piezo drive is only excited when an injection is to take place. The piezo drive is therefore de-energized for most of the operation of the internal combustion engine and electrical energy is only required for the injection processes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP98928123A 1997-07-30 1998-04-03 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen Expired - Lifetime EP0931215B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732802 1997-07-30
DE19732802A DE19732802A1 (de) 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
PCT/DE1998/000944 WO1999006690A1 (de) 1997-07-30 1998-04-03 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0931215A1 EP0931215A1 (de) 1999-07-28
EP0931215B1 true EP0931215B1 (de) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=7837363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98928123A Expired - Lifetime EP0931215B1 (de) 1997-07-30 1998-04-03 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6021760A (zh)
EP (1) EP0931215B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001501272A (zh)
KR (1) KR20000068640A (zh)
CN (1) CN1095033C (zh)
DE (2) DE19732802A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2193102C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1999006690A1 (zh)

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Publication number Publication date
EP0931215A1 (de) 1999-07-28
JP2001501272A (ja) 2001-01-30
CN1236417A (zh) 1999-11-24
WO1999006690A1 (de) 1999-02-11
DE19732802A1 (de) 1999-02-04
KR20000068640A (ko) 2000-11-25
US6021760A (en) 2000-02-08
RU2193102C2 (ru) 2002-11-20
CN1095033C (zh) 2002-11-27
DE59807062D1 (de) 2003-03-06

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