EP0929883A1 - Anzeigeelement für die verwendung in einem magnetischen diebstahlsicherungssystem - Google Patents
Anzeigeelement für die verwendung in einem magnetischen diebstahlsicherungssystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP0929883A1 EP0929883A1 EP98944989A EP98944989A EP0929883A1 EP 0929883 A1 EP0929883 A1 EP 0929883A1 EP 98944989 A EP98944989 A EP 98944989A EP 98944989 A EP98944989 A EP 98944989A EP 0929883 A1 EP0929883 A1 EP 0929883A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- weight
- strip
- semi
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000586 vicalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2408—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using ferromagnetic tags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
- G08B13/2442—Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
- G08B13/2445—Tag integrated into item to be protected, e.g. source tagging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14708—Fe-Ni based alloys
- H01F1/14716—Fe-Ni based alloys in the form of sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1266—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest between cold rolling steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/90—Magnetic feature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/928—Magnetic property
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12465—All metal or with adjacent metals having magnetic properties, or preformed fiber orientation coordinate with shape
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
- Y10T428/12646—Group VIII or IB metal-base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
- Y10T428/12646—Group VIII or IB metal-base
- Y10T428/12653—Fe, containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components
Definitions
- the invention relates to a display element for use in a magnetic anti-theft system consisting of:
- An elongated alarm strip consisting of an amorphous ferromagnetic alloy and at least
- an activation strip consisting of a semi-hard magnetic alloy.
- the alloys with semi-hard magnetic properties used for the bias strips include Co-Fe-V alloys known as VICALLOY, Co-Fe-Ni alloys known as VACOZET, and Fe-Co- Cr alloys. These known semi-hard magnetic alloys contain high proportions of cobalt, some of them at least 45% by weight, and are accordingly expensive.
- these alloys are brittle in the magnetically annealed condition, so that they do not have sufficient ductility to adequately meet the requirements for display elements for anti-theft systems.
- An important requirement is that these activation strips have to be insensitive to bending or deformation.
- the semi-hard magnetic alloys can also be magnetized from a greater distance or with smaller fields. It has been shown that the coercive force H c must be restricted to values of at most 24 A / cm.
- the remanence under bending or tensile loading should be as low as possible. A change of less than 20% is given as a guideline.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to develop the display elements mentioned at the outset with regard to their bias strips so that the above-mentioned requirements are met.
- Pre-magnetic strips consist of a semi-hard magnetic alloy which is composed of 8 to 25% by weight of nickel, 1.5 to 4.5% by weight of aluminum, 0.5 to 3% by weight of titanium and the rest of iron.
- the alloy can furthermore contain 0 to 5% by weight of cobalt and / or 0 to 3% by weight of molybdenum or chromium and / or at least one of the elements Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, W, Mn, Si in individual proportions of less than 0.5% by weight of the alloy and in a total proportion of less than 1% by weight of the alloy and / or at least one of the elements C, N, S, P, B, H, 0 in individual Proportions of less than 0.2% by weight of the alloy tion and contained in a total proportion of less than 1 wt .-% of the alloy.
- the alloy is characterized by a coercive force H c of 10 to 24 A / cm and a remanence B r of at least 1.3 T (13,000 gaus).
- the alloys according to the invention are to a high degree ductile and excellent cold-formable before tempering, so that cross-sectional reductions of more than 90% are also possible. Magnetic strips can be produced from such alloys, in particular by cold rolling, which have thicknesses of less than 0.05 mm. Furthermore, the alloys according to the invention are distinguished by excellent magnetic properties and by corrosion resistance.
- a very particularly advantageous alloy is a semi-hard magnetic iron alloy according to the present invention, the 13.0 to 17.0 wt .-% nickel, 1.8 to 2.8 wt .-% aluminum and 0.5 to 1.5 Wt .-% titanium contains.
- the magnetostriction in particular can be set particularly favorably.
- the bias strips become one by melting the alloy under vacuum and casting
- Cast block made.
- the casting block is then hot-rolled into a strip at temperatures above 800 ° C., then annealed at a temperature above 800 ° C. and then rapidly cooled.
- cold working expediently cold rolling corresponding to a reduction in cross-section of approx. 90%
- intermediate annealing at approx. 700 ° C follows.
- cold working suitably cold rolling, corresponding to a cross-sectional reduction of at least 60%, preferably 75% or higher.
- the cold-rolled strip is tempered at temperatures from approx. 400 ° C to 600 ° C.
- the bias strips are then cut to length.
- FIG. 2 shows the demagnetization behavior of Fe-Ni-Al-Ti alloys after an alternating field demagnetization
- Figure 3 shows the change in remanence under tension compared to an alloy according to the prior art
- FIG. 4 shows the relative change in magnetic flux in% for different coercive field strengths after mechanical deformation in comparison to an alloy according to the prior art.
- the change in remanence under bending or tensile stress should be as small as possible. A change of less than 20% is given as a guideline. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the alloys according to the present invention achieve values ⁇ 10%.
- the coercive field strength and the bending radius also determine the change in the flux.
- the alloys according to the present invention achieve at appropriate coercive field strengths Bending radii> 12 mm values ⁇ 5% or with bending radii> 4 mm values ⁇ 10% and thicknesses of approx. 50 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the saturation for a given low field strength of e.g. 40 A / cm for saturation Bf with a magnetic field in the kOe range should be almost 1, which can be seen from FIG. 3.
- the counter field stability should be such that the remanence Bg still retains at least 80% of its original value after a counter field demagnetization of a few A / cm.
- the remanence B r should only keep 20% of the original value after a degaussing cycle with a given magnetic field.
- magnetization of the activation strip i. H. the display element can also be activated / deactivated on site.
- the saturation achieved should differ only slightly from the value at high magnetization fields in order to guarantee the same behavior of the display elements.
- the display elements must be such that they do not change their remanence B r very much in the vicinity of the coils in the detection locks as a result of a field which is elevated there and possibly oriented in the opposite direction.
- the alloys according to the invention have such a required counter field stability.
- the display elements must be demagnetized with relatively small fields, ie deactivated with magnetoelastic display elements or activated with harmonic display elements.
- Figure 2 illustrates light these relationships in the alloys of the invention.
- the alloys according to the present invention are typically produced by casting a melt from the alloy components in a crucible or furnace under vacuum or under a protective gas atmosphere.
- the temperatures are around 1600 ° C.
- the casting is typically done in a round mold.
- Cast ingots made from the present alloys are then typically processed by hot working, intermediate annealing, cold working and further intermediate annealing.
- the intermediate annealing is carried out for the purpose of homogenization, grain refinement, deformation or the formation of desirable mechanical properties, in particular high ductility.
- tempering temperatures are from 400 ° C to 600 ° C and the tempering times are typically from one minute to 24 hours.
- the alloys according to the invention in particular a cold deformation corresponding to a cross-sectional reduction of at least 60% before tempering is possible.
- the annealing step increases the coercive force and the squareness of the magnetic BH loop, which is essential for the requirements for bias strips.
- the manufacturing process for particularly good bias strips comprises the following steps:
- Example 2 An alloy with 15.0% by weight of nickel, 3.0% by weight of aluminum, 1.2% by weight of titanium and the rest of iron was processed as in Example 1, but with a final intermediate annealing at 700 ° C. last cold deformation corresponding to a cross-sectional reduction of 70% and a final annealing at 500 ° C.
- a coercive force H c equal to 21 A / cm and a remanence B r equal to 1.45 T were measured.
- Example 2 An alloy with 15.0% by weight of nickel, 3.0% by weight of aluminum, 1.2% by weight of titanium and the rest of iron was produced as in Example 2. Deviating from this, the last intermediate annealing was carried out at 650 ° C, the last cold working corresponding to a cross-sectional reduction of 85% and the tempering treatment at 480 ° C. A coercive force H c equal to 20 A / cm and a remanence B r equal to 1.53 T were measured.
- Example 5 An alloy with 15.0% by weight of nickel, 3.0% by weight of aluminum, 1.2% by weight of titanium, 2.0% by weight of molybdenum and the rest of iron was produced as in Example 2. After tempering treatment at 480 ° C, a coercive force H c equal to 20 A / cm and a remanence B r equal to 1.56 T were measured.
- Example 5
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732872A DE19732872C2 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1997-07-30 | Anzeigeelement für die Verwendung in einem magnetischen Diebstahlsicherungssystem |
DE19732872 | 1997-07-30 | ||
PCT/DE1998/001984 WO1999006977A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1998-07-15 | Anzeigeelement für die verwendung in einem magnetischen diebstahlsicherungssystem |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0929883A1 true EP0929883A1 (de) | 1999-07-21 |
EP0929883B1 EP0929883B1 (de) | 2003-09-24 |
Family
ID=7837405
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP98944989A Expired - Lifetime EP0929883B1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1998-07-15 | Anzeigeelement für die verwendung in einem magnetischen diebstahlsicherungssystem |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6663981B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0929883B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3288725B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19732872C2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2209204T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999006977A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6803118B2 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 2004-10-12 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Marker for use in a magnetic anti-theft security system |
US6011475A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2000-01-04 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Method of annealing amorphous ribbons and marker for electronic article surveillance |
DE19836462A1 (de) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-17 | Meto International Gmbh | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung |
CN100447911C (zh) * | 2006-06-16 | 2008-12-31 | 李霖 | 软磁材料偏置片的制造方法及使用该偏置片的防盗声磁标签 |
DE102006047022B4 (de) * | 2006-10-02 | 2009-04-02 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Anzeigeelement für ein magnetisches Diebstahlsicherungssystem sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US7432815B2 (en) | 2006-10-05 | 2008-10-07 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Marker for a magnetic theft protection system and method for its production |
WO2010016641A1 (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-11 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Hydrogen production method from water by thermochemical cycles using germanium oxide |
KR101001873B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-12-17 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 게르마늄 산화물을 이용한 열화학적 물분해 수소 제조방법 |
DE102009043539A1 (de) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetischer Streifen, Sensor aufweisend einen magnetischen Streifen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines magnetischen Streifens |
DE102009043462A1 (de) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetischer Streifen, Sensor aufweisend einen magnetischen Streifen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines magnetischen Streifens |
CN102298815B (zh) | 2011-05-20 | 2014-03-12 | 宁波讯强电子科技有限公司 | 一种高矫顽力偏置片、其制造方法及用其制成的声磁防盗标签 |
JP5187464B1 (ja) | 2011-08-19 | 2013-04-24 | 日立金属株式会社 | 半硬質磁性材料及びそれを用いてなる盗難防止用磁気センサ並びに半硬質磁性材料の製造方法 |
EP2880098B1 (de) * | 2012-08-03 | 2018-01-10 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Halogenierte katalysatoren mit salanliganden |
US10214368B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2019-02-26 | NJM Packaging Inc. | System using magnetic coupling to move a carriage |
DE102016222781A1 (de) | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Halbhartmagnetische Legierung für einen Aktivierungsstreifen, Anzeigeelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer halbhartmagnetischen Legierung |
US11914713B2 (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2024-02-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Access to firmware settings with asymmetric cryptography |
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DE3545547A1 (de) * | 1985-12-21 | 1987-07-02 | B & S Metalpraecis Gmbh | Kugelhahn als absperr- und regelarmatur fuer gasfoermige und fluessige stoffstroeme, insbesondere mit abrasiven feststoffbeimischungen |
DE3545647A1 (de) | 1985-12-21 | 1987-06-25 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Deaktivierbares sicherungsetikett fuer diebstahlsicherungssysteme |
US4864618A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1989-09-05 | Wright Technologies, L.P. | Automated transaction system with modular printhead having print authentication feature |
JP2713711B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-17 | 1998-02-16 | 日立金属株式会社 | 防犯センサ用マーカ |
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US5371798A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-12-06 | Mcwhortor; William F. | System and method for enhancing detection of counterfeit financial transaction documents |
US5668897A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1997-09-16 | Stolfo; Salvatore J. | Method and apparatus for imaging, image processing and data compression merge/purge techniques for document image databases |
GB2288476A (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 1995-10-18 | Ibm | Authentication of printed documents. |
US5673320A (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1997-09-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for image-based validations of printed documents |
JP3540511B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-18 | 2004-07-07 | 株式会社東芝 | 電子署名検証装置 |
US5801365A (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 1998-09-01 | Katz; Richard B. | Fund raising by discounted collection on special issue checks |
US6021491A (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 2000-02-01 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Digital signatures for data streams and data archives |
US6157301A (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 2000-12-05 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Marker for use in a magnetic electronic article surveillance system |
US6111953A (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 2000-08-29 | Walker Digital, Llc | Method and apparatus for authenticating a document |
DE19740908C1 (de) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-08-05 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Anzeigeelement für die Verwendung in einem magnetischen Diebstahlsicherungssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aktivierungsstreifens hierfür |
US6073121A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 2000-06-06 | Ramzy; Emil Y. | Check fraud prevention system |
-
1997
- 1997-07-30 DE DE19732872A patent/DE19732872C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-07-15 US US09/269,490 patent/US6663981B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 WO PCT/DE1998/001984 patent/WO1999006977A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-15 JP JP51036399A patent/JP3288725B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 ES ES98944989T patent/ES2209204T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 EP EP98944989A patent/EP0929883B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-02-21 US US10/371,894 patent/US6689490B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9906977A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19732872C2 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
DE19732872A1 (de) | 1999-02-04 |
ES2209204T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
JP3288725B2 (ja) | 2002-06-04 |
US20030129445A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
WO1999006977A1 (de) | 1999-02-11 |
EP0929883B1 (de) | 2003-09-24 |
US6689490B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
US6663981B1 (en) | 2003-12-16 |
JP2001502759A (ja) | 2001-02-27 |
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