EP0906493A1 - Turbomachine et procede de refroidissement d'une turbomachine - Google Patents

Turbomachine et procede de refroidissement d'une turbomachine

Info

Publication number
EP0906493A1
EP0906493A1 EP97928113A EP97928113A EP0906493A1 EP 0906493 A1 EP0906493 A1 EP 0906493A1 EP 97928113 A EP97928113 A EP 97928113A EP 97928113 A EP97928113 A EP 97928113A EP 0906493 A1 EP0906493 A1 EP 0906493A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
cooling
fluid
turbomachine
inflow region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97928113A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0906493B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Oeynhausen
Edwin Gobrecht
Helmut Pollak
Andreas FELDMÜLLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0906493A1 publication Critical patent/EP0906493A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0906493B1 publication Critical patent/EP0906493B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
    • F01D9/065—Fluid supply or removal conduits traversing the working fluid flow, e.g. for lubrication-, cooling-, or sealing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F01D3/02—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid characterised by having one fluid flow in one axial direction and another fluid flow in the opposite direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbomachine, in particular a steam turbine, with a housing and an inflow region for action fluid formed at least partially by the housing, and a method for cooling at least one component assigned to an inflow region of a turbomachine.
  • the object directed to a turbomachine is achieved by one which has a housing with an inflow area for action fluid which is at least partially formed by the housing, a supply for a cooling fluid being provided in the housing, through which cooling of the housing, in particular the housing cheeks adjacent to the inflow region, can be carried out.
  • a housing with such a supply for cooling fluid the temperature of the housing can be significantly reduced even when action fluid flows into the inflow region at temperatures above 550 ° C., which means that the use of known materials, in particular martensitic chromium steels, is possible or the use of new materials at a reduced temperature level is made possible.
  • the cooling fluid can be process steam from a steam turbine system with several partial turbines, separate cooling steam or cooling air.
  • the turbomachine preferably has a shielding element which adjoins the inflow region and which shields a rotor blade carrier which extends along a main axis in the housing from the action fluid and is fastened to the housing by a holder, the Feed through the holder is introduced into the shielding element.
  • the shielding element can be on several points can be connected to the housing via a holder or several holders.
  • Several cooling effects are achieved at the same time, namely cooling the housing on the walls adjoining the inflow region, cooling the holder, cooling the shielding element and thus also cooling the moving blade carrier.
  • the holder is preferably integrated in at least one first guide vane row as seen in the direction of the action fluid.
  • a branch line preferably a plurality of branch lines, which is (or are) connected to the feed and open into the inflow region and / or a side facing away from the inflow region.
  • the shielding element preferably also has at least one branch line, which is connected to the feed and opens into the inflow region. This leads to film cooling of the shielding element and thus indirectly to a further reduction in the thermal load on the moving wheel carrier.
  • the shielding element can additionally have a cavity connected to the feed, whereby an increased heat transfer in the shielding element in the direction of the
  • the shielding element which is in particular ring-shaped, forms an intermediate space toward the blade carrier, into which the feeder opens.
  • the interspace can thus be filled with cooling fluid, so that heat transfer from the one heated by the action fluid Shielding element is reduced in the blade carrier. Since the shielding element is connected to the housing via the holder, it is spaced from the blade carrier, so that an outflow of the cooling fluid with the action fluid flowing between the housing and the blade carrier is ensured.
  • a cooling fluid line in particular in the form of a radial bore, preferably leads from the intermediate space into the rotor blade carrier.
  • cooling fluid is introduced into an annular space formed between the tie rod and the rotor disk.
  • cooling of an essentially single-storey turbine shaft is also possible, in particular by providing at least one axial bore running parallel to the main axis, into which the cooling fluid line opens.
  • cooling fluid In addition to cooling the components of the turbomachine subject to high temperatures, supplying cooling fluid through the housing also enables a leakage flow of action fluid between a gap of a rotating component (rotor blade, rotor blade carrier) and a stationary component (guide blade, housing) to be reduced Steam turbine.
  • gap losses can be reduced in that cooling fluid can be branched off from the feed line, the intermediate space or the cooling fluid line by means of corresponding branch lines in the housing or the blade carrier and can be guided into this gap.
  • Such a branch line is thus preferably guided by the supply for cooling fluid in such a way that it opens into a gap between the housing and the rotor blade or the guide blade and the rotor blade carrier.
  • a guide of cooling fluid is preferably particularly suitable for a turbomachine in which the shielding element is designed to divide the current and / or to deflect the action fluid in the direction of the main axis.
  • the inflow area is preferably designed for guiding the action fluid in a direction substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the blade carrier.
  • the turbomachine is preferably a double-flow steam turbine, in particular a medium-pressure steam turbine, in which both a flow division and a deflection of the action fluid take place.
  • Such cooling is of course also possible with a single-flow steam turbine in its inflow region.
  • process steam from a steam turbine plant is used as the cooling fluid, it is fed back to the entire steam process via the various branches, the steam used as cooling fluid being heated as the feed flows through it. Compared to cooling in which the process steam is lost, an increase in the efficiency of the steam turbine can also be achieved.
  • the object directed to a method for cooling a component adjacent to the inflow region of a turbomachine, in particular a steam turbine, is achieved in that cooling fluid is passed through a housing which at least partially forms the inflow region, in particular in the vicinity of the inflow region and from there a shielding element for reducing the temperature load of a rotor blade carrier arranged in the housing is fed.
  • the turbomachine and the method for cooling are explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows schematically and not to scale the only figure a section of a longitudinal section through a double-flow medium-pressure steam turbine.
  • the section of a turbomachine 1 shown in the figure shows a longitudinal section through a double-flow medium-pressure steam turbine of a steam turbine system.
  • a blade carrier 11, which extends along a main axis 2, is shown in a housing 15 of the turbomachine. This is made from a plurality of rotor disks 29, only one of which is shown for the sake of clarity.
  • a tie rod 28, which joins the rotor disks to the rotor blade carrier 11, is guided through the rotor disk 29 centrally along the main axis 2.
  • the blade carrier 11 can also be produced as a one-piece turbine shaft.
  • An inflow region 3 for action fluid 4 is formed by the housing 15 and extends essentially along an inflow axis 17 perpendicular to the main axis 2.
  • a cooling fluid feed 8 is provided through the housing 15 in the vicinity of the inflow region 3, also essentially parallel to the inflow axis 17. This feed 8 merges into a respective guide blade 6 of the first guide blade row 16.
  • the first row of guide blades 16 also serves as a holder 22 for an annular shielding element 19.
  • This shielding element 19 is arched into the inflow area 3 and thus causes both a deflection of the action fluid 4 and a shielding of the moving blade carrier 11 (turbine rotor) with respect to this action fluid 4.
  • the feed 8 leads into the shielding element 19 from the guide vane 6.
  • This has a cavity 18 which is connected to the feed 8 and extends essentially parallel to the main axis 2 and is partly widened in the direction of the inflow region 3. From the cavity 18, two branch lines 24 branch off, which open into the inflow region 3. In this way, as with the branch lines 23 of the guide vanes 6, a corresponding film cooling of the shielding element 19 is achieved. From the shielding element 19, the feed 8 opens into one between the shielding element 19 and the Blade carrier 11 formed intermediate space 9.
  • the cooling fluid 5 entering therein flows at least partially in the axial direction from the intermediate space 9 into the flow of the action fluid 4 and thus passes through the turbine stages formed from the moving blades 7 and the downstream guide blades 6a.
  • a cooling fluid line 13 designed as an axial bore leads into the blade carrier 11 and opens there into an annular gap 27 formed between the tie rod 28 and the rotor disk 29.
  • the cooling fluid 5 flowing therein removes heat from the blade carrier 11.
  • a blocking fluid line 14 is provided in the rotor disk 29 or one or more downstream rotor disks, which leads from the annular gap 27 into a rotor blade carrier region 26 which is directly opposite a rotor blade 6a.
  • the cooling fluid 5 flows into the gap formed between the blade carrier region 26 and the guide blade 6a.
  • the cooling fluid 5 additionally has the effect of a barrier fluid through which the flow of the action fluid 4 is prevented through this gap, but at least is significantly reduced. As a result, the gap losses with a non-contact seal and thus the efficiency of the steam turbine can also be increased.
  • cooling fluid lines 14 through which cooling fluid 5 can flow are provided in the housing 15 and connect the feed 8 in the region of the first guide vane row 16 to a housing region 25 which is directly opposite a moving blade 7.
  • this gap is also sealed by the cooling fluid 5 which now additionally acts as a barrier fluid.
  • the invention is characterized by a cooling of preferably several components of a turbomachine, which adjoin an inflow region for a hot action fluid, in particular steam of over 550 ° C.
  • the cooling takes place by introducing a cooling fluid, in particular process steam a steam turbine system or cooling air, by means of a supply which is arranged in a part of the housing near the surface and facing the inflow region. From there, the cooling air is guided through the first row of guide vanes into a shielding element which is attached to the row of guide vanes.
  • Branch lines can be provided both in the housing, the guide vane and the shielding element, which open into the inflow region and thus enable film cooling of the respective component.
  • cooling fluid can additionally be conducted as barrier fluid into a gap between a rotating component (rotor blade, rotor blade carrier) and a stationary component (guide blade, housing), whereby the sealing of a non-contact seal is significantly improved .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
EP97928113A 1996-06-21 1997-06-09 Turbomachine et procede de refroidissement d'une turbomachine Expired - Lifetime EP0906493B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19624805 1996-06-21
DE19624805 1996-06-21
PCT/DE1997/001162 WO1997049900A1 (fr) 1996-06-21 1997-06-09 Turbomachine et procede de refroidissement d'une turbomachine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0906493A1 true EP0906493A1 (fr) 1999-04-07
EP0906493B1 EP0906493B1 (fr) 2003-08-20

Family

ID=7797593

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97923804A Expired - Lifetime EP0906494B1 (fr) 1996-06-21 1997-05-12 Arbre de turbine et procede de refroidissement d'un arbre de turbine
EP97928113A Expired - Lifetime EP0906493B1 (fr) 1996-06-21 1997-06-09 Turbomachine et procede de refroidissement d'une turbomachine

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97923804A Expired - Lifetime EP0906494B1 (fr) 1996-06-21 1997-05-12 Arbre de turbine et procede de refroidissement d'un arbre de turbine

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US6102654A (fr)
EP (2) EP0906494B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP3943136B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR20000022066A (fr)
CN (2) CN1106496C (fr)
AT (2) ATE230065T1 (fr)
CZ (2) CZ423498A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE59709016D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2206724T3 (fr)
PL (2) PL330755A1 (fr)
RU (2) RU2182976C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO1997049901A1 (fr)

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EP2503101A2 (fr) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-26 General Electric Company Système de régulation d'un liquide de refroidissement dans une turbomachine
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CN103603694B (zh) * 2013-12-04 2015-07-29 上海金通灵动力科技有限公司 一种降低汽轮机主轴轴承处工作温度的结构
EP2918788A1 (fr) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de refroidissement d'une turbine à vapeur
US10208609B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2019-02-19 General Electric Company Turbine and methods of assembling the same
EP3009597A1 (fr) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidissement contrôlé d'arbres de turbines
EP3056663A1 (fr) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine à vapeur axiale, en particulier dans une construction à double flux
RU2665797C1 (ru) * 2016-07-04 2018-09-04 Публичное акционерное общество "ОДК-Уфимское моторостроительное производственное объединение" (ПАО "ОДК-УМПО") Способ и устройство охлаждения вала авиационного газотурбинного двигателя
CN109236378A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-18 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 一种内部蒸汽冷却的高参数汽轮机的单流高温转子
CN109236379A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-18 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 一种内部蒸汽冷却的高参数汽轮机的双流高温转子
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CN111520195B (zh) * 2020-04-03 2022-05-10 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 一种汽轮机低压进汽室导流结构及其参数设计方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59710625D1 (de) 2003-09-25
US6048169A (en) 2000-04-11
ATE247766T1 (de) 2003-09-15
EP0906494A1 (fr) 1999-04-07
RU2182976C2 (ru) 2002-05-27
EP0906493B1 (fr) 2003-08-20
CN1100193C (zh) 2003-01-29
PL330755A1 (en) 1999-05-24
CZ422798A3 (cs) 1999-04-14
RU2182975C2 (ru) 2002-05-27
JP3939762B2 (ja) 2007-07-04
CN1106496C (zh) 2003-04-23
JP2000512706A (ja) 2000-09-26
ES2206724T3 (es) 2004-05-16
EP0906494B1 (fr) 2002-12-18
DE59709016D1 (de) 2003-01-30
PL330425A1 (en) 1999-05-10
KR20000022065A (ko) 2000-04-25
US6102654A (en) 2000-08-15
CZ423498A3 (cs) 1999-04-14
WO1997049900A1 (fr) 1997-12-31
JP3943136B2 (ja) 2007-07-11
CN1227619A (zh) 1999-09-01
WO1997049901A1 (fr) 1997-12-31
ATE230065T1 (de) 2003-01-15
JP2000512708A (ja) 2000-09-26
CN1228134A (zh) 1999-09-08
KR20000022066A (ko) 2000-04-25

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