EP0861036B1 - Procede de fabrication de materiau de filtre biodegradable - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de materiau de filtre biodegradable Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0861036B1
EP0861036B1 EP96933415A EP96933415A EP0861036B1 EP 0861036 B1 EP0861036 B1 EP 0861036B1 EP 96933415 A EP96933415 A EP 96933415A EP 96933415 A EP96933415 A EP 96933415A EP 0861036 B1 EP0861036 B1 EP 0861036B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
filter
starch
die
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96933415A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0861036A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Lörcks
Harald Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7773698&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0861036(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0861036A1 publication Critical patent/EP0861036A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0861036B1 publication Critical patent/EP0861036B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/48—Processes of making filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing Biodegradable filter material made from renewable raw materials for use as a tobacco smoke filter element of cigarettes, Cigars or pipes.
  • Cigarettes are cylindrical Form in which the smokable tobacco material is shredded Form is surrounded by a paper envelope. Usually own these cigarettes at one end a filter that with the cigarette is connected by a sleeve. Filter elements and cigarette filters are extensive in the literature described as a filter tow. For the manufacture of cigarette filters usually becomes a fiber material from the materials Cellulose-2.5-acetate or polypropylene is used. The use of paper or cotton is also known. According to known method is in cellulose acetate fiber material essentially manufactured by the nozzle spinning process.
  • the crimped or crimped the filter tows are first manufactured as filter rods, by stretching the curled ribbon, in volume enlarged and in a formatting device to the desired one Dimension brought and wrapped with paper.
  • the cellulose-2,5-acetate raw materials are usually included Glycerin acetate compounded as a plasticizer, which is not is easily contained in tobacco smoke.
  • Glycerin acetate compounded as a plasticizer which is not is easily contained in tobacco smoke.
  • DE-A-43 25 352 proposes a Cellulose acetate modified with ⁇ -caprolactone for the production of filaments to use.
  • EP-A-0 632 969 shows a degradable cellulose acetate with a low degree of substitution (Cellulose acetate with a degree of substitution of > 2 is considered to be difficult to degrade).
  • EP-A-0 597 478 discloses a cellulose acetate with a degree of substitution ⁇ 2.15 and degradation-accelerating additives such as polycaprolactone.
  • EP-A-0 634 113 describes a tobacco filter and method its production based on cellulose ester monofilaments using up to 30% water-soluble polymers, e.g. Strengths to reduce the degradability of the filter tow improve.
  • EP-A-0 641 525 proposes to improve the Degradability of cigarette filters based on cellulose acetate (fibers) the use of wood pulp.
  • US-A-5 396 909 describes a cigarette filter with a Filter tow made of cellulose acetate.
  • WO 93/07771 describes a method of making a cigarette filter Cellulose-2,5-acetate, for which by shared use the rate of degradation can be accelerated by starch should.
  • E-A-0 597 478 relates to a biodegradable Cellulose acetate with a degree of substitution of 1.0 to 2.15 for use as a raw material for the production of Cigarette filters.
  • EP-A-0 539 191 shows a lightweight Cigarette filter, in which the filter material partially consists of a closed-cell foam. This will achieved a reduction in weight of the filter.
  • An improved one Biodegradability is disclosed in DE-A-40 13 293 and DE-A-40 13 304 by using the biopolymer polyhydroxybutyric acid and / or the copolymer polyhydroxybutyric acid / polyhydroxyvaleric acid (PHB / PHV) as a fiber raw material for the production of a filter tow.
  • EP-A-0 614 620 describes a biodegradable filter element in the form of a foam or a foil based on Strength.
  • the filter material is made by extrusion.
  • the extruder system has several temperature zones.
  • GB-A-2 205 102 describes a process for the production of Cigarette filters made of extruded polysaccharide material such as e.g. Starch, in the form of foil, foam or strand.
  • Biological degradable starch fibers and their use in cigarette filters are known from EP-A-0 541 050.
  • the object of the invention is a filter tow or a filter material from renewable raw materials for the production of To provide cigarette filters or filters for smokers' goods, which has good filter properties, no interference of smoking pleasure or loss of aroma and its biodegradability is improved.
  • the invention proceeds from Basic idea, a filter tow or filter material made of fibers and filaments made of biopolymers based on thermoplastic To produce starch and its polymer mixtures.
  • Biopolymer materials made from renewable agricultural raw materials have become the focus of public interest in recent years for several reasons. The reasons for this are, for example, the innovation in the development of materials made from biopolymers, the conservation of fossil raw materials, the reduction of waste through rapid, complete biodegradability in the natural cycle, climate protection by reducing CO 2 release, and possible uses for agriculture.
  • Cigarette filters provided with the method according to the invention made of biopolymers are rapidly biodegraded after use by natural decomposition processes and represent a problem solution, for example with regard to the prevention of blockages and malfunctions in sewage treatment plants, which are caused by smoked cigarette residues, mainly via the public sewer network be washed in.
  • biopolymers used consisting essentially of starch materials with thermoplastic properties, disintegrate into the starting products carbon dioxide and water in a short time if they are exposed to the weather with the further action of microorganisms or get into the wastewater. It is also particularly advantageous that such a tobacco smoke filter reduces the tar and condensate contents in tobacco smoke without affecting the taste of smoking.
  • the for the production of filter elements from the invention Process produced filter tow or filter material used starch materials have thermoplastic properties that a Processing after adaptation of the operating conditions similar of the synthetic polymers and / or cellulose acetates in Enable "melt blown” process or spunbond process.
  • the "melt blown” process for the production of biopolymers An extrusion line uses fibers from a melt spinning mass, preferably with a melt pump and special "melt blown" nozzles, which are arranged in rows on a Nozzle bar with approx. 1000 nozzles are arranged.
  • the extruded Fibers based on the starch polymer materials BIOPLAST® GF 102 and / or GF 105 are made up of endless threads swirled by air with a fiber diameter of 1 to 35 ⁇ m, cooled and finished if necessary. Under in Axial direction blowing air streams that initially range from 40 to Are heated to 120 ° C and by variation with cold air Affecting fiber shape, the fibers are in the following Process steps combined to form a fiber bundle or fiber strand, placed on a circulating belt and in one Calenders with partly heatable, partly coolable rollers an endless filter or filter tow rod pressed and calibrated. These fibers are not particularly stretched and therefore have a soft fluffy structure with a for a large filter surface necessary filtertow.
  • starch thermoplastics are made based on the starch polymer materials BIOPLAST® GF 102 and / or GF 105 with MFI (melt index according to DIN 53 735) 18-200 in the extruder with spinning pump and spinneret with die plate and more than 1000 nozzle openings to fine fibers and processed a spunbond.
  • the individual becomes Filaments made a thread curtain in which the cooling air supplied laterally to the nozzle is accelerated so that the filaments are drawn.
  • the extruded threads fall 3 - 10 m deep into a chute the depth of fall at low melt viscosity and through the axial air flow is a stretch (1: 5 to 1: 100) of the fibers reached, which thereby increased considerably Strength and a thread diameter of 1 to 30 microns obtained.
  • At the bottom of the shaft are air and threads evenly swirled so that the filaments formed the starch material combined into an unconsolidated band are crimped in a stuffer box crimping machine and processed to filter rods on a filter rod machine become.
  • a starch polymer granulate 2 which serves as a starting material, with the addition of selected additives in an extruder system 3 processed into a melt and in the form of a film of individual fibers 4 through a nozzle plate with a corresponding one Number of openings extruded.
  • the fibers 4 pass through a rotating spinning plate 5, become a fiber bundle summarized, then by a Guide 6, for example compression rollers, pulled and closed an endless filter 7 formed.
  • a configuration system 8 is the final shaping, the endless filter 7 if necessary again a stuffer box crimping machine fed and in a filter rod machine individual filter elements 1 is processed.
  • Figures 1a and 1b each show a cross section and a longitudinal section of a filter element 1 made of fibers 4 of a starch polymer.
  • 1c shows a longitudinal section of a cigarette 10 with the filter element 12 produced according to the invention, a section containing tobacco 11 and a section containing the filter element 1 being wrapped and connected with cigarette paper 12, and the filter element 1 and the transition area to the tobacco 11 containing section are wrapped with a further band 13 for reinforcement.
  • Biopolymers based on renewable raw materials described are for the production of fibers, filaments, fiber filters and cotton wool are essentially based on Starch and include in particular thermoplastic starch and the group of polymer blends from thermoplastic Starch and other degradable polymer components, such as polylactic acid, Polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, aliphatic and aromatic polyesters and their copolymers. More used Additives are plasticizers, such as glycerin and their derivatives, hexavalent sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol and their derivatives.
  • thermoplastic Starch occurs in a first stage of the process with the help a swelling or plasticizing agent without Adding water and using dry or dried starch and / or starch by degassing the processing is dried.
  • Starches usually contain 14% water as native starches, Potato starch even as 18% natural moisture Initial moisture. If a starch with more than 5% moisture plasticized or gelatinized under pressure and / or temperature becomes a destructured strength, whose Manufacturing process is endothermic. The manufacturing process In contrast, the thermoplastic starch is a exothermic process. In addition, the crystalline proportions are less than 5% in the thermoplastic starch and remain unchanged.
  • destructurized starch In the case of destructurized starch, they are crystalline Proportions also immediately low after production, however, these take on destructured storage Strength again. The is also subject to change Glass transition point, which with thermoplastic starch remains at -40 ° C, while comparatively at destructured Starch rises again to above 0 ° C (see also EP-A-0 397 819). For these reasons, they are being restructured Starch and materials based on destructurized starch Storage gradually becomes relatively brittle. When producing the Polymer mixtures become phase mediators for homogenization the hydrophilic and polar starch polymer phase and the hydrophobic and non-polar polymer phase used either added or preferably during manufacture the polymer mixture arise in situ.
  • phase mediator block copolymers which include in the WO 91/16375, EP-A-0 539 544, US-A-5 280 055 and EP-A-0 596 437 are described.
  • the intermolecular compounding of these different polymers takes place under differentiated Processable temperature and shear conditions Granules.
  • These thermoplastic blends are made by coupling the phase interfaces between the less tolerable Polymers technologically manufactured so that the distribution structure the disperse phase during processing through the optimal processing window (temperature and Shear conditions) is reached.
  • cellulose acetate fiber filters and other low molecular weight filters Biopolymers such as polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA) and filtering with the Distinguish filter material made from starch polymer fibers due to the different chemical structure of the Polymer surfaces from each other.
  • PHB polyhydroxybutyric acid
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • the strengths used as Macromolecules have a molecular weight of> 1 million the dominant amylopectin fraction with more than 75%. This leads together with the hydrophilic polymer surface improved adhesion properties of the filter Pollutant particles in tobacco smoke.
  • the Comparison of condensate concentration in inhalable tobacco smoke reduced to cellulose acetate filter. This effect is determined by the share of starch polymer fine fibers and the hydrophilicity affects the fiber.
  • Suitable polymer blends based on thermoplastic starch and methods of making them are from DE-A-43 17 696, WO 90/05161, DE-A-41 16 404, EP-A-0 542 155, DE-A-42 37 535 and DE-A-195 13 235 are known and have also been described in PCT / EP 94/01946, DE-A-196 24 641, DE-A-195 13 237, DE-A-195 15 013, CH 1996-1965 / 96 and DE-A-44 46 054 proposed.
  • Figure 2a shows an enlarged cross section and Figure 2b shows an enlarged longitudinal section of a filter element 1 from a crimped biopolymer film 16.
  • FIG. 2 c shows a longitudinal section of a cigarette 10 produced according to a method shown in Figure 2 Filterlement 1.
  • a section containing tobacco 11 and a section of the cigarette containing the filter element 1 10 are wrapped with cigarette paper 12.
  • the filter element 1 up to the transition area to the tobacco 11 containing section with a reinforcing band 13 envelops.
  • Fig. 3 shows a process scheme for the production of a filter tow or filter material according to the invention for use as cigarette filters and filters for tobacco products an extruded foam from renewable raw materials such as Strength.
  • starch foam by extrusion is fundamental e.g. known from DE-A-32 06 751 and DE-A-43 17 697. So-called cooking extrusion has been around since around 1930 known of strength. It is preferably in one Twin-screw extruder gelatinized the starch under pressure and temperature, destructured and extruded as a foam strand. This process technology is used primarily in the production of foamed snack products. Also extruded starch foams are known as packaging chips.
  • EP-A-0 447 792 discloses a method of manufacturing of paper foam made of paper fibers, starch and fully saponified Extruded polyvinyl alcohol for use as an insulating material.
  • starch foam 20 is compressed in an extrusion system 3 from a starting mixture 21 of starch, preferably native potato starch, and plasticizing and film-forming additives by thermal and mechanical introduction of energy, modified if necessary, plasticized and expanded by a drop in temperature and pressure, produced as a foamed round profile with a diameter of 10 mm and rolled in the formatting process to a diameter of 7.8 mm and processed into filter rods with a length of 12.6 mm.
  • the specific density of the foam filter elements is 12 kg / m 3 .
  • the extruded starch foam 29 is essentially open-pore, so that the foamed filter material made of destructured starch with a crystalline fraction of less than 5% is able to contain the liquids and liquid pollutants contained in tobacco smoke, such as condensate and tar products to adsorb, the starch foam itself not emitting inhalable, volatile products in the tobacco smoke.
  • Figure 3a shows an enlarged cross section and Figure 3b shows an enlarged longitudinal section of a filter element 1 from a starch foam 20.
  • FIG. 3c shows a longitudinal section of a cigarette 10 with a filter element 1 as shown in FIG Process is made.
  • the tobacco 11 and the filter element Portions of cigarette 10 containing 1 are common wrapped with cigarette paper 12. Furthermore, the filter element 1 to the transition area to tobacco 11 containing section with an outer, reinforcing band 13 wrapped.
  • the starch foam 20 is produced by extrusion using a Continua 37® twin-screw extruder and compressed in a compression step, wherein it is processed in a calender system 22 to form an endless filter 7.
  • the final shaping and separation into filter elements 1 takes place in a configuration system 8.
  • the process conditions and recipes for the one-step process design for the production of the filter tow or filter material from starch foam are shown in Tables I and IA using 4 examples each.
  • An essentially elastic and compressible filter tow with an open-pore foam structure represents a satisfactory process result (Examples 1 to 3 and 5 to 8).
  • Tables I and Ia Tables I and Ia
  • a twin-screw extruder of the type Continua C 37 from Werner & Pfleiderer is used to extrude the starch foam material. It has a nozzle plate, which can be equipped with 1 to 4 nozzle openings, each with a diameter of 1.5 to 4 mm.
  • the temperature setting of the extruder system is carried out by external cooling and heating devices.
  • the extruder system has six temperature zones, the first four zones being kept at temperatures from 25 to 140 ° C. Temperature zones 5 and 6 can be operated with temperature settings from 140 to 165 ° C.
  • the preferred temperature settings can be found in Tables I and Ia:
  • the speeds of the twin-screw extruder preferably move between 200 and 300 rpm.
  • the speed determines together with the dosing amount of the starting materials also that Torque of the extruder system essential.
  • a speed of 350 rpm was selected.
  • An optimal expansion of the starch foam 20 is the melt temperature Melt from 160 to 195 ° C achieved. These melt temperatures were realized during the tests.
  • the nozzle configuration were variations in diameter, the number of nozzles and the arrangement of the nozzle openings in the nozzle plate examined. The nozzle openings were with 1.5 to 3 mm in diameter tested, the number of nozzles was varied from 1 to 3 nozzles.
  • the arrangement of the nozzle opening was from the center of the nozzle plate over a medium diameter to largest diameter tested. From the tests carried out on the one-step process were each a nozzle with an opening diameter of 2.5 mm (Example 1) or 4 mm (Examples 2 to 4), which are central was placed, tested.
  • the starch-additive mixture serves a single-shaft, volumetric dosing device, whereby the dosing quantities from the operating parameters of the extruder system are directly dependent.
  • the device works with a Hollow shaft and has an application range of 1.5 kg / hour. to 35 kg / h
  • the preferred dosing amounts are from FIG. 4 evident.
  • a membrane metering device of the type is used for liquid metering Gamma / 5 from ProMint. In Examples 1-8 the amount of liquid from 0 to 5 liters / hour varies.
  • Table I lists the dosed volume of the liquid Stroke volume setting (in 0.1 ml / stroke) per stroke frequency setting of the dosing pump (in strokes per minute). At setting the dosing device from 5: 55 to 0.5 ml metered in at 55 strokes per minute. This gives one Dosage amount of 27.5 ml per minute.
  • the calender system 22 consists of four consecutive milled pulleys.
  • the diameter of the pulleys and the groove depth / groove width were in the experiments carried out varied. It continued to be the Tested the use of tension springs with different tensile strengths, which generate a pressure of the pulleys from 5 to 100 N. can.
  • the preferred contact pressures of the calender system are shown in Table I.
  • the endless filter 7 The starch foam 20 was reduced to different extents and finally to a standardized final diameter brought.
  • the starch foam 20 optionally adjusted to a certain residual moisture.
  • starch granules are first produced using a known process (for example DE-A-43 17 696 or WO 90/05161). The starch granules are then processed by renewed extrusion in a single-screw extruder to form a strand of starch foam and the manufacture of the filter tow or filter element 1 under conditions similar to those of the one-step process. A detailed description of the process is therefore omitted.
  • Tables II and IIa show process conditions and recipes for the production of thermoplastic starch-polymer granules (1st process stage) using four examples each:
  • Tables III and IIIa show the process conditions for the production of filter tows or filter material from thermoplastic starch-polymer granules processed into starch foam (2nd process stage): example number 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Single shaft extruder Extruder data Screw diameter 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm 50 mm Screw length 135 cm 135 cm 135 cm 135 cm Dwell time 45 s 45 s 45 s 45 s Temp. Zome 1 40 ° C 40 ° C 40 ° C 40 ° C Temp. Zone 2 70 ° C 70 ° C 70 ° C 70 ° C Temp. Zone 3 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C Temp.
  • Zone 4 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C Temp.
  • Zone 5 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C 190 ° C Temp.
  • Zone 6 195 ° C 190 ° C 185 ° C 190 ° C Rpm 350 350 350 350 350 Power consumption 25 amps 26 amps 27 amps 26 amps Temp.
  • Zone 6 195 ° C 190 ° C 185 ° C 190 ° C Rpm 350 350 350 350 Power consumption 25 amps 26 amps 27 amps 26 amps Temp.
  • Pressure melt 280 bar 280 bar 260 bar 260 bar
  • FIG. 4 shows the results of biodegradability tests for the filter material according to the invention, where line a) starch foam, line b) fibers and films (starch material BIOFLEX® BF 102), line c) cellulose powder and line d) cellulose-2.5-acetate .
  • the essential property of the filter material according to the invention is the rapid biodegradation. This property was tested on the starch polymer material BIOLFELEX® BF 102 using the following method (at the OWS Institute in Ghent, Belgium): CEN Draft "Evaluation of the Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability and Disintegration of Packing Materials under Controlled Composting Conditions - Method by Analysis of Released Carbon Dioxide "correspondingly modified ASTM D 5338-92.
  • the starch material BIOFLEX® BF 102 from which the fibers and foils for producing the filter tow or filter material according to the invention are made, was mineralized to 96.6% under the test conditions after 45 days.
  • the filter material made of starch foam (line d)) is even more rapidly degradable due to its porous surface and polymer composition.
  • the very good biodegradability was determined by the COD (chemical oxygen demand in mg / l) and the BOD 5 (biological oxygen demand in mg / l), whereby a COD of 1050 mg / l and a BOD 5 of 700 mg / l were measured .
  • the quotient of BOD 5 / COD x 100 results in the very high biodegradability of 66%, with values of more than 50% being very easily degradable.
  • the filter material made of starch foam was more than 90% biodegraded under aerobic compost conditions. All filter materials produced by the process according to the invention meet the quality requirements of LAGA leaflet M 10: quality criteria and recommendations for use for compost as well as DIN 54 900: "testing the compostability of polymeric materials" and the "ok Compost” certificate.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une étoupe ou un matériau de filtre (1) réalisés à partir de matières premières renouvelables, destinés à être utilisés comme éléments de filtres de tabac dans les cigarettes, les cigares ou les pipes. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication correspondant, selon lequel des fibres, des feuilles ou des mousses en biopolymères fabriqués selon un procédé d'extrusion à base d'amidon thermoplastique et leurs mélanges de polymères, sont transformés pour constituer les étoupes et matériaux destinés aux filtres de l'invention. Les avantages de l'invention résident dans l'utilisation essentielle de matières premières renouvelables, dans la biodégradabilité rapide et complète du matériau en biopolymère naturel utilisé pour le filtre, dans l'effet filtrant qui réduit les polluants et accentue l'arôme et dans un procédé de fabrication économique.

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'éléments filtrants biodégradables (1) et de tissus filtrants pour filtres à fumée de tabac au moyen d'un matériau filtrant à base d'un amidon et/ou d'un mélange de polymères à base d'amidon, comportant les étapes de processus suivantes:
    a) alimentation continue d'un mélange dosé de matières premières de régénération et/ou d'un mélange de polymères à base d'amidon ainsi que d'autres additifs, dans une installation d'extrusion, les autres additifs étant du poly(alcool vinylique), du polyesteramide et/ou du polyesteruréthanne, un agent fluidifiant et éventuellement un agent gonflant,
    b) chauffage et malaxage du mélange sous un régime température-pression défini pour former une masse fondue,
    c) extrusion de la masse fondue par une filière,
    d) production d'un extrudat à configuration perméable à l'air,
    e) compression de l'extrudat et formation d'une tige ronde sans fin de matériau filtrant et
    f) enrobage de la tige ronde sans fin de matériau filtrant et formation de filtres séparés.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les étapes c) et d) se succèdent en continu.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, en une première étape de processus, on prépare via les étapes a) à c) un granulé de polymère d'amidon thermoplastique qui est retraité en une deuxième étape de processus, dans une extrudeuse à un arbre et via les étapes a) à f) en filtres séparés.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'extrudeuse utilisée dans les étapes de processus a) à c) est une extrudeuse à deux arbres.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la matière première à régénération est un amidon natif ou modifié, de préférence un amidon de pomme de terre natif.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'extrudat est déchargé sous forme de fils, de feuilles ou de mousse.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les filières présentent plus de 1000 orifices pour l'extrusion de fils , de 1 à 2 orifices pour l'extrusion de feuilles et de 1 à 40 orifices pour l'extrusion de mousses.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la filière d'extrusion de feuilles est une filière à fente large ou une filière annulaire ou annulaire double, et que l'on forme une feuille plate ou une feuille soufflée.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les installations d'extrusion comportent plusieurs zones de température, de préférence six zones de température.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de processus a) se déroule dans une première et une deuxième zone de température, et l'étape de processus b) se déroule dans des troisième à sixième zones de température.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1, 2 ou 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le régime de température suivant est appliqué: Zone 1: 25 - 45°C Zone 2: 70 - 110°C Zone 3: 110 - 160°C Zone 4: 150 - 220°C Zone 5: 180 - 220°C Zone 6: 180 - 220°C
    et que la masse fondue est extrudée sous forme de mousse à 180 à 220°C.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 3 combinée à l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le régime de température suivant est appliqué: Zone 1: 25 - 45°C Zone 2: 60 - 100°C Zone 3: 90 - 120°C Zone 4: 90 - 120°C Zone 5: 90 - 120°C Zone 6: 90 - 125°C
    et que la masse fondue est extrudée sous forme de granulés à 80 - 180°C.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 3 combinée à l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le régime de température suivant est appliqué: Zone 1: 25 - 45°C Zone 2: 60 - 120°C Zone 3: 100 - 190°C Zone 4: 140 - 190°C Zone 5: 140 - 190°C Zone 6: 140 - 200°C
    et que la masse fondue est extrudée sous forme de mousse à 150 - 200°C.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la masse fondue est plastifiée avant l'extrusion.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le matériau filtrant est comprimé en forme de boyau dans le sens de l'axe transversal et enrobé.
EP96933415A 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Procede de fabrication de materiau de filtre biodegradable Expired - Lifetime EP0861036B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19536505A DE19536505A1 (de) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Biologisch abbaubares Filtermaterial und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE19536505 1995-09-29
PCT/EP1996/004234 WO1997012528A1 (fr) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Materiau de filtre biodegradable et procede de fabrication correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0861036A1 EP0861036A1 (fr) 1998-09-02
EP0861036B1 true EP0861036B1 (fr) 2000-01-12

Family

ID=7773698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96933415A Expired - Lifetime EP0861036B1 (fr) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Procede de fabrication de materiau de filtre biodegradable

Country Status (22)

Country Link
US (1) US6062228A (fr)
EP (1) EP0861036B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3266272B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100261855B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1113618C (fr)
AR (1) AR003751A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE188599T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU696205B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9611208A (fr)
CA (1) CA2233368C (fr)
CO (1) CO4750781A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19536505A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2141539T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3032900T3 (fr)
ID (1) ID18221A (fr)
PL (1) PL180599B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT861036E (fr)
RU (1) RU2153828C2 (fr)
TR (1) TR199800561T1 (fr)
TW (1) TW546125B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997012528A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA968199B (fr)

Families Citing this family (74)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE242295T1 (de) * 1995-04-07 2003-06-15 Biotec Biolog Naturverpack Biologisch abbaubare polymermischung
US5911224A (en) * 1997-05-01 1999-06-15 Filtrona International Limited Biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol tobacco smoke filters, tobacco smoke products incorporating such filters, and methods and apparatus for making same
US6573340B1 (en) 2000-08-23 2003-06-03 Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co. Kg Biodegradable polymer films and sheets suitable for use as laminate coatings as well as wraps and other packaging materials
US7297394B2 (en) 2002-03-01 2007-11-20 Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co. Kg Biodegradable films and sheets suitable for use as coatings, wraps and packaging materials
US7241832B2 (en) * 2002-03-01 2007-07-10 bio-tec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH & Co., KG Biodegradable polymer blends for use in making films, sheets and other articles of manufacture
DE10206924B4 (de) * 2002-02-19 2005-12-15 Papierfabrik Schoeller & Hoesch Gmbh & Co. Kg Heisssiegelfähige Filtermaterialien
KR20030075882A (ko) * 2002-03-21 2003-09-26 주식회사 그린메이드 전분 화이버 부직포로 제조된 에어필터 및 그 제조방법
US6863074B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2005-03-08 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cigarette filters comprising unfunctionalized porous polyaromatic resins for removing gas phase constituents from mainstream tobacco smoke
DE10252823A1 (de) * 2002-11-13 2004-06-09 Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co. Kg Filterelement
US7306093B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2007-12-11 Eastman Chemical Company Packages, packaging systems, methods for packaging and apparatus for packaging
US7172814B2 (en) * 2003-06-03 2007-02-06 Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends
ATE361004T1 (de) 2003-09-03 2007-05-15 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines filterstrangs
US20050238774A1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-10-27 Gold Medal Products Co. Cotton candy machine
CA2566989A1 (fr) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Novamont S.P.A. Systeme ventile de collecte de dechets organiques
US7856989B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2010-12-28 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrostatically produced fast dissolving fibers
US7989524B2 (en) * 2005-07-19 2011-08-02 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Fiber-reinforced starch-based compositions and methods of manufacture and use
US20070021515A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 United States (as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture) Expandable starch-based beads and method of manufacturing molded articles therefrom
US20070074733A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-04-05 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cigarettes having hollow fibers
CN1817253B (zh) * 2005-12-21 2010-05-12 宁波经济技术开发区亚太实业有限公司 一种烟气过滤材料及其制备方法
MX2008012396A (es) 2006-03-28 2009-02-11 Philip Morris Prod Articulo para fumar con un restrictor.
DE102006018101A1 (de) * 2006-04-18 2007-10-25 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitungseinheit zur Aufbereitung mindestens eines Filtertowstreifens sowie eine Vorrichtung mit mindestens zwei derartigen Aufbereitungseinheiten
US20080047571A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-02-28 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with plate impactor
US8353298B2 (en) * 2006-07-12 2013-01-15 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with impaction filter segment
US8602036B2 (en) * 2006-08-03 2013-12-10 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking articles enhanced to deliver additives incorporated within electrospun microfibers and nonofibers, and related methods
US7896011B2 (en) * 2006-08-08 2011-03-01 Philip Morris Usa, Inc. Method of forming a filter component
US8424539B2 (en) * 2006-08-08 2013-04-23 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with single piece restrictor and chamber
TW200911138A (en) * 2007-03-09 2009-03-16 Philip Morris Prod Smoking articles with restrictor and aerosol former
TW200911143A (en) * 2007-03-09 2009-03-16 Philip Morris Prod Restrictor attachment for unfiltered smoking article
TW200911141A (en) * 2007-03-09 2009-03-16 Philip Morris Prod Super recessed filter cigarette restrictor
TW200900014A (en) * 2007-03-09 2009-01-01 Philip Morris Prod Smoking article filter with annular restrictor and downstream ventilation
US7878210B2 (en) * 2007-06-04 2011-02-01 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cellulose acetate fiber modification
US8113215B2 (en) * 2007-06-21 2012-02-14 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article filter having liquid additive containing tubes therein
EP2253231A1 (fr) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-24 Philip Morris Products S.A. Article à fumer avec élément de restriction de flux amélioré
US9220297B2 (en) * 2009-08-07 2015-12-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Materials, equipment, and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US8434498B2 (en) * 2009-08-11 2013-05-07 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable filter element
US8424540B2 (en) * 2009-10-09 2013-04-23 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with valved restrictor
GB2474694B (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-11-02 Innovia Films Ltd Biodegradable composites
GB0922253D0 (en) * 2009-12-21 2010-02-03 British American Tobacco Co Sheet filter materials with additives
CN102134758B (zh) * 2010-01-27 2012-06-13 大亚科技股份有限公司 一种改性烟用丝束制备方法
US9226524B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2016-01-05 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Biopolymer foams as filters for smoking articles
TW201204272A (en) 2010-03-26 2012-02-01 Philip Morris Prod Smoking articles with significantly reduced gas vapor phase smoking constituents
US20120000480A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Sebastian Andries D Biodegradable cigarette filter
US20120000481A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Dennis Potter Degradable filter element for smoking article
US8950407B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2015-02-10 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable adhesive compositions for smoking articles
WO2012012053A1 (fr) 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filtre à cigarette biodégradable
US20120017925A1 (en) 2010-06-30 2012-01-26 Sebastian Andries D Degradable cigarette filter
CN101889732A (zh) * 2010-07-19 2010-11-24 湖北金叶玉阳化纤有限公司 一种聚乳酸纤维烟用丝束的制备方法
GB201105455D0 (en) * 2011-03-31 2011-05-18 British American Tobacco Co Blends of a polylactic acid and a water soluble polymer
US20120305015A1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 Sebastian Andries D Coated paper filter
TR201815766T4 (tr) 2011-06-23 2018-11-21 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Polilaktid fiberleri içeren filtre materyali.
GB201112402D0 (en) 2011-07-19 2011-08-31 British American Tobacco Co Cellulose acetate compositions
US8973588B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2015-03-10 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
US9289012B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2016-03-22 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow
KR101414000B1 (ko) 2011-07-29 2014-08-06 조대행 생분해성 유체 여과용 필터
CN102511929A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 云南正邦生物技术有限公司 一种通风固形复合嘴棒及其制备方法
PL219777B1 (pl) * 2012-03-26 2015-07-31 Int Tobacco Machinery Poland Układ czyszczący do transportera bębnowego urządzenia do podawania segmentów filtrowych do urządzenia produkującego filtry wielosegmentowe oraz sposób czyszczenia transportera bębnowego
US9179709B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-11-10 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Mixed fiber sliver for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
US9119419B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2015-09-01 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter material for a filter element of a smoking article, and associated system and method
PL223115B1 (pl) * 2013-02-15 2016-10-31 Int Tobacco Machinery Poland Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Sposób, mechanizm i urządzenie do chwilowego kompresowania materiału filtracyjnego
CN103300475B (zh) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-03 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 可降解型烟用复合滤棒的制备方法
US20160073686A1 (en) 2014-09-12 2016-03-17 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco-derived filter element
US10400105B2 (en) 2015-06-19 2019-09-03 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Extruded starch-lignin foams
JP2017007296A (ja) * 2015-06-25 2017-01-12 株式会社カネカ 断熱性能に優れた押出発泡成形体の製造方法
CN105011346B (zh) * 2015-08-04 2017-01-25 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种再造烟草薄片丝的制备方法
CN105686074B (zh) * 2016-03-08 2019-11-26 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种可生物降解的滤嘴香料棒及其制备方法
US10524500B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2020-01-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Staple fiber blend for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
CN106245157A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-21 甘木林 一种多功能高分子过滤纤维材料
CN109123771B (zh) * 2017-06-28 2021-03-16 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种空芯卷烟滤棒及其制备方法和应用
KR102035303B1 (ko) * 2018-02-13 2019-10-22 대구보건대학교산학협력단 치기공용 폐석고 처리장치
HUE060747T2 (hu) * 2018-12-18 2023-04-28 Philip Morris Products Sa Eljárás és berendezés lap elõállítására alkaloidokat tartalmazó anyagból
KR20210102260A (ko) * 2018-12-18 2021-08-19 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 알칼로이드 함유 물질의 시트를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치
KR102327742B1 (ko) * 2021-04-14 2021-11-17 김순연 담체 제조방법 및 그 제품
CN115413819A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2022-12-02 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种分组加工的聚乳酸纤维滤棒及其制备方法
US20240180237A1 (en) * 2022-12-06 2024-06-06 Greenbutts Llc Fiber cell structure expansion process

Family Cites Families (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026226A (en) * 1957-12-09 1962-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Process of manufacturing filters
DE3710677A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-13 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Vorrichtung zum expandieren von zerkleinertem tabakmaterial
GB8712617D0 (en) * 1987-05-28 1987-07-01 British American Tobacco Co Tobacco smoke filters
IE66735B1 (en) * 1988-11-03 1996-02-07 Biotec Biolog Naturverpack Thermoplastically workable starch and a method for the manufacture thereof
US4863655A (en) * 1988-12-30 1989-09-05 National Starch And Chemical Corporation Biodegradable packaging material and the method of preparation thereof
US5153037A (en) * 1988-12-30 1992-10-06 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Biodegradable shaped products and the method of preparation thereof
DE4013304C2 (de) * 1990-04-26 1993-11-25 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cigarettenfiltern sowie Cigarettenfilter
DE4013293A1 (de) * 1990-04-26 1991-11-07 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Cigarettenfilter
JP3194580B2 (ja) * 1991-03-11 2001-07-30 日本たばこ産業株式会社 シガレット
DE4109603A1 (de) * 1991-03-23 1992-09-24 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von filterstaeben fuer zigaretten
DE4116404A1 (de) * 1991-05-18 1992-11-19 Tomka Ivan Polymermischung fuer die herstellung von folien
JPH0525152A (ja) * 1991-07-22 1993-02-02 Japan Tobacco Inc ３−ｄｐａ−ラクトンの製造法
AT396862B (de) * 1991-10-22 1993-12-27 Austria Tabakwerke Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines zelluloseazetat-kabels und zigarettenfilter daraus
GB9122447D0 (en) * 1991-10-23 1991-12-04 Rothmans Int Tobacco Lightweight cigarette filter and cigarettes incorporating such filters
DE4136694C2 (de) * 1991-11-07 1996-10-10 Inventa Ag Stärkefaser oder Stärke-modifizierte Faser, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung
SG47625A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1998-04-17 Bio Tech Biolog Naturverparkun Biodegradable mould material
JP3283574B2 (ja) * 1992-06-30 2002-05-20 日本たばこ産業株式会社 たばこ製造機の紙巻たばこ軸方向移動装置
TW256845B (fr) * 1992-11-13 1995-09-11 Taisyal Kagaku Kogyo Kk
GB9305066D0 (en) * 1993-03-12 1993-04-28 British American Tobacco Co Improvements relating to filtration materials
DE4322966C2 (de) * 1993-07-09 1995-10-26 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Aus Celluloseacetat geformte Gebilde und ihre Verwendung als Filtertow und Tabakrauchfilterelement
DE4322967C1 (de) * 1993-07-09 1994-10-13 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Filtertow aus Celluloseacetat, dessen Herstellung und Verwendung als Tabakrauchfilterelement
DE4322965C1 (de) * 1993-07-09 1994-10-06 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Filtertow und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung als Tabakrauchfilterelement
CA2127817C (fr) * 1993-07-13 2007-07-03 Hitoshi Tsugaya Filtres a tabac et methode pour leur production
TW241198B (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-02-21 Daicel Chem A tobacco filter material and a method of producing the same
US5497793A (en) * 1993-09-22 1996-03-12 Kubica; Stephen A. Cigarette and soluble cigarette filter therefor
US5396909A (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-03-14 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article filter
DE4409465A1 (de) * 1994-03-19 1995-09-21 Kinkel Werner Helmut Biologisch abbaubare Vliese und Vliesverbundmaterialien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19536505A1 (de) 1997-04-10
GR3032900T3 (en) 2000-07-31
CN1198080A (zh) 1998-11-04
ES2141539T3 (es) 2000-03-16
CA2233368C (fr) 2000-12-05
KR100261855B1 (ko) 2000-08-01
PL180599B1 (pl) 2001-03-30
ATE188599T1 (de) 2000-01-15
AU696205B2 (en) 1998-09-03
AU7215996A (en) 1997-04-28
PT861036E (pt) 2000-06-30
CN1113618C (zh) 2003-07-09
JPH11500629A (ja) 1999-01-19
KR19990044684A (ko) 1999-06-25
ID18221A (id) 1998-03-19
RU2153828C2 (ru) 2000-08-10
JP3266272B2 (ja) 2002-03-18
EP0861036A1 (fr) 1998-09-02
BR9611208A (pt) 1999-04-06
AR003751A1 (es) 1998-09-09
CA2233368A1 (fr) 1997-04-10
US6062228A (en) 2000-05-16
DE59604195D1 (de) 2000-02-17
TW546125B (en) 2003-08-11
TR199800561T1 (xx) 1998-06-22
PL325968A1 (en) 1998-08-17
ZA968199B (en) 1997-05-02
WO1997012528A1 (fr) 1997-04-10
CO4750781A1 (es) 1999-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0861036B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication de materiau de filtre biodegradable
DE4136694C2 (de) Stärkefaser oder Stärke-modifizierte Faser, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung
DE60036202T2 (de) Bioabbaubare gegenstände aus celluloseacetat und tabakrauchfilter
DE19729273C2 (de) Thermoplastische Mischung auf 1,4-alpha-D-Polyglucanbasis, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung
DE69009327T2 (de) Kunststoffmischung, welche destrukturierte Stärke enthält.
DE69009877T2 (de) Kunststoffmischung, welche destrukturierte Stärke enthält.
EP0711322B1 (fr) Mousse en polymere d'amidon
EP0596437B2 (fr) Mélange de polymères biodégradable
EP1102814B1 (fr) Film contenant de l'amidon ou de derives d'amidon et des polyesterurethanes
DE4322966C2 (de) Aus Celluloseacetat geformte Gebilde und ihre Verwendung als Filtertow und Tabakrauchfilterelement
DD299280A5 (de) Biochemischer artikel auf staerke basierend sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DD143882A5 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines plastifizierten,offenzelligen,geschaeumten zelluloseazetatfilterstabes
DE10252823A1 (de) Filterelement
DE69732919T2 (de) Elastischer, biologisch abbaubarer verpackungswerkstoff
DE69818635T2 (de) Kunststoff-Folie
EP3902661A1 (fr) Composé ou film contenant un amidon thermoplastique et polymère thermoplastique
DE3817889A1 (de) Verfahren zum herstellen von tabakrauchfiltern
WO2019121322A1 (fr) Fibres fondues expansées
WO2000039212A1 (fr) Materiaux polymeres biodegradables ou melanges de polymeres ternaires a base de polysaccharide ou d'un derive de polysaccharide
DE69737074T2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elastischen, biologisch abbaubaren Verpackungswerkstoffes
WO2006131285A1 (fr) Element de moulage a base de collagenes
DE19836436A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von biologisch abbaubaren Fasern und Filamenten
EP3997170A1 (fr) Amidon thermoplastique
DE2021305A1 (de) Thermoplastische Polymere mit Faserstruktur
DE3115281A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von fasern

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19980422

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19990105

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

RTI1 Title (correction)
RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: BIO-TEC BIOLOGISCHE NATURVERPACKUNGEN GMBH & CO. K

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: BIO-TEC BIOLOGISCHE NATURVERPACKUNGEN GMBH & CO. K

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 188599

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 20000115

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: TROESCH SCHEIDEGGER WERNER AG

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20000112

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59604195

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20000217

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2141539

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20000328

PLBQ Unpublished change to opponent data

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: NOVAMONT SPA

Effective date: 20001012

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: NOVAMONT SPA

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

PLBL Opposition procedure terminated

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPC

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PLBM Termination of opposition procedure: date of legal effect published

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009276

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: OPPOSITION PROCEDURE CLOSED

27C Opposition proceedings terminated

Effective date: 20011103

NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition

Effective date: 20011103

PLAB Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Payment date: 20100927

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20100825

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20100922

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20100920

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20100920

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20100921

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20101005

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20100917

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20100929

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20100929

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20100920

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20100920

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20100924

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20100920

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20101001

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100928

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20110926

Year of fee payment: 16

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *BIO-TEC BIOLOGISCHE NATURVERPACKUNGEN G.M.B.H. &

Effective date: 20110930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20120401

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110927

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: ML

Ref document number: 20000400595

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20120403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20120531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 59604195

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120401

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120403

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 188599

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20110927

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES

Effective date: 20130327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20130417

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110928

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110928

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130327

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110927