EP0842018B1 - Ultraschallschneidvorrichtung - Google Patents

Ultraschallschneidvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0842018B1
EP0842018B1 EP96922938A EP96922938A EP0842018B1 EP 0842018 B1 EP0842018 B1 EP 0842018B1 EP 96922938 A EP96922938 A EP 96922938A EP 96922938 A EP96922938 A EP 96922938A EP 0842018 B1 EP0842018 B1 EP 0842018B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
disk
disks
coupled
coupling element
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EP96922938A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0842018A1 (de
Inventor
Henri Michoud
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Unir
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Unir
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/143—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis
    • B26D1/15—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member
    • B26D1/151—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0053—Cutting members therefor having a special cutting edge section or blade section
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/929—Particular nature of work or product
    • Y10S83/932—Edible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/956—Ultrasonic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
    • Y10T83/7872—Tool element mounted for adjustment
    • Y10T83/7876—Plural, axially spaced tool elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/97—Miscellaneous

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a ultrasonic cutting device comprising a ultrasonic generator with natural frequency data, coupled with a cutting tool.
  • the vibrating blade cutting technique ultrasonic ensures a clean cut, but at the expense of speed, given that speed linear displacement of products and therefore speed linear cutting is limited to a speed which does not in practice hardly exceeds one meter per minute.
  • the GB 2219245 patent application concerns a ultrasonic cutting device which implements at least one blade, possibly rotatable, and corresponds in the preamble to claim 1. This device is not not optimal.
  • the subject of the present invention is a improved ultrasonic cutting device, which allows in particular to reach linear speeds cutting several meters per minute, and can reach 10 meters / minute.
  • Another object of the invention is a cutting device allowing cutting without removal of material.
  • Another object of the invention is a cutting device which can be used for products known to be difficult to cut, such as pastry, bread or even sandwich bread, found in the hot state at the exit of a baking oven.
  • Another object of the invention is a cutting device which can be easily cleaned, and which in particular can be cleaned by continuous, so as to allow cutting in high cleanliness conditions.
  • Another object of the invention is a cutting device with improved coupling between the ultrasound generator and the cutting tool.
  • the cutting device according to the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the device according to the invention thus presents a cutting tool which is a disc driven in rotation, and the ultrasound generator is coupled to a central region of the disc by means coupling, said central region being arranged on a amplitude belly of the ultrasonic vibrations produced by the ultrasound generator in a given mode.
  • Such device is simpler than the complex set described in GB patent application 2282559 which has two synchronous ultrasonic generators coupled to the periphery of cutting discs by flared parts in bell.
  • the cutting device according to the invention therefore uses a conventional ultrasonic generator, and the coupling means according to the invention has the function of transform a movement directed along the axis of the disc into a movement which vibrates the surface of the disc perpendicular to this axis, either in a radial mode, preferably in a bending mode.
  • the coupling means comprises a bar, the length of which is advantageously equal to half the wavelength ( ⁇ ) corresponding, for the material making up the bar, to the natural frequency f of the ultrasound generator.
  • Said bar has an upstream end coupled to the ultrasonic generator, as well as a downstream end coupled to the disc, the bar having a non-constant and decreasing section from upstream to downstream.
  • the bar preferably has an upstream region of length ⁇ / 4, a downstream region of length ⁇ / 4, the downstream region having a constant section, less than that, also constant, of the upstream region.
  • the coupling means also includes a coupling element of length ⁇ / 2 which extends the bar and which has a free end so as to ensure the wave return.
  • This coupling element can be a cylindrical resonator, the central region of the disc then being placed on an amplitude belly longitudinal, so as to allow the preferred mode excitation of the disc by bending vibrations.
  • the central region of the disc is advantageously sandwiched between the downstream end of the bar and the upstream end of the coupling element.
  • the invention also relates to a device characterized in that the cutting unit includes a plurality of disks comprising at least one upstream disk coupled to the downstream end of the bar and a downstream disc coupled to the upstream end of said coupling element, the coupling element having a free downstream end, and in that the discs are spaced apart by intermediate coupling spacers so as to be placed on bellies of vibrations inducing their displacement in bending mode.
  • the invention finally relates to a device characterized in that the cutting unit includes a plurality of disks comprising at least one upstream disk coupled to the downstream end of the bar and a downstream disc coupled to the upstream end of said coupling element, the coupling element having a free downstream end, and in that the discs are spaced apart by intermediate coupling spacers so as to be arranged with a pitch p substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength and shifted by an eighth in length wave compared to bellies of inducing vibrations their displacement in bending mode.
  • the unit cutting machine has a central axis on which are mounted the spacers and the ultrasound generator and a clamping device cooperating with the axis for clamping the discs positioned between the spacers.
  • the discs may have recesses in a ring retaining the symmetry of revolution of discs. This allows the weight to be reduced without altering device performance.
  • the cutting unit can include a device for adjusting, preferably individually, the disc clamping force.
  • the device can be characterized in that it comprises n said cutting units each having a plurality of discs spaced between them by nxa and which are offset with respect to each other so as to produce cuts of equal thickness a .
  • Said given mode is preferably essentially devoid of flexion of the coupling elements, in particular spacers.
  • the coupling element is a profiled part
  • the diameter is preferably substantially equal to ⁇ / 2
  • the central region of the disc is arranged on a belly of radial amplitude, that is to say on a node of longitudinal amplitude.
  • the region disc center can be arranged between two regions of equal length of the profiled part, these so-called regions of equal length which can then be symmetrical by compared to the disc, and have a diameter going decreasing as the distance to the disc increases.
  • the invention also relates to a use of the device as defined above, for cutting products such as bread, sliced bread or pastry more particularly in the hot state, especially when removing these products from the oven.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used in particular for cutting raw meat products or cooked, or salting products.
  • the frequency of the ultrasonic generator is advantageously between 20 and 40 KHz and the speed disc rotation between 100 and 800 revolutions / minute.
  • the vibrational amplitude of the disc is advantageously between 15 and 25 ⁇ .
  • the linear speed of product movement to be cut is advantageously between 2 and 10 meters / minute, which ensures industrial rates significantly improved compared to cutting tools known ultrasound, using a knife or a reciprocating saw.
  • the invention also relates to a method of ultrasonic cutting of a product, characterized in that it implements a device as defined above.
  • the cutting is carried out on a product out of the oven and in the state hot, the cutting being followed by a conditioning of the product, which provides very high quality of cleanliness.
  • a conditioning of the product which provides very high quality of cleanliness.
  • white bread we can avoid the step previously necessary cooling and bleeding which involves a fairly long time during which the product is exposed in the open air, resulting in microbial contamination, weight loss of the product, a loss of softness of this one, and the need to submit the product before drying at a specific decontamination stage to ensure its subsequent conservation.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for cutting which can be used in conditions of relatively difficult cutting, especially in the case of pastry or sandwich bread leaving hot from oven.
  • it is particularly difficult, for example, to cut thin slices out of a loaf of bread crumb which has just been cooked.
  • sweating up to 24 hours and during which the loaf looses part of its humidity.
  • the sliced bread is then cut and put in a bag.
  • This operation has the disadvantage, besides exposing the product in the open air and contaminate it, drive to a product that is less mellow than it could have been cut immediately and, although subject to specific decontamination step, including the duration of conservation is relatively limited.
  • the fact of cut the product in the hot state and bag it immediately after avoids all aforementioned drawbacks and leads to a product whose organoleptic qualities are improved and whose duration conservation is significantly increased.
  • the cutting of a solid material is obtained at the continuation of three phenomena occurring successively, namely elastic deformation, deformation plastic and the spread of a breaking line.
  • the energy is used to advance the crack and it's therefore completely consumed by the creation of new surfaces.
  • the interest of the cutting technique by ultrasound according to the invention as described below is to change this behavior and allow, through the use of a tool, preferably circular, devoid of teeth, and set in vibration, to arrive at a regular spacing of the material to be cut and at a clean cutting of the product preferably without removal matter.
  • the cutting being carried out by a disc which is always rotating avoids the disadvantages of ultrasonic knives which since they are subject with reciprocating motion, have their own speed which is canceled with each reversal of the direction of movement, this which is a major drawback in the case of "sticky" products which quickly tend to clog the knife blade, which cannot be cleaned without interrupt cutting.
  • products such as sandwich loaves, designated by the general reference 1 are baked in an oven 2 and then are brought to an advancing device 3, such as a conveyor belt, moving longitudinally in the direction of arrow F 1 to a cutting installation comprising one or more discs 5 rotated in the direction of arrow F 2 around their central part 4.
  • the installation optionally includes a guillotine cutting device 6 actuated in the direction of arrow F 3 and intended to perform a transverse slicing upstream or, as shown, downstream of the disc 5.
  • the product cut in the hot state is then placed on a second feed device 7 towards a bagging installation 9 during which the products 1 are packaged in sachets 8.
  • the rotating disc 5 is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations generated by a device that will be described below and which makes it possible to achieve high linear speeds of the transport device 3, while allowing cutting of thin slices in sliced bread from the oven.
  • the disc is not in contact with the product to be cut only on part of its circumference, it can be cleaned and / or permanently disinfected by a device 50 known in itself.
  • FIG. 2 a represents an ultrasonic transmitter known per se, designated by the general reference 10. It consists of a sandwich of piezoelectric ceramics 11, composed for example of two discs, prestressed between two metallic masses, namely a horn 12 and a counter-mass 14. The whole vibrates in mechanical resonance with the electrical excitation supplied by the generator 11.
  • an alternating voltage dV is applied to ceramics to which corresponds an alternative variation of the electric field dE, d 'resulting in an alternative thickness variation of dT ceramics.
  • Each variation in thickness dT then corresponds to a variation in pressure dP.
  • the application of an alternating voltage dV across the terminals of the transmitter thus formed induces pressure waves which, from the two ceramic discs, are reflected at the ends 16 and 18 of the transmitter.
  • the length of a bar is dimensioned to a value such that the frequency of the longitudinal vibrations of it corresponds exactly to the frequency f of electrical excitation, the bar becomes the seat of standing waves and vibrates in resonance with the electrical excitation.
  • This condition is obtained for a bar 10 whose total length, between the end faces 16 and 18, is equal to ⁇ / 2, ⁇ denoting the wavelength in the bar corresponding to the frequency f .
  • the ceramics 11 are placed in the center and the pavilion 12 and the counterweight 13 are arranged symmetrically on either side of the ceramics 11.
  • vibrations of the transmitter 11 that we can obtain in practice are of the order of 10 to 14 ⁇ peak to peak depending on the type of generator used, it amplification of these vibrations is necessary to obtain sufficient amplitudes.
  • a metal bar of length ⁇ / 2 is attached to the transmitter, tuned to the natural frequency of the transmitter, for example 20KHz.
  • the bar 20 comprises a first section 22 of length ⁇ / 4 having a constant section S 1 which is larger than the also constant section S 2 of the second section 24, also of length ⁇ / 4.
  • the face 26 of the section 22 is attached to the face 18 of the counter-mass 14.
  • the diagram of the amplitudes and the stresses is represented in FIG. 2 c , on which the movement of the face 16 is represented by the curve x O , the movement of the faces 18 and 26 by the curve x 1 and the movement of the face 28 of the section 24 by the curve x 2 .
  • Disc 5 can only be excited from its center 4, i.e. from its axis of rotation, it is imperative to transform the movement initial axial in radial movement oriented in the plane of the disk.
  • the disc 5 is sandwiched between the face 28 of the section 24 and the face 32 of a resonator 30 which is a cylindrical bar of length ⁇ / 2 which ends in a free end face 34.
  • the bar 30 acts as a resonator and its role is to ensure the return of waves under the mechanical resonance conditions of the assembly.
  • the transformation of movement is ensured by the fact that the disc 5 is located, as shown by the curve a 1 of longitudinal amplitude, on a belly of longitudinal amplitude v 1 . It vibrates in a bending mode regardless of its diameter.
  • FIG. 3b implements an element 40 intended to ensure the transformation of the axial movement into radial movement. It is fixed in the vicinity of a belly of radial amplitude V r corresponding to a node of axial amplitude.
  • the element 40 is generally cylindrical in shape and has an upstream section 46 whose face 42 is contiguous to the face 28 of the section 24 and a downstream section 48 having a free face 44.
  • the disc 5 is disposed in the center of the element 40 between two crown regions 45 and 47 of larger diameter than that of regions 46 and 48 to which they are connected by rounded profiles 41 and 43. Regions 46 and 48 have a diameter greater than that of region 24, and in the example shown, substantially equal to that of region 22.
  • the length of element 40, comprised between these faces 42 and 44 is equal to ⁇ / 2 and the disc 5 is therefore placed at a distance ⁇ / 4 of the face 28. Under these conditions, it is fixed in the vicinity of a belly of radial amplitude V r , as shown by the curve a r of FIG. 3 c .
  • a conical profile. should be adopted for a thickness at the base of the order of 10 mm.
  • the regions 45 and 47 of the element 40 have a diameter close to ⁇ / 2, which thus creates radially resonance conditions. This is what makes it possible to obtain a radial amplitude sufficient to excite the disc 5.
  • parts 12, 14, 20 and 30 can advantageously be carried out TA6V titanium alloy which has excellent elastic properties and which, being biocompatible, is therefore chemically inert towards the products to cut.
  • this alloy is stainless, easily machinable and affordable for applications to consider.
  • the alloy aforementioned may of course be recommended, but it is better to use for this wear part which is likely to be replaced, a less expensive alloy such as a stainless steel alloy of the type used for conventional cutting tools, in particular the Z200C13 alloy which combines all the qualities sought to know: chemical inertia, machinability, high hardness and acceptable cost. Its properties elastic are lower than those of the alloy of aforementioned titanium, but are sufficient for the application to consider.
  • a cutting disc diameter 600 mm allows to cut a product of 280 mm height. It is possible to cut products even higher, to the detriment of the finesse of cutting, since in this case you have to increase the thickness of the blade.
  • the assembly in radial mode has a resonant frequency which depends on the diameter of the disc 5.
  • the diameter resonating at 4OKHz is around 200 mm.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show two variants machines especially for slicing bread products or pastries, for example to determine a soft bread whose height is approximately 120 mm, the thickness of the slices to be produced is 12 mm ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the blades (discs 5) being offset, the cutting front is no longer parallel and can pose difficulties when product engagement.
  • the spacing between the discs 5 allows to use a lower frequency more compatible with the dimensions of the discs 5. Difficulties that may arise during bread engagement is not important. Attempts on the single disc prototype showed penetration of the blade in the bread markedly improved by the presence of ultrasound. For systems sufficiently nested, the bread does not separate unexpectedly. Of more, ultrasound greatly reduces the coefficient of apparent friction of the material on the discs in vibration therefore a priori the discs 5 do not tend to remember the bread during its passage.
  • the set of disks 5 of each unit of cutting is coupled to the same axis vibrated by an ultrasound generator.
  • Discs 5 are positioned at a belly of longitudinal vibrations (or near a belly of vibrations).
  • the clamping force of the discs 5 so as to ensure good coupling of ultrasound and in particular a homogeneous displacement amplitude on all discs, which can be advantageously obtained by an adjustment individual tightening of discs 5, for example the flanges 92 are threaded and can be tightened on the centering region 98 itself threaded.
  • the discs are mounted on an axis 97 by means of spacers 90 which slide along axis 97 and which come sandwich the discs 5, a tightening of the whole being provided by a plug 99 so as to obtain good support of the discs 5 and a surface of increased transmission in contact with discs 5.
  • a first mode is around 30kHz and allows from a good displacement in translation to level of the spacers 90 to induce a movement of disc bending 5.
  • the second mode which is around 36 kHz puts against the same bending of the spacers 90 in contact with the discs 5.
  • the shape of the blade has some influence on the frequency: the lighter it is and especially the more elastic, the more significant the drop in frequency.
  • the blade diameter being fixed at 300 mm, we can lighten disc 5 by hollowing it out regularly according to rings 101 (see box in Figure 5).
  • the blade in disc shape remains symmetrical in revolution.
  • the thickness of the blade of 2.5 mm at the start is set at 2 mm for reasons of mass to vibrate and improved elasticity.
  • spacers 90 having straight tubular shapes, provided at their ends of additional flanges 91 and 92 are centering on each other and also centering the discs 5 (figure 5). 5 disc-shaped blades are regularly spaced so as to be located at vibration bellies, corresponding to a setting vibration of the discs 5 in bending mode.
  • the nominal operating frequency is 32.2 kHz.
  • a nodal plan 21 in the amplifier part 22 allows to come fix if necessary is, a stainless steel plate which will isolate the slicing for ultra-cleanliness issues.
  • An embodiment for lowering the operating frequency consists in placing the blades or discs 5 with a constant pitch p substantially equal to a quarter wavelength, these being at this effect offset longitudinally by about an eighth of wavelength ( ⁇ / 8) relative to the bellies of longitudinal vibrations (see fig. 6). With a step of 50 mm, the frequency is around 22 kHz, for the example shown in Figure 5.
  • the diameter of the blades we choose the diameter of the blades, their pitch and the geometric characteristics of the parts that compose it (spacers, etc ).
  • a calculation for example by the finite element method allows to determine the value of the wavelength ⁇ corresponding to the structure.
  • This wavelength ⁇ depends on the configuration of the rooms, i.e. in its determination comes in a form factor.
  • the cutting unit shown in Figure 5 uses 90 tubular spacers and a rod 97 tightened by a plug 99, this situation influencing the wavelength value.

Claims (19)

  1. Einrichtung zum Schneiden mit Ultraschall, umfassend wenigstens eine Schneideinheit, die einen eine gegebene Eigenfrequenz aufweisenden Ultraschallgenerator enthält, der an wenigstens an ein Schneidwerkzeug angekoppelt ist, wobei das Schneidwerkzeug in der Schneideinheit eine in Rotation angetriebene Scheibe (5) ist, und dass der Ultraschallgenerator (10, 11) mithilfe eines Kopplungsmittels (30, 40) an einen zentralen Bereich (4) der Scheibe (5) angekoppelt ist, wobei der genannte zentrale Bereich (4) auf einem Bauch der Amplitude der mit dem Ultraschallgenerator (10, 11) gemäß einem gegebenen Modus erzeugten Ultraschallvibrationen oder in der Nähe des genannten Bauchs angeordnet ist, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungsmittel einen Stab (20) umfasst, dessen Länge (λ/2) gleich der Hälfte der Wellenlänge (λ) ist, die der Eigenfrequenz F des Ultraschallgenerators (10, 11) entspricht, und der ein stromaufwärtiges Ende (26) hat, das an den Ultraschallgenerator (10, 11) angekoppelt ist, und ein stromabwärtiges Ende (28), das an die Scheibe (5) angekoppelt ist, wobei der Stab (20) einen Querschnitt hat, welcher nicht konstant ist und von stromaufwärts nach stromabwärts zu abnimmt, und dass das Kopplungsmittel ferner ein Kopplungselement (30, 40, 95) der Länge λ/2 umfasst, welches den Stab verlängert und welches ein Ende aufweist, das in der Art und Weise frei ist, dass die Rückführung der Wellen sichergestellt wird.
  2. Einrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass der Stab (20) einen stromaufwärtigen Bereich (22) der Länge λ/4 und einen stromabwärtigen Bereich (24) der Länge λ/4 aufweist, wobei der stromabwärtige Bereich (24) einen konstanten Querschnitt hat, welcher, ebenfalls konstant, kleiner als jener des stromaufwärtigen Bereichs (22) ist.
  3. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement (30) ein zylindrischer Resonator ist, und dass der zentrale Bereich (4) der Scheibe (5) auf einem Bauch der longitudinalen Amplitude in Sandwich bzw. Schichtung zwischen dem stromabwärtigen Ende (28) des Stabs (20) und dem stromaufwärtigen Ende des Kopplungselements (30) angeordnet ist.
  4. Einrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 3, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Schneideinheit eine Mehrzahl von Scheiben (5) enthält, umfassend wenigstens eine stromaufwärtige Scheibe, die an das stromabwärtige Ende (28) des Stabs (20) angekoppelt ist, und eine stromabwärtige Scheibe, die an das stromaufwärtige Ende des genannten Kopplungselements (95) angekoppelt ist, wobei das Kopplungselement (30) ein freies stromabwärtiges Ende hat, und dass die Scheiben untereinander durch zwischenliegende Kopplungsabstandhülsen bzw. -abstandstücke bzw. -stege bzw. -streben (90) in der Art und Weise beabstandet sind, dass sie auf Bäuchen der Vibrationen angeordnet sind, welche ihre Verlagerung im Biegemodus induzieren.
  5. Einrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 3, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Schneideinheit eine Mehrzahl von Scheiben (5) enthält, umfassend wenigstens eine stromaufwärtige Scheibe, die an das stromabwärtige Ende (28) des Stabs (20) angekoppelt ist, und eine stromabwärtige Scheibe, die an das stromaufwärtige Ende des genannten Kopplungselements (95) angekoppelt ist, wobei das Kopplungselement (30) ein freies stromabwärtiges Ende hat, und dass die Scheiben untereinander durch zwischenliegende Kopplungsabstandhülsen bzw. -abstandstücke bzw. -stege bzw. -streben in der Art und Weise beabstandet sind, dass sie mit einer Teilung p angeordnet sind, welche im Wesentlichen gleich einem Viertel der Wellenlänge ist und im Wesentlichen um ein Achtel der Wellenlänge mit Bezug auf die Bäuche der Vibrationen, verschoben bzw. versetzt sind, welche ihre Verlagerung im Biegemodus induzieren.
  6. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schneideinheit eine zentrale Achse (97) enthält, auf welcher die Abstandhülsen bzw. Abstandstücke bzw. Stege bzw. Streben (90) und der Ultraschallgenerator (11, 12, 14) und eine Spann- bzw. Klemmeinrichtung (99), die mit der Achse (97) zum Einspannen bzw. Festklemmen der Scheiben (5) zusammenwirkt, welche zwischen den Abstandhülsen bzw. Abstandstücken bzw. Stegen bzw. Streben (90) positioniert sind.
  7. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheiben (5) ringartige Vertiefungen bzw. Aussparungen haben, welche die Symmetrie der Umdrehung der Scheiben erhalten.
  8. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Einrichtung (99) für die Einstellung, vorzugsweise die individuelle Einstellung, der Kraft der Einspannung bzw. Klemmung der Scheiben (5) umfasst.
  9. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie n genannte Schneideinheiten umfasst, von denen jede eine Mehrzahl von Scheiben hat, die untereinander n x a beabstandet sind und welche die eine mit Bezug auf die andere in der Art und Weise verschoben bzw. versetzt sind, dass Schnitte gleicher Dicke a erzeugt werden.
  10. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte gegebene Modus im Wesentlichen frei davon ist, das oder die Kopplungselemente in Biegung zu versetzen.
  11. Einrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement ein profiliertes Teil (40) ist, welches sich radial erstreckt, und dass der zentrale Bereich (4) der Scheibe (5) auf einem Bauch der radialen Amplitude angeordnet ist, und dass der zentrale Bereich (4) der Scheibe (5) zwischen zwei Bereichen gleicher Länge des profilierten Teils (40) angeordnet ist.
  12. Einrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 11, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die genannten beiden Bereiche von gleicher Länge symmetrisch mit Bezug auf die Scheibe (5) sind und einen Durchmesser aufweisen, der abnimmt, wenn die Entfernung von der Scheibe zunimmt.
  13. Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das profilierte Teil (40) einen Durchmesser hat, welcher im Wesentlichen gleich λ/2 ist.
  14. Verwendung der Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu zerschneidende Produkt Brot, Toastbrot oder Patisserie bzw. Konditorwaren bzw. feine Backwaren, mehr im Besonderen im heißen bzw. warmen Zustand, ist bzw. sind.
  15. Verwendung der Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu zerschneidende Produkt ein rohes oder gekochtes bzw. gebratenes bzw. gesottenes bzw. gebackenes Fleischprodukt ist oder auch ein eingesalzenes bzw. eingepökeltes Produkt.
  16. Verwendung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Frequenz des Ultraschallgenerators (10, 11) zwischen 20 und 40 kHz liegt und dass die Geschwindigkeit der Rotation der Scheibe zwischen 100 und 800 Umdrehungen/Minute liegt.
  17. Verwendung gemäß dem Anspruch 16, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Vibrationsamplitude der Scheibe (5) zwischen 15 und 25 Mikron liegt.
  18. Verwendung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die lineare Geschwindigkeit der Verlagerung des zu zerschneidenden Produkts (1) zwischen 2 und 10 m/min liegt.
  19. Verfahren zum Zerschneiden eines Produkts mit Ultraschall, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Einrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 verwendet, und dass das Zerschneiden an einem Produkt realisiert wird, welches aus dem Ofen austritt und im heißen bzw. warmen Zustand ist, und dass das Zerschneiden gefolgt wird von einer Konditionierung des Produkts vor seiner Abkühlung.
EP96922938A 1995-06-19 1996-06-18 Ultraschallschneidvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0842018B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9507285A FR2735412B1 (fr) 1995-06-19 1995-06-19 Dispositif de decoupage par ultrasons
FR9507285 1995-06-19
PCT/FR1996/000932 WO1997000159A1 (fr) 1995-06-19 1996-06-18 Dispositif de decoupage par ultrasons

Publications (2)

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EP0842018A1 EP0842018A1 (de) 1998-05-20
EP0842018B1 true EP0842018B1 (de) 2002-05-08

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US (1) US6058823A (de)
EP (1) EP0842018B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH11514935A (de)
KR (1) KR19990022945A (de)
CN (1) CN1191503A (de)
AT (1) ATE217241T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69621134T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2175107T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2735412B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1997000159A1 (de)

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FR2735412B1 (fr) 1997-08-22
WO1997000159A1 (fr) 1997-01-03
ES2175107T3 (es) 2002-11-16
KR19990022945A (ko) 1999-03-25
ATE217241T1 (de) 2002-05-15
EP0842018A1 (de) 1998-05-20
FR2735412A1 (fr) 1996-12-20
US6058823A (en) 2000-05-09
CN1191503A (zh) 1998-08-26
DE69621134D1 (de) 2002-06-13
DE69621134T2 (de) 2002-11-14
JPH11514935A (ja) 1999-12-21

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